CA2105239A1 - Metalworking emulsion cleaner - Google Patents
Metalworking emulsion cleanerInfo
- Publication number
- CA2105239A1 CA2105239A1 CA 2105239 CA2105239A CA2105239A1 CA 2105239 A1 CA2105239 A1 CA 2105239A1 CA 2105239 CA2105239 CA 2105239 CA 2105239 A CA2105239 A CA 2105239A CA 2105239 A1 CA2105239 A1 CA 2105239A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion cleaner
- polyethylene glycol
- oil
- formulation
- emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 claims 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(O)=O XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002257 Plurafac® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004907 Macro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000215175 Telura Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005068 cooling lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/30—Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/18—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/06—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An emulsion cleaner formulation is provided which is free of toxic or hazardous materials listed under SARA 313. The emulsion cleaner formulation employs a blend of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and poly-ethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a stabilizing agent. The emulsion cleaner may also include a nonionic surfactant. The emulsion cleaner also includes both oil soluble and water soluble rust inhibitors.
An emulsion cleaner formulation is provided which is free of toxic or hazardous materials listed under SARA 313. The emulsion cleaner formulation employs a blend of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and poly-ethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a stabilizing agent. The emulsion cleaner may also include a nonionic surfactant. The emulsion cleaner also includes both oil soluble and water soluble rust inhibitors.
Description
2 1 ~ .3 i~
METALWORKING EMULSION CLEANER
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to metal working emulsion cleaners which comprise oil-in-water emulsions used to clean machined metal parts and leave a thin oil film to provide corrosion protection. More particularly, the present invention relates to an emulsion cleaner which is stable as a concentrate, resistant to foaming during use and is free of toxic or hazardous materials.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
.. ~ .
Emulsion cleaners are employed in the metal treatment - industry to clean and passivate a metal surface. These type of -~
cleaners are typically oil based and form a macroemulsion when mixed with water. This type of cleaner is typically used to remove gross soil contaminants, fines, and cooling lubricants from machined metal surfaces. The cleaned metal surfaces do not become "water break-free" clean in the traditional sense. -~
2 3L ~ t3 2 e~ ~
This type of "cleaner" leaves an oily film on the surface that provides rust protection.
Emulsion cleaners and clean and passivate treatments some-times can be interchangeable. Emulsion cleaners usually provide longer term passivation and may be followed by a subsequent step of an oil preservative spray where long times in storage are anticipated. Treated parts may need to remain rust free, while exposed in the manufacturing plant, for from several hours up to thirty days. In order to maintain the rust prevention abilities, these type of cleaners are not rinsed. Commercial emulsion cleaners typically comprising a mixture of oil and emulsifiers which are mixed with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion. In a typical commercial emulsion cleaner, a coupling agent or variety of coupling agents are used to produce a stable concentrate.
Conventional coupling agents include butyl cellosolve, butyl carbitol or some similar glycol ether to produce a stable concentrate. Currently, glycol ethers are listed as toxic or hazardous under SARA 313 which makes their use in a commercial setting undesirable.
Typical commercial emulsion cleaners employ oil soluble rust inhibitors which are compatible with the oil phase. Such oil soluble rust inhibitors are relatively easy to incorporate into a stable concentrate. In practice, the emulsion baths tend to be metastable and separate to some extent into an oil rich layer and an aqueous layer. Concentration gradients occur with the oil layer being rich in the oil soluble rust inhibitor and the aqueous phase 2~0;3~
being depleted in rust inhibiting components. When such separa-tion occurs, the metal surfaces being treated are not adequately protected from rusting.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It was discovered that an emulsion cleaner which is resistant to foam formation during use, stable as a concentrate, and free of toxic or hazardous materials could be formulated. The emulsion cleaner of the present invention avoids the use of conven-tional stabilizing coupling agents. The emulsion cleaner of the present invention employs a blend of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethy-lene glycol (400) monooleate to stabilize a concentrated emulsion cleaner. This blend also facilitates the formation of oil-in-water emulsions when the concentrate is mixed with water prior to use. This formulation avoids the SARA 313 listed glycol ethers that have been commonly used as coupling agents. The formulation of the present invention may also include a nonionic surfactant which enhances the stability of the oil-in-water emulsion bath.
In the formulation of the present invention, in addition to the conventional addition of an oil soluble corrosion inhibitor to the oil phase, a water soluble corrosion inhibitor is added to the concentrate. Thus, upon addition of the concentrate to water, prior to use, both phases of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion will include a corrosion inhibitor.
2~Qi~;239 Thus, the present invention is directed to a combination of a triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a solubilizing agent in an emulsion cleaner. The formulation of the present invention is an efficacious replacement for conven-tional glycol ether based coupling agents. The formulation of the present invention may also include a nonionic surfactant which enhances the stability of the working, oil-in-water emulsion bath.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present inventor discovered an emulsion cleaner formu-lation which is stable both as a concentrate and as a working so-lution. The formulation of the present invention is also resis-tant to foam formation during use and is free of toxic or hazar-dous materials. The formulation of the present invention employs a unique combination of a triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate, and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a substitute for a glycol ether coupling agent. This combination provides an enhanced stabilizing effect in both a concentrate and working solution. The combination is free of toxic or hazardous materials listed under SARA 313.
Because of increasingly onerous regulations regarding the use of materials.listed as hazardous or toxic under SARA 313, there is a demand for efficacious replacements for SARA 313 listed chemicals in commercial operations. In addition, the optional inclusion of a nonionic surfactant in the formulation of the present invention enhances the stability of the oil-in-water working emulsion cleaner bath.
The emulsion cleaner formulation of the present invention is typically supplied as a concentrate which is diluted with water prior to use. Upon dilution a working solution comprising a milky oil-in-water emulsion forms. The formulation of the present inven-tion provides for stability in both the concentrate and dilute or working solution. By stable, it is meant that the formulation is resistant to separation into an oil layer and a water layer. The formulation of the present invention has also been found to be resistant to the formation of foam in the working bath. During use, the formulation of the present invention is applied to metal surfaces by spraying, immersion or flow coating. The formation of foam in the working bath can have detrimental effects on bath stability, efficiency of film formation, corrosion protection, and operation of the application equipment.
The formulation of the present invention employs the com-bination of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, poly-ethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethylene glycol 400 mono-oleate, preferably along with an anionic surfactant, to replace a glycol ether coupling agent in an emulsion cleaner. The conven-tional materials present in an emulsion cleaner concentrate include oil such as napthenic industrial process oil, sodium -.
2 ~ ~ 3 petroleum sulfonate, an oil soluble rust inhibitor, and monoethan-olamine. The formulation of the present invention also includes a water soluble rust inhibitor.
In the preferred formulation of the present invention, the triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid comprises from about 0.5 to 10% preferably 2.0% of the concentrate. The polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate are preferably present in a ratio of 1 to 5 and comprise from about 1 to 4% and preferably 2.4% of the concentrate. The nonionic sur-factant is preferably an alkoxylated fatty alcohol such as polyoxy-ethylene polyoxypropylene ether of an alcohol such as Plurafac RA20 available from BASF. The concentrate of the present invention is typically diluted by adding 1 to 5 parts concentrate to 100 parts water to form the working bath.
In the preferred embodiment, the triethanolamine soap of a tall oil fatty acid is preferably provided by a mixture of tall oil fatty acid such as Westvaco L5 available from Westvaco Corpo-ration, and triethanolamine. The oil phase of thë emulsion cleaner can comprise a naphthenic process oil such as Telura 323 available from Witco Chemical Corporation. The preferred emulsion cleaner also includes sodium petroleum sulfonate such as Petrosol M50 available from Penreco. The preferred oil soluble rust inhibitor of the present invention is a mixture of a proprietary barium soap, proprietary high molecular weight organic acids, sodium petroleum sulfonate and a severely hydrotreated heavy napthenic distillate available as Alox 575 from Alox Corporation.
2~ Ç~
The preferred water soluble rust inhibitor of the present inven-tion is isononanoic acid, a 3,5,5, trimethylhexanoio acid avail-able from American Hoeschst Corporation.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and tables which should not be construed as limiting the invention defined in the claims.
Examples Testing was conducted with two commercially available ; -~
emulsion cleaners and an emulsion cleaner in accordance with the present invention. The testing included corrosion inhibition and stability of the concentrate. The commercial emulsion cleaners tested were Chrysan 418 available from Chrysan Industries and ~;
Betz DH-1767 available from Betz Laboratories of Trevose, PA.
The corrosion inhibition testing comprised wetting cast iron chips resting on filter paper with the emulsion cleaner to be tested, pouring off the cleaner after 30 minutes and exposing the wet chips to the atmosphere for 24 hours. The rating is based on - the number of rust spots on the filter paper after removing the chips and on the degree of rust protection based on observation of the chips themselves. Stability was tested by preparing a working concentration of the emulsion cleaner, shaking to mix thoroughly, pouring into a volumetric flask with a neck indexed from 1-10 milliliters, allowing to sit overnight, and recording the milliliters of oil which separated out of the emulsion.
2 ~ ~ r i Table 1 summarizes the makeup of two formulations tested alongside the commercial emulsion cleaners. Formulation 1 does not include the combination of polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate, .
polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate and triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid while formulation 2 is in accordance with the present invention. -~:~
Formulation naphthenic process oil 78 81.3 tall oil fatty acid 4 2 45% KOH 2 Triethanolamine 99% 2 2 Alox 575 3 4 Alox 165 3 Isononanoic Acid 2 2.2 sodium petroleum sulfonate 5 7.0 polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate -- 0.2 polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate - -- 1.0 Plurafac RA20 1 0.1 monoethanolamine 39% -- 0.2 Table 2 summarizes the results of the stability testing and ~
corrosion inhibition testing. ~;.
, . . .. . .. .. ., , ~ . . ...... . .
rJ ~
Chrysan Betz 418 DH-1767 (1l (2) chip test (paper) 30S NRS GR NRS
chip test (chips) MR NR 30S+ NR
layering (mls) 1.5 1.3 0.2 0.4 NR = no chip rusting MR = mild chip rusting GR = general chip rusting NRS = no rust spots on filter paper 6S = 6 rust spots on filter paper Table 2 shows that formulation 2, in accordance with the present invention provides, an emulsion cleaner which is more effective and more stable than current commercial emulsion cleaners.
. . .:
, While the present invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
.- '~ ,:
METALWORKING EMULSION CLEANER
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to metal working emulsion cleaners which comprise oil-in-water emulsions used to clean machined metal parts and leave a thin oil film to provide corrosion protection. More particularly, the present invention relates to an emulsion cleaner which is stable as a concentrate, resistant to foaming during use and is free of toxic or hazardous materials.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
.. ~ .
Emulsion cleaners are employed in the metal treatment - industry to clean and passivate a metal surface. These type of -~
cleaners are typically oil based and form a macroemulsion when mixed with water. This type of cleaner is typically used to remove gross soil contaminants, fines, and cooling lubricants from machined metal surfaces. The cleaned metal surfaces do not become "water break-free" clean in the traditional sense. -~
2 3L ~ t3 2 e~ ~
This type of "cleaner" leaves an oily film on the surface that provides rust protection.
Emulsion cleaners and clean and passivate treatments some-times can be interchangeable. Emulsion cleaners usually provide longer term passivation and may be followed by a subsequent step of an oil preservative spray where long times in storage are anticipated. Treated parts may need to remain rust free, while exposed in the manufacturing plant, for from several hours up to thirty days. In order to maintain the rust prevention abilities, these type of cleaners are not rinsed. Commercial emulsion cleaners typically comprising a mixture of oil and emulsifiers which are mixed with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion. In a typical commercial emulsion cleaner, a coupling agent or variety of coupling agents are used to produce a stable concentrate.
Conventional coupling agents include butyl cellosolve, butyl carbitol or some similar glycol ether to produce a stable concentrate. Currently, glycol ethers are listed as toxic or hazardous under SARA 313 which makes their use in a commercial setting undesirable.
Typical commercial emulsion cleaners employ oil soluble rust inhibitors which are compatible with the oil phase. Such oil soluble rust inhibitors are relatively easy to incorporate into a stable concentrate. In practice, the emulsion baths tend to be metastable and separate to some extent into an oil rich layer and an aqueous layer. Concentration gradients occur with the oil layer being rich in the oil soluble rust inhibitor and the aqueous phase 2~0;3~
being depleted in rust inhibiting components. When such separa-tion occurs, the metal surfaces being treated are not adequately protected from rusting.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It was discovered that an emulsion cleaner which is resistant to foam formation during use, stable as a concentrate, and free of toxic or hazardous materials could be formulated. The emulsion cleaner of the present invention avoids the use of conven-tional stabilizing coupling agents. The emulsion cleaner of the present invention employs a blend of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethy-lene glycol (400) monooleate to stabilize a concentrated emulsion cleaner. This blend also facilitates the formation of oil-in-water emulsions when the concentrate is mixed with water prior to use. This formulation avoids the SARA 313 listed glycol ethers that have been commonly used as coupling agents. The formulation of the present invention may also include a nonionic surfactant which enhances the stability of the oil-in-water emulsion bath.
In the formulation of the present invention, in addition to the conventional addition of an oil soluble corrosion inhibitor to the oil phase, a water soluble corrosion inhibitor is added to the concentrate. Thus, upon addition of the concentrate to water, prior to use, both phases of the resulting oil-in-water emulsion will include a corrosion inhibitor.
2~Qi~;239 Thus, the present invention is directed to a combination of a triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a solubilizing agent in an emulsion cleaner. The formulation of the present invention is an efficacious replacement for conven-tional glycol ether based coupling agents. The formulation of the present invention may also include a nonionic surfactant which enhances the stability of the working, oil-in-water emulsion bath.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present inventor discovered an emulsion cleaner formu-lation which is stable both as a concentrate and as a working so-lution. The formulation of the present invention is also resis-tant to foam formation during use and is free of toxic or hazar-dous materials. The formulation of the present invention employs a unique combination of a triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate, and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate as a substitute for a glycol ether coupling agent. This combination provides an enhanced stabilizing effect in both a concentrate and working solution. The combination is free of toxic or hazardous materials listed under SARA 313.
Because of increasingly onerous regulations regarding the use of materials.listed as hazardous or toxic under SARA 313, there is a demand for efficacious replacements for SARA 313 listed chemicals in commercial operations. In addition, the optional inclusion of a nonionic surfactant in the formulation of the present invention enhances the stability of the oil-in-water working emulsion cleaner bath.
The emulsion cleaner formulation of the present invention is typically supplied as a concentrate which is diluted with water prior to use. Upon dilution a working solution comprising a milky oil-in-water emulsion forms. The formulation of the present inven-tion provides for stability in both the concentrate and dilute or working solution. By stable, it is meant that the formulation is resistant to separation into an oil layer and a water layer. The formulation of the present invention has also been found to be resistant to the formation of foam in the working bath. During use, the formulation of the present invention is applied to metal surfaces by spraying, immersion or flow coating. The formation of foam in the working bath can have detrimental effects on bath stability, efficiency of film formation, corrosion protection, and operation of the application equipment.
The formulation of the present invention employs the com-bination of triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid, poly-ethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethylene glycol 400 mono-oleate, preferably along with an anionic surfactant, to replace a glycol ether coupling agent in an emulsion cleaner. The conven-tional materials present in an emulsion cleaner concentrate include oil such as napthenic industrial process oil, sodium -.
2 ~ ~ 3 petroleum sulfonate, an oil soluble rust inhibitor, and monoethan-olamine. The formulation of the present invention also includes a water soluble rust inhibitor.
In the preferred formulation of the present invention, the triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid comprises from about 0.5 to 10% preferably 2.0% of the concentrate. The polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate are preferably present in a ratio of 1 to 5 and comprise from about 1 to 4% and preferably 2.4% of the concentrate. The nonionic sur-factant is preferably an alkoxylated fatty alcohol such as polyoxy-ethylene polyoxypropylene ether of an alcohol such as Plurafac RA20 available from BASF. The concentrate of the present invention is typically diluted by adding 1 to 5 parts concentrate to 100 parts water to form the working bath.
In the preferred embodiment, the triethanolamine soap of a tall oil fatty acid is preferably provided by a mixture of tall oil fatty acid such as Westvaco L5 available from Westvaco Corpo-ration, and triethanolamine. The oil phase of thë emulsion cleaner can comprise a naphthenic process oil such as Telura 323 available from Witco Chemical Corporation. The preferred emulsion cleaner also includes sodium petroleum sulfonate such as Petrosol M50 available from Penreco. The preferred oil soluble rust inhibitor of the present invention is a mixture of a proprietary barium soap, proprietary high molecular weight organic acids, sodium petroleum sulfonate and a severely hydrotreated heavy napthenic distillate available as Alox 575 from Alox Corporation.
2~ Ç~
The preferred water soluble rust inhibitor of the present inven-tion is isononanoic acid, a 3,5,5, trimethylhexanoio acid avail-able from American Hoeschst Corporation.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and tables which should not be construed as limiting the invention defined in the claims.
Examples Testing was conducted with two commercially available ; -~
emulsion cleaners and an emulsion cleaner in accordance with the present invention. The testing included corrosion inhibition and stability of the concentrate. The commercial emulsion cleaners tested were Chrysan 418 available from Chrysan Industries and ~;
Betz DH-1767 available from Betz Laboratories of Trevose, PA.
The corrosion inhibition testing comprised wetting cast iron chips resting on filter paper with the emulsion cleaner to be tested, pouring off the cleaner after 30 minutes and exposing the wet chips to the atmosphere for 24 hours. The rating is based on - the number of rust spots on the filter paper after removing the chips and on the degree of rust protection based on observation of the chips themselves. Stability was tested by preparing a working concentration of the emulsion cleaner, shaking to mix thoroughly, pouring into a volumetric flask with a neck indexed from 1-10 milliliters, allowing to sit overnight, and recording the milliliters of oil which separated out of the emulsion.
2 ~ ~ r i Table 1 summarizes the makeup of two formulations tested alongside the commercial emulsion cleaners. Formulation 1 does not include the combination of polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate, .
polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate and triethanolamine soap of tall oil fatty acid while formulation 2 is in accordance with the present invention. -~:~
Formulation naphthenic process oil 78 81.3 tall oil fatty acid 4 2 45% KOH 2 Triethanolamine 99% 2 2 Alox 575 3 4 Alox 165 3 Isononanoic Acid 2 2.2 sodium petroleum sulfonate 5 7.0 polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate -- 0.2 polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate - -- 1.0 Plurafac RA20 1 0.1 monoethanolamine 39% -- 0.2 Table 2 summarizes the results of the stability testing and ~
corrosion inhibition testing. ~;.
, . . .. . .. .. ., , ~ . . ...... . .
rJ ~
Chrysan Betz 418 DH-1767 (1l (2) chip test (paper) 30S NRS GR NRS
chip test (chips) MR NR 30S+ NR
layering (mls) 1.5 1.3 0.2 0.4 NR = no chip rusting MR = mild chip rusting GR = general chip rusting NRS = no rust spots on filter paper 6S = 6 rust spots on filter paper Table 2 shows that formulation 2, in accordance with the present invention provides, an emulsion cleaner which is more effective and more stable than current commercial emulsion cleaners.
. . .:
, While the present invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
.- '~ ,:
Claims (8)
1. An improved metal working emulsion cleaner concen-trate formulation including a napthenic process oil, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and monoethanolamine, wherein the improvement comprises a stability enhancing combination of triethanolamine, tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate.
2. The emulsion cleaner of claim 1 wherein said stability enhancing combination further includes a nonionic surfactant.
3. The stability enhancing combination of claim 1 wherein the ratio of polyethylene glycol (400) dioleate to polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate is about 1 to 5.
4. The metal working emulsion cleaner concentrate of claim 1 diluted with water to form an oil-in-water metal working emulsion cleaner.
5. A metal working emulsion cleaner concentrate formulation comprising napthenic process oil, sodium petroleum sulfonate, monoethanolamine, an oil soluble rust inhibitor, a water soluble rust inhibitor, and a stabilizing agent comprising a combination of triethanolamine, tall oil fatty acid, polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate and polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate.
6. The metal working emulsion cleaner concentrate formulation of claim 5 wherein the ratio of polyethylene glycol 400 dioleate to polyethanolamine glycol (400) monooleate is about 1 to 5.
7. The metal working emulsion cleaner concentrate formulation of claim 5 further including a nonionic surfactant.
8. The metal working emulsion cleaner concentrate formulation of claim 7 wherein said nonionic surfactant is a poly-oxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether of an alcohol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2105239 CA2105239A1 (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Metalworking emulsion cleaner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2105239 CA2105239A1 (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Metalworking emulsion cleaner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2105239A1 true CA2105239A1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
Family
ID=4152236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2105239 Abandoned CA2105239A1 (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Metalworking emulsion cleaner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2105239A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830548A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 吴江市震宇缝制设备有限公司 | Oil stain detergent for sewing machine overhauling |
-
1993
- 1993-08-31 CA CA 2105239 patent/CA2105239A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830548A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 吴江市震宇缝制设备有限公司 | Oil stain detergent for sewing machine overhauling |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6228830B1 (en) | Heavy oil remover | |
| EP0986624B1 (en) | Cleaning composition and method of use | |
| EP0643127B1 (en) | Processes and compositions for improving the mobility of aluminium cans when conveyed by automatic conveying equipment | |
| CA1282666C (en) | Demulsifying cleaning preparation having a prolonged surface-wetting effect | |
| US5972874A (en) | Stable microemulsion cleaners having low volatile organic content | |
| AU8623998A (en) | Low-foam cleaning agent | |
| EA013838B1 (en) | Use of quaternary ammonium carbonates as anticorrosive agents, method for inhibiting corrosion and anticorrosive coatings using these agents | |
| CN109252176B (en) | Stain-removing and rust-preventing two-in-one cleaning agent | |
| US20010056046A1 (en) | Low-foam emulgator system and emulsion concentrate containing the same | |
| JPH0641582A (en) | Detergent composition for gas turbine air compressor | |
| US5998352A (en) | Heavy oil remover | |
| CA2214114C (en) | Microemulsion cleaners having decreased odor | |
| EP1375606A2 (en) | Flushing solutions for coatings removal | |
| JP3514782B2 (en) | Low residue cleaning agent | |
| US5470508A (en) | Aqueous oil removal composition containing higher-alkyl pyrrolidone | |
| CA2105239A1 (en) | Metalworking emulsion cleaner | |
| US5518640A (en) | Metal working emulsion cleaner | |
| JP3227022B2 (en) | Detergent composition | |
| US5468412A (en) | Low foaming aqueous cleaning and passivating treatment for metals | |
| CA2268130C (en) | Alkaline hard surface cleaner and process therewith | |
| US5668096A (en) | Cleaning and passivating treatment for metals | |
| EP0691421A1 (en) | Oil-splitting aluminum cleaner and method | |
| CA2105135A1 (en) | Low foaming aqueous cleaning and passivating treatment for metals | |
| CA1161026A (en) | Inherently bactericidal metal working fluid | |
| JP2881335B2 (en) | Detergent composition |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |