CA2139344A1 - Solar energy collector - Google Patents
Solar energy collectorInfo
- Publication number
- CA2139344A1 CA2139344A1 CA002139344A CA2139344A CA2139344A1 CA 2139344 A1 CA2139344 A1 CA 2139344A1 CA 002139344 A CA002139344 A CA 002139344A CA 2139344 A CA2139344 A CA 2139344A CA 2139344 A1 CA2139344 A1 CA 2139344A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- structural body
- basic structural
- collector
- rail member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/67—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for coupling adjacent modules or their peripheral frames
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/70—Sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/6007—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules by using form-fitting connection means, e.g. tongue and groove
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A solar energy collector consists of a plurality of collector elements which can be secured on a preferably included supporting surface, for example a roof, and which have each a base body with one or several collector channels lying in a plane that faces the sun and connectable to a heat transfer fluid network, as well as possibly one or several absorber channels lying in a plane transversely oriented to the collector channel. At least in the area of two parallel sides among its four sides, the base body of the collector element is provided with a coupling stud that extends transversely to the plane of the base body, and at its opposite side, the base body is provided with a coupling groove whose dimensions are adapted to those of the coupling stud and which receives the coupling stud of the directly adjacent base body. Studs and grooves help to solidly anchor the base bodies to each other and at the same time to seal them with respect to the supporting surface. In order to be able to-arrange the collector element both on north-south oriented roofs and on east-west oriented roofs without having to fear for leaks, at least on the side of the base body provided with the first coupling stud that extends transversely to the plane of the base body is arranged a second coupling stud which extends in the same direction. A second coupling groove associated to this second coupling stud and whose dimensions are adapted to those of the second coupling stud is arranged at the opposite side of the base body.
A solar energy collector consists of a plurality of collector elements which can be secured on a preferably included supporting surface, for example a roof, and which have each a base body with one or several collector channels lying in a plane that faces the sun and connectable to a heat transfer fluid network, as well as possibly one or several absorber channels lying in a plane transversely oriented to the collector channel. At least in the area of two parallel sides among its four sides, the base body of the collector element is provided with a coupling stud that extends transversely to the plane of the base body, and at its opposite side, the base body is provided with a coupling groove whose dimensions are adapted to those of the coupling stud and which receives the coupling stud of the directly adjacent base body. Studs and grooves help to solidly anchor the base bodies to each other and at the same time to seal them with respect to the supporting surface. In order to be able to-arrange the collector element both on north-south oriented roofs and on east-west oriented roofs without having to fear for leaks, at least on the side of the base body provided with the first coupling stud that extends transversely to the plane of the base body is arranged a second coupling stud which extends in the same direction. A second coupling groove associated to this second coupling stud and whose dimensions are adapted to those of the second coupling stud is arranged at the opposite side of the base body.
Description
; ', ' `~` 213934~
., .
~ r~ ~ nS~ t~ vn r~lcs~:-s 1_3 ~i ~v~ 'O'~ iS
comprised or a plurali-y o~^ 5rJiieC'_or ele..enrs mo snr~r~le on -s tpr9r-eraDiy inc~ina~) suppor-c surfac~e~ ~- c~. a roor~ ~.;nicn ele.~ents each comprise a basic struciurai ~oày, wherewith the sub~leci appara-cu~ is compriseci or ~ - one ar more coliector onanneis wnicn can be connec~ed ~o a nea~ transfer fluid networ~ and are ecsch dis~oseci in a olane orienreu qeneraliy toward ine sun, ana po8sibly) une or more aosorDer channeis whicrl are each disposed in a pian~ orien~ecs ~ransverseiy ~o frne planes orJ ~ne collecior channels;
wnerewith che subject apparatus nas tne roliowinq fea~ures:
or eacn collecior elemenr, cne ;aieral regions OI a~ ~-.
leasr rwo mutualiy parai;el siùes among ihe raur sides or the -~:
asic struc-cural i~o~y or saià col;ac~or e;emeni are eacn ~sic3 provi~ed w1tn a ~ouplinc~ rai; IslemDer wshicrl ~ro~ects transversely ;~
wich res~ecc co che piane o-r said basic ~cructurai ~odv and whicn ~ .
serves for mucual LiXe~ ancnorin~, as weli d~ sealillq wich es~ecc ~o cne ~u~port ~urlace: ~n~
- : ~ :
- The opposice si~es o che saiu basi~ ~truccural body are ,~
proviaed wiih a resPeccive couP;inq ~roove ~she ~imensions o~
which corres~ond ro inose or r.he coupiin~ rail memoer. which ~:~ cou~;inq yroove serves r.o acrommoùaie ~he couplinq rail memoer or ~ne adiacent basic .struciural ~od~.
;~
., .
~ r~ ~ nS~ t~ vn r~lcs~:-s 1_3 ~i ~v~ 'O'~ iS
comprised or a plurali-y o~^ 5rJiieC'_or ele..enrs mo snr~r~le on -s tpr9r-eraDiy inc~ina~) suppor-c surfac~e~ ~- c~. a roor~ ~.;nicn ele.~ents each comprise a basic struciurai ~oày, wherewith the sub~leci appara-cu~ is compriseci or ~ - one ar more coliector onanneis wnicn can be connec~ed ~o a nea~ transfer fluid networ~ and are ecsch dis~oseci in a olane orienreu qeneraliy toward ine sun, ana po8sibly) une or more aosorDer channeis whicrl are each disposed in a pian~ orien~ecs ~ransverseiy ~o frne planes orJ ~ne collecior channels;
wnerewith che subject apparatus nas tne roliowinq fea~ures:
or eacn collecior elemenr, cne ;aieral regions OI a~ ~-.
leasr rwo mutualiy parai;el siùes among ihe raur sides or the -~:
asic struc-cural i~o~y or saià col;ac~or e;emeni are eacn ~sic3 provi~ed w1tn a ~ouplinc~ rai; IslemDer wshicrl ~ro~ects transversely ;~
wich res~ecc co che piane o-r said basic ~cructurai ~odv and whicn ~ .
serves for mucual LiXe~ ancnorin~, as weli d~ sealillq wich es~ecc ~o cne ~u~port ~urlace: ~n~
- : ~ :
- The opposice si~es o che saiu basi~ ~truccural body are ,~
proviaed wiih a resPeccive couP;inq ~roove ~she ~imensions o~
which corres~ond ro inose or r.he coupiin~ rail memoer. which ~:~ cou~;inq yroove serves r.o acrommoùaie ~he couplinq rail memoer or ~ne adiacent basic .struciural ~od~.
;~
2 1 3 9 3 ~ ~
~ ;nown apparatuses or chis ~ype ~Ger. u~ 34 48~j are mounte~ exclus1veiy on the soutil~riy inclined roor reqions of so-caii~ed north-south roofs, with the collector channels and ab~ior~er on~Dneis exten~inq paraiiei to ~ne ridqe of ~ne roor.
The ooilector elements are mounted suc~ that the ed~e or the oasic siructural body whicn edae extends around the coupling groove is at a higher aititude than the downwardly projecting coupiin~ rail memDer oî tne same oasic structural ~ody. ~his confiquraiion and these mountinq means ~or the collector elements satisractoriiy provide tne desired seaiinq erfect.
However, if such known coliector elements are mounted at a 50 azimuth to the aroresaid orientation, namely if they are mounted on a so-calied easi-west roor, it nas been found tnat the --sealing erfect of the coupiinq rail mem~er and the coupling groove of correspondinq dimensions, wnicn groove is enqaqed by said raiî member, is dericient. Additional seaiina means are needed. ;;
The underlying proDlem of the present invention is to devise a solar coilector apparatus or the t~pe descri~ed above, wherewith the collector eiemenis o~ the apparaius can be disposed on either north-soutn roofs or on east-west roofs ~azimuthally rotated gOo with respect to north-south roors) without risk oî' ~--sealina-imperfections and withoui requiring speciai preparatory -worK to achieve a seai. ;
Thts problem is solved with ihe inventive solar collector apparatus, wnicn is disiin~uisned essentiaily in inai, at least ;~
2 ; ;
, 213g344 ,:,.
on the side of the oasic struciurai oody which side bears the .:
first cou~ling rail memDer (whicn member ~rojacts perpendicularly to the plane of the basic structural body), a second couplinq ~-rail mel~er is provided wnicn projects in ihe same said direction; and in that said second rail member is associated with a second couplin~ groove navinq dimensions corresponding to those of the second rail member, which second groove is disposed on the opposlte side of ihe basic structural body.
A solar collecior apparatus comprised of collector elements configured in this manner can be mounted on a north-sou~n roof or .:
on an eas~-west roof (wnich iaiier roof exiends at a 90 ~azimuthal) angle to nortn-south roofsj. Thus the described collector elemen~s allow use on any roor. ln addition, the .~
apparatus provides a perfec~ seal. Accordingl~, no specially . ;
adapted collector elements are required for individual ;;;
installations -- and thus ef~iciencies are afforded in the manuPacturing of the collector elements and the a~paratuses as a whole., without.re~ard to the shape or orientation of the roof on ~ ;
which they are to be used.
In connection with the invention it has been found to be very advantaqeous if -- both the first and second coupling rail members are mounted on a given side of the basic structural body, __ both couplin~ rail mem~ers project down~ard, and -- both the first and second coupling qrooves are disposed on ~
the opposite side of the basic tructural body ~from that of the :
!;, ~ . . ~
213934~
, c~uplina rail membersl and are confi~ure to na~e ineir open side direcied upward.
The rirs~ and second couplin~ rail members hoth extend îrom one and the same laterally Rroiecting ed~e member OI tne oasic .:
structural body, i.e. said rail members are generally in the same --`
plane. One can pr~vide a ~ore favorably stron~ and durable mutual anchoring of the collector elements by means distinguished - .
in tnat the first couplinq rail member is disposed at a different altitude from the second couplin~ rail ~ember, and the first - -~
CoUpliDq qroove (associated with the first couplinq rail member) is disposed at a different altitude from the second couplinq ;`.
groove ~associated with the second cou~linq rail member). This ~`~
vertical displacement provides a coupling of neighboring collector elements which is more flexurally stiff, and at the `~
same it ensures that the two connections (each comprised of a coupling rail member and a coupling qroove) do not suffer -~
o~erload. Moreover, the labyrinthine path which rainwater is re~uired to traverse in order to pass throu~h the seal re~ion is ~
substantially len~thened. , The sealing effectiveness of the described apparatus can be ;-~
further improved by providin~ at least one of the two couplin~
rail members in the region of the distal edge of its rail pro~ection with a recess which is bounded o~ both sides by a -~
respective narrow vane. ~ -Preferably ~he pairwise rail-and-~roove connections on a ;~
collector element are disposed on sides of the basic structural ''`-~`''' ~
~ 21393~4 -, .
body whicn are paraliel io the iine Ql intersection Ql the planes of successive collector- and ab~orber ch~nnels. H~wever, i~ is possible to provide analo~ous coupling elements on the two sides of the basic structural body which sides are transverse io the ~:
said sides, so as to provide means of couplinq the collector elements also in the direction transverse to the primary coupling direction and pro~ide a seal between said elements. One can achieve a practical form of coupling seal oy the ~ollowinq means: .
-- The pairwise rail-and-groove connections are provided only on the two lonqitudinal sides of the basic structural body ~which sides extend parallel to the iine of intersection of the planes o-E successive collector- and absorber channels); and -- A transversely extendinq wall step configuration is provided ~ .
on each of the two transverse sides of the basic structural body which sides extend transversely to said longitudinal sides, wherewith said wall.step is disposed between a lower- and an upper Iateral reqion of the wall of the basic structural body, wherewith the described wall configuration, together with the correspon~ing confiquration on the neiqh~orinq collector element, forms a channel with a width corresPondinq to twice the width of the step; and -- A sealing strip is inserted into said channel, which strip : :
covers the gap between the lower side reaions of the adjoinin~
basic structural bodies and extends across the width oî the channel; and said strip is comprised of elastic material, :~:
preferably silicone rub'oer.
~ . - . , ~ . . , ~. . . . .
21393~
.. . . . .
The desired seal in the re~ion of the transverse sides of the basic structural bodies is provided in a particularly si~ple and efficient manner if the length of the sealing strip ~ -corresponds to that of the overall channel in the solar collector apparatus which channel is formed by the individual successive said channels.
It is particularly noteworthy that according to a refinement ~., .
of the invention -~ Each basic structural body has at least one throughgoing recess in its lower region, which recess, in com~ination with the corresponding recess on the adjoinin~ ~asic structural body, delimits a throuqhqoinq openinq throuqh which fasteners, preferably comprising a threaded `oolt, for fixing the collector element to the support surface may pass; and -- The central strip-shapéd region (web member) ~oining the two --edge profiles of the sealing stri~ is sufficiently wide that in the state in which the said sealing strip is inserted in said channel it (said web member~ extends over the upper ~art of the fastener which projects ~eyond said opening. ;~
It has been found to be es~ecially advantaqeous when usinq ~;
sealing strips of this tYpe if, in the event the collector .
elements are disposed on the res~ective two inclined surfaces of an east-west roof up to the altitude of the ridge of the roof, a seaiing strip is employed havinq a central (web) region ~which ``~`~
region extends between the two ed~e profiles) the width of which reqion is such that said ~we~) reqion reliably spans said ridge.
6 ~`
21393~4 ~
~ or the purposes of manufacturin~ enqineerin~ and assemblY, it is advantageous i~ the wall step confiqu-rations and their associated recesses extend in planes which are --- at higher altitudes than the plane of the ~irst couplinq rail member and the.first couplin~ ~roove (which ~raove accommodates said member), and -- at lower altitudes than the plane of the second couplinq rail mem~er and the second coupling qroove (which groove accommodates said member).
Additional details, ad~antaqes, and features of ~he in~ention will ~e evident from the followinq description with reference to the accompanYin drawin~s; express reference is made to said drawinqs reqardinq an~ essential features not mentioned in the Specification.
Fiq. 1 is a perspective ~iew of the arranqement of ~he solar collector apparatus.mounted on a southern roof or an east-west roof;
Fiq. 2 is a cross section correspo.ndin~ to line II-II of Fiq. l; and Fi~. 3 i5 a cross section correspondin~ to line III-III of Fi~
The roof of the house shown schematically in Fi~. 1 has a surface inclined at c. 25 (from the horizontal~, and serves as a :~
su~port surface 2 for the solar collector a~paratuses 3 and 4, which apparatuses are illustrated only schematically. Collector ap~aratus 3 is mounted on the support surface 2 of the southern ~.
:. ~ . - .. - - . . .. . . . . .
21393~4 ``
?
roo~ cf the house section, with said apparatus ha~ing an .-east-west primary orientation; and collector apparatus 4 is ~.
. mounted on both support sur~aces o~ the east-west roof of the house section, with said apParatus naving a nortn-south primary orientation. In the persPective view illustrated, only the~.
: : apparatus 4 on the visi~le right-hand roof side is shown.
As shown schematically, each solar collector apparatus ~::
. .. ~
comprises a plurality of collector elements (S-8). Each such .:~
element has a base structure 3 comprisinq -- a plurality of "collector channels" r lo ] disposed in a plane : directed toward the sun and connectable to a heat transfer fluid ;~
network, and ~ ` -- a corresponding number of "absorber channels'l 11 disposed in : a plane oriented transverselY to the collector channels 10.
~ .......... . .' ' "'.......................... ''' ' ', , ~''.~.;''''''' : . . .
~L~thoE~ said r~ OE 1~ The rirst and second couplinq rail member ~lS, 16l are mounted so as to proiect downwardly on - : :
..,,~ ,~
21~344 the same side or the basic structure ~. The rirst and second ~'~"', couplin~ arooves (17~ 18) are disposed ~with the open sides of ',, their cross sectionsl upwardlY directed on the opposite side of ~,,' the basic structure 9. The altitudes o~ the first and couplinq "~
rails ~15: 16~ are mutually di~ferent, as are the altitudes a~
the associated ~irst and second coupling qrooves (17; 18). At least one of the two couplin~ rails (here, 15~ is provided with a ,;
recess 19 in the region OI its distal ed~e, w'nich recess is ' bounded on both lateral sides by a respective narrow vane.
As seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the dual couplin~ rails ~15~ 16) ,,~
and dual couplin~ grooves (17, 18) are provided only on the two lonqitudinal sides of the basic structure ~91, which sides extend ~""'~
parallel to the line of intersection of the planes (12, 13) of successive collector- and absorber channels. On each of the ,~
sides of the basic structure [91 which sides are transverse to ,~
said lonqitudinal sides, a stepped configuration 22 is prsvided which extends from the lower re~ion 20 to the upper reqion 21 of the wall of the basic structure 9. This wall step 22 along with the wall step 22' of the ad~oininq collector element forms a '~
,.
channel 23 with a width ea,ual to twice the width of the step. A ,~
:~' sealing strip 25 is inserted into this channel, which strip covers the ~ap 24 between the lower side re~ions (20, 20') of the ,' adjoininq basic structures r 9~. Strip 25 is comprised o~ elastic ','-material, e.~. silicone rubber. and has a length corresponding to ` ''' that of the overall channel in the solar collector apparatus which channel is ~ormed bY the individual successive channels 23.
~` ~
. . ~ . . .
, .
', ,~'.,.-:
21393~4 The lonqitudinal edqe re~ions or each seaiin~ strip 25 are in tne form of respective ed~e profiles (26, 26:), the cross sections of which match accommodatinq recesses (27, 27') in the wall steps ~22, 22'). It may be seen from ~iq. 3 that tne edqe profiies ~26, 2~'j or the sealinq strip 25 are hollow, and that in the em~odimant shown they have a rectanqular cross section with a ~idth correspondin~g to the width of the associated recess (27, 27 r) in the wall ste~s (22~ 22').
At least one throuqhgoing recess 2~3 is formed in the lower reqions of eacn basic structure 3, wnicn recess in combination with the correspondin~ recess 28' in the adjoininq basic structure forms a throuqhqoinq oPeninq~29 through which a threaded bolt 30 or other fastener for îixinq the collector .
elements to the support surface can be introduced. The central strip-shaped reqion (web member) joininq ths two edge profiles (26, 26') of the sealing strip 25 is sufficiently wide that in the state in which the strLp 2S is inserted in the channel 23 it (said web member) extends over the upper part of the bolt 30 which projects beyond the opening 23.
Fig. 3 illustrates the ordinary case in which the lower lateral regions (20, 20'~ of the basic structure 9 are brought tiqhtly together and in contact with each other. When the collector element is installed on the two inclined surfaces ~f an east-west roof up to tha altitude of the ridqe 31 of the roof~ of course such a contactin~ of the basic structures 9 of the collector elements in this manner is not Possible. NonetheLess ~, 2i3934~ ~
, ` :, .-,. ..
the ridqe reqion can be sealed easily and securely ! by installin~
a sealinq strip havin~ a width o~ the central strip-shaped (web) reqion between the edqe profiles which width assures that said (web) region extends over the ridge 31 of the roof.
The dimensional relationshi~s illustrated in Fiqs. 2 and 3 :~
show that the wall step confiqurations (22, 22') and the recesses (27, 27'~ extend in planes which are ~.
-- at higher altitudes than the plane of the first coupling rail member 15 and the first couplinq qroove 17 (which groove accommodates said mem~er 15), and -- at lower altitudes than the plane of tne second couplinq rail me~ber 16 and the second couplinq groove 18 ~which groove accommodates said mem~er 16). ~:
,; ;~'':
; . - :',' : ` , ,'', :~','',"
~. '., :;: ~
12 :~
` .
~ ;nown apparatuses or chis ~ype ~Ger. u~ 34 48~j are mounte~ exclus1veiy on the soutil~riy inclined roor reqions of so-caii~ed north-south roofs, with the collector channels and ab~ior~er on~Dneis exten~inq paraiiei to ~ne ridqe of ~ne roor.
The ooilector elements are mounted suc~ that the ed~e or the oasic siructural body whicn edae extends around the coupling groove is at a higher aititude than the downwardly projecting coupiin~ rail memDer oî tne same oasic structural ~ody. ~his confiquraiion and these mountinq means ~or the collector elements satisractoriiy provide tne desired seaiinq erfect.
However, if such known coliector elements are mounted at a 50 azimuth to the aroresaid orientation, namely if they are mounted on a so-calied easi-west roor, it nas been found tnat the --sealing erfect of the coupiinq rail mem~er and the coupling groove of correspondinq dimensions, wnicn groove is enqaqed by said raiî member, is dericient. Additional seaiina means are needed. ;;
The underlying proDlem of the present invention is to devise a solar coilector apparatus or the t~pe descri~ed above, wherewith the collector eiemenis o~ the apparaius can be disposed on either north-soutn roofs or on east-west roofs ~azimuthally rotated gOo with respect to north-south roors) without risk oî' ~--sealina-imperfections and withoui requiring speciai preparatory -worK to achieve a seai. ;
Thts problem is solved with ihe inventive solar collector apparatus, wnicn is disiin~uisned essentiaily in inai, at least ;~
2 ; ;
, 213g344 ,:,.
on the side of the oasic struciurai oody which side bears the .:
first cou~ling rail memDer (whicn member ~rojacts perpendicularly to the plane of the basic structural body), a second couplinq ~-rail mel~er is provided wnicn projects in ihe same said direction; and in that said second rail member is associated with a second couplin~ groove navinq dimensions corresponding to those of the second rail member, which second groove is disposed on the opposlte side of ihe basic structural body.
A solar collecior apparatus comprised of collector elements configured in this manner can be mounted on a north-sou~n roof or .:
on an eas~-west roof (wnich iaiier roof exiends at a 90 ~azimuthal) angle to nortn-south roofsj. Thus the described collector elemen~s allow use on any roor. ln addition, the .~
apparatus provides a perfec~ seal. Accordingl~, no specially . ;
adapted collector elements are required for individual ;;;
installations -- and thus ef~iciencies are afforded in the manuPacturing of the collector elements and the a~paratuses as a whole., without.re~ard to the shape or orientation of the roof on ~ ;
which they are to be used.
In connection with the invention it has been found to be very advantaqeous if -- both the first and second coupling rail members are mounted on a given side of the basic structural body, __ both couplin~ rail mem~ers project down~ard, and -- both the first and second coupling qrooves are disposed on ~
the opposite side of the basic tructural body ~from that of the :
!;, ~ . . ~
213934~
, c~uplina rail membersl and are confi~ure to na~e ineir open side direcied upward.
The rirs~ and second couplin~ rail members hoth extend îrom one and the same laterally Rroiecting ed~e member OI tne oasic .:
structural body, i.e. said rail members are generally in the same --`
plane. One can pr~vide a ~ore favorably stron~ and durable mutual anchoring of the collector elements by means distinguished - .
in tnat the first couplinq rail member is disposed at a different altitude from the second couplin~ rail ~ember, and the first - -~
CoUpliDq qroove (associated with the first couplinq rail member) is disposed at a different altitude from the second couplinq ;`.
groove ~associated with the second cou~linq rail member). This ~`~
vertical displacement provides a coupling of neighboring collector elements which is more flexurally stiff, and at the `~
same it ensures that the two connections (each comprised of a coupling rail member and a coupling qroove) do not suffer -~
o~erload. Moreover, the labyrinthine path which rainwater is re~uired to traverse in order to pass throu~h the seal re~ion is ~
substantially len~thened. , The sealing effectiveness of the described apparatus can be ;-~
further improved by providin~ at least one of the two couplin~
rail members in the region of the distal edge of its rail pro~ection with a recess which is bounded o~ both sides by a -~
respective narrow vane. ~ -Preferably ~he pairwise rail-and-~roove connections on a ;~
collector element are disposed on sides of the basic structural ''`-~`''' ~
~ 21393~4 -, .
body whicn are paraliel io the iine Ql intersection Ql the planes of successive collector- and ab~orber ch~nnels. H~wever, i~ is possible to provide analo~ous coupling elements on the two sides of the basic structural body which sides are transverse io the ~:
said sides, so as to provide means of couplinq the collector elements also in the direction transverse to the primary coupling direction and pro~ide a seal between said elements. One can achieve a practical form of coupling seal oy the ~ollowinq means: .
-- The pairwise rail-and-groove connections are provided only on the two lonqitudinal sides of the basic structural body ~which sides extend parallel to the iine of intersection of the planes o-E successive collector- and absorber channels); and -- A transversely extendinq wall step configuration is provided ~ .
on each of the two transverse sides of the basic structural body which sides extend transversely to said longitudinal sides, wherewith said wall.step is disposed between a lower- and an upper Iateral reqion of the wall of the basic structural body, wherewith the described wall configuration, together with the correspon~ing confiquration on the neiqh~orinq collector element, forms a channel with a width corresPondinq to twice the width of the step; and -- A sealing strip is inserted into said channel, which strip : :
covers the gap between the lower side reaions of the adjoinin~
basic structural bodies and extends across the width oî the channel; and said strip is comprised of elastic material, :~:
preferably silicone rub'oer.
~ . - . , ~ . . , ~. . . . .
21393~
.. . . . .
The desired seal in the re~ion of the transverse sides of the basic structural bodies is provided in a particularly si~ple and efficient manner if the length of the sealing strip ~ -corresponds to that of the overall channel in the solar collector apparatus which channel is formed by the individual successive said channels.
It is particularly noteworthy that according to a refinement ~., .
of the invention -~ Each basic structural body has at least one throughgoing recess in its lower region, which recess, in com~ination with the corresponding recess on the adjoinin~ ~asic structural body, delimits a throuqhqoinq openinq throuqh which fasteners, preferably comprising a threaded `oolt, for fixing the collector element to the support surface may pass; and -- The central strip-shapéd region (web member) ~oining the two --edge profiles of the sealing stri~ is sufficiently wide that in the state in which the said sealing strip is inserted in said channel it (said web member~ extends over the upper ~art of the fastener which projects ~eyond said opening. ;~
It has been found to be es~ecially advantaqeous when usinq ~;
sealing strips of this tYpe if, in the event the collector .
elements are disposed on the res~ective two inclined surfaces of an east-west roof up to the altitude of the ridge of the roof, a seaiing strip is employed havinq a central (web) region ~which ``~`~
region extends between the two ed~e profiles) the width of which reqion is such that said ~we~) reqion reliably spans said ridge.
6 ~`
21393~4 ~
~ or the purposes of manufacturin~ enqineerin~ and assemblY, it is advantageous i~ the wall step confiqu-rations and their associated recesses extend in planes which are --- at higher altitudes than the plane of the ~irst couplinq rail member and the.first couplin~ ~roove (which ~raove accommodates said member), and -- at lower altitudes than the plane of the second couplinq rail mem~er and the second coupling qroove (which groove accommodates said member).
Additional details, ad~antaqes, and features of ~he in~ention will ~e evident from the followinq description with reference to the accompanYin drawin~s; express reference is made to said drawinqs reqardinq an~ essential features not mentioned in the Specification.
Fiq. 1 is a perspective ~iew of the arranqement of ~he solar collector apparatus.mounted on a southern roof or an east-west roof;
Fiq. 2 is a cross section correspo.ndin~ to line II-II of Fiq. l; and Fi~. 3 i5 a cross section correspondin~ to line III-III of Fi~
The roof of the house shown schematically in Fi~. 1 has a surface inclined at c. 25 (from the horizontal~, and serves as a :~
su~port surface 2 for the solar collector a~paratuses 3 and 4, which apparatuses are illustrated only schematically. Collector ap~aratus 3 is mounted on the support surface 2 of the southern ~.
:. ~ . - .. - - . . .. . . . . .
21393~4 ``
?
roo~ cf the house section, with said apparatus ha~ing an .-east-west primary orientation; and collector apparatus 4 is ~.
. mounted on both support sur~aces o~ the east-west roof of the house section, with said apParatus naving a nortn-south primary orientation. In the persPective view illustrated, only the~.
: : apparatus 4 on the visi~le right-hand roof side is shown.
As shown schematically, each solar collector apparatus ~::
. .. ~
comprises a plurality of collector elements (S-8). Each such .:~
element has a base structure 3 comprisinq -- a plurality of "collector channels" r lo ] disposed in a plane : directed toward the sun and connectable to a heat transfer fluid ;~
network, and ~ ` -- a corresponding number of "absorber channels'l 11 disposed in : a plane oriented transverselY to the collector channels 10.
~ .......... . .' ' "'.......................... ''' ' ', , ~''.~.;''''''' : . . .
~L~thoE~ said r~ OE 1~ The rirst and second couplinq rail member ~lS, 16l are mounted so as to proiect downwardly on - : :
..,,~ ,~
21~344 the same side or the basic structure ~. The rirst and second ~'~"', couplin~ arooves (17~ 18) are disposed ~with the open sides of ',, their cross sectionsl upwardlY directed on the opposite side of ~,,' the basic structure 9. The altitudes o~ the first and couplinq "~
rails ~15: 16~ are mutually di~ferent, as are the altitudes a~
the associated ~irst and second coupling qrooves (17; 18). At least one of the two couplin~ rails (here, 15~ is provided with a ,;
recess 19 in the region OI its distal ed~e, w'nich recess is ' bounded on both lateral sides by a respective narrow vane.
As seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the dual couplin~ rails ~15~ 16) ,,~
and dual couplin~ grooves (17, 18) are provided only on the two lonqitudinal sides of the basic structure ~91, which sides extend ~""'~
parallel to the line of intersection of the planes (12, 13) of successive collector- and absorber channels. On each of the ,~
sides of the basic structure [91 which sides are transverse to ,~
said lonqitudinal sides, a stepped configuration 22 is prsvided which extends from the lower re~ion 20 to the upper reqion 21 of the wall of the basic structure 9. This wall step 22 along with the wall step 22' of the ad~oininq collector element forms a '~
,.
channel 23 with a width ea,ual to twice the width of the step. A ,~
:~' sealing strip 25 is inserted into this channel, which strip covers the ~ap 24 between the lower side re~ions (20, 20') of the ,' adjoininq basic structures r 9~. Strip 25 is comprised o~ elastic ','-material, e.~. silicone rubber. and has a length corresponding to ` ''' that of the overall channel in the solar collector apparatus which channel is ~ormed bY the individual successive channels 23.
~` ~
. . ~ . . .
, .
', ,~'.,.-:
21393~4 The lonqitudinal edqe re~ions or each seaiin~ strip 25 are in tne form of respective ed~e profiles (26, 26:), the cross sections of which match accommodatinq recesses (27, 27') in the wall steps ~22, 22'). It may be seen from ~iq. 3 that tne edqe profiies ~26, 2~'j or the sealinq strip 25 are hollow, and that in the em~odimant shown they have a rectanqular cross section with a ~idth correspondin~g to the width of the associated recess (27, 27 r) in the wall ste~s (22~ 22').
At least one throuqhgoing recess 2~3 is formed in the lower reqions of eacn basic structure 3, wnicn recess in combination with the correspondin~ recess 28' in the adjoininq basic structure forms a throuqhqoinq oPeninq~29 through which a threaded bolt 30 or other fastener for îixinq the collector .
elements to the support surface can be introduced. The central strip-shaped reqion (web member) joininq ths two edge profiles (26, 26') of the sealing strip 25 is sufficiently wide that in the state in which the strLp 2S is inserted in the channel 23 it (said web member) extends over the upper part of the bolt 30 which projects beyond the opening 23.
Fig. 3 illustrates the ordinary case in which the lower lateral regions (20, 20'~ of the basic structure 9 are brought tiqhtly together and in contact with each other. When the collector element is installed on the two inclined surfaces ~f an east-west roof up to tha altitude of the ridqe 31 of the roof~ of course such a contactin~ of the basic structures 9 of the collector elements in this manner is not Possible. NonetheLess ~, 2i3934~ ~
, ` :, .-,. ..
the ridqe reqion can be sealed easily and securely ! by installin~
a sealinq strip havin~ a width o~ the central strip-shaped (web) reqion between the edqe profiles which width assures that said (web) region extends over the ridge 31 of the roof.
The dimensional relationshi~s illustrated in Fiqs. 2 and 3 :~
show that the wall step confiqurations (22, 22') and the recesses (27, 27'~ extend in planes which are ~.
-- at higher altitudes than the plane of the first coupling rail member 15 and the first couplinq qroove 17 (which groove accommodates said mem~er 15), and -- at lower altitudes than the plane of tne second couplinq rail me~ber 16 and the second couplinq groove 18 ~which groove accommodates said mem~er 16). ~:
,; ;~'':
; . - :',' : ` , ,'', :~','',"
~. '., :;: ~
12 :~
` .
Claims (12)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:-
1. A solar collector apparatus comprised or a plurality of collector elements (5, 6, 7, 8) mountable on a (preferably inclined) support surface (2), e.g. a roof, which elements each comprise a basic structural body (9), wherewith the subject apparatus is comprised of - one or more collector channels which can be connected to a heat transfer fluid network and are each disposed in a plane (12) oriented toward the sun, and - (possibly) one or more absorber channels which are each disposed in a plane (13) oriented transversely to (the planes of) the collector channels;
wherewith the subject apparatus has the following features:
- For each collector element (5, 6, 7, 8), the lateral regions of at least two [sic] mutually parallel sides among the four sides of the basic structural body (9) of said collector element are each provided with a coupling rail member (15) which projects transversely with respect to the plane (14) of said basic structural body and which serves for mutual fixed anchoring (between structural elements of the described apparatus), as well as for sealing with respect to the support surface; and - The opposite side of the said basic structural body (9) is provided with a coupling groove (17) the [basic] dimensions of which correspond to those of the coupling rail member (15), which coupling groove serves to accommodate the coupling rail member (15) of the adjacent basic structural body (9);
characterized in that at least on the side of the basic structural body which side bears the first coupling rail member (15) (which member projects perpendicularly to the plane (14) of the basic structural body [(9)]), a second coupling rail member (16) is provided which projects in the same direction of projection as the first coupling rail member]; and in that a second coupling groove (18) is provided which is associated with the second rail member (16), and has dimensions corresponding to those of said second rail member, which second groove (18) is disposed on the opposite side of the basic structural body (9) from the side bearing the second rail member].
wherewith the subject apparatus has the following features:
- For each collector element (5, 6, 7, 8), the lateral regions of at least two [sic] mutually parallel sides among the four sides of the basic structural body (9) of said collector element are each provided with a coupling rail member (15) which projects transversely with respect to the plane (14) of said basic structural body and which serves for mutual fixed anchoring (between structural elements of the described apparatus), as well as for sealing with respect to the support surface; and - The opposite side of the said basic structural body (9) is provided with a coupling groove (17) the [basic] dimensions of which correspond to those of the coupling rail member (15), which coupling groove serves to accommodate the coupling rail member (15) of the adjacent basic structural body (9);
characterized in that at least on the side of the basic structural body which side bears the first coupling rail member (15) (which member projects perpendicularly to the plane (14) of the basic structural body [(9)]), a second coupling rail member (16) is provided which projects in the same direction of projection as the first coupling rail member]; and in that a second coupling groove (18) is provided which is associated with the second rail member (16), and has dimensions corresponding to those of said second rail member, which second groove (18) is disposed on the opposite side of the basic structural body (9) from the side bearing the second rail member].
2. A solar collector apparatus according to claim 1;
characterized in that both the first and second coupling rail members (15, 16) are mounted on a given side of the basic structural body (9), and said members project downward;
and in that bath the first and second coupling grooves (17, 18) are disposed on the opposite side of the basic structural body (9) (from that bearing the said rail members) and are configured to have their open side directed upward.
characterized in that both the first and second coupling rail members (15, 16) are mounted on a given side of the basic structural body (9), and said members project downward;
and in that bath the first and second coupling grooves (17, 18) are disposed on the opposite side of the basic structural body (9) (from that bearing the said rail members) and are configured to have their open side directed upward.
3. A solar collector apparatus according to claim 1 or 2;
characterized in that the first coupling rail member (15) is disposed at a different altitude from the second coupling rail member (16), and the first coupling groove (17) (associated with the first coupling rail member) is disposed at a different altitude from the second coupling groove (18) (associated with the second coupling rail member).
characterized in that the first coupling rail member (15) is disposed at a different altitude from the second coupling rail member (16), and the first coupling groove (17) (associated with the first coupling rail member) is disposed at a different altitude from the second coupling groove (18) (associated with the second coupling rail member).
4. A solar collector apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3; characterized in that at least one of the two coupling rail members (15) has, in the region of the distal edge of its rail projection, a recess (19) which is bounded on both sides by a respective narrow vane.
5. A solar collector apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4; characterized in that the pairwise rail-and-groove connections on a collector element are disposed on sides of the basic structural body which are parallel to the line of intersection of the planes (12, 13) of successive collector- and absorber channels;
further in that a transversely extending wall step configuration (22) is provided on each of the two transverse sides of the basic structural body which sides extend transversely to said longitudinal sides, wherewith said wall step is disposed between a lower- (20) and an upper [(21)] lateral region of the wall of the basic structural body (9), wherewith the described wall configuration, together with the corresponding configuration (22') on the neighboring collector element, forms a channel (23) with a width corresponding to twice the width [lit., "depth"] of the step;
and in that a sealing strip (25) is inserted into said channel, which strip covers the gap (24) between the lower side regions (20, 20') of the adjoining basic structural bodies [(9)] and extends across the width of the channel [(23)], and said strip is comprised of elastic material, preferably silicone rubber.
further in that a transversely extending wall step configuration (22) is provided on each of the two transverse sides of the basic structural body which sides extend transversely to said longitudinal sides, wherewith said wall step is disposed between a lower- (20) and an upper [(21)] lateral region of the wall of the basic structural body (9), wherewith the described wall configuration, together with the corresponding configuration (22') on the neighboring collector element, forms a channel (23) with a width corresponding to twice the width [lit., "depth"] of the step;
and in that a sealing strip (25) is inserted into said channel, which strip covers the gap (24) between the lower side regions (20, 20') of the adjoining basic structural bodies [(9)] and extends across the width of the channel [(23)], and said strip is comprised of elastic material, preferably silicone rubber.
6. A solar collector apparatus according to claim 5;
characterized in that the length of the sealing strip [(25)]
corresponds to that of the overall channel (in the described solar collector apparatus) which channel is formed by the individual successive said channels (23).
AMENDED GERMAN p. 13 SUPPLIED WITH PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
REPORT:
((Only the reference-back of Claim 11 changed. New version is underlined; old version is in double angle brackets << >>.))
characterized in that the length of the sealing strip [(25)]
corresponds to that of the overall channel (in the described solar collector apparatus) which channel is formed by the individual successive said channels (23).
AMENDED GERMAN p. 13 SUPPLIED WITH PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
REPORT:
((Only the reference-back of Claim 11 changed. New version is underlined; old version is in double angle brackets << >>.))
7. A solar collector apparatus according to claim 5 or 6;
characterized in that the sealing strip (25) undergoes a transition to a respective edge profile (26, 26'), in each longitudinal edge region of said strip, which edge profile has a relatively large cross section which corresponds to the cross section of a recess (27; 27') in the wall step (22; 22') which recess serves to accommodate said edge profile.
characterized in that the sealing strip (25) undergoes a transition to a respective edge profile (26, 26'), in each longitudinal edge region of said strip, which edge profile has a relatively large cross section which corresponds to the cross section of a recess (27; 27') in the wall step (22; 22') which recess serves to accommodate said edge profile.
8. A solar collector apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 7; characterized in that the edge profiles (26, 26') of the sealing strip (25) are hollow.
9. A solar collector apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 8; characterized in that the edge profiles (26, 26') each have a rectangular cross section with a width corresponding to the width of the associated recess (27, 27') in the wall step configuration (22, 22').
10. A solar collector apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 9; characterized in that each basic structural body (9) has at least one throughgoing recess (28) in its lower region, which recess, in combination with the corresponding recess (28') on the adjoining basic structural body, delimits a throughgoing opening (29) through which fasteners, preferably comprising a threaded bolt (30), for fixing the collector element to the support surface may pass; and - the central strip-shaped region (web member) joining the two edge profiles (26, 26') of the sealing strip (25) is sufficiently wide that in the state in which the said sealing strip is inserted in channel (23) it (said web member) extends over the upper part of the fastener which projects beyond said opening (29).
11. A solar collector apparatus according to claims 5 and 10 <<one of claims 1 to 10>>; characterized in that, if the collector elements are disposed on the respective two inclined surfaces of an east-west [End or amended Ger. p. 13.
###
roof up to the altitude of the ridge (31) of the roof, a sealing strip is employed having a central (web) region (which region extends between the two edge profiles [(26, 26')]) the width of which region is such that said (web) region reliably spans said ridge.
###
roof up to the altitude of the ridge (31) of the roof, a sealing strip is employed having a central (web) region (which region extends between the two edge profiles [(26, 26')]) the width of which region is such that said (web) region reliably spans said ridge.
12. A solar collector apparatus according claim 3 and one of claims 5 to 10; characterized in that the wall step configurations (22, 22') and their associated recesses (27, 27') extend in planes which are - at higher altitudes than the plane of the first coupling rail member (15) and the first coupling groove (17) (which groove accommodates said member), and - at lower altitudes than the plane of the second coupling rail member (16) and the second coupling groove (18) (which groove accommodates said member).
###
###
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4221633.8 | 1992-07-01 | ||
| DE4221633A DE4221633A1 (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1992-07-01 | Solar panel system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2139344A1 true CA2139344A1 (en) | 1994-01-20 |
Family
ID=6462262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002139344A Abandoned CA2139344A1 (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1993-06-23 | Solar energy collector |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0647306B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07509307A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE142769T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9306636A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2139344A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4221633A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2093439T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994001726A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4430215A1 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-03-07 | Prinz Gmbh | Frame and seal for multiple roof mounted solar collectors |
| US10673373B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2020-06-02 | Solarcity Corporation | Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2614145A1 (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1977-10-13 | Herbert Hess | Support frame for solar heating collectors - has multi flange members housing insulation and channel blocks and trapping glass panes |
| US4123883A (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1978-11-07 | Sunworks, Inc. | Solar energy collector |
| DE2905494A1 (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-08-21 | Albert Hufgard | Solar heat collector with flow channels - has locking devices and grooves along lengthwise edges and closing covers at ends of housing |
| DE3934485A1 (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-04-18 | Leonhard Kirchmayer | Solar energy collecting installation - comprises number of inclined collector channels with absorber backing units |
-
1992
- 1992-07-01 DE DE4221633A patent/DE4221633A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-06-23 AT AT93914707T patent/ATE142769T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-23 DE DE59303778T patent/DE59303778D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-23 ES ES93914707T patent/ES2093439T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-23 WO PCT/EP1993/001607 patent/WO1994001726A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-06-23 JP JP6502874A patent/JPH07509307A/en active Pending
- 1993-06-23 BR BR9306636A patent/BR9306636A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-06-23 CA CA002139344A patent/CA2139344A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-06-23 EP EP93914707A patent/EP0647306B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE142769T1 (en) | 1996-09-15 |
| ES2093439T3 (en) | 1996-12-16 |
| JPH07509307A (en) | 1995-10-12 |
| EP0647306A1 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| EP0647306B1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
| DE4221633A1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| WO1994001726A1 (en) | 1994-01-20 |
| DE59303778D1 (en) | 1996-10-17 |
| BR9306636A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |