CA2133618A1 - Halogen-free resilient flooring - Google Patents
Halogen-free resilient flooringInfo
- Publication number
- CA2133618A1 CA2133618A1 CA002133618A CA2133618A CA2133618A1 CA 2133618 A1 CA2133618 A1 CA 2133618A1 CA 002133618 A CA002133618 A CA 002133618A CA 2133618 A CA2133618 A CA 2133618A CA 2133618 A1 CA2133618 A1 CA 2133618A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flooring
- weight
- composition
- ethylene
- free
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0869—Acids or derivatives thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08L2666/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons; Derivatives thereof
Abstract
A resilient flooring includes a halogen-free, filled, thermoplastic polymer composition. The composition includes a copolymer of ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid and a filler. The composition is substantially free of metal-containing stabilizers and liquid plasticizer, as well as, fibrous material and unsaturated elastomer. The composition may include a modifying resin such as a copolymer of ethylene/vinyl acetate.
Description
` - ~ 2133618 HALOGEN-FREE RESILIENT FLOORING
The present invention is directed to a halogen-free resilient flooring. In particular, the invention i~
directed to a halogen-free resilient floor tile which is free of metal-containing stabilizers and free of liquid plasticizers.
The most frequently used polymers in the preparation of resilient flooring are polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and vinyl chloride copolymers, principally copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. The art of compounding and processing PVC-based compositions is well understood.
The processing and forming of PVC-based compositions is greatly facilitated by the use of plasticizing additive~. Esters of phthalic acid, such as di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP), are commonly used. The use of such plasticizing additive~ also facilitates the incorporation of high levels (up to about 80~ by weight) of fillers and pigments and affords finished compositions with an acceptable degree of flexibility and resiliency.
PVC resins generally require the u~e of stabilizing additives to prevent discoloration resulting from thermally induced decomposition of the resin during - proce~sing. The use of stabilizing additives also helps to prolong the useful life of a PVC-based product by continuing to prevent degradation induced by heat or by light during the service life of the product. These stabilizing ... ..........................
addltlves typically include metal containing compounds such as the barium, zinc, and cadmium salts of organic aclds (e.g. stearic acid) and organotin compounds.
The necessary use of these additive materials can create a variety of undesirable problems in composite flooring structures. As one example, in a flooring structure in which a plasticized PVC composition is protected by a clear unplasticized coating, migration of the plAsticizer from the PVC composition into the protective clear coating can soften the coating and thereby lessen its protective capabilities.
; A second undesirable situation arises from the need to use metal-containing additives. The forced combustion of PVC-based compositions, as in an incinerator, results in the creation of volatile and hazardous metal-containing pollutants.
Other undesirable conditions are also created when PVC-based compositions burn as might occur in a fire situation. The combustion of such materials can result in the evolution of dense smoke which can contribute to a hazardous condition at times when visibility is important.
Furthermore, halogen-containing products of combustion, such as hydrogen chloride, can be formed, thereby adding a further element of hazard to a fire situation.
Halogen-free floor coverings have been proposed such as in White, U.S. Patent No. 3,336,254. However, such a halogen-free floor covering required an unsaturated elastomer component to impart resiliency and fibers to .:
strengthen and relnforce the floor tile as well as enhance dlmensional stabillty and lmpact strength.
Schumacher, U.S. Patent No. 4,430,468, discloses a halogen-free, fllled, thermoplastic polymer composition for use in automotive carpets and the backing of the fabrlc or scrlm used to cover the interior panels of an automobile.
There is no sugge~tion ln Schumacher of using the composition to form a resilient floor covering. In fact, not all of the compositions disclosed in Schumacher are useful in resilient floor coverings.
In accordance with the invention, the resilient flooring is made from a halogen-free, filled, thermoplastic polymer composition which utilizes copolymers of ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid. As used herein, "(mQth)acrylic acid" means acrylic acid and/or copolymer methacrylic acid.
The ethylene content of the ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid should be from about 40% to about 95% by weight.
The floor coverings may be highly filled having about 60% to about 90% by weight of filler or extender.
Typical fillers include calcium carbonate, clays, fumed silica and aluminum hydroxlde (alumina trihydrate).
Other synthetic thermopla~tic resins may be added to facilitate processing and to modify the properties of the final floor covering. For example, a copolymer of ethylQne and vinyl acetate may be used as a modifying resin. The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer should be from about 60% to about 91% by weight. Further, conventional plgments to provide desired colors and other additives may be u~ed.
The resilient flooring of the present invention meets the requirements of Federal Specificatlon SS-T-312B
(INTERIM AMENDMENT 14 November 1979~, which is incorporated by reference. Specifically, the re~ilient flooring meets the indentation at 73.4F (23C) te~t, the indentatlon at 115F (23C) test, the re~idual indentation test, and the volatlle 1O~8 test. The lndentatlon at 23C test requlres the reslllent floorlng to have a mlnlmum lndentatlon of 0.006 inch and a maxlmum indentation of 0.015 inch after a 30 pound load is applied for one minute through a 1/4 inch diameter spherical tip and the floorlng 18 at about 23C.
The residual indentation test requires the resilient flooring to have a maximum residual indentation of 8% after a load of 140 pounds 18 applied for 10 mlnutes through a cyllndrlcal tlp with a diameter of 0.178 inch and 18 allowed to recover for one hour under an 8 ounce load applied through a 0.125 inch cylindrical tip and the flooring 18 at about 23C.
For most applications reslllent floorlng structures are required to pass tests intended to reflect their performance in a fire situation. Of the three basic mechanisms commonly employed to impart fire retardancy to plastics compositions, the incorporation of agents whlch wlll undergo an endothermic release of water is most - appropriate for the pre~ent invention. Aluminum hydroxide is the most commonly used of these agents. Other agents ~ 2133618 that could be considered are magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide and inorganic salts bearing water of hydration as may be appropriate for processing and the requisite fire test.
The flooring includes halogen-free compositions which have properties and functional characteristics generally equivalent to those of Type IV vinyl composition tlle. The compositions contain thermoplastic synthetic organic resins, singly or in combination, in amounts ranging from about 10% by weight to about 50~ by weight of the total weight of composition, preferably about 12% to about 30%.
They contain mineral flllers, extenders, and plgment~ in amounts ranging from about 50% by weight to about 90% by weight of the total composition weight, preferably about 70%
to about 88~.
The indivldual ingredlent~ in a formula may be weighed into a container and the content~ of the container charged to an appropriate plastics mixing device. In the mixing device, the resinous portion of the composition is brought to a molten state and the mineral filler and other components are uniformly dispersed throughout the plastic melt.
When dispersion i~ complete, the homoyeneo~s mass is transferred to the nip of a two-roll mill where it is passed between the mill rolls to form a sheet.
Subsequently, the sheet may be pa~sed between the rolls of one, or more, calendering device to provide a smoother surface and to ad~ust the thickness of the sheet ~o a .~, .
.. . ., ....... ~ . ..........
de8ired end value. The sheet may then be allowed to cool as necessary and tiles of a desired size;and shape may cut from it using a die or other convenient method.
Example 1 One specific embodiment is represented by the formula listed below:
Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer8.75 parts by weight Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer 6.75 parts by weight Coarsely ground calcium carbonate 63.00 parts by weight 10 Finely ground calcium carbonate21.00 parts by weight Rutile titanium dioxide1.00 part by weight Antioxidant 0.03 part by weight The ethylene content of the ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer was about 94%. The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer was about 75% by weight.
A quantity of the above formula was prepared by weighing the respective ingredients in the above proportions. The total batch was charged into a steam-~acketed Banbury mixer and mixed until the charge reached a 20 temperature in the range of 280F to 320F. The mix was di8charged onto a two-roll mill and pa8sed between the rollers to form a discrete sheet approximately 1/8 inch in thickness. After cooling to approximately ambient temperature, the sheet was die-cut into 9 inch by 9 inch (9" x 9") squares.
Example 2 A second specific embodiment of the invention is represented by the formula listed below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 15 parts by weight 30 Coarsely ground calcium carbonate 63 parts by weight Finely ground calcium carbonate 21 parts by weight ~utlle tltanlum dioxlde1 part by welght ., .
The ethylene content of the ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was about 94% by weight.
The preparation and processlng of this second example followed exactly that described for the fir6t example above. Alternatively, the mixing device was a steam-~acketed, open mixer, less intensive than a Banbury.
In all other respects, the procedure and processing remained the same as in the first example.
Example 3 A third specific embodiment of the inventlon 18 represented by the formula li~ted below:
Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer 11.5 parts by weight Coarsely ground limestone 78.6 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide 10.0 parts by weight 15 Rutile titanium dioxide1.0 part by weight The ethylene content of the ethylene/acryllc acld copolymer was about 80% by weight.
A ~uantity of the above formula was prepared by weighing the respective ingredients in the above proportions. The ingredients were stirred by hand to achieve a degree of premixing and the batch was further compounded by milling on a two-roll mill until a homogeneous mixture was achieved. A sheet was obtained by doctoring the mix from the mill roll.
Example 4 A further embodiment of the invention is repre6ented by the formula below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 300 parts by weight Calcined Kaolin400 parts by weight 30 Calcium carbonate (finely divided)265 parts by welght Amorphous sllica15 parts by weight Rutlle titanium dioxide20 parts by weight The ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was the same as that used in Example 2.
Appropriate proportionate quantities of the above ingredients were charged into a steam-heated open mixer and mixed until the homogeneous plastic mass reached a temperature in the range of 260F to 280F. It was then transferred to a two-roll mill and formed into a sheet by pas~age through the nip of the mill.
Example 5 Still another specific embodlment of the invention is represented by the formula below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 150 parts by weight Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer150 parts by weight Calcined Kaolin 300 parts by weight 15 Finely ground calcium carbonate200 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide 160 parts by weight Amorphous silica 20 parts by weight Rutile titanium dioxide 20 parts by weight The ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was the same a~ that used in Examples 2 and 4.
The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer was about 75% by weight. In all other respects, the procedure and processing remained the same as in Example 4 above.
' . .
, .
The present invention is directed to a halogen-free resilient flooring. In particular, the invention i~
directed to a halogen-free resilient floor tile which is free of metal-containing stabilizers and free of liquid plasticizers.
The most frequently used polymers in the preparation of resilient flooring are polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and vinyl chloride copolymers, principally copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate. The art of compounding and processing PVC-based compositions is well understood.
The processing and forming of PVC-based compositions is greatly facilitated by the use of plasticizing additive~. Esters of phthalic acid, such as di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP), are commonly used. The use of such plasticizing additive~ also facilitates the incorporation of high levels (up to about 80~ by weight) of fillers and pigments and affords finished compositions with an acceptable degree of flexibility and resiliency.
PVC resins generally require the u~e of stabilizing additives to prevent discoloration resulting from thermally induced decomposition of the resin during - proce~sing. The use of stabilizing additives also helps to prolong the useful life of a PVC-based product by continuing to prevent degradation induced by heat or by light during the service life of the product. These stabilizing ... ..........................
addltlves typically include metal containing compounds such as the barium, zinc, and cadmium salts of organic aclds (e.g. stearic acid) and organotin compounds.
The necessary use of these additive materials can create a variety of undesirable problems in composite flooring structures. As one example, in a flooring structure in which a plasticized PVC composition is protected by a clear unplasticized coating, migration of the plAsticizer from the PVC composition into the protective clear coating can soften the coating and thereby lessen its protective capabilities.
; A second undesirable situation arises from the need to use metal-containing additives. The forced combustion of PVC-based compositions, as in an incinerator, results in the creation of volatile and hazardous metal-containing pollutants.
Other undesirable conditions are also created when PVC-based compositions burn as might occur in a fire situation. The combustion of such materials can result in the evolution of dense smoke which can contribute to a hazardous condition at times when visibility is important.
Furthermore, halogen-containing products of combustion, such as hydrogen chloride, can be formed, thereby adding a further element of hazard to a fire situation.
Halogen-free floor coverings have been proposed such as in White, U.S. Patent No. 3,336,254. However, such a halogen-free floor covering required an unsaturated elastomer component to impart resiliency and fibers to .:
strengthen and relnforce the floor tile as well as enhance dlmensional stabillty and lmpact strength.
Schumacher, U.S. Patent No. 4,430,468, discloses a halogen-free, fllled, thermoplastic polymer composition for use in automotive carpets and the backing of the fabrlc or scrlm used to cover the interior panels of an automobile.
There is no sugge~tion ln Schumacher of using the composition to form a resilient floor covering. In fact, not all of the compositions disclosed in Schumacher are useful in resilient floor coverings.
In accordance with the invention, the resilient flooring is made from a halogen-free, filled, thermoplastic polymer composition which utilizes copolymers of ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid. As used herein, "(mQth)acrylic acid" means acrylic acid and/or copolymer methacrylic acid.
The ethylene content of the ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid should be from about 40% to about 95% by weight.
The floor coverings may be highly filled having about 60% to about 90% by weight of filler or extender.
Typical fillers include calcium carbonate, clays, fumed silica and aluminum hydroxlde (alumina trihydrate).
Other synthetic thermopla~tic resins may be added to facilitate processing and to modify the properties of the final floor covering. For example, a copolymer of ethylQne and vinyl acetate may be used as a modifying resin. The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer should be from about 60% to about 91% by weight. Further, conventional plgments to provide desired colors and other additives may be u~ed.
The resilient flooring of the present invention meets the requirements of Federal Specificatlon SS-T-312B
(INTERIM AMENDMENT 14 November 1979~, which is incorporated by reference. Specifically, the re~ilient flooring meets the indentation at 73.4F (23C) te~t, the indentatlon at 115F (23C) test, the re~idual indentation test, and the volatlle 1O~8 test. The lndentatlon at 23C test requlres the reslllent floorlng to have a mlnlmum lndentatlon of 0.006 inch and a maxlmum indentation of 0.015 inch after a 30 pound load is applied for one minute through a 1/4 inch diameter spherical tip and the floorlng 18 at about 23C.
The residual indentation test requires the resilient flooring to have a maximum residual indentation of 8% after a load of 140 pounds 18 applied for 10 mlnutes through a cyllndrlcal tlp with a diameter of 0.178 inch and 18 allowed to recover for one hour under an 8 ounce load applied through a 0.125 inch cylindrical tip and the flooring 18 at about 23C.
For most applications reslllent floorlng structures are required to pass tests intended to reflect their performance in a fire situation. Of the three basic mechanisms commonly employed to impart fire retardancy to plastics compositions, the incorporation of agents whlch wlll undergo an endothermic release of water is most - appropriate for the pre~ent invention. Aluminum hydroxide is the most commonly used of these agents. Other agents ~ 2133618 that could be considered are magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide and inorganic salts bearing water of hydration as may be appropriate for processing and the requisite fire test.
The flooring includes halogen-free compositions which have properties and functional characteristics generally equivalent to those of Type IV vinyl composition tlle. The compositions contain thermoplastic synthetic organic resins, singly or in combination, in amounts ranging from about 10% by weight to about 50~ by weight of the total weight of composition, preferably about 12% to about 30%.
They contain mineral flllers, extenders, and plgment~ in amounts ranging from about 50% by weight to about 90% by weight of the total composition weight, preferably about 70%
to about 88~.
The indivldual ingredlent~ in a formula may be weighed into a container and the content~ of the container charged to an appropriate plastics mixing device. In the mixing device, the resinous portion of the composition is brought to a molten state and the mineral filler and other components are uniformly dispersed throughout the plastic melt.
When dispersion i~ complete, the homoyeneo~s mass is transferred to the nip of a two-roll mill where it is passed between the mill rolls to form a sheet.
Subsequently, the sheet may be pa~sed between the rolls of one, or more, calendering device to provide a smoother surface and to ad~ust the thickness of the sheet ~o a .~, .
.. . ., ....... ~ . ..........
de8ired end value. The sheet may then be allowed to cool as necessary and tiles of a desired size;and shape may cut from it using a die or other convenient method.
Example 1 One specific embodiment is represented by the formula listed below:
Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer8.75 parts by weight Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer 6.75 parts by weight Coarsely ground calcium carbonate 63.00 parts by weight 10 Finely ground calcium carbonate21.00 parts by weight Rutile titanium dioxide1.00 part by weight Antioxidant 0.03 part by weight The ethylene content of the ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer was about 94%. The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer was about 75% by weight.
A quantity of the above formula was prepared by weighing the respective ingredients in the above proportions. The total batch was charged into a steam-~acketed Banbury mixer and mixed until the charge reached a 20 temperature in the range of 280F to 320F. The mix was di8charged onto a two-roll mill and pa8sed between the rollers to form a discrete sheet approximately 1/8 inch in thickness. After cooling to approximately ambient temperature, the sheet was die-cut into 9 inch by 9 inch (9" x 9") squares.
Example 2 A second specific embodiment of the invention is represented by the formula listed below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 15 parts by weight 30 Coarsely ground calcium carbonate 63 parts by weight Finely ground calcium carbonate 21 parts by weight ~utlle tltanlum dioxlde1 part by welght ., .
The ethylene content of the ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was about 94% by weight.
The preparation and processlng of this second example followed exactly that described for the fir6t example above. Alternatively, the mixing device was a steam-~acketed, open mixer, less intensive than a Banbury.
In all other respects, the procedure and processing remained the same as in the first example.
Example 3 A third specific embodiment of the inventlon 18 represented by the formula li~ted below:
Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer 11.5 parts by weight Coarsely ground limestone 78.6 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide 10.0 parts by weight 15 Rutile titanium dioxide1.0 part by weight The ethylene content of the ethylene/acryllc acld copolymer was about 80% by weight.
A ~uantity of the above formula was prepared by weighing the respective ingredients in the above proportions. The ingredients were stirred by hand to achieve a degree of premixing and the batch was further compounded by milling on a two-roll mill until a homogeneous mixture was achieved. A sheet was obtained by doctoring the mix from the mill roll.
Example 4 A further embodiment of the invention is repre6ented by the formula below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 300 parts by weight Calcined Kaolin400 parts by weight 30 Calcium carbonate (finely divided)265 parts by welght Amorphous sllica15 parts by weight Rutlle titanium dioxide20 parts by weight The ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was the same as that used in Example 2.
Appropriate proportionate quantities of the above ingredients were charged into a steam-heated open mixer and mixed until the homogeneous plastic mass reached a temperature in the range of 260F to 280F. It was then transferred to a two-roll mill and formed into a sheet by pas~age through the nip of the mill.
Example 5 Still another specific embodlment of the invention is represented by the formula below:
Ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer 150 parts by weight Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer150 parts by weight Calcined Kaolin 300 parts by weight 15 Finely ground calcium carbonate200 parts by weight Aluminum hydroxide 160 parts by weight Amorphous silica 20 parts by weight Rutile titanium dioxide 20 parts by weight The ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer was the same a~ that used in Examples 2 and 4.
The ethylene content of the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer was about 75% by weight. In all other respects, the procedure and processing remained the same as in Example 4 above.
' . .
, .
Claims (10)
1. Resilient flooring comprising a halogen-free, filled, thermoplastic polymer composition, said composition comprising an ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid resin, and filler.
2. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the resin of the composition comprises at least 87.5% by weight of the ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid.
3. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the composition is free of metal-containing stabilizing additives.
4. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the composition is free of liquid plasticizer additives.
5. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about 10% to about 30% by weight of copolymer and about 60% to about 90% by weight of filler.
6. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the composition is free of unsaturated elastomeric additives other than the ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid resin.
7. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the flooring has a minimum indentation of 0.006 inch and a maximum indentation of 0.015 inch after a 30 pound load is applied for one minute through a 1/4 inch diameter spherical tip and the flooring is at about 23°C.
8. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the flooring has a maximum residual indentation of 8% after a load of 140 pounds is applied for 10 minutes through a cylindrical tip with a diameter of 0.178 inch and is allowed to recover for one hour under an 8 ounce load applied through a 0.125 inch cylindrical tip and the flooring is at about 23°C.
9. The resilient flooring of claim 1 wherein the resilient flooring meets the requirements of Federal Specification SS-T-312B (INTERIM AMENDMENT 14 November 1979).
10. The flooring of claim 1 wherein the resin of the composition is at least 3% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002133618A CA2133618A1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1994-10-04 | Halogen-free resilient flooring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002133618A CA2133618A1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1994-10-04 | Halogen-free resilient flooring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2133618A1 true CA2133618A1 (en) | 1996-04-05 |
Family
ID=4154462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002133618A Abandoned CA2133618A1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1994-10-04 | Halogen-free resilient flooring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2133618A1 (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-10-04 CA CA002133618A patent/CA2133618A1/en not_active Abandoned
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