CA2108878A1 - Racket - Google Patents
RacketInfo
- Publication number
- CA2108878A1 CA2108878A1 CA002108878A CA2108878A CA2108878A1 CA 2108878 A1 CA2108878 A1 CA 2108878A1 CA 002108878 A CA002108878 A CA 002108878A CA 2108878 A CA2108878 A CA 2108878A CA 2108878 A1 CA2108878 A1 CA 2108878A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- racquet
- weight
- less
- unstrung
- racquets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B2049/0201—Frames with defined head dimensions
- A63B2049/0202—Frames with defined head dimensions surface area
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B2049/0212—Frames with defined weight
- A63B2049/0213—Frames with defined weight without strings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B49/00—Stringed rackets, e.g. for tennis
- A63B49/02—Frames
- A63B2049/0212—Frames with defined weight
- A63B2049/0213—Frames with defined weight without strings
- A63B2049/0214—Frames with defined weight without strings head only
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In a racquet, in particular a squash racquet, the total weight of the racquet when unstrung is less than 170 g, and the racquet has an impact surface of not less than 330 cm2, in particular at least 350 cm2, whereby for a low weight and large impact area it is also possible to obtain improved ball acceleration for a high level of orientation precision and pleasant playing characteristics.
In a racquet, in particular a squash racquet, the total weight of the racquet when unstrung is less than 170 g, and the racquet has an impact surface of not less than 330 cm2, in particular at least 350 cm2, whereby for a low weight and large impact area it is also possible to obtain improved ball acceleration for a high level of orientation precision and pleasant playing characteristics.
Description
2i~8878 A R~CQUET
The present invention relates to a racquet, in particular a squash racquet. As a rule, racquets of this kind have a relatively large handle section and a strung frame that is relatively small in proportion to the length o~ the racquet.
In known racquets of the type described in the introduction hereto, in principle, the properties that are relevant for a ball game, in particular, the elasticity of the handle section, ball acceleration, and oscillation and damping behaviour, have been controlled mainly by the material and cross-sections used in the handle section, between the strung frame and the handle end itsel~. Various materials have already been used in the construction Or racquets o~ this kind. In particular, it has been the practice to build racquets o~ relatively low weight, when a light racquet o~ this kind results in good racquet acceleration but also in ball acceleration that is not entirely satisfactory, to say the least. When this was done, light ~ -racquet weight was achieved only in racquets with a small impact surface.
When racguets were constructed in the past, there were frequent attempts, particularly when producing tennis racquets, to increase the inherent or characteristic freguency by using new and lighter materials. In tennis racguets, an increase of the inherent freguency o~ this kind was aimed mainly at ensuring a higher level o~ arm protection in racguets. In the case of squash racquets, because of the different dimensions and the essentially lower weight of the racquets, the conditions that apply to this kind of racguet are completely dif~erent, and a simple alteratlon of the weight, brought about by the selection of lighter and, if necessary, stiffer materials does net always ..-: ~.
21~g78 of necessity lead to an improvement in playing characteristics.
secause of the relatively small impact surface, an important prerequisite when designing squash racquets is that a high level of orientation stability be ensured at higher ball acceleration, even if the ball strikes the strung frame at different points.
It is the task of the present invention to develop a squash -racquet o~ the type described in the introduction hereto such that it ensures improved ball acceleration at the highest level of precision with respect to orientation and, at the same time, imparts good playing characteristics. According to the present invention, in order to solve this task, it is proposed that the total weight of the racquet, when unstrung, be less than 170 g;
and that the racquet have an impact surface of at least 330 cm2, in particular at least 350 cm2. In the racquets known up to the present time, it is true that some racquets that are of relatively low weight have been proposed although, as a rule, lighter racquets had a significantly smaller impact surface.
Without exception, the large-area squash racquets known up to now have a racquet weight in excess of 185 g if an impact surface of greater than 330 cm2 is to be achieved. These two limiting conditions, which apply to the weight of the racquet when unstrung, and the strung sur~ace, together result in a series of physical characteristics that result either directly or indirectly ~rom these values, for example, characteristic3 with respect to the acceleration o~ the racquet and ball acceleration, and compliance with these conditions with respect to racguet ;
weight and impact sur~ace leads to improved racquet acceleration because o~ the relatively low weight and, because o~ the simultaneously increased impact sur~ace, most surprlsingly, to an increase in ball acceleration, as well. Whereas, given a constant or increasing weight a simple enlargement o~ the impact sur~ace would, of necessity, lead to a reduction o~ racquet acceleration, at the same time, because o~ the greater impact sur~ace and the given elasticity characteristics of the :,'.', ':
,: . ,,. -.....
21~8878 stringing, one would have to assume that a clear increase in ball acceleration could not to be expected. Overall, and most surprisingly, it has been demonstrated that by reducing the total weight of the racquet and simultaneously increasing the impact surface, significantly more precise, and in its overall behaviour, more pleasant play is made possible; this ef~ect can be significantly improved, particularly with regard to the acceleration of the racquet itself if, in addition, at the correspondingly lower racquet weight, when unstrung, of less than 170 g, and in particular less than 165 g, the head weight is less than 83 g, and in particular is less than 78 g.
In this definition, head weight is understood to be that weight which can be measured at the head end as reaction force ~bearing load] when the racquet is supported at the handle end, with the racquet in a horizontal position. A racquet whose head weight, measured in this way, is greater than half the racquet weight must be considered as slightly head-heavy; in contrast to this, racquet with a head weight that is less than half the racquet weight, as measured by this method, would have to be considered as handle-heavy. The solution according to the present invention, when the racquet, in the unstrung state, is designed to have a weight o~ less than 170 g, in particular less than 165 g, with a head weight that is less than 83 g, means, in other words, that what is involved here is a racquet that is almost balanced when strung. What is obtained by doing this is a racquet with which rapid reaction play is made possible slnce, beaause of the low raaquet weight and the weight distribution within the racguet, as proposed by the present invention, the racquet can be moved towards the ball at much greater speed.
Racquets known up to now have used siynificantly greater head weights in order to arrive at acceptable playing characteristics.
Even in the case o~ the extremely light racquets that have been known up to now, the head weights were always much greater than the maximum head weight that is proposed by the present invention .
21 0 8 ~ 7 ~
and, in addition to significantly heavier racquets, there are already racquets on the ~arket which, although distinguished by a total weight of less than 170 g, and in particular less than 165 g, nevertheless also have a head weight of much more than 83 g. The balance of the racquet that is achieved by the combination proposed by the present invention leads to a greater level of stability, despite the low racquet weight, and to precise playing characteristics of the sort that up to now could only be achieved with significantly heavier racquets. At the same time, despite the low weight of the racquet, much the same good ball acceleration has also been observed; in this connection, it is advantageous that the significantly lighter racquet as proposed by the present invention be strung at much higher stringing forces. Whereas conventional squash racquets are normally strung at approximately 12 kg, the racquet according to the present invention should, advantageously, be strung at approximately 14 kg.
.:
An additional and obvious improvement of playing characteristics and, in particular, an especially high level of ball acceleration can be achieved according to the present invention in that the moments o~ inertia at the handle end, in a plane that contains the stringing and in a direction that is normal to this are smaller than 30 gmZ, and in particular smaller than 28.5 gm2.
The values proposed by the present invention thus lie clearly below rormerly known values, although initially it wag ~eared that smaller inertial moments o~ this ~ind could result ln lower ball acceleration and lower impact precision or stability. Most surprisingly, however, the opposite was achieved, whereby a signi~icantly lighter squash racquet that can be rapidly accelerated can be achieved while complying with the cumulative conditions, together with the conditions ~or the upper limit o~ ;
the total weight and the head weight. When this is done, determination o~ the inertial moments is e~ected while securing the racquet at the handle end by measuring the pendulum movement .
:, .
2108~7~
of the racquet during a movement in the plane that contains the ~:
stringing and in a direction that is normal to the stringing plane.
According to the present invention, within the context of the :
conditions for designing the squash racquet, it is also advantageous to comply with the conditions that ~or a racquet, in an unstrung state, with a centre of gravity distance of less than 390 mm, as measured from the handle end, the ratio of the unstrung racquet weight to the head weight is less than 2.07, and the ratio of the centre of gravity distance to the unstrung .
racquet weight is greater than 2.1, when it is preferable that the centre of gravity distance of the unstrung racquet measured from the handle end is between 340 and 380 mm. Finally, it is an advantage that the ratio of head weight to inertial moment be less than 2.81. All of these criteria have been shown to be particularly advantageous for achievinq neutral playing characteristics and, taken together, they result in a balanced, ~ast-accelerating squash racquet that provides a high level of impact precision.
Compared to known racguet designs with relatively large strung areas, the above-defined ratio of head weight to inertial moment, measured, in each instance, on an unstrung ràcquet, results in a ~.
more charaeteristic but relatively smaller di~ference to corresponding values measured on known racquets which, however, without exception di~er from the object o~ the present invention with respect to their weights. Whereas eorrespondlngly large area raequets can easily , without exception, be made with signi~icantly higher raequet weights and higher head weights, it has, most surprisingly, been shown that the greatly improved playing characteristics with respect to impact precision and quick racquet acceleration as well as rapid ball acceleration, which can be achieved by the present invention, can be achieved only by keeping within elearly defined limits, such as, ~or ':
8 7 ~ -example, the upper limit for the head weight to the inertial mom~nt.
Since, all in all, as has heen sPt out in detail above, it is primarily the weight, the head weight, and the impact surface that help improve racquet characteristics, other criteria that make it possible to identify superiority with reference to the quoted playing characteristics were also considered in detail.
In this way, it was determined that particularly favourable properties can be achieved i~ the ratio of the strung area to the inertial moment, measured normally to the plane of the stringing, is greater than 14, and in particular greater than 15. The proportional values that are cited are, without exception cited as absolute numerical values, which when considering the physical values used in each instance for forming the ratios, would strictly speaking come to a corresponding dimension. All known -designs wi~h a racquet weight of less than 200 g have, most surprisingly, resulted in a proportional value o~ at most 13.5 as the upper limit, which;in the fact means that the proportional ~igure of greater than 14, determined according to the present invention, has to be evaluated as being significant ~or the improvement that can be achieved with relation to playing characteristics. This applies, in particular, in the case of the pre~erred minimum value ~or the ratio of strunq area to inertial moment of 15. Similarly, during inve~tigation o~ the racquet accordlng to the present invention, it was determined that the ratio o~ strung area to head weight is advantageously greater than 4.5, and pre~erably greater than 5.2. Here too, it has been found that particularly with reference to the preferred value of at least 5.2, a high value o~ this kind is not achieved by any Or the known large-area sguash racquets, so that in combination with the conditions referred to above with respect to racquet weight, head weight, and/or the impact surface, this value has to be assessed as characteristic.
.. ...
The present invention relates to a racquet, in particular a squash racquet. As a rule, racquets of this kind have a relatively large handle section and a strung frame that is relatively small in proportion to the length o~ the racquet.
In known racquets of the type described in the introduction hereto, in principle, the properties that are relevant for a ball game, in particular, the elasticity of the handle section, ball acceleration, and oscillation and damping behaviour, have been controlled mainly by the material and cross-sections used in the handle section, between the strung frame and the handle end itsel~. Various materials have already been used in the construction Or racquets o~ this kind. In particular, it has been the practice to build racquets o~ relatively low weight, when a light racquet o~ this kind results in good racquet acceleration but also in ball acceleration that is not entirely satisfactory, to say the least. When this was done, light ~ -racquet weight was achieved only in racquets with a small impact surface.
When racguets were constructed in the past, there were frequent attempts, particularly when producing tennis racquets, to increase the inherent or characteristic freguency by using new and lighter materials. In tennis racguets, an increase of the inherent freguency o~ this kind was aimed mainly at ensuring a higher level o~ arm protection in racguets. In the case of squash racquets, because of the different dimensions and the essentially lower weight of the racquets, the conditions that apply to this kind of racguet are completely dif~erent, and a simple alteratlon of the weight, brought about by the selection of lighter and, if necessary, stiffer materials does net always ..-: ~.
21~g78 of necessity lead to an improvement in playing characteristics.
secause of the relatively small impact surface, an important prerequisite when designing squash racquets is that a high level of orientation stability be ensured at higher ball acceleration, even if the ball strikes the strung frame at different points.
It is the task of the present invention to develop a squash -racquet o~ the type described in the introduction hereto such that it ensures improved ball acceleration at the highest level of precision with respect to orientation and, at the same time, imparts good playing characteristics. According to the present invention, in order to solve this task, it is proposed that the total weight of the racquet, when unstrung, be less than 170 g;
and that the racquet have an impact surface of at least 330 cm2, in particular at least 350 cm2. In the racquets known up to the present time, it is true that some racquets that are of relatively low weight have been proposed although, as a rule, lighter racquets had a significantly smaller impact surface.
Without exception, the large-area squash racquets known up to now have a racquet weight in excess of 185 g if an impact surface of greater than 330 cm2 is to be achieved. These two limiting conditions, which apply to the weight of the racquet when unstrung, and the strung sur~ace, together result in a series of physical characteristics that result either directly or indirectly ~rom these values, for example, characteristic3 with respect to the acceleration o~ the racquet and ball acceleration, and compliance with these conditions with respect to racguet ;
weight and impact sur~ace leads to improved racquet acceleration because o~ the relatively low weight and, because o~ the simultaneously increased impact sur~ace, most surprlsingly, to an increase in ball acceleration, as well. Whereas, given a constant or increasing weight a simple enlargement o~ the impact sur~ace would, of necessity, lead to a reduction o~ racquet acceleration, at the same time, because o~ the greater impact sur~ace and the given elasticity characteristics of the :,'.', ':
,: . ,,. -.....
21~8878 stringing, one would have to assume that a clear increase in ball acceleration could not to be expected. Overall, and most surprisingly, it has been demonstrated that by reducing the total weight of the racquet and simultaneously increasing the impact surface, significantly more precise, and in its overall behaviour, more pleasant play is made possible; this ef~ect can be significantly improved, particularly with regard to the acceleration of the racquet itself if, in addition, at the correspondingly lower racquet weight, when unstrung, of less than 170 g, and in particular less than 165 g, the head weight is less than 83 g, and in particular is less than 78 g.
In this definition, head weight is understood to be that weight which can be measured at the head end as reaction force ~bearing load] when the racquet is supported at the handle end, with the racquet in a horizontal position. A racquet whose head weight, measured in this way, is greater than half the racquet weight must be considered as slightly head-heavy; in contrast to this, racquet with a head weight that is less than half the racquet weight, as measured by this method, would have to be considered as handle-heavy. The solution according to the present invention, when the racquet, in the unstrung state, is designed to have a weight o~ less than 170 g, in particular less than 165 g, with a head weight that is less than 83 g, means, in other words, that what is involved here is a racquet that is almost balanced when strung. What is obtained by doing this is a racquet with which rapid reaction play is made possible slnce, beaause of the low raaquet weight and the weight distribution within the racguet, as proposed by the present invention, the racquet can be moved towards the ball at much greater speed.
Racquets known up to now have used siynificantly greater head weights in order to arrive at acceptable playing characteristics.
Even in the case o~ the extremely light racquets that have been known up to now, the head weights were always much greater than the maximum head weight that is proposed by the present invention .
21 0 8 ~ 7 ~
and, in addition to significantly heavier racquets, there are already racquets on the ~arket which, although distinguished by a total weight of less than 170 g, and in particular less than 165 g, nevertheless also have a head weight of much more than 83 g. The balance of the racquet that is achieved by the combination proposed by the present invention leads to a greater level of stability, despite the low racquet weight, and to precise playing characteristics of the sort that up to now could only be achieved with significantly heavier racquets. At the same time, despite the low weight of the racquet, much the same good ball acceleration has also been observed; in this connection, it is advantageous that the significantly lighter racquet as proposed by the present invention be strung at much higher stringing forces. Whereas conventional squash racquets are normally strung at approximately 12 kg, the racquet according to the present invention should, advantageously, be strung at approximately 14 kg.
.:
An additional and obvious improvement of playing characteristics and, in particular, an especially high level of ball acceleration can be achieved according to the present invention in that the moments o~ inertia at the handle end, in a plane that contains the stringing and in a direction that is normal to this are smaller than 30 gmZ, and in particular smaller than 28.5 gm2.
The values proposed by the present invention thus lie clearly below rormerly known values, although initially it wag ~eared that smaller inertial moments o~ this ~ind could result ln lower ball acceleration and lower impact precision or stability. Most surprisingly, however, the opposite was achieved, whereby a signi~icantly lighter squash racquet that can be rapidly accelerated can be achieved while complying with the cumulative conditions, together with the conditions ~or the upper limit o~ ;
the total weight and the head weight. When this is done, determination o~ the inertial moments is e~ected while securing the racquet at the handle end by measuring the pendulum movement .
:, .
2108~7~
of the racquet during a movement in the plane that contains the ~:
stringing and in a direction that is normal to the stringing plane.
According to the present invention, within the context of the :
conditions for designing the squash racquet, it is also advantageous to comply with the conditions that ~or a racquet, in an unstrung state, with a centre of gravity distance of less than 390 mm, as measured from the handle end, the ratio of the unstrung racquet weight to the head weight is less than 2.07, and the ratio of the centre of gravity distance to the unstrung .
racquet weight is greater than 2.1, when it is preferable that the centre of gravity distance of the unstrung racquet measured from the handle end is between 340 and 380 mm. Finally, it is an advantage that the ratio of head weight to inertial moment be less than 2.81. All of these criteria have been shown to be particularly advantageous for achievinq neutral playing characteristics and, taken together, they result in a balanced, ~ast-accelerating squash racquet that provides a high level of impact precision.
Compared to known racguet designs with relatively large strung areas, the above-defined ratio of head weight to inertial moment, measured, in each instance, on an unstrung ràcquet, results in a ~.
more charaeteristic but relatively smaller di~ference to corresponding values measured on known racquets which, however, without exception di~er from the object o~ the present invention with respect to their weights. Whereas eorrespondlngly large area raequets can easily , without exception, be made with signi~icantly higher raequet weights and higher head weights, it has, most surprisingly, been shown that the greatly improved playing characteristics with respect to impact precision and quick racquet acceleration as well as rapid ball acceleration, which can be achieved by the present invention, can be achieved only by keeping within elearly defined limits, such as, ~or ':
8 7 ~ -example, the upper limit for the head weight to the inertial mom~nt.
Since, all in all, as has heen sPt out in detail above, it is primarily the weight, the head weight, and the impact surface that help improve racquet characteristics, other criteria that make it possible to identify superiority with reference to the quoted playing characteristics were also considered in detail.
In this way, it was determined that particularly favourable properties can be achieved i~ the ratio of the strung area to the inertial moment, measured normally to the plane of the stringing, is greater than 14, and in particular greater than 15. The proportional values that are cited are, without exception cited as absolute numerical values, which when considering the physical values used in each instance for forming the ratios, would strictly speaking come to a corresponding dimension. All known -designs wi~h a racquet weight of less than 200 g have, most surprisingly, resulted in a proportional value o~ at most 13.5 as the upper limit, which;in the fact means that the proportional ~igure of greater than 14, determined according to the present invention, has to be evaluated as being significant ~or the improvement that can be achieved with relation to playing characteristics. This applies, in particular, in the case of the pre~erred minimum value ~or the ratio of strunq area to inertial moment of 15. Similarly, during inve~tigation o~ the racquet accordlng to the present invention, it was determined that the ratio o~ strung area to head weight is advantageously greater than 4.5, and pre~erably greater than 5.2. Here too, it has been found that particularly with reference to the preferred value of at least 5.2, a high value o~ this kind is not achieved by any Or the known large-area sguash racquets, so that in combination with the conditions referred to above with respect to racquet weight, head weight, and/or the impact surface, this value has to be assessed as characteristic.
.. ...
Claims (8)
1. A racquet, in particular a squash racquet, characterized in that the total weight of the racquet when unstrung is less than 170 g; and in that the racquet has an impact surface of no less than 330 cm2, in particular at least 350 cm2.
2. A racquet as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the total weight of the racquet when unstrung is less than 170 g, in particular less than 165 g, and the head weight is less than 83 g, in particular less than 78 g.
3. A racquet as defined in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the inertial moments about the handle end in a plane that contains the stringing and in a direction that is normal to this is, in each instance, smaller than 30 gm2, in particular smaller than 28.5 gm2.
4. A racquet as defined in claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, characterized in that for racquets with a centre of gravity distance, measured in the unstrung state from the handle end, of smaller than 390 mm, the ratio of the unstrung racquet weight to the head weight is smaller than 2.07, and the ratio of the centre of gravity distance to the unstrung racquet weight is greater than 2.1.
5. A racquet as defined in one of the claims l to 4, characterized in that the centre of gravity distance of the unstrung racquet as measured from the handle end is between 340 and 380 mm.
6. A racquet as defined in one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ratio of head weight to inertial moment is smaller than 2.81.
7. A racquet as defined in one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the strung area to the inertial moment, as measured normal to the plane of the stringing, is greater than 14, and in particular greater than 15.
8. A racquet as defined in one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ratio of the strung area to the head weight is greater than 4.5, in particular greater than 5.2.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT33692 | 1992-02-21 | ||
| AT336/92 | 1992-02-21 | ||
| PCT/AT1993/000028 WO1993016766A1 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 1993-02-22 | Racket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2108878A1 true CA2108878A1 (en) | 1993-08-22 |
Family
ID=3487888
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002108878A Abandoned CA2108878A1 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 1993-02-22 | Racket |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0581928A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2108878A1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK115993A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993016766A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2136695B (en) * | 1983-03-18 | 1986-06-18 | Dunlop Ltd | Badminton racket |
| US5062634A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1991-11-05 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Squash racket |
| DE9104024U1 (en) * | 1991-04-03 | 1991-07-18 | Sport & Squash Gmbh, 6915 Dossenheim, De |
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 CA CA002108878A patent/CA2108878A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-22 WO PCT/AT1993/000028 patent/WO1993016766A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-02-22 SK SK1159-93A patent/SK115993A3/en unknown
- 1993-02-22 EP EP93903706A patent/EP0581928A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1993016766A1 (en) | 1993-09-02 |
| EP0581928A1 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
| SK115993A3 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |