CA2122850A1 - Grading apparatus for front mounting to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle - Google Patents
Grading apparatus for front mounting to the attachment frame of a drive vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- CA2122850A1 CA2122850A1 CA002122850A CA2122850A CA2122850A1 CA 2122850 A1 CA2122850 A1 CA 2122850A1 CA 002122850 A CA002122850 A CA 002122850A CA 2122850 A CA2122850 A CA 2122850A CA 2122850 A1 CA2122850 A1 CA 2122850A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bracket construction
- grading apparatus
- carriage
- grading
- attachment frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
- E01H5/12—Apparatus or implements specially adapted for breaking, disintegrating, or loosening layers of ice or hard snow with or without clearing or removing ; Roughening ice or hard snow by means of tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H4/00—Working on surfaces of snow or ice in order to make them suitable for traffic or sporting purposes, e.g. by compacting snow
- E01H4/02—Working on surfaces of snow or ice in order to make them suitable for traffic or sporting purposes, e.g. by compacting snow for sporting purposes, e.g. preparation of ski trails; Construction of artificial surfacings for snow or ice sports ; Trails specially adapted for on-the-snow vehicles, e.g. devices adapted for ski-trails
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The object of the invention is a grading apparatus for forward or rearward attachment to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle used to prepare cross-country trails, ski runs or snowmobile trails, as well as the roughening or digging up of compacted snow and ice on foot paths, travelways or hiking trails, including a bracket construction pivotal about a horizontal axis extending transversely to the travel direction, with a forward support, and a cutting apparatus for ripping up and/or crushing the groundcover of snow or ice, wherein a rearward support is provided for the bracket construction. In the grading apparatus according to the invention, the bracket construction is connected to the attachment frame or a cross beam in such a way that the drive vehicle itself provides the rear support for the bracket construction.
The object of the invention is a grading apparatus for forward or rearward attachment to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle used to prepare cross-country trails, ski runs or snowmobile trails, as well as the roughening or digging up of compacted snow and ice on foot paths, travelways or hiking trails, including a bracket construction pivotal about a horizontal axis extending transversely to the travel direction, with a forward support, and a cutting apparatus for ripping up and/or crushing the groundcover of snow or ice, wherein a rearward support is provided for the bracket construction. In the grading apparatus according to the invention, the bracket construction is connected to the attachment frame or a cross beam in such a way that the drive vehicle itself provides the rear support for the bracket construction.
Description
~2~5~
GRADI~ APPARATUS FOR FRONT MO~NTING TO
1~ ATTACEMENT FRAME OF A DRIV~ VE~ICL~
TECHNICAL BACXGRO~ND
The invention relates to a grading apparatus for front or rear mounting on the attachment frame of a drive vehicle for conditioning cross-country trails, ski runs or ~nowmobile trails a~ well as the roughening and breaking up of hard-packed snow and ice on foot paths, travelways or hiking trail~, including a bracket conntruction pivotally mounted about a horizontal axi~
extending transverse to the travel direction, with a forward support and a cutting apparatus for digging up and/or crushing of the snow or ice cover, wherein a rearward ~upport is provided for the bracket construction.
STATE OF THE ART
In DE-C-30 29 221 there i8 de~cribed a grading apparatu~ of thi~ kind, of which the brackat con3truction includes a rearward ~upport which 310pes rearwardly and downwardly, i.e. oppo~ite to the travel direction, having at least one running wheel. The cutting apparatus extends between the forward and rearward supports. The forward support i8 constructed a~ a ~liding carriage.
Thi~ grading apparatus can also be utilized in the case of the icing over of path~, in order to loosen and aerate the ice. An undulating ground contour is flattened out, and particularly durable path~ and trails can be prepared. If the drive vehicle i8 a track vehicle, the tracks of the vehicle contribute to the ~unction of the grading device, in that they crush down the snow or ice lumps which are created by the grading device, and preqs them deeply into the sub-surface ~now layers. By thi~ mean~ the ~now cover is frozen to a yreater degree and po~sible remaining moisture in the snow i5 crystallized, thus making the paths or trails more durable.
- 212~aO
'THE AI~q OF THE INVENTION
An aim of the invention is to provide a grading apparatus o simple construction.
Thi~ aim i8 achieved in the form of a gradiny apparatus with the characteristics of Claim 1. Further advantageous characteri~tics of the grading apparatus according to the invention are the subject of the sub-claim~.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A grading apparatu3 according to the invention, for front or rear attaahment to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle ~or the preparation of cros~-country trails, ~ki runs, snowmobile trails, foot paths, hiking trails or travelway~, includes a bracket construction which i8 pivotable about a horizontal axis extending perpendicular to the travel direction, with a forward support and a cutting apparatus for diggi~g up and/or cru~hing of the ~now or ice cover. Further there is provided a rearward support for the bracket construction, wherein the bracket construction i~ linked to the attachment frame or a cro~s beam in ~uch a way that the drive vehicle itself provides the rearward support for the bracket construction.
2S Accordingly, it i8 unnecessary to provlde a separate rear or front support. Thi~ i~ provided e~entially by the wheels or tracks of the drive vehicle, to which the bracket construction is connected through the attachment frame, and with re~pect to which the pivoting o the bracket construction take~ place.
The bracket constru~tion constitutes, along with the cutting apparatus and the forward support, a unit which is able to pivot as a whole with re~pect to the vehicle or the attachment frame. Utilizing at lea~t one abutment, the pivotability o the said un~t, however, i~
advantageously limited forwardly in the travel direction with re~pect to the attachment frame, in order that it 2122~0 will not buckle under the weight of the attachment frame.
Preferably, the abutment is selected that it exactly defines the basic working position of the above-mentioned unit, away ~rom which it can pivot only towards the rear, i.e. opposite to the travel direction. Advantageously, torsion element~ are provided between the bracket con~truction and the attachment frame, the tor~ion elemants being stressed whenever the bracket construction pivots out of it above-mentioned basic impact working position. The torsion elements provide a kind of Meissel impact effect when the knives or the digging teeth of the cutting apparatus encounter a hard subsoil region.
If the ground has large undulations having dimen3ions substantially greater than the distance between the forward support and the cutting device, the forward ~upport - con~tituted by a carriage element (in `~
snow) or at least a running or tracking wheel (on trails including asphalt)-slides o~er the ground undulations together with the cutting apparatus. Thereby the cutting apparatu~ does not dig into the soil, or only to a negligible degree. However, if the ground undulations are ~maller, particularly if they are smaller than the distance between the forward support and the cutting apparatus, the knives of the cutting apparatus will dig into the ground in order to accomplish levelling by carving away the peaks and filling in the subsequent hollows.
When encountering a hard surface (~tone~, root system~), or generally in order to avoid damaging the cutting apparatus, a relea~e device can be provided for the cutting apparatus with respect to the bracket construction. Wherea~ generally when encountering an increased resistance the bracket construction simply pivots to the rear again~t the ef~ect o~ the torsion elements, as the cutting apparatus i8 urged over the hard ground surface, it can occasionally happe~ that the cutting apparatus become~ ~tuck. In ~uch a case, the 2122~ 0 cutting apparatus i8 relea~ed in order to avoid any damage to it. Thereafter, it i~ ~imply a matter of re-attaching or re-engaging the cutting apparatus with ~he bracket construction.
In order to adapt to the snow and pathway conditions, it i5 of advantage to have the height of the cutting apparatus adjustable.
The axiR at which the bracket conRtruction is linked to the attachment frame, and the above-mentioned abutment for limiting the forward pivoting, de~ine an attachment plane of the bracket con~truction with re3pect to the attachment frame, the inclination thereof determines, inter alia, the previously mentioned basic working position as well as the cutting or digging angle of the cutting apparatus. Pre~erably, the attachment frame is provided with an upper link arm and a lower link arm, in which for example the upper link arm is hydraulically adjustable in terms of its length. By adjusting the length of this link arm it is possible to change the inclination of the above-mentioned attachment plane, and adjust the digging depth (working depth) as well as the cutting or digging angle.
Ir the drawings:
Figure 1 i~ a schematic side view of a digging and grading apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an enlarged side view of the grading apparatus;
Figure 3 is a plan view of the grading apparatus of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a side view of a grading apparatus corresponding to Figure 2, in accordance with a further embodiment of ths invention with improved ~patial characteristics;
21228~0 Figur~ 5 is a simplified ~ide view of a grading apparatu~ in accordance with the invention, in which the knife beam i~ replaced with a plurality of individual angle knive~ or the like; and Figure 6 is a front view of the grading apparatus according to ~igure 5.
HOW TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION
The invention will now be described with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings.
A drive vehicle 1 with endless tracks or wheels 2 ha~, at its front end, an attachment frame 4 provided with a coupling linkage 3. The coupling linkage 3 includes an upper guide member in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, and a lower guide member 6 which is raised or lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 7. For driving purposes, the hydraulic cylinder 7 has a floating mounting for the drive with the grading apparatus. Connected with the attachment frame 4 is a bracket construction 20 which include~ one or two parallel beams 22 sloping in the drive direction to a forward brace support 29, and a beam 23 with two parallel legs 24. For stability, the beams 22 are securely fixed to each other through a cross brace 37. Longitudinal braces 38 securely mount the beam~ 22 to the braces 24 of the beam 23. A yoke beam 26 is mounted to the beam 23, this being carried out by a mounting shown at 28 in Figure 2. The cutting apparatu~
40 is secured to the beam 26. The two beams 23 and 26 are connected with each other through a release apparatuR
60.
The orward brace support 29 i~ con~tructed either as a sliding carriage 30 or as a running wheel 31. In the case of the sliding carriage 30, this is pivotally mounted on the beams 22, such that one or Reveral positions are provided for the mounting of the pivotal axis 32, in order that a specific digging depth of the cutting apparatus 40 can be set a8 a basic position. In 2~2~0 the caRe of the running wheel, this is alRo preferably mountable at different po~itions on the beamR 22. The running wheel can be a wheel with low-pressure balloon tire~.
As can be seen in Figure 3, the cutting apparatu~ 40 can take the form of a toothed tool (digging beam). The cutting apparatu_ 40, in this event, can extend laterally ~omewhat more than the width of the bracket construction 20; in fact, dependant upon the width and the power of the driving vehicle 1, it is possible to provide Reveral (for example two or even four) construction~ 20 with a corresponding number of forward supports 29, together with a single cross beam 8 extending throughout, as is illu~trated in Figure 3.
In order to prevent dug up material ~rom being laterally ejected to either aide of the cutting apparatus 40, thus creating an edge wall, but at the aame time to prevent accidentR, a metal ~now deflector (snow-diverter) 42 is provided.
It will be under~tood that other configurations of cutting apparatus can be used in place of the digging beam illu~trated in Figure 3. An example embodiment of such a different cutting apparatu~ is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. Here, the cutting apparatus 40 includes a plurality of individual ~haped knive~ 213 (angle knive~
or similar shaped knive~), which are pivotally mounted about a common pivot axis 212. The ~haped knives 213 each include a vertical knie shaft 214 and a kni~e point 215, which ~an be deformed to one or both sidea. Each of these i~ connected through a connector plate 216 with a beam construction, which in the ~ame manner (the relea~e apparatu~ 60) can be removed, as ha~ already been described above in connection with Figure 2.
The bracket conatruction 20 along with the ~orward support 29 and the cutting apparatus 40 are pivotally mounted to the cro~a beam 8, the position of the mounting axi~ in Figure 2 being ~hown at the numeral 53. Further, --- 21228~0 torsion element 54 are provided, connected between the beam 23 of the bracket con~truction 20 on the one hand, and the attachment frame 3 on the other hand. The torsion elements ~eek to mo~e the beam 23 and the bracket constr~ction 20 toward a predetermined rotary position with re~pect to the cro~s beam 8 and the attachment frame. An abutment limit~ the extent to which the bracket construction 20 can swi~el forwardly with respect to the attachment frame 3, this limit position being the ba~ic working po~ition. In Figure 2, the bracket construction 20 i~ illustrated in this basic working position. The bracket con~truction 20 can be displaced rearwardly from thi~ position only by tensioning the torsion elements, whereby the cutting apparatus 40 takes (for example) the position shown in Figure 2 in broken lines.
The mentioned abutment to limit the pivotal movement of the bracket construction 20 with respect to the attachment frame 3 is provided by bumper-like fixture elements 90 on the beam 23, and corresponding opposed elements 91. The fixture elements 90 are provided with rubber bumpers 92.
Below will be found a description of the function of the grading apparatus according to the invention. The bracket construction 20 is pivotally mounted on the attachment frame 3 which is freely moveable with respect to its height, 80 that on the one hand the cross beam 8 with the attachment frame 3 can swing upwardly together with respect to the drive vehicle 1 (see the double arrow 100)~ and on the other hand the bracket construction 20 can pivot with re~pect to the attachment frame 3 (see the double arrow 101). In case of a terrain 200 with middle-sized undulations 202, the carriage 30 (or the wheel 31) follows the con~our, in such a way that the cutting apparatus 40 does not e~entially follow the contour, but instead breaks up and flatten~ the undulating ~now co~er.
Behind the cutting apparatu~ 40 there is a region 203 212 ~ O
, containing loosened snow or broken ice. The latter is pre~ed together and compacted by the weight of the drive vehicle 1, a~ indicated at 204.
By virtue of the position of the pivot axis 53 and the abutment defined by the elements 90 and 91 as well as the rubber bumper 92, there i8 defined an attachment plane for the bracket construction on the forward end of the attachment frame 3. By adjusting the hydraulic cylinder 5 it i~ pos~ible to adjust the inclination of thi~ plane, and therewith the working depth corre3ponding to the set basic position of the forward support 30, 31, as well as the cutting or digging angle of the apparatus according to the invention (double arrow 102).
In an example embodiment, in Figure 2 an elastic band between the forward end of the carriage 30 and the cross brace 37 is indicated at 33. The ela~tic band 33 or the like determines the position of the carriage 30 in the raised up condition of the apparatu~. In it~ ding position, for example, the carriage is nece~sarily raised to be utilized a~ a blade to clear away a ~now wall or the like.
The carriage 30 itself, when used as a blade in the vertical position, has only one limited height, ~o that snow that piles up ahead of the carriage during the ploughing proce~s can relatively easily slip over and past the carriage. The clearing effect is therefore a limited one. Moreover, the unavoidable ralsing of the carriage 30 for ~teeply piled snow walls does not lead to a fixed vertical positioning o~ the carriage, such that the carriage, when encountering a moderately undulating trail profile, can easily return to its ~liding position.
In order to have better result~ during use as a ploughing apparatus, a further embodiment of the invention propose~, in accordance with Figure 4, first mean~ ~or pivoting the carriage 30 about the pivot axi~ 32 into a vertical position and to ~ecure it in that pivoted ~: , . , , , -, , .. , -:
21228~0 g position. Further, two mean~ are provided which define a ploughing blade with the pivoted carriage 30.
The first mean~ includes a pivoting lever 207 pivotally mounted about a pivot location 209, the lever being moveable by a hydraulic cylinder 208 which i8 secured to the cross beam 8 or the attachment frame 4.
One of the lever arms of the pivot lever 207 is ~onnected to the carriage 30 by a cable 205. The second means includes a $1ap 206 which is ecured to the pivot lever 207 in the manner illu trated. When the piston is forced outwardly from the hydraulic cylinder 208, the pivot lever 207 swings counter clockwise about the pivot axis 209. The carriage 30 is thereby pivoted by the cable 205, in the direction of the arrow 211, into the upright (broken lines) position. The flap 206, together with the pivot lever 207, ia rotated to a position in which the carriage 30 and the i.lap 206 come adjacent each other and form the ploughing blade. In order to further improve the ploughing function, a ploughing strip 210 can be provided along the rearward edge of the carriage 30, 80 as to provide a sharply defined lower edge for the ploughing blade when the carriage 30 iB in the vertical po~ition.
DRAWING ELEMENTS:
1. Driving vehicle 2. Tracks or wheels of the driving vehicle 3. Coupling linkage 4. Attachment frame 5. Guide member 6. Hydraulic cylinder 7. Hydraulic cylinder 8. Cross beam 20. Bracket construction 22. Beam of the bracket construction 23. Beam 24. Legs of the beam 23 212285~
26. Yoke beam 28. Mounting 29. Forward ~upport 30. Carriage 31. Running wheel 32. Pivot axi~
33. Ela~tic band 37. Cros~ braae 38. ~ongitudinal brace (reinforcement of the digging beam mount) 40. Cutting apparatu~
42. Snow diverter 53. Position of a mounting axis 54. Spring on tor~ion element 60. Release a~embly 90. Fixture element 91. Oppo~ite element from 90 92. Rubber bumper 100. Double arrow 101. Double arrow 102. Double arrow 200. Sub~urface 202. Terrain undulationa 203. Position of loo~ened, dug-up material 204. Po~ition 205. Ten~ion cable 206. Ploughing flap 207. Pivot lever 208. Hydraulic aylinder 209. Pivot location 210. Ploughing strip 211. Arrow 212. Pivot axis 213. Shaped knife 214. Knife 3haft 215. Knife point 216. Connecting plate
GRADI~ APPARATUS FOR FRONT MO~NTING TO
1~ ATTACEMENT FRAME OF A DRIV~ VE~ICL~
TECHNICAL BACXGRO~ND
The invention relates to a grading apparatus for front or rear mounting on the attachment frame of a drive vehicle for conditioning cross-country trails, ski runs or ~nowmobile trails a~ well as the roughening and breaking up of hard-packed snow and ice on foot paths, travelways or hiking trail~, including a bracket conntruction pivotally mounted about a horizontal axi~
extending transverse to the travel direction, with a forward support and a cutting apparatus for digging up and/or crushing of the snow or ice cover, wherein a rearward ~upport is provided for the bracket construction.
STATE OF THE ART
In DE-C-30 29 221 there i8 de~cribed a grading apparatu~ of thi~ kind, of which the brackat con3truction includes a rearward ~upport which 310pes rearwardly and downwardly, i.e. oppo~ite to the travel direction, having at least one running wheel. The cutting apparatus extends between the forward and rearward supports. The forward support i8 constructed a~ a ~liding carriage.
Thi~ grading apparatus can also be utilized in the case of the icing over of path~, in order to loosen and aerate the ice. An undulating ground contour is flattened out, and particularly durable path~ and trails can be prepared. If the drive vehicle i8 a track vehicle, the tracks of the vehicle contribute to the ~unction of the grading device, in that they crush down the snow or ice lumps which are created by the grading device, and preqs them deeply into the sub-surface ~now layers. By thi~ mean~ the ~now cover is frozen to a yreater degree and po~sible remaining moisture in the snow i5 crystallized, thus making the paths or trails more durable.
- 212~aO
'THE AI~q OF THE INVENTION
An aim of the invention is to provide a grading apparatus o simple construction.
Thi~ aim i8 achieved in the form of a gradiny apparatus with the characteristics of Claim 1. Further advantageous characteri~tics of the grading apparatus according to the invention are the subject of the sub-claim~.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A grading apparatu3 according to the invention, for front or rear attaahment to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle ~or the preparation of cros~-country trails, ~ki runs, snowmobile trails, foot paths, hiking trails or travelway~, includes a bracket construction which i8 pivotable about a horizontal axis extending perpendicular to the travel direction, with a forward support and a cutting apparatus for diggi~g up and/or cru~hing of the ~now or ice cover. Further there is provided a rearward support for the bracket construction, wherein the bracket construction i~ linked to the attachment frame or a cro~s beam in ~uch a way that the drive vehicle itself provides the rearward support for the bracket construction.
2S Accordingly, it i8 unnecessary to provlde a separate rear or front support. Thi~ i~ provided e~entially by the wheels or tracks of the drive vehicle, to which the bracket construction is connected through the attachment frame, and with re~pect to which the pivoting o the bracket construction take~ place.
The bracket constru~tion constitutes, along with the cutting apparatus and the forward support, a unit which is able to pivot as a whole with re~pect to the vehicle or the attachment frame. Utilizing at lea~t one abutment, the pivotability o the said un~t, however, i~
advantageously limited forwardly in the travel direction with re~pect to the attachment frame, in order that it 2122~0 will not buckle under the weight of the attachment frame.
Preferably, the abutment is selected that it exactly defines the basic working position of the above-mentioned unit, away ~rom which it can pivot only towards the rear, i.e. opposite to the travel direction. Advantageously, torsion element~ are provided between the bracket con~truction and the attachment frame, the tor~ion elemants being stressed whenever the bracket construction pivots out of it above-mentioned basic impact working position. The torsion elements provide a kind of Meissel impact effect when the knives or the digging teeth of the cutting apparatus encounter a hard subsoil region.
If the ground has large undulations having dimen3ions substantially greater than the distance between the forward support and the cutting device, the forward ~upport - con~tituted by a carriage element (in `~
snow) or at least a running or tracking wheel (on trails including asphalt)-slides o~er the ground undulations together with the cutting apparatus. Thereby the cutting apparatu~ does not dig into the soil, or only to a negligible degree. However, if the ground undulations are ~maller, particularly if they are smaller than the distance between the forward support and the cutting apparatus, the knives of the cutting apparatus will dig into the ground in order to accomplish levelling by carving away the peaks and filling in the subsequent hollows.
When encountering a hard surface (~tone~, root system~), or generally in order to avoid damaging the cutting apparatus, a relea~e device can be provided for the cutting apparatus with respect to the bracket construction. Wherea~ generally when encountering an increased resistance the bracket construction simply pivots to the rear again~t the ef~ect o~ the torsion elements, as the cutting apparatus i8 urged over the hard ground surface, it can occasionally happe~ that the cutting apparatus become~ ~tuck. In ~uch a case, the 2122~ 0 cutting apparatus i8 relea~ed in order to avoid any damage to it. Thereafter, it i~ ~imply a matter of re-attaching or re-engaging the cutting apparatus with ~he bracket construction.
In order to adapt to the snow and pathway conditions, it i5 of advantage to have the height of the cutting apparatus adjustable.
The axiR at which the bracket conRtruction is linked to the attachment frame, and the above-mentioned abutment for limiting the forward pivoting, de~ine an attachment plane of the bracket con~truction with re3pect to the attachment frame, the inclination thereof determines, inter alia, the previously mentioned basic working position as well as the cutting or digging angle of the cutting apparatus. Pre~erably, the attachment frame is provided with an upper link arm and a lower link arm, in which for example the upper link arm is hydraulically adjustable in terms of its length. By adjusting the length of this link arm it is possible to change the inclination of the above-mentioned attachment plane, and adjust the digging depth (working depth) as well as the cutting or digging angle.
Ir the drawings:
Figure 1 i~ a schematic side view of a digging and grading apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an enlarged side view of the grading apparatus;
Figure 3 is a plan view of the grading apparatus of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a side view of a grading apparatus corresponding to Figure 2, in accordance with a further embodiment of ths invention with improved ~patial characteristics;
21228~0 Figur~ 5 is a simplified ~ide view of a grading apparatu~ in accordance with the invention, in which the knife beam i~ replaced with a plurality of individual angle knive~ or the like; and Figure 6 is a front view of the grading apparatus according to ~igure 5.
HOW TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION
The invention will now be described with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the drawings.
A drive vehicle 1 with endless tracks or wheels 2 ha~, at its front end, an attachment frame 4 provided with a coupling linkage 3. The coupling linkage 3 includes an upper guide member in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, and a lower guide member 6 which is raised or lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 7. For driving purposes, the hydraulic cylinder 7 has a floating mounting for the drive with the grading apparatus. Connected with the attachment frame 4 is a bracket construction 20 which include~ one or two parallel beams 22 sloping in the drive direction to a forward brace support 29, and a beam 23 with two parallel legs 24. For stability, the beams 22 are securely fixed to each other through a cross brace 37. Longitudinal braces 38 securely mount the beam~ 22 to the braces 24 of the beam 23. A yoke beam 26 is mounted to the beam 23, this being carried out by a mounting shown at 28 in Figure 2. The cutting apparatu~
40 is secured to the beam 26. The two beams 23 and 26 are connected with each other through a release apparatuR
60.
The orward brace support 29 i~ con~tructed either as a sliding carriage 30 or as a running wheel 31. In the case of the sliding carriage 30, this is pivotally mounted on the beams 22, such that one or Reveral positions are provided for the mounting of the pivotal axis 32, in order that a specific digging depth of the cutting apparatus 40 can be set a8 a basic position. In 2~2~0 the caRe of the running wheel, this is alRo preferably mountable at different po~itions on the beamR 22. The running wheel can be a wheel with low-pressure balloon tire~.
As can be seen in Figure 3, the cutting apparatu~ 40 can take the form of a toothed tool (digging beam). The cutting apparatu_ 40, in this event, can extend laterally ~omewhat more than the width of the bracket construction 20; in fact, dependant upon the width and the power of the driving vehicle 1, it is possible to provide Reveral (for example two or even four) construction~ 20 with a corresponding number of forward supports 29, together with a single cross beam 8 extending throughout, as is illu~trated in Figure 3.
In order to prevent dug up material ~rom being laterally ejected to either aide of the cutting apparatus 40, thus creating an edge wall, but at the aame time to prevent accidentR, a metal ~now deflector (snow-diverter) 42 is provided.
It will be under~tood that other configurations of cutting apparatus can be used in place of the digging beam illu~trated in Figure 3. An example embodiment of such a different cutting apparatu~ is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. Here, the cutting apparatus 40 includes a plurality of individual ~haped knive~ 213 (angle knive~
or similar shaped knive~), which are pivotally mounted about a common pivot axis 212. The ~haped knives 213 each include a vertical knie shaft 214 and a kni~e point 215, which ~an be deformed to one or both sidea. Each of these i~ connected through a connector plate 216 with a beam construction, which in the ~ame manner (the relea~e apparatu~ 60) can be removed, as ha~ already been described above in connection with Figure 2.
The bracket conatruction 20 along with the ~orward support 29 and the cutting apparatus 40 are pivotally mounted to the cro~a beam 8, the position of the mounting axi~ in Figure 2 being ~hown at the numeral 53. Further, --- 21228~0 torsion element 54 are provided, connected between the beam 23 of the bracket con~truction 20 on the one hand, and the attachment frame 3 on the other hand. The torsion elements ~eek to mo~e the beam 23 and the bracket constr~ction 20 toward a predetermined rotary position with re~pect to the cro~s beam 8 and the attachment frame. An abutment limit~ the extent to which the bracket construction 20 can swi~el forwardly with respect to the attachment frame 3, this limit position being the ba~ic working po~ition. In Figure 2, the bracket construction 20 i~ illustrated in this basic working position. The bracket con~truction 20 can be displaced rearwardly from thi~ position only by tensioning the torsion elements, whereby the cutting apparatus 40 takes (for example) the position shown in Figure 2 in broken lines.
The mentioned abutment to limit the pivotal movement of the bracket construction 20 with respect to the attachment frame 3 is provided by bumper-like fixture elements 90 on the beam 23, and corresponding opposed elements 91. The fixture elements 90 are provided with rubber bumpers 92.
Below will be found a description of the function of the grading apparatus according to the invention. The bracket construction 20 is pivotally mounted on the attachment frame 3 which is freely moveable with respect to its height, 80 that on the one hand the cross beam 8 with the attachment frame 3 can swing upwardly together with respect to the drive vehicle 1 (see the double arrow 100)~ and on the other hand the bracket construction 20 can pivot with re~pect to the attachment frame 3 (see the double arrow 101). In case of a terrain 200 with middle-sized undulations 202, the carriage 30 (or the wheel 31) follows the con~our, in such a way that the cutting apparatus 40 does not e~entially follow the contour, but instead breaks up and flatten~ the undulating ~now co~er.
Behind the cutting apparatu~ 40 there is a region 203 212 ~ O
, containing loosened snow or broken ice. The latter is pre~ed together and compacted by the weight of the drive vehicle 1, a~ indicated at 204.
By virtue of the position of the pivot axis 53 and the abutment defined by the elements 90 and 91 as well as the rubber bumper 92, there i8 defined an attachment plane for the bracket construction on the forward end of the attachment frame 3. By adjusting the hydraulic cylinder 5 it i~ pos~ible to adjust the inclination of thi~ plane, and therewith the working depth corre3ponding to the set basic position of the forward support 30, 31, as well as the cutting or digging angle of the apparatus according to the invention (double arrow 102).
In an example embodiment, in Figure 2 an elastic band between the forward end of the carriage 30 and the cross brace 37 is indicated at 33. The ela~tic band 33 or the like determines the position of the carriage 30 in the raised up condition of the apparatu~. In it~ ding position, for example, the carriage is nece~sarily raised to be utilized a~ a blade to clear away a ~now wall or the like.
The carriage 30 itself, when used as a blade in the vertical position, has only one limited height, ~o that snow that piles up ahead of the carriage during the ploughing proce~s can relatively easily slip over and past the carriage. The clearing effect is therefore a limited one. Moreover, the unavoidable ralsing of the carriage 30 for ~teeply piled snow walls does not lead to a fixed vertical positioning o~ the carriage, such that the carriage, when encountering a moderately undulating trail profile, can easily return to its ~liding position.
In order to have better result~ during use as a ploughing apparatus, a further embodiment of the invention propose~, in accordance with Figure 4, first mean~ ~or pivoting the carriage 30 about the pivot axi~ 32 into a vertical position and to ~ecure it in that pivoted ~: , . , , , -, , .. , -:
21228~0 g position. Further, two mean~ are provided which define a ploughing blade with the pivoted carriage 30.
The first mean~ includes a pivoting lever 207 pivotally mounted about a pivot location 209, the lever being moveable by a hydraulic cylinder 208 which i8 secured to the cross beam 8 or the attachment frame 4.
One of the lever arms of the pivot lever 207 is ~onnected to the carriage 30 by a cable 205. The second means includes a $1ap 206 which is ecured to the pivot lever 207 in the manner illu trated. When the piston is forced outwardly from the hydraulic cylinder 208, the pivot lever 207 swings counter clockwise about the pivot axis 209. The carriage 30 is thereby pivoted by the cable 205, in the direction of the arrow 211, into the upright (broken lines) position. The flap 206, together with the pivot lever 207, ia rotated to a position in which the carriage 30 and the i.lap 206 come adjacent each other and form the ploughing blade. In order to further improve the ploughing function, a ploughing strip 210 can be provided along the rearward edge of the carriage 30, 80 as to provide a sharply defined lower edge for the ploughing blade when the carriage 30 iB in the vertical po~ition.
DRAWING ELEMENTS:
1. Driving vehicle 2. Tracks or wheels of the driving vehicle 3. Coupling linkage 4. Attachment frame 5. Guide member 6. Hydraulic cylinder 7. Hydraulic cylinder 8. Cross beam 20. Bracket construction 22. Beam of the bracket construction 23. Beam 24. Legs of the beam 23 212285~
26. Yoke beam 28. Mounting 29. Forward ~upport 30. Carriage 31. Running wheel 32. Pivot axi~
33. Ela~tic band 37. Cros~ braae 38. ~ongitudinal brace (reinforcement of the digging beam mount) 40. Cutting apparatu~
42. Snow diverter 53. Position of a mounting axis 54. Spring on tor~ion element 60. Release a~embly 90. Fixture element 91. Oppo~ite element from 90 92. Rubber bumper 100. Double arrow 101. Double arrow 102. Double arrow 200. Sub~urface 202. Terrain undulationa 203. Position of loo~ened, dug-up material 204. Po~ition 205. Ten~ion cable 206. Ploughing flap 207. Pivot lever 208. Hydraulic aylinder 209. Pivot location 210. Ploughing strip 211. Arrow 212. Pivot axis 213. Shaped knife 214. Knife 3haft 215. Knife point 216. Connecting plate
Claims (13)
1. Grading apparatus for front or rear attachment to the attachment frame of a driving vehicle for the preparation of cross-country trails, ski runs or snowmobile trails, as well as the roughening or breakup of compacted snow and ice on footpaths, travelways or hiking trails, including a bracket construction which is pivotal about a horizontal axis extending at right angles to the travel direction, with a forward support and a cutting apparatus for ripping up and/or crushing a snow layer, in which a rearward support is provided for the bracket construction, characterized in that the bracket construction is linked to the attachment frame or a cross beam in such a way that the drive vehicle itself constitutes the rearward support of the bracket construction.
2. Grading apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bracket construction includes at least one beam for the cutting apparatus, and includes, for the forward support, beams which are inclined in the travel direction and which are connected with each other through longitudinal and cross braces.
3. Grading apparatus according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bracket construction has a release mechanism for the cutting apparatus.
4. Grading apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the cutting apparatus is realeasably secured to the bracket construction by means of a yoke beam which is essentially U-shaped.
5. Grading apparatus according to one of Claims 1-4, characterized in that the height (working depth) of the cutting apparatus as well as its cutting or digging angle, are adjustable.
6. Grading apparatus according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the bracket construction is mounted on the attachment frame through spring or torsion elements, which seek to move the bracket construction into a position in which it is pivoted rearwardly with respect to the forward direction.
7. Grading apparatus according to one of Claim 1-6, characterized in that the pivotability of the bracket construction with respect to the cross beam or the attachment frame is forwardly limited by at least one abutment to a basic working position.
8. Grading apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the said at least one abutment is elastically resilient.
9. Grading apparatus according to one of Claims 1-8, characterized in that the forward support is a carriage which is articulably mounted on the bracket construction.
10. Grading apparatus according to Claim 9, characterized in that means are provided, for example in the form of an elastic band which seek to cause the carriage, at least in the raised condition, to avoid tipping forwardly and downwardly.
11. Grading apparatus according to one of Claims 1-8, characterized in that the forward support is a running wheel.
12. Grading apparatus according to Claim 9, characterized in that the carriage is pivotable about a pivot axis which is horizontal and runs transversely to the travel direction; in that, for the use of the grading apparatus far ploughing, first means are provided to pivot the carriage about the pivot axis into a vertical position, and to maintain it in the pivoted position; and in that second means are provided which, along with the pivoted carriage, constitute a plough blade.
13. Grading apparatus according to Claim 12, characterized in that the first means includes a pivot lever pivotally mounted on the bracket construction, and which can be pivoted by means of a hydraulic cylinder, and of which one lever arm is connected to the carriage through a tension cable, and in that the second means includes a flap which is securely mounted to the pivot lever, and which is pivoted, along with the pivot lever, upon pivoting of the carriage, into a position such that the carriage and the flap cooperate with one another to define the plough blade.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1393/93-1 | 1993-05-06 | ||
| CH139393 | 1993-05-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2122850A1 true CA2122850A1 (en) | 1994-11-07 |
Family
ID=4209383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002122850A Abandoned CA2122850A1 (en) | 1993-05-06 | 1994-05-04 | Grading apparatus for front mounting to the attachment frame of a drive vehicle |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0623707B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE149598T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2122850A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59401877D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29500818U1 (en) * | 1995-01-19 | 1995-03-02 | Kaessbohrer Gelaendefahrzeug G | Snow groomer |
| DE29723018U1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 1999-04-29 | Kaessbohrer Gelaendefahrzeug Ag | Snow groomer |
| CN105937215A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-14 | 王发祥 | Breaking and lifting body for compacting ice and snow layers on pavement |
| IT201800003000A1 (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-23 | Prinoth Spa | SNOW BLOWER AND RELEVANT ADJUSTMENT METHOD |
| CN112878266B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-09-09 | 李风增 | Intelligent swinging hammer type deicing device for highway bridge |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3926262A (en) * | 1974-05-07 | 1975-12-16 | Merle H Brooks | Piggyback mogul grader |
| DE2618909A1 (en) * | 1976-04-27 | 1977-11-03 | Vielhaben Werkzeugfab | Airfield or road de icing machine - has rotating roller cutter breaking ice coating into pieces and blowing or sweeping pieces away |
| CH649333A5 (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1985-05-15 | Anton R Baechler | MACHINE FOR TRACKING AND PLANNING SKI LOIPES OR SKI SLOPES. |
| DE8631593U1 (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1987-12-23 | Gebrueder Welger Gmbh & Co Kg, 3340 Wolfenbuettel, De |
-
1994
- 1994-05-04 CA CA002122850A patent/CA2122850A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-05-04 EP EP94810257A patent/EP0623707B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-04 DE DE59401877T patent/DE59401877D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-04 AT AT94810257T patent/ATE149598T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0623707B1 (en) | 1997-03-05 |
| ATE149598T1 (en) | 1997-03-15 |
| EP0623707A2 (en) | 1994-11-09 |
| EP0623707A3 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
| DE59401877D1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |