CA2135146C - Chipper knife - Google Patents
Chipper knifeInfo
- Publication number
- CA2135146C CA2135146C CA002135146A CA2135146A CA2135146C CA 2135146 C CA2135146 C CA 2135146C CA 002135146 A CA002135146 A CA 002135146A CA 2135146 A CA2135146 A CA 2135146A CA 2135146 C CA2135146 C CA 2135146C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- knife
- chipper
- holding means
- chip
- grooves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
Abstract
A chipper apparatus including a rotating disc with one or more knife assemblies mounted on the disc operable to produce wood chips by the cutting action of the knives. Each knife comprises an elongated knife body with cutting edges forming its opposite edges.
Each cutting edge includes a contact surface for breaking apart and deflecting chips. The knife assembly includes interlocking keys for adjustably positioning the knife in relation to a counter knife beneath the knife which has multiple parallel key grooves. The adjustable positioning of the knife permits incremental resharpening of the knife cutting edges.
Each cutting edge includes a contact surface for breaking apart and deflecting chips. The knife assembly includes interlocking keys for adjustably positioning the knife in relation to a counter knife beneath the knife which has multiple parallel key grooves. The adjustable positioning of the knife permits incremental resharpening of the knife cutting edges.
Description
CHIPPER RNIFE
This invention relates to a knife used in a wood chipper such as a rotatable disc type with a plurality of circumferentially spaced chip openings through the disc.
Wood chippers having rotatable cutters, or drums, or rotatable chipping discs with openings through which chips may pass, and fitted with double-edged knives are known in the art.
A single reshaping of the knife blade, involving the removal of material from one or both of the edge surfaces forming the cutting edges of a double-edged knife (known in the art as counter grinding), is often the only reshaping or resharpening of a knife blade bèfore it is discarded.
One aspect of the geometry of knives is that knives having a large wedge angle, i.e., the angle between the two surfàces converging to the cutting edge, remain sharper longer and therefore are more popular. However, the larger wedge angle6 are more likely to cut a chip by shearing the chip from the incoming material rather than by cleavage. More force is required to sever chips by shearing than by cleavage, and thus more power is required for operation of a disc chipper having knives with larger wedge angles.
~ Another problem i6 the penetration of chip particles between the knife and the knife holding means beneath the knife, typically a counter knife, that can cause excessive pressure on the knife which may bend it.
:. 1 The invention provides a novel knife and knife-holding means for a chipper. The knife i6 double-edged, each cutting edge comprising an upper surface, preferably a standing bevel, and an under surface converging and intersecting to form a cutting edge. Additionally the knife includes a chip-deflecting surface forming the part of the under surface remote from the cutting edge which deflects and breaks chip material cut by the knife cutting edge.
The benefits of the invention can be provided in a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and an under surface and having a bottom, by the improvement comprising a chip-deflecting surface extending between the under surface and the bottom of the knif-e and forming a depression with the under surface for breaking chips and deflecting them prior to passing beyond the bottom - surface of the knife.
The chip-deflecting surface breaks chips and deflects them so as to plevenL the penetration of chip particles between the knife and the knife holding means beneath the knife, such as a counter knife, and preferably so that the chips do not strike the knife holding means which decreases wear on the knife holding means.
Means for holding the knife can be provided in a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and an under surface, ... . .-,_~. , - and the knife having a bottom, in combination with knife holding means beneath the knife and having a top, by the i ,ov~ ?nt comprising the chipper knife having in its bottom a groove extending parallel to its ~ . '~
213~146 cutting edge, the knife holding means having in its top a groove parallel to said chipper knife groove, and a key fitting in said chipper knife groove and said knife holding means groove for securing the chipper knife to the knife holding means against --ve --t of the chipper knife relative to the knife holding means in a direction transversely of said grooves.
In drawings which illustrate emko~ s of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a cross section of a reusable knife and its associated holding means;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross section of a knife and its associated holding means;
FIG. 3 is a partial top plan of the counter knife used in the knife holding means of FIG. 1.
The knife of the present invention is illustrated as being used in a disc type wood or log chipper as shown in FIG. 1, but it could be used in a drum chipper or rotary knife chipper. The materials to be chipped, such as logs, are fed at an angle to the rotating disc. The chips pass through radially elongated openings 106 in the disc 92 adjàcent to the knives to be expelled from the chipper.
Each knife ~s- ~ly includes a knife 10 or radial series of knives placed end to end, and knife holding means including knife seat 70, counter knife 30, and knife clamp 50. Each knife A~' - bly is lodged in a recess 94 in disc 92 adjacent to a radially elongated opening 106 through the disc. ~he knife seat has an elongated body with a platform 72 thereon for placement of the counter knife 30, and a support 74 for " ~ the knife clamp 50. The platform 72 has in it a blind - 2135~6 bore threaded to receive a fastener such as a cap screw 104 for mounting the counter knife.
The counter knife 30 has a bottom surface 36 in contact with the knife seat platform 72, a top surface 34 for engagement by the bottom surface 13 of the knife body 10, an inner end 40 abutting a shoulder in the knife seat platform 72, a recess 42 to receive the head of the mounting screw 104, and longitu~inal recesses 46 for placement of interlocking means or keys 90 engaged between knife 10 and counter knife 30.
The grooves 46 in the top 34 of the counter knife 30 are preferably of rectangular cross section and are arranged in sets. Typically each outer set closer to the ends 44' of the counter knife includes grooves 46' and each inner set farther from the ends 44' of the counter knife includes grooves 46" as shown in FIG. 3. The grooves 46' and 46N of both sets are parallel to the edge 42' of the counter knife underlying the knife and to the main longitu~inAI axis of the counter knife. The grooves 46" of the inner set are staggered in relation to the grooves 46' of the outer set of grooves. The distance between ad~acent grooves of each set can be very small, such as approximately 1j8 of an inch on centers and the distance between the centers of the grooves in one set and the centers of the grooves in the other set transversely of the groove length will be 1/16 of an inch as shown in FIG. 3. The different sets of y~Go~es 46' and 46" represent different positions for the knife that i6 interlocked with the counter knife by keys 90 fitting in the grooves 23 in the bottom 13 of the knife so as to permit position changes corresponding to small amounts of material, about 1/16 of an inch, to be removed from the knife cutting edges during - resharpening.
After a knife edge has been resharpened, the knife will be assembled with the counter knife as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and two keys 90 will be placed in the grooves 23 in the bottom 13 of the knife 10 and in corresponding grooves 46' of the outer sets of yLooves or in corresponding grooves 46" of the inner sets of grooves in the top surface 34 of the counter knife 30, depending upon the desired degree of projection of the knife edge beyond the counter knife edge 42 as indicated in FIG. 1. Initially the keys will be placed in grooves 46' or 46" farther from the edge of the counter knife, and the keys will be moved toward the counter knife edge progressively, first in grooves 46', then in grooves 46", then back to grooves 46', until the knife edge has been resharpened as many times as possible. At that point, the keys 90 will be located in the grooves 46' closest to the edge of the counter knife 30 as shown in FIG. 1.
The dash-dot lines extending to the left of knife 10 in FIG. 1 represent the profile of a new knife prior to any use or regrinding. Subsequent regrinds make the knife narrower and naLLo~/er as both edges are resharpened until it is reduced to the knife 10 shown in solid lines in FIG. 1. Once the edges of the knife shown in solid lines in ~IG. 1 are completely dulled, the knife is discarded.
The double-edged knife 10 comprises an elongated body having cutting edges on its opposite edges. The body of the knife has a top surface 11 and , '".',_ ,J''....
~_ ''.,''`~
213~146 a bottom surface 13 as shown in FIG. 2. Each cutting edge has an upper surface 15 or 15', preferably a standing bevel at an obtuse angle to the top surface 11, which projects beyond and preferably is inclined slightly relative to the plane of the disc. Each - cutting edge additionally has an under surface 17 or 17', which may be an under bevel. The intersection of the convergent upper and under surfaces forms the cutting edge of the knife and the included angle between the upper surface and the under surface defines the wedge angle of the knife.
The knife further includes a chip-deflecting - surface 21 or 21' between the under surface 17 or 17' and the bottom surface 13 of the knife which terminates - 15 in a heel remote from the cutting edge of the knife.
Such chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' merges with the under surface 17 or 17' of the knife so as to form a depression which may be a reentrant angle as shown in FIG. 2. The inclination of the under surface or under 20 bevel 17 or 17' in relation to the bottom surface 13 may vary from o degrees to 20 degrees, making the included angle from 180 degrees to 160 degrees, and the inclination of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' to the bottom surface 13 may vary from 20 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the included angle would be 160 degrees to 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 2, but should always be greater than the angle be~ween the under surface or under bevel 17 or 17' and the bottom surface 13 so that the surface 17 or 17' will be offset from - 30 the bottom surface 13 of the knife. The depth of the depression between the cutting edge and the heel of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' is approximately one-213~146 fifth to one-third of the thickness of the knife between the heel of the chip-deflecting surface and the upper surface 15.
The purpose of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' is to break apart chips cut by the cutting edge of the knife and to deflect the chips toward the discharge slot 106 and away from the end surface 32 of the knife holding means or counter knife beneath the knife so as to prevent chip material from wedging into the joint between the knife and the counter knife beneath the knife. The knife holding means edge 42' is set back from the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' so as to i ni i ze the chip material striking the knife holding means.
Additionally, the knife can include a fourth surface 19 or 19' between the upper surface 15 and the under surface 17 or 17' to increase the wedge angle of ` the knife locally at the apex of the cutting edge.
The knife is held in position by the knife clamp 50 as shown in FIG. 1. The knife clamp has a knife engagement surface 54 contacting the knife top surface 11. The knife clamp is secured to the disc 92 by a fastener such as a screw 102 as shown in FIG. 1.
Following resharpening of the knife, the interlocking means or keys 90 would be repositioned in the grooves of the counter knife 30 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to advance the now narrower knife by moving the knife laterally relative to its longit~inAl axiæ and cutting edge. This process could be repeated each time the knife cutting edges are resharpened. A plurality - - ~ of grooves in the counter knife as shown in FIG. 3 .
21~146 permit this process to be repea~ed as many times a5 tberç are grooves in a set 46' and in a set 46".
The degree of inclination of the chip-deflecting surfaçe 21 could be al~ered during resharpening of the cutting edge and thus affect the breaking force and chip deflection provided by contaçt of the chips with suçh surface. The setback of the heel of the chip-deflecting surface from the cutting edge could also be altered indepçndently of the degree of narrowing of the knife effected by sharpening of the cutting edge.
This invention relates to a knife used in a wood chipper such as a rotatable disc type with a plurality of circumferentially spaced chip openings through the disc.
Wood chippers having rotatable cutters, or drums, or rotatable chipping discs with openings through which chips may pass, and fitted with double-edged knives are known in the art.
A single reshaping of the knife blade, involving the removal of material from one or both of the edge surfaces forming the cutting edges of a double-edged knife (known in the art as counter grinding), is often the only reshaping or resharpening of a knife blade bèfore it is discarded.
One aspect of the geometry of knives is that knives having a large wedge angle, i.e., the angle between the two surfàces converging to the cutting edge, remain sharper longer and therefore are more popular. However, the larger wedge angle6 are more likely to cut a chip by shearing the chip from the incoming material rather than by cleavage. More force is required to sever chips by shearing than by cleavage, and thus more power is required for operation of a disc chipper having knives with larger wedge angles.
~ Another problem i6 the penetration of chip particles between the knife and the knife holding means beneath the knife, typically a counter knife, that can cause excessive pressure on the knife which may bend it.
:. 1 The invention provides a novel knife and knife-holding means for a chipper. The knife i6 double-edged, each cutting edge comprising an upper surface, preferably a standing bevel, and an under surface converging and intersecting to form a cutting edge. Additionally the knife includes a chip-deflecting surface forming the part of the under surface remote from the cutting edge which deflects and breaks chip material cut by the knife cutting edge.
The benefits of the invention can be provided in a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and an under surface and having a bottom, by the improvement comprising a chip-deflecting surface extending between the under surface and the bottom of the knif-e and forming a depression with the under surface for breaking chips and deflecting them prior to passing beyond the bottom - surface of the knife.
The chip-deflecting surface breaks chips and deflects them so as to plevenL the penetration of chip particles between the knife and the knife holding means beneath the knife, such as a counter knife, and preferably so that the chips do not strike the knife holding means which decreases wear on the knife holding means.
Means for holding the knife can be provided in a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and an under surface, ... . .-,_~. , - and the knife having a bottom, in combination with knife holding means beneath the knife and having a top, by the i ,ov~ ?nt comprising the chipper knife having in its bottom a groove extending parallel to its ~ . '~
213~146 cutting edge, the knife holding means having in its top a groove parallel to said chipper knife groove, and a key fitting in said chipper knife groove and said knife holding means groove for securing the chipper knife to the knife holding means against --ve --t of the chipper knife relative to the knife holding means in a direction transversely of said grooves.
In drawings which illustrate emko~ s of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a cross section of a reusable knife and its associated holding means;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross section of a knife and its associated holding means;
FIG. 3 is a partial top plan of the counter knife used in the knife holding means of FIG. 1.
The knife of the present invention is illustrated as being used in a disc type wood or log chipper as shown in FIG. 1, but it could be used in a drum chipper or rotary knife chipper. The materials to be chipped, such as logs, are fed at an angle to the rotating disc. The chips pass through radially elongated openings 106 in the disc 92 adjàcent to the knives to be expelled from the chipper.
Each knife ~s- ~ly includes a knife 10 or radial series of knives placed end to end, and knife holding means including knife seat 70, counter knife 30, and knife clamp 50. Each knife A~' - bly is lodged in a recess 94 in disc 92 adjacent to a radially elongated opening 106 through the disc. ~he knife seat has an elongated body with a platform 72 thereon for placement of the counter knife 30, and a support 74 for " ~ the knife clamp 50. The platform 72 has in it a blind - 2135~6 bore threaded to receive a fastener such as a cap screw 104 for mounting the counter knife.
The counter knife 30 has a bottom surface 36 in contact with the knife seat platform 72, a top surface 34 for engagement by the bottom surface 13 of the knife body 10, an inner end 40 abutting a shoulder in the knife seat platform 72, a recess 42 to receive the head of the mounting screw 104, and longitu~inal recesses 46 for placement of interlocking means or keys 90 engaged between knife 10 and counter knife 30.
The grooves 46 in the top 34 of the counter knife 30 are preferably of rectangular cross section and are arranged in sets. Typically each outer set closer to the ends 44' of the counter knife includes grooves 46' and each inner set farther from the ends 44' of the counter knife includes grooves 46" as shown in FIG. 3. The grooves 46' and 46N of both sets are parallel to the edge 42' of the counter knife underlying the knife and to the main longitu~inAI axis of the counter knife. The grooves 46" of the inner set are staggered in relation to the grooves 46' of the outer set of grooves. The distance between ad~acent grooves of each set can be very small, such as approximately 1j8 of an inch on centers and the distance between the centers of the grooves in one set and the centers of the grooves in the other set transversely of the groove length will be 1/16 of an inch as shown in FIG. 3. The different sets of y~Go~es 46' and 46" represent different positions for the knife that i6 interlocked with the counter knife by keys 90 fitting in the grooves 23 in the bottom 13 of the knife so as to permit position changes corresponding to small amounts of material, about 1/16 of an inch, to be removed from the knife cutting edges during - resharpening.
After a knife edge has been resharpened, the knife will be assembled with the counter knife as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and two keys 90 will be placed in the grooves 23 in the bottom 13 of the knife 10 and in corresponding grooves 46' of the outer sets of yLooves or in corresponding grooves 46" of the inner sets of grooves in the top surface 34 of the counter knife 30, depending upon the desired degree of projection of the knife edge beyond the counter knife edge 42 as indicated in FIG. 1. Initially the keys will be placed in grooves 46' or 46" farther from the edge of the counter knife, and the keys will be moved toward the counter knife edge progressively, first in grooves 46', then in grooves 46", then back to grooves 46', until the knife edge has been resharpened as many times as possible. At that point, the keys 90 will be located in the grooves 46' closest to the edge of the counter knife 30 as shown in FIG. 1.
The dash-dot lines extending to the left of knife 10 in FIG. 1 represent the profile of a new knife prior to any use or regrinding. Subsequent regrinds make the knife narrower and naLLo~/er as both edges are resharpened until it is reduced to the knife 10 shown in solid lines in FIG. 1. Once the edges of the knife shown in solid lines in ~IG. 1 are completely dulled, the knife is discarded.
The double-edged knife 10 comprises an elongated body having cutting edges on its opposite edges. The body of the knife has a top surface 11 and , '".',_ ,J''....
~_ ''.,''`~
213~146 a bottom surface 13 as shown in FIG. 2. Each cutting edge has an upper surface 15 or 15', preferably a standing bevel at an obtuse angle to the top surface 11, which projects beyond and preferably is inclined slightly relative to the plane of the disc. Each - cutting edge additionally has an under surface 17 or 17', which may be an under bevel. The intersection of the convergent upper and under surfaces forms the cutting edge of the knife and the included angle between the upper surface and the under surface defines the wedge angle of the knife.
The knife further includes a chip-deflecting - surface 21 or 21' between the under surface 17 or 17' and the bottom surface 13 of the knife which terminates - 15 in a heel remote from the cutting edge of the knife.
Such chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' merges with the under surface 17 or 17' of the knife so as to form a depression which may be a reentrant angle as shown in FIG. 2. The inclination of the under surface or under 20 bevel 17 or 17' in relation to the bottom surface 13 may vary from o degrees to 20 degrees, making the included angle from 180 degrees to 160 degrees, and the inclination of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' to the bottom surface 13 may vary from 20 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the included angle would be 160 degrees to 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 2, but should always be greater than the angle be~ween the under surface or under bevel 17 or 17' and the bottom surface 13 so that the surface 17 or 17' will be offset from - 30 the bottom surface 13 of the knife. The depth of the depression between the cutting edge and the heel of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' is approximately one-213~146 fifth to one-third of the thickness of the knife between the heel of the chip-deflecting surface and the upper surface 15.
The purpose of the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' is to break apart chips cut by the cutting edge of the knife and to deflect the chips toward the discharge slot 106 and away from the end surface 32 of the knife holding means or counter knife beneath the knife so as to prevent chip material from wedging into the joint between the knife and the counter knife beneath the knife. The knife holding means edge 42' is set back from the chip-deflecting surface 21 or 21' so as to i ni i ze the chip material striking the knife holding means.
Additionally, the knife can include a fourth surface 19 or 19' between the upper surface 15 and the under surface 17 or 17' to increase the wedge angle of ` the knife locally at the apex of the cutting edge.
The knife is held in position by the knife clamp 50 as shown in FIG. 1. The knife clamp has a knife engagement surface 54 contacting the knife top surface 11. The knife clamp is secured to the disc 92 by a fastener such as a screw 102 as shown in FIG. 1.
Following resharpening of the knife, the interlocking means or keys 90 would be repositioned in the grooves of the counter knife 30 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to advance the now narrower knife by moving the knife laterally relative to its longit~inAl axiæ and cutting edge. This process could be repeated each time the knife cutting edges are resharpened. A plurality - - ~ of grooves in the counter knife as shown in FIG. 3 .
21~146 permit this process to be repea~ed as many times a5 tberç are grooves in a set 46' and in a set 46".
The degree of inclination of the chip-deflecting surfaçe 21 could be al~ered during resharpening of the cutting edge and thus affect the breaking force and chip deflection provided by contaçt of the chips with suçh surface. The setback of the heel of the chip-deflecting surface from the cutting edge could also be altered indepçndently of the degree of narrowing of the knife effected by sharpening of the cutting edge.
Claims (13)
1. In a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and An under surface and having a bottom, the improvement comprising a chip-deflecting surface extendinq between the under surface and the bottom of the knife and forming a depression with the under surface for breaking chips and deflecting them prior to passing beyond the bottom surface of the knife.
2. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, the under surface being an under bevel.
3. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, the chip-deflecting surface of the knife forming an included angle with the bottom of the knife which is smaller than the included angle between the under surface of the knife and the bottom of the knife.
4. In the chipper knife defined in claim 3, the included angle between the chip-deflecting surface and the bottom of the knife being within the range of 160 degrees to 90 degrees.
5. In the chipper knife defined in claim 4, the included angle between the chip-deflecting surface and the bottom of the knife being approximately 150 degrees.
6. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, the depression formed by the under surface and the chip-deflecting surface including a reentrant angle.
7. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, claim 3 or claim 6, the depression formed by the under surface and the chip-deflecting surface having a depth approximately one-fifth to one-third of the thickness of the knife between the upper surface and the end of the chip-deflecting surface remote from the cutting edge.
8. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, knife holding means beneath the chipper knife set back from the chip-deflecting surface to minimize chips deflected by the chip-deflecting surface striking such knife holding means.
9. In the chipper knife defined in claim 1, the chipper knife bottom having a groove extending parallel to the cutting edge, knife holding means beneath the chipper knife having a top with a groove parallel to said groove in the chipper knife, and a key fitting in said chipper knife groove and said knife holding means groove for securing the chipper knife in predetermined relationship to said knife holding means.
10. In the chipper knife and knife holding means defined in claim 9, the knife holding means top having a plurality of parallel grooves for receiving the key.
11. In the chipper knife and knife holding means defined in claim 10, the top of the knife holding means having two sets of parallel grooves arranged in staggered relationship so that the grooves of one set are offset transversely of the their lengths relative to the grooves of the other set.
12. In a chipper knife having a cutting edge formed by the intersection of an upper surface and an under surface, and the knife having a bottom, in combination with knife holding means beneath the knife and having a top, the improvement comprising the chipper knife having in its bottom a groove extending parallel to its cutting edge, the knife holding means having in its top a groove parallel to said chipper knife groove, and a key fitting in said chipper knife groove and said knife holding means groove for securing the chipper knife to the knife holding means against movement of the chipper knife relative to the knife holding means in a direction transversely of said grooves.
13. In the chipper knife and knife holding means combination defined in claim 12, the top of the knife holding means having in it two sets of grooves offset lengthwise of said grooves in said groove sets, and the grooves in said two sets being staggered transversely of their length.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002135146A CA2135146C (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Chipper knife |
| US08/406,083 US5564967A (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1995-03-17 | Method for sharpening a chipper knife |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002135146A CA2135146C (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Chipper knife |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2135146A1 CA2135146A1 (en) | 1996-05-05 |
| CA2135146C true CA2135146C (en) | 1998-10-13 |
Family
ID=4154609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002135146A Expired - Fee Related CA2135146C (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1994-11-04 | Chipper knife |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2135146C (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-11-04 CA CA002135146A patent/CA2135146C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2135146A1 (en) | 1996-05-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |