CA2121128A1 - Oil transfer component - Google Patents
Oil transfer componentInfo
- Publication number
- CA2121128A1 CA2121128A1 CA002121128A CA2121128A CA2121128A1 CA 2121128 A1 CA2121128 A1 CA 2121128A1 CA 002121128 A CA002121128 A CA 002121128A CA 2121128 A CA2121128 A CA 2121128A CA 2121128 A1 CA2121128 A1 CA 2121128A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- porous
- roll
- ptfe
- oil
- component according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
- G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
- G03G15/2017—Structural details of the fixing unit in general, e.g. cooling means, heat shielding means
- G03G15/2025—Structural details of the fixing unit in general, e.g. cooling means, heat shielding means with special means for lubricating and/or cleaning the fixing unit, e.g. applying offset preventing fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/20—Details of the fixing device or porcess
- G03G2215/2093—Release agent handling devices
- G03G2215/2096—Release agent handling devices using porous fluoropolymers for wicking the release agent
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
An oil transfer component for coating a fuser roll (2) in the fuser system of a plain paper copier (or laser printer) employs a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
It is usually in the form of a thin sheet of thickness 50-750 microns, optionally laminated to a backing material. It may be in roll form (6), either dry or pre-loaded with release oil, as a cover wick (20) for an oil reservoir (26), or laminated to a roller (30) or a reservoir material (40). The surface is textured to improve coating and wiping.
It is usually in the form of a thin sheet of thickness 50-750 microns, optionally laminated to a backing material. It may be in roll form (6), either dry or pre-loaded with release oil, as a cover wick (20) for an oil reservoir (26), or laminated to a roller (30) or a reservoir material (40). The surface is textured to improve coating and wiping.
Description
`V093/ ~ 12 PCT/GB92/01958 OIL TRANSFER CONPONENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relatos to the use of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure as an oil transfer component for oilinq and/or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine, which term includes plain paper copying and fax machines and laser printers PRIOR ART
Tn a plain-paper copying machine, toner images appliod to the surface of paper or other recording medium are fixat-d by application of heat and pressure In c-rtain plain paper copying machines fixation is accomplished by pa~sing the image-bearing recording medium b~t~o n a hot ther~al fixation roll and a pr ssure roll When thi- type o~ ther~al fixation device is u~od ~he toner ~aterial is dir~ctly contactod by a roll surface, ~ . .
and~a portion of the toner usually becomes adhered to the roll~surface On subsequent rotation of the roll, the .
dh red toner material ~ay be red~posited on thQ recording dium re~ulting in undesirab1e ofrset images, stains, or s~ear~; or in severe casos the recording medium may stick to~tb~ adhered toner material on thQ roll and become :
wrapp d around the roll ~ To counter these problems, materials ha~ing good r lease properties such as silicone rubber or W093/08512 21 21 1 2 ~ 2 - rcT/GBg2/ol~*-polytetrafluoroethylene are often used for the roll surfaces. Although improving performance of the thermal fixation devices, use of silicone rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene roll surfaces alone does not eliminate the problem. Another approach i8 to include release agents with the toner materials, which prevent the toner materials from adhering to the roll surface. These oil-less toners improve the performance of the thermal-fixation devices but again, particularly in the case of high-~peed type copying machines, do not completely eliminate the problems associated with toner pick-up and transfer.
Toner pick-up by the rolls can be controlled by coating the ~urface of at least one of the rolls with a liguid relea~e agent, such as a silicone oil. It is important that the release liquid be applied unifor~ly and in~prQci~e guantiti-~ to the ~urface of the roll. Too littl- liquid or non-uniform surface coverage, will not prevent the toner from being picked up and redeposited on the~roll. On the other hand, excessive guantities of the :
releas~ liquid ~ay caufie silicone rubber roll ~urfaces to ~w~ll and wr1nkle, thus~producing copies of unacceptable quallty.
D~vice~ to uniformly ~eter and coat a relea~e liquid onto copy machine roll surfaces are described in JapanQse laid-open patent No. 62-178992. $hese devices consist of an oiI permeation control layer adhered to a thick porous , .
'~093/08512 212 1 1 2 8 PCT/GB92/01 ~
material which serves as a wick or reservoir for supplying oil to the permeation control layer. The permeation control layer is typically a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film which has been i~pregnated with a mixture of silicone oil and silicone rubber followed by a heat treatment to cross-link the silicone rubber. The thick porous material to which the permeation control layer is adhered is typically a porous thermosetting resin foam or a felt of Nomex (Trademark~ fibres, glass fibres, carbon fibres, polytetrafluoroethylene fibres, or any other high temperature fibre.
Conventional plain paper copiers which use silicone oil as the liquid release agent generally comprise a means for coatihg the silicone oil onto the fuser roll and also a ans for wiping th roll to remove undesirable adhered toner, paper dust and other undesirab}e material. In many case-, the coating and wiping functions are performed by a d ngle device. In one particular type of machine, there i8 provided a reservoir wick which is generally formed of a No~ x felt, vith a cover wick placed over the top of it for~met ring the flow of oil from the reservoir wick to the fuser roll and also for providing improved wear and distribution characteristics. The cover wi¢k is typically a Nomex fabric. It is found, however, that the cover wick has only a limited lifetime, typically lasting for around 60,000 copies before requiring replacement.
It would be desirable to have a cover wick which lasts as long as the life of the fuser rollers.
In another commonly used type of copying machine, the oil coating and wiping function is provided by a length of felt, typically formed of Nomex or polytetrafluoroethylene fibres. The roll is typically 435 millimetres wide by l.4 metres long. Whilst the machine is copying, the roll, which is laden with silicone oil, travels past the fuser roll at a speed of about 2cm per hour. This oiling roll applies silicone oil. Also excess toner cleaned from the fuser roll is picked up and carried away on the oiling roll. Typically, the felt of the oiling roll has a weight of 700 grammes per square metre and a thickness of 1.3 milimetres. Due to the physical restraints of the copying machine, this limits the length of material on the oiling roll to about l.4 metres. It is generally speaking not possible to make satisfactory felts which are lighter than 700 grammes per square metre for this purpose. In practise, it is therefore necessary to replace the oiling roll about every lO days of operation.
British published patent application 2242431 (9106768.6) discloses a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure for use as a filter in industrial filtration.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene material is produced by fusing particles of polytetrafluoroethylene such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles. The disclosure of this patent specification is ' ~93/08512 21211 2 ~ PCT/GB92/01958 incorporated herein. The specification is particularly concerned with the f iltration of aqueous slurries.
It is an object of the pre~ent invention to provide an oil transfer component having suitable oil retention characteristics and enhanced mechanical properties which allows a longer lifetime between changes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Generally speaking, the present invention envisages the use of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material such as disclosed in GB 2242431 for use as an oil transfer component for ¢oating or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine. The material is able to withstand the high temperatures (around 200C) encountered and has excellent mechanical properties and durability in this application.
Specifically, one aspect of the invention provides an oil transfer component for coating or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine which comprises a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethy}ene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
In order to act as an oil transfer component, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure will generally include a support means for supporting the structure within the copying machine. In the case of a cover wick, the support means may be in the form of a wo93/n85l2 2121 1 2 8 - 6 - PCT/CB92/01X~ ~
frame or pair of parallel rods extending along either side of the cover wick strip. Alternatively, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may be laminated to a reservoir material acting as a support structure. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may also be provided in the form of a roll or may be applied onto a roller formed of an oil reservoir material (such as a foam as disclosed in Japanese 62-178992 or a porous ceramic) which is optionally covered by a felt cover. Generally, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure is in the form of a sheet material, typically of a thickness in the range 50 microns to 750 microns, particuiarly lO0 to 400 microns, and especially 200 to Soo microns.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure is hydrophobic but has a high affinity for liquid release agents such as ilicone oil. Where the oil transfer co~ponent is to be ufiQd for coating the fuser roll, it will generally be supplied pre-loaded with release oil.
~$ypically, the oil will constitute 20 to 80% by weight of the total w:ei~ht of the oil transfer component, particularly 40 to 6Q% by weight. In order to provide ~suoh oil retention capacities, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure usually has a specific gravity of 0.8 to 1.8, typicaliy 0.9 to 1.2. In comparison, pure non-porous PTFE typically has a specific gravity of 2.16.
Preferably, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene -093/0~12 21 2 1 1 2 8 PCT/GB92/01958 structure does not include any filler materials, since these are generally of mineral origin and tend to be of an abrasive nature which would damage the fuser rolls.
In order to improve the wiping abilities of the oil transfer component, it is preferred that the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure have a slightly uneven surface texture. This surace texture can be obtained by spraying onto a smooth substrate in order to produce the porous PTFE structure. After spraying and heat treating, the porous PTFE may be peeled from the substrate to yield a sheet material which is smooth on the side which was adjacent the substrate and textured on the other side as a result of the spray technique. In use the textured surface is placed adjacent the photocopier roll.
The surface texture could also be provided by spraying onto a substrate carrying an embossed pattern of ridges, valleys, indentations, protrusions etc. such that the textured surface is provided on the side of the sheet facing the subst~ate.
Other methods could also be used to provide a surface texture on the porous PTFE structure, such as by pulsing the laydown of the material, e.g. by using a ~ibrating doctor-blade. Alternatively, the surface of the PTFE
could be ~echanically embossed e.q. by passage through the nip of embossing rollers.
In another embodiment, the texture is provided by applying a fabric of suitable material (e.g. a Nomex
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relatos to the use of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure as an oil transfer component for oilinq and/or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine, which term includes plain paper copying and fax machines and laser printers PRIOR ART
Tn a plain-paper copying machine, toner images appliod to the surface of paper or other recording medium are fixat-d by application of heat and pressure In c-rtain plain paper copying machines fixation is accomplished by pa~sing the image-bearing recording medium b~t~o n a hot ther~al fixation roll and a pr ssure roll When thi- type o~ ther~al fixation device is u~od ~he toner ~aterial is dir~ctly contactod by a roll surface, ~ . .
and~a portion of the toner usually becomes adhered to the roll~surface On subsequent rotation of the roll, the .
dh red toner material ~ay be red~posited on thQ recording dium re~ulting in undesirab1e ofrset images, stains, or s~ear~; or in severe casos the recording medium may stick to~tb~ adhered toner material on thQ roll and become :
wrapp d around the roll ~ To counter these problems, materials ha~ing good r lease properties such as silicone rubber or W093/08512 21 21 1 2 ~ 2 - rcT/GBg2/ol~*-polytetrafluoroethylene are often used for the roll surfaces. Although improving performance of the thermal fixation devices, use of silicone rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene roll surfaces alone does not eliminate the problem. Another approach i8 to include release agents with the toner materials, which prevent the toner materials from adhering to the roll surface. These oil-less toners improve the performance of the thermal-fixation devices but again, particularly in the case of high-~peed type copying machines, do not completely eliminate the problems associated with toner pick-up and transfer.
Toner pick-up by the rolls can be controlled by coating the ~urface of at least one of the rolls with a liguid relea~e agent, such as a silicone oil. It is important that the release liquid be applied unifor~ly and in~prQci~e guantiti-~ to the ~urface of the roll. Too littl- liquid or non-uniform surface coverage, will not prevent the toner from being picked up and redeposited on the~roll. On the other hand, excessive guantities of the :
releas~ liquid ~ay caufie silicone rubber roll ~urfaces to ~w~ll and wr1nkle, thus~producing copies of unacceptable quallty.
D~vice~ to uniformly ~eter and coat a relea~e liquid onto copy machine roll surfaces are described in JapanQse laid-open patent No. 62-178992. $hese devices consist of an oiI permeation control layer adhered to a thick porous , .
'~093/08512 212 1 1 2 8 PCT/GB92/01 ~
material which serves as a wick or reservoir for supplying oil to the permeation control layer. The permeation control layer is typically a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film which has been i~pregnated with a mixture of silicone oil and silicone rubber followed by a heat treatment to cross-link the silicone rubber. The thick porous material to which the permeation control layer is adhered is typically a porous thermosetting resin foam or a felt of Nomex (Trademark~ fibres, glass fibres, carbon fibres, polytetrafluoroethylene fibres, or any other high temperature fibre.
Conventional plain paper copiers which use silicone oil as the liquid release agent generally comprise a means for coatihg the silicone oil onto the fuser roll and also a ans for wiping th roll to remove undesirable adhered toner, paper dust and other undesirab}e material. In many case-, the coating and wiping functions are performed by a d ngle device. In one particular type of machine, there i8 provided a reservoir wick which is generally formed of a No~ x felt, vith a cover wick placed over the top of it for~met ring the flow of oil from the reservoir wick to the fuser roll and also for providing improved wear and distribution characteristics. The cover wi¢k is typically a Nomex fabric. It is found, however, that the cover wick has only a limited lifetime, typically lasting for around 60,000 copies before requiring replacement.
It would be desirable to have a cover wick which lasts as long as the life of the fuser rollers.
In another commonly used type of copying machine, the oil coating and wiping function is provided by a length of felt, typically formed of Nomex or polytetrafluoroethylene fibres. The roll is typically 435 millimetres wide by l.4 metres long. Whilst the machine is copying, the roll, which is laden with silicone oil, travels past the fuser roll at a speed of about 2cm per hour. This oiling roll applies silicone oil. Also excess toner cleaned from the fuser roll is picked up and carried away on the oiling roll. Typically, the felt of the oiling roll has a weight of 700 grammes per square metre and a thickness of 1.3 milimetres. Due to the physical restraints of the copying machine, this limits the length of material on the oiling roll to about l.4 metres. It is generally speaking not possible to make satisfactory felts which are lighter than 700 grammes per square metre for this purpose. In practise, it is therefore necessary to replace the oiling roll about every lO days of operation.
British published patent application 2242431 (9106768.6) discloses a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure for use as a filter in industrial filtration.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene material is produced by fusing particles of polytetrafluoroethylene such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles. The disclosure of this patent specification is ' ~93/08512 21211 2 ~ PCT/GB92/01958 incorporated herein. The specification is particularly concerned with the f iltration of aqueous slurries.
It is an object of the pre~ent invention to provide an oil transfer component having suitable oil retention characteristics and enhanced mechanical properties which allows a longer lifetime between changes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Generally speaking, the present invention envisages the use of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene material such as disclosed in GB 2242431 for use as an oil transfer component for ¢oating or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine. The material is able to withstand the high temperatures (around 200C) encountered and has excellent mechanical properties and durability in this application.
Specifically, one aspect of the invention provides an oil transfer component for coating or wiping a fuser roll in a copying machine which comprises a porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethy}ene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
In order to act as an oil transfer component, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure will generally include a support means for supporting the structure within the copying machine. In the case of a cover wick, the support means may be in the form of a wo93/n85l2 2121 1 2 8 - 6 - PCT/CB92/01X~ ~
frame or pair of parallel rods extending along either side of the cover wick strip. Alternatively, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may be laminated to a reservoir material acting as a support structure. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may also be provided in the form of a roll or may be applied onto a roller formed of an oil reservoir material (such as a foam as disclosed in Japanese 62-178992 or a porous ceramic) which is optionally covered by a felt cover. Generally, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure is in the form of a sheet material, typically of a thickness in the range 50 microns to 750 microns, particuiarly lO0 to 400 microns, and especially 200 to Soo microns.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure is hydrophobic but has a high affinity for liquid release agents such as ilicone oil. Where the oil transfer co~ponent is to be ufiQd for coating the fuser roll, it will generally be supplied pre-loaded with release oil.
~$ypically, the oil will constitute 20 to 80% by weight of the total w:ei~ht of the oil transfer component, particularly 40 to 6Q% by weight. In order to provide ~suoh oil retention capacities, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure usually has a specific gravity of 0.8 to 1.8, typicaliy 0.9 to 1.2. In comparison, pure non-porous PTFE typically has a specific gravity of 2.16.
Preferably, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene -093/0~12 21 2 1 1 2 8 PCT/GB92/01958 structure does not include any filler materials, since these are generally of mineral origin and tend to be of an abrasive nature which would damage the fuser rolls.
In order to improve the wiping abilities of the oil transfer component, it is preferred that the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure have a slightly uneven surface texture. This surace texture can be obtained by spraying onto a smooth substrate in order to produce the porous PTFE structure. After spraying and heat treating, the porous PTFE may be peeled from the substrate to yield a sheet material which is smooth on the side which was adjacent the substrate and textured on the other side as a result of the spray technique. In use the textured surface is placed adjacent the photocopier roll.
The surface texture could also be provided by spraying onto a substrate carrying an embossed pattern of ridges, valleys, indentations, protrusions etc. such that the textured surface is provided on the side of the sheet facing the subst~ate.
Other methods could also be used to provide a surface texture on the porous PTFE structure, such as by pulsing the laydown of the material, e.g. by using a ~ibrating doctor-blade. Alternatively, the surface of the PTFE
could be ~echanically embossed e.q. by passage through the nip of embossing rollers.
In another embodiment, the texture is provided by applying a fabric of suitable material (e.g. a Nomex
2 21 21 1 ~ ~ PCT/G~92/01958~
fabric) over the PTFE surface.
The surface texture acts to scrape unused material off the surface of the copier roll and to carry it away in the depressions in the textured surface pattern.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure of the present invention provides excellent wear characteristics in comparison to conventional materials and does not shed fibres. In the case of an oiling roll, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure can be provided much thinner than conventional felts, which allows much longer lengths to be used, whilst maintaining the same oiling and wiping characteristics. There is also reduced frictional drag on the rollers.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may be produced as described in patent specification GB 2242431. -It is particularly preferred to form the structure from a mixture of particles of different grades of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene. As is well known, PTFE is produced in two distinct types so-called "granular PTFE"
and so-called "fine powder PTFEn. These materials have guite different properties and the present invention is concerned with the former. A particularly useful product for use in the present invention comprises 40 to 60% of Teflon (Trademark) resin grade 7A: and 40 to 60% of Teflon resin grade 9B. Teflon resin grades 7A and 9B are available from Du Pont Speciality Polymers Division, Wilmington, U.S.A. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene wo93/n8sl2 2121I2 PCI`/GB92/OlgS8 structure is usually prepared by spraying onta a substrate, such as a ceramic tile or sheet of metal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
~. _ .
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only.
The attached Figures show schematically various conventional fuser roll arrangements as used in photocopying machines, fitted with oil transfer components according to the present invention.
Figure 1 shows a conventional PTFE-covered fuser roll 2 and a silicone rubber covered roll 4, which are oiled and wiped by an oil-containing oiling roll or web 6 of porous PTFE wound on a spool 8, which passes around pressure rollers 10, 12 onto take-up spool 14.
Figure 2 show a similar arrangement, except that oil is applied to the porous PTFE oiling roll or web by means of an o~l supply mechanism 16.
Figure 3 shows a conventional PTFE covered fuser roll 2 and silicone rubber covered roll 4 to which silicone oil is applied by oil supply mechanism 16, reservoir wick 26, and cover wick 20. The cover wick is formed of porous PTFE and is supported on a pair of rods 22, 24.
Figure 4 shows use of a roller 30 to deliver oil onto the conventional PTFE-covered fuser roller 2.
Alternatively, it may contact the silicone rubber covered roller 4. The roller has a porous PTFE covering. The WO93/08512 2121128 PCT/GB92/01958 ~-roller may be pre-oiled, or oil may be supplied into the centre of the roller by an oil supply mechanism.
Figure 5 shows a laser printer arrangement. An oil-containing felt 40 in channel 42 applies oil to a conventional PTFE-covered fuser roll 2. The felt has a porous PTFE covering laminated thereto. Specific Examples of the invention will now be described.
ExamPle 1 (Cover Wick) (1) An oiling assembly for the fuser rolls in a conventional Kodak Ektoprint 850 photocopier comprises a re ervoir formed of 1600 gms per sguare metre Nomex felt of thickness approximately 16mm, and a cover wick comprising a Nomex felt of 400 gms per sguare metre fitted with ~ide bars for locating the cover wick against the fuser roll (i.e. in the manner of Figure 3).
(a) ~he cover wick was removed and a strip of porous polytetrafluoroethylene sheet material of thickness 380 microns,-~porosity approxi~t~ly 50% and density 1 gm per c.c. ~dhered to the side bars across the Nomex felt, such as to contact th~ fuser roller in use. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene material comprise S0% Teflon grade 7A and 50% T-flon grade 9B produced according to Exampl- 1 of p~t nt specification G82242431. Tho Kodak Ektoprint 850 photocopying machine was run continuously for seven ~;~ days before the machine was stopped and the cover wick inspected. In that period, about 120,000 copies had been ::
:
~''D 93/08512 ' - 11 11 2 1 1 2 8 produced. When the wick was inspected, there was no damage to the porous polytetrafluoroethylene sheet and no fibre shed. Thereafter the machine continued to run and produced a total of about 300,000 copies before the PTFE
cover wick failed mechanically by tearing at the side bars. A conventional wick usually lasts for 160-220,000 copies.
(b) In a further test, the conventional cover wick was replaced by the same porous PTFE material, but in this case the porous PTFE sheet was adhered using a gravure printed polyimide adhesive (Mitsubishi A310) pattern to a woven glassfibre fabric. The polyimide adhesive is capable of withstanding temperatures of 180-200C. The photocopier produced 1,000,000 copi-s before the cover ;~
wick failed.
(2) A further trisl was carried out using a Xerox 5046 photocopier ln which a porous PTFE sheet as d-scribed above was adhered to a woven Nomex Scrim to produce a .
cover wick. The adh sive was a polyimide adhesive ~ Nitsubishi A310) in a gravure printed pattern. The cover ;~ wick was still intact when changed together with the fuser ~ roller after having made 350,000 copies. A conventional ; woven Nomex cover wick is usually capable of producing ~ 60,000 copies only.
. .
ExamPl- 2 ~Oilinq Roll) A conventional Siemens ND2 photocopying machine comprises an oil-containing oiling roll which oils the fuser roll with silicone oil and also wipes it clean (in the manner of Figure 1). The converntional roll is formed of 700 gms per square metre PTFE felt, of thickness 1.3 mm, 435 mm wide and 1.4 metres long. The felt is wound on bakelit spools and the roll has an overall diameter of approximately 63 mm., which represents the maximum allowed according to the photocopying machine construction. The oiling roll is advanced at a rate of 2 cm per hour of copying operation, which delivers 1.06 grams/hour to the fuser roll. Typically, the roll requires to be changed three tiems a month.
According to the invetnion. the convertnianl roll was rplaced by a rollof pourous polytetrafluorethylene material (of composition given in Example 1) having the same width. The pourous polytetrafluorethylene material had a thickness of 375 microns, a weight of 375 gram/m2, and a length of 4.2 metres for the same 63 mm diameter roll. This is three times as long as the conventional roll. The oiling roll was advanced at 2 cm per hour of copying operation. The roll contained 0.8 grams/cc of silicone oil and provided 1.6 grams/hour to the fuser roller.
In the tests, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene material transferred oil well and wiped well and produced prints of consistently high quality. There was no apparent wear no shedding of material. It is therefore '093/08512 PCT/GBg2/01 - 13 21 ~ 1 2~
possible to obtain at least three times the lifetime from an oil retention roll of the pre~ent invention (up to 30 days of operation) as opposed to the conventional material.
ExamDle 3 (thin oilinq web) Certain Cannon, Xerox, Ninolta and Ronica photocopiers use a thin web of Nomex and polyester having a weight of 25-3S grams/m2 and a thickness of 0.060 -0.080 mm (in the manner of Figure 1). A length of 10 - 13 m of the web is wound onto a metal core (roll diameter 31.5mm) and impregnated with an average of 31 grams/m2 of ~ilicone oil. m e web is advanced at about 2mm per minute of copier operation, delivering 0.018 grams/min of oil to the fuser roll.
(a) According to the invention, the standard web may be seplaced by a shorter length of porous tQtrafluoroethylene film of the composition of Example 1. The ~11 has a weight of 125 grams/m2 and a thickness of 0.125 ~m. The final diameter of the roll ~31.5~m) .
allows 7.2m of film to be wound onto the core. m e film holds twice as much oil as the conventional web, and is therefore`advanced at half the speed i.e. lmm/min. This provid s an increased lifetime for the film of 120 hours, compared to a lifetime of 96 hours for the qonventional web. The film also has better oil retention properties, eliminating any oil drops; and gives good toner and paper dust adsorption. Higher fusing temperatures may be used, and there is reduced frictional drag.
(b) In another embodiment of the invention, the st3ndard thin web in a Xerox photocopier was replaced by a PTFE film of composition as in Example 1. The thickness was 0.13mm. Its lifetime was found to be about four times as long as that of the conventional web.
(c) ~n another embodiment, a conventional web of layers of polyester and Nomex in a Siemens ND2 photocopying machine was replaced by a sheet of PTFE as in Example 1 having a layer of woven Nomex fabric bonded to the front face thereof (i.e. the face in contact with the fuser roll). The material performed well and ha~ a lifetime at least three times as long as the conventional web.
Examle 4 (Laser Printers) Conventional laser printers use as the oil supply and wiping # chanism a square section length of Nomex felt, typically 2 cm x 2 cm x 40 cm (see Figure 5). Such Nomex felts conventionally suffer from fibre shed and may run dry through lack of oil towards the end of their working life.
An oil transfer component according to the present invention was produced by laminating a surface sheet of porous polytetrafluoroethylene as used in Example 1 over the surface of the Nomex felt. The life of the component '`'093/08512 21 21 1 2 ~ PCT/GB92/01958 was 250,000 copies in comparison to 80,000 with the conventional component.
This material may also ~e impregnated with oil for use as a coating/wiping component on a laser printer, or may be used dry as a wiper.
. -..... .
.- .
~:
, .
fabric) over the PTFE surface.
The surface texture acts to scrape unused material off the surface of the copier roll and to carry it away in the depressions in the textured surface pattern.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure of the present invention provides excellent wear characteristics in comparison to conventional materials and does not shed fibres. In the case of an oiling roll, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure can be provided much thinner than conventional felts, which allows much longer lengths to be used, whilst maintaining the same oiling and wiping characteristics. There is also reduced frictional drag on the rollers.
The porous polytetrafluoroethylene structure may be produced as described in patent specification GB 2242431. -It is particularly preferred to form the structure from a mixture of particles of different grades of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene. As is well known, PTFE is produced in two distinct types so-called "granular PTFE"
and so-called "fine powder PTFEn. These materials have guite different properties and the present invention is concerned with the former. A particularly useful product for use in the present invention comprises 40 to 60% of Teflon (Trademark) resin grade 7A: and 40 to 60% of Teflon resin grade 9B. Teflon resin grades 7A and 9B are available from Du Pont Speciality Polymers Division, Wilmington, U.S.A. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene wo93/n8sl2 2121I2 PCI`/GB92/OlgS8 structure is usually prepared by spraying onta a substrate, such as a ceramic tile or sheet of metal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
~. _ .
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only.
The attached Figures show schematically various conventional fuser roll arrangements as used in photocopying machines, fitted with oil transfer components according to the present invention.
Figure 1 shows a conventional PTFE-covered fuser roll 2 and a silicone rubber covered roll 4, which are oiled and wiped by an oil-containing oiling roll or web 6 of porous PTFE wound on a spool 8, which passes around pressure rollers 10, 12 onto take-up spool 14.
Figure 2 show a similar arrangement, except that oil is applied to the porous PTFE oiling roll or web by means of an o~l supply mechanism 16.
Figure 3 shows a conventional PTFE covered fuser roll 2 and silicone rubber covered roll 4 to which silicone oil is applied by oil supply mechanism 16, reservoir wick 26, and cover wick 20. The cover wick is formed of porous PTFE and is supported on a pair of rods 22, 24.
Figure 4 shows use of a roller 30 to deliver oil onto the conventional PTFE-covered fuser roller 2.
Alternatively, it may contact the silicone rubber covered roller 4. The roller has a porous PTFE covering. The WO93/08512 2121128 PCT/GB92/01958 ~-roller may be pre-oiled, or oil may be supplied into the centre of the roller by an oil supply mechanism.
Figure 5 shows a laser printer arrangement. An oil-containing felt 40 in channel 42 applies oil to a conventional PTFE-covered fuser roll 2. The felt has a porous PTFE covering laminated thereto. Specific Examples of the invention will now be described.
ExamPle 1 (Cover Wick) (1) An oiling assembly for the fuser rolls in a conventional Kodak Ektoprint 850 photocopier comprises a re ervoir formed of 1600 gms per sguare metre Nomex felt of thickness approximately 16mm, and a cover wick comprising a Nomex felt of 400 gms per sguare metre fitted with ~ide bars for locating the cover wick against the fuser roll (i.e. in the manner of Figure 3).
(a) ~he cover wick was removed and a strip of porous polytetrafluoroethylene sheet material of thickness 380 microns,-~porosity approxi~t~ly 50% and density 1 gm per c.c. ~dhered to the side bars across the Nomex felt, such as to contact th~ fuser roller in use. The porous polytetrafluoroethylene material comprise S0% Teflon grade 7A and 50% T-flon grade 9B produced according to Exampl- 1 of p~t nt specification G82242431. Tho Kodak Ektoprint 850 photocopying machine was run continuously for seven ~;~ days before the machine was stopped and the cover wick inspected. In that period, about 120,000 copies had been ::
:
~''D 93/08512 ' - 11 11 2 1 1 2 8 produced. When the wick was inspected, there was no damage to the porous polytetrafluoroethylene sheet and no fibre shed. Thereafter the machine continued to run and produced a total of about 300,000 copies before the PTFE
cover wick failed mechanically by tearing at the side bars. A conventional wick usually lasts for 160-220,000 copies.
(b) In a further test, the conventional cover wick was replaced by the same porous PTFE material, but in this case the porous PTFE sheet was adhered using a gravure printed polyimide adhesive (Mitsubishi A310) pattern to a woven glassfibre fabric. The polyimide adhesive is capable of withstanding temperatures of 180-200C. The photocopier produced 1,000,000 copi-s before the cover ;~
wick failed.
(2) A further trisl was carried out using a Xerox 5046 photocopier ln which a porous PTFE sheet as d-scribed above was adhered to a woven Nomex Scrim to produce a .
cover wick. The adh sive was a polyimide adhesive ~ Nitsubishi A310) in a gravure printed pattern. The cover ;~ wick was still intact when changed together with the fuser ~ roller after having made 350,000 copies. A conventional ; woven Nomex cover wick is usually capable of producing ~ 60,000 copies only.
. .
ExamPl- 2 ~Oilinq Roll) A conventional Siemens ND2 photocopying machine comprises an oil-containing oiling roll which oils the fuser roll with silicone oil and also wipes it clean (in the manner of Figure 1). The converntional roll is formed of 700 gms per square metre PTFE felt, of thickness 1.3 mm, 435 mm wide and 1.4 metres long. The felt is wound on bakelit spools and the roll has an overall diameter of approximately 63 mm., which represents the maximum allowed according to the photocopying machine construction. The oiling roll is advanced at a rate of 2 cm per hour of copying operation, which delivers 1.06 grams/hour to the fuser roll. Typically, the roll requires to be changed three tiems a month.
According to the invetnion. the convertnianl roll was rplaced by a rollof pourous polytetrafluorethylene material (of composition given in Example 1) having the same width. The pourous polytetrafluorethylene material had a thickness of 375 microns, a weight of 375 gram/m2, and a length of 4.2 metres for the same 63 mm diameter roll. This is three times as long as the conventional roll. The oiling roll was advanced at 2 cm per hour of copying operation. The roll contained 0.8 grams/cc of silicone oil and provided 1.6 grams/hour to the fuser roller.
In the tests, the porous polytetrafluoroethylene material transferred oil well and wiped well and produced prints of consistently high quality. There was no apparent wear no shedding of material. It is therefore '093/08512 PCT/GBg2/01 - 13 21 ~ 1 2~
possible to obtain at least three times the lifetime from an oil retention roll of the pre~ent invention (up to 30 days of operation) as opposed to the conventional material.
ExamDle 3 (thin oilinq web) Certain Cannon, Xerox, Ninolta and Ronica photocopiers use a thin web of Nomex and polyester having a weight of 25-3S grams/m2 and a thickness of 0.060 -0.080 mm (in the manner of Figure 1). A length of 10 - 13 m of the web is wound onto a metal core (roll diameter 31.5mm) and impregnated with an average of 31 grams/m2 of ~ilicone oil. m e web is advanced at about 2mm per minute of copier operation, delivering 0.018 grams/min of oil to the fuser roll.
(a) According to the invention, the standard web may be seplaced by a shorter length of porous tQtrafluoroethylene film of the composition of Example 1. The ~11 has a weight of 125 grams/m2 and a thickness of 0.125 ~m. The final diameter of the roll ~31.5~m) .
allows 7.2m of film to be wound onto the core. m e film holds twice as much oil as the conventional web, and is therefore`advanced at half the speed i.e. lmm/min. This provid s an increased lifetime for the film of 120 hours, compared to a lifetime of 96 hours for the qonventional web. The film also has better oil retention properties, eliminating any oil drops; and gives good toner and paper dust adsorption. Higher fusing temperatures may be used, and there is reduced frictional drag.
(b) In another embodiment of the invention, the st3ndard thin web in a Xerox photocopier was replaced by a PTFE film of composition as in Example 1. The thickness was 0.13mm. Its lifetime was found to be about four times as long as that of the conventional web.
(c) ~n another embodiment, a conventional web of layers of polyester and Nomex in a Siemens ND2 photocopying machine was replaced by a sheet of PTFE as in Example 1 having a layer of woven Nomex fabric bonded to the front face thereof (i.e. the face in contact with the fuser roll). The material performed well and ha~ a lifetime at least three times as long as the conventional web.
Examle 4 (Laser Printers) Conventional laser printers use as the oil supply and wiping # chanism a square section length of Nomex felt, typically 2 cm x 2 cm x 40 cm (see Figure 5). Such Nomex felts conventionally suffer from fibre shed and may run dry through lack of oil towards the end of their working life.
An oil transfer component according to the present invention was produced by laminating a surface sheet of porous polytetrafluoroethylene as used in Example 1 over the surface of the Nomex felt. The life of the component '`'093/08512 21 21 1 2 ~ PCT/GB92/01958 was 250,000 copies in comparison to 80,000 with the conventional component.
This material may also ~e impregnated with oil for use as a coating/wiping component on a laser printer, or may be used dry as a wiper.
. -..... .
.- .
~:
, .
Claims (19)
1. An oil transfer component for coating or wiping a roll in a fuser system of a copying machine, which comprises:
a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
2. A component according to claim 1 wherein the porous PTFE has a specific gravity of 0.8 to 1.8.
3. A component according to any preceding claim wherein the porous PTFE has a specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.2.
4. A component according to any preceding claim wherein the porous PTFE is substantially free of filler materials of mineral origin.
5. A component according to any preceding claim wherein the porous PTFE structure has an uneven surface texture on a surface adapted in use to contact the roll in said fuser system.
6. A component according to any preceding claim wherein the PTFE component has been produced by spray deposition.
7. A component according to any preceding claim wherein the porous PTFE structure is in the form of a sheet material.
8. A component according to claim 7 wherein the PTFE
sheet material is laminated to a woven or non-woven backing fabric.
sheet material is laminated to a woven or non-woven backing fabric.
9. A component according to claim 7 or 8 wherein the PTFE sheet material has a thickness of 50 to 750 microns.
10. A component according to any preceding claim which is pre-loaded with release oil.
11. A component according to claim 10 wherein the release oil comprises 20 to 80% by weight of the component.
12. A component according to any preceding claim in the form of a roll of sheet material.
13. A component according to any of claims 1 to 11 in the form of a cover wick.
14. A component according to any of claims 1 to 11 in the form of a roller having an outer layer of said porous PTFE material.
15. A component according to any of claims 1 to 11 which comprises an oil reservoir material having laminated thereto the porous PTFE material.
16. An oil transfer component for coating or wiping a roll in a fuser system of a copying machine, which comprises;
a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles;
the porous PTFE being substantially free of filler materials of mineral origin; and the porous PTFE
structure having an uneven surface texture on a surface adapted in use to contact the roll in said fuser system.
a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles;
the porous PTFE being substantially free of filler materials of mineral origin; and the porous PTFE
structure having an uneven surface texture on a surface adapted in use to contact the roll in said fuser system.
17. A copying machine which comprises an oil transfer component for coating or wiping a roll in the fuser system thereof, said oil transfer component comprising a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles.
18. A method of coating or wiping a roll in a fuser system of a copying machine which comprises;
- providing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles;
- arranging the porous PTFE structure to be in contact with the roll in said copier fuser system;
and - operating the copying machine such that the porous PTFE structure is effective in coating the roll with oil and/or wiping off excess oil from the roll.
- providing a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles;
- arranging the porous PTFE structure to be in contact with the roll in said copier fuser system;
and - operating the copying machine such that the porous PTFE structure is effective in coating the roll with oil and/or wiping off excess oil from the roll.
19. Use of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structure formed from particles of granular-type polytetrafluoroethylene fused together such as to form a porous integral network of interconnected particles for the manufacture of an oil transfer component for coating or wiping a roll in a fuser system of a copying machine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919122750A GB9122750D0 (en) | 1991-10-26 | 1991-10-26 | Oil transfer component |
| GB9122750.4 | 1991-10-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2121128A1 true CA2121128A1 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
Family
ID=10703575
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002121128A Abandoned CA2121128A1 (en) | 1991-10-26 | 1992-10-26 | Oil transfer component |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0609318B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07500927A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE143152T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU661060B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2121128A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69213953T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0609318T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2092701T3 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9122750D0 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3021956T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993008512A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5478423A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-12-26 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Method for making a printer release agent supply wick |
| GB9325567D0 (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1994-02-16 | Gore W L & Ass Uk | Fibrillated ptfe surface |
| GB9400934D0 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1994-03-16 | Gore W L & Ass Uk | Layered oil transfer component |
| US5800908A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-09-01 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Oil delivery sheet material for use in various printer devices |
| US6143675A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-11-07 | W. L. Gore & Associates (Uk) Ltd. | Porous composite |
| US5732317A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1998-03-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Rotating wick device |
| GB9626399D0 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1997-02-05 | Gore W L & Ass Uk | High strength porous composite |
| WO1998032599A1 (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-30 | Bmp America Inc. | Fluorocarbon particle coated textiles for use in electrostatic printing machines |
| US6168751B1 (en) | 1997-10-28 | 2001-01-02 | Ames Rubber Corporation | Method of making multilayer rolls having a thin fluoropolymer top coat |
| JP6602065B2 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2019-11-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Nozzle wiping member |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1199972B (en) * | 1956-11-20 | 1965-09-02 | Montedison Spa | Process for the production of micro-porous, gas-permeable products from polytetrafluoroethylene |
| US4047885A (en) * | 1976-05-26 | 1977-09-13 | Xerox Corporation | Rotating wick oil dispensing system |
| JPS6021079A (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Device for applying releasing agent for copying machine |
| DE3469077D1 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1988-03-03 | Junkosha Co Ltd | A roller fixing device |
| JPS614090A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-01-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Coating device of releasing agent |
| JPS6161663A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-29 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Mold release agent coating apparatus |
| DE3769505D1 (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1991-05-29 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE FOR HEAT-FIXING TONER IMAGES FROM THERMOPLASTIC TONER MATERIAL. |
| GB9007304D0 (en) * | 1990-03-31 | 1990-05-30 | Gore W L & Ass Uk | Filter element |
-
1991
- 1991-10-26 GB GB919122750A patent/GB9122750D0/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-10-26 GB GB9222444A patent/GB2261400B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-26 JP JP5507582A patent/JPH07500927A/en active Pending
- 1992-10-26 ES ES92921850T patent/ES2092701T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-26 DE DE69213953T patent/DE69213953T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-26 AT AT92921850T patent/ATE143152T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-26 DK DK92921850.1T patent/DK0609318T3/da active
- 1992-10-26 CA CA002121128A patent/CA2121128A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-10-26 WO PCT/GB1992/001958 patent/WO1993008512A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-10-26 AU AU28096/92A patent/AU661060B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-10-26 EP EP92921850A patent/EP0609318B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-12-11 GR GR960403378T patent/GR3021956T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0609318T3 (en) | 1997-01-20 |
| DE69213953T2 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
| ATE143152T1 (en) | 1996-10-15 |
| ES2092701T3 (en) | 1996-12-01 |
| GB2261400A (en) | 1993-05-19 |
| GR3021956T3 (en) | 1997-03-31 |
| DE69213953D1 (en) | 1996-10-24 |
| EP0609318B1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| GB9122750D0 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| EP0609318A1 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
| AU661060B2 (en) | 1995-07-13 |
| GB9222444D0 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
| AU2809692A (en) | 1993-05-21 |
| WO1993008512A1 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
| JPH07500927A (en) | 1995-01-26 |
| GB2261400B (en) | 1994-09-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |