CA2104314A1 - Wrench - Google Patents
WrenchInfo
- Publication number
- CA2104314A1 CA2104314A1 CA002104314A CA2104314A CA2104314A1 CA 2104314 A1 CA2104314 A1 CA 2104314A1 CA 002104314 A CA002104314 A CA 002104314A CA 2104314 A CA2104314 A CA 2104314A CA 2104314 A1 CA2104314 A1 CA 2104314A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- jaw
- handle
- jaw member
- wrench
- spring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/10—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws
- B25B13/12—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws the jaws being slidable
- B25B13/14—Spanners; Wrenches with adjustable jaws the jaws being slidable by rack and pinion, worm or gear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
- B25B13/50—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes
- B25B13/5008—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects
- B25B13/5016—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe
- B25B13/5025—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool
- B25B13/5041—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool with movable or adjustable jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
- B25B13/50—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes
- B25B13/5008—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects
- B25B13/5016—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe
- B25B13/5025—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool
- B25B13/5041—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes for operating on pipes or cylindrical objects by externally gripping the pipe using a pipe wrench type tool with movable or adjustable jaws
- B25B13/5058—Linearly moving or adjustable, e.g. with an additional small tilting or rocking movement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The wrench has self adjusting and self clamping properties and comprises a first jaw member having a first jaw on one side and a pair of spaced apart walls on the opposite side for accommodating a handle therebetween. The handle is held to the spaced apart side walls through a rivet pin. The wrench further comprises a second jaw member disposed in a slidable relationship to the first jaw member.
The second jaw member has a second jaw co-operating with a first jaw. A rack is provided with the second jaw member and in constant engagement with a segmental rack provided with the handle. Biasing means are provided between the first jaw member and the handle and comprises a helical spring disposed within a housing provided in the spaced apart side walls.
The wrench has self adjusting and self clamping properties and comprises a first jaw member having a first jaw on one side and a pair of spaced apart walls on the opposite side for accommodating a handle therebetween. The handle is held to the spaced apart side walls through a rivet pin. The wrench further comprises a second jaw member disposed in a slidable relationship to the first jaw member.
The second jaw member has a second jaw co-operating with a first jaw. A rack is provided with the second jaw member and in constant engagement with a segmental rack provided with the handle. Biasing means are provided between the first jaw member and the handle and comprises a helical spring disposed within a housing provided in the spaced apart side walls.
Description
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~j BACKGROUND OF INVENTIO~
This inventiGn relates to a wrench having self adjusting and self clamping properties~ In particular, this invention relates to a wrench having the aforesaid properties and a pivotal handle provided therewith.
PRIOR ART
One of the earliest known wrenches to have a ~;j pivotal handle for displ~acing a movable jaw either ~owards or away from a fixed jaw has been suggested ;~ 10 by Granstrom et. al. in US Patent No.664,634. Such a wrench comprises a fixed jaw and a sliding jaw, the forward portion of a handle pivotally held between spaced side walls of the fixed jaw. The forward end of the handle has a segmental rack which engages with the rack on the sliding jaw. Thus, a pivotal actuation of the handle results in a sliding movement of the sliding jaw either towards or away from said fixed jaw, depending upon the direction of actuation o~ said handle. A disadvantage associated with such a known construction of a wrench is that it was not seIf adjusting or self clamping.
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f Another wrench known in the art has been disclosed by Fraser in ,rJ.S. Patent No.1771172.
The wrench of Fraser also comprises a stationary - jaw and a slidable jaw with the forward portion of a handle being pivotally held through a rivet to said stationary jaw. The front end of the handle has a toothed rack, but provided in an offset relationship with respect to the central longi-tudinal axis of the handle. The slidable jaw has a slide with a rack adapted to engage, but . ~.
only in an operative position, with the rack of the handle. It is believed that an offset relationship of the rack of the handle is provided so as to allow the two racks to be in a disengagement in an inoperative position of the wrench. The slidable jaw is biased with respect to the fixed jaw and for which purpose one end of a coiled spring is held to an anchoring pin provided on the fixed jaw, the other end of 20 ~ the spring being held to an anc,horlng pin provided on the slide of said slidable jaw.
Several distinct disadvantages are associated with the wrench of Fraser, and of which only a few j~
are described hereinbelow. One such disadvantage ` 2 Y.. ~f: ~, - ' ' ."j ~ .
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~; is that the torque applied to the nut or bolt , is reduced due to such an offset relationship.
; Yet another disadvantage is that as the tworacks are not in a constant mating relationship, the teeth of one rack could project onto that of the other rack, and thereby providing an ~ndersired ~< locking action. A still further disadvantage is ~:1 that as the spring is under tension, a substantial ,.,j force is transmitted to the pins resulting in a shear of the pins. Further, the rivet had a tendency to be displaced. Yet another disadvantages is that the Fraser wrench did not have a ratcheting action. -~
A further disadvantage is that the-wrench of Fraser ~-cannot clamp the infinite non-standard sizes of ;
lS nuts and bolts. ~ ;
Yet another wrench has been described by Webb et.al. in U.S. patent no.874269. The wrench of Webb et.al. also comprises a jaw slidable between the sidewalls of a fixed ]aw. The two spaced apart sidewalls are provided in the shank portion of the fixed jaw, a handle being pivotal~ly mounted between said sidewalls and having ~rack teeth in the front ;
portion in engagement with the rack teeth provided with the slidable jaw. The biasing means is provided 3 ~ -~
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in the shank or body portion of the slidable jaw comprises a recess to receive a ro~l. The lower end of the rod is connected with a base plate provided at the lower end of the head of the wrenc h, a coiled spring embracing said rod. In such a construction, the slidable jaw is opened outwardly by the action of the handle, the outward movement of said jaw depressing the spring. Several disadva ntages i are associated with such a wrench and certain of ~-which have been described with regard to the wrench of Fraser. ~ -OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
An object of this invention is to propose an improved construction of a wrench which obviates the ;~
lS disadvantages referred to hereinabove.
Another object of this invention is to propose a wrench capable of withstanding greater torque forces than those of the known art.
Yet another object of thls invention is to propose a wrench and wherein the grip over a nut ~;
and bolt is directly proportionate to the force applied and thereby eliminating slippage.
Still another object of this invention is to propose a wrench which has a ratcheting action.
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A further object of this invention is to , propose a wrench which is versatile.
:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to this invention there i9 provided , 5 a self-adjusting, self-clamping wrench comprising :
i) first and second jaw members;
ii) a handle extending longitudinally outwardly from said first jaw member; ~ -iii) said first jaw member and handle being .;
pivotally connected to each other through a : rivet; ~`; ;~;`
iv) said first jaw member having a first jaw and extending through a web into a pair of spaced apart walls for accommodating said handle therebetween, a guide rail on the inner surface of at least one of the walls; ~ -~
v) said second jaw member being provided in a . :
slidable relationship to said~first jaw~member :~:
and being of a generally L-shape conf1guration ~ 2a ;~ in side elevation and h~aving a second jaw ;~ cooperating with said first jaw;
yi) said second jaw extending into~a web, the face of the web in the proximity of the second jaw having a longitudinal groove for slidable ~ `
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~ engagement with the rail of said first jaw -~ member, a rack at the opposite face of said web; :~
:~ vii) the handle having a front end with a segmental rack in constant engagement with the rack of said second jaw member;
viii) means to bias said first jaw member towards said second jaw member;
.~i ix) said biasing means comprising a recess in at ,~ 10 least one wall of said first jaw member ~or :-housing a helical spring therein, one end of .~ said spring held within a hole provided in said first jaw member, the opposite end of ~ `
said spring held to said handle, said spring .
~: 15 posltioned around said riv*t.
DESCRIPTION WITH RESPECT TO THE DRAWINGS HAVING TWO :~
: ~IASING MEANS
Fig.lA i: a front view of a heavy duty wrench with : a portion broken away :howing a sectional 20 ~ view;
Fig.lB shows a front vi:w of a heavy du~ty wrench without th~: b1asing means;
Fig.lC shows the rivet for a heavy duty wrench:
: ; Fig.2A is a front view of:a standard wrench having a single biasing means with a portion broken away showing a sectional vlew; ~; ;
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210~314 Fig.2B shows a front view of a standard wrench without the biasing means, Fig.2C shows the rivet for the wrench of Fig.2A;
Fig.3 shows an embodi~ent of the first jaw member having only a single housing for a single -~
:. . :
.~ biasing means;
Fig.4 shows the embodiment of the first jaw member having two biasing means: and Fig.5 shows the handle.
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate similar parts throughout, wrench 1 of the present invention comprises a first jaw member 2 and a second jaw member 3 with a handle 4 pivotally connected to first jaw member 2 and extending longitudinally therefrom.
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Jaw member 2 comprises a jaw S having a gripping surface 16 to consist of a plurality of serrations 15 inclined in the direction of rivet pin 21. JdW 5 extends through a web portion lQ ; ;
into a pair of spaced apart walls 7 for accommodating the forward portion 8 of~ hanâIe 4 therebetween. For this purpose, walls 7 have each aligned holes 9 coincident with hole 22 of handle 4 and such that jaw member 2 and handle 4 is held in a pivotal 2S relationship to each other by a rivet pin 21 extending through holes 9 of wal:Ls 7 and hole 22 of handle 4. i ;i ,,~ ~ ,, -~ 7 210~31~
!~ A guide rail 11 in the form of a lateral step is ~rranged at the lower side of ~t least one of the sidewalls 7 and disposed at right angles to the . serrated face of jaw 5. ~uide rail 11 extends ~:~
; 5 along the entire length of the inner s~rface of . sidewall 7. Though not shown in the drawings, a ~:
guide rail 11 may be provided on both of sidewalls 7.
Wrench 1 further comprises a jaw member 3 of .
generally L-shaped configuration in side elevation and comprises a web 14 extending at one end into a jaw 13 having a gripping surface 12 to consist preferably of serrations 6 and cooperating with ,: ~-the gripping surface 16 of jaw 5 when clamped onto '¦ a nut or bolt. Serrations 6 are inclined in a direction opposite to that of serrations 15.
longitudinal groove 17 Web 14 has a/disposed at right angles to gripping surface 12, said groove slidably engaged with guide rail 11 of jaw member 2 and such as to guide the sliding movement of jaw member 3 in relation to jaw member 2.
The opposite end of jaw member 3 has a rack 18.
Handle 4 comprises a generally rectangular : shaped bar with the forward p~rtion 8 adapted to be disposed within sidewalls 7 of jaw member 2 and ~ pivotally held thereto by rivet pin 21. The front 5~ 25 end 19 of handle 4 is provided with a sector gear ~ . :~ ~
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20 comprising, for example, of two gear teeth 23 separated by a valley 24. Handle 4 is so designed and the elements of the wrench so arranged that sector - '` .:
gear 20 is in constant engagement with rack 18 of ,aw member 3 even in an inoperative position of .
wrench 1. Such a constant engagement prevents the possibility of tooth 23 projecting onto a tooth of rack 18, and thereby avoiding the disadvantage of an undesired locking action.
In accordance with this invention, sector gear 20 is located centrally of handle 4 and not in an offset relationship. Thus, when an input torque is :~
applied to handle 4, a transfer of the force is effected directly about the central longitudinal axis of handle 4. Furthermore, the possibility of a shear of the front portion of handle 4 is avoided ~ ;~
when a torque is applied to handle 4. Any suitable preformed cover member 25 rnay be provided with handle 4, said cover member 25 providing~thermal and electrical insulation.
: Further, in accordan:ce:with this invention, wrench 1 has a biasing means for jaw member 2 and such that a pivotal movement of jaw member 2 is effected aga1nst the tension applied by the biasing 9 ~
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s means. Such a biasing means is provided for each 'i of sidewalls 7 in respect of the heavy duty wrench 1 of FigsOlA to lC and comprises a housing in the form of a recess 26 concentrically and symmetrically located around its respective hole 9. Recess 26 forms a housing for a helical spring 27, and such that each sidewall 7 has a recess 26 with its respective spring 2-7. Preferably, the depth of recass 26 should be greater than the diameter of spring 27 so that a movement of handle 4 does not cause any friction between handle 4 and spring 27.
Such a friction can result in a breakage of spring 27.
Furthermore, an overlapping of spring 27 is avoided `~
and, whereby, a locking of wrench 1 due to an overlapping of spring 27 is avo~ded. Yet another advantage by providing recess 26 of a greater depth is that there is an absence of a play between the forward portion 8 of handle 4 and the inner surface ~;~ of sidewalls 7 and, whereby, the force arising from 2~ such a play and acting on the rivet pin 21 is avoided. Thus, the possibiIity of an axial displacement ~;~
; of rivet 21 is reduced.
The biasing means further comprises a collar 28 extending inwardly on the inner surface of hole 9 but having a length substantially less than that of x~ the depth of recess 26. Collar 28 is essentially ~ ':' : 10 " ~ " ; ~
21~31~
a locating member and, further, prevents spring 27 from collapsing. Each of the recesses 26 has a hole 29 for holding one end of spring 27, the other end of spring 27 being located and held within a slot 30 o handle 4.
As described hereinabove, recess 26 has preferably a depth greater than the diameter of spring 2/. Ilowever, and in accordance with another embodiment, recess 26 may have a depth corresponding to the diameter of spring 1') 27.
~he biasing means of Figs.2A to 2C is substantially similar ~o that of Fig.l except that a single helical spring 31 is provided in a recess 32 of one of tne sidewalls 7. Further, recess 32 has a longitudinally extending passage or arm 33 with a hole 34. Helical spring 31 extends into a tangential arm 35 disposed - with the end of said spring held within hole 34. The opposite end of spring 31 is located and held within a hole 36 in handle 4.
2G For operating the wrench to effect a losening or tightening of a bolt or nut, handle ~ is held by one hand of an operator and jaw member 2 pivotally displaced aaainst the tension of spring 27 or 31 and such as to open jaws 5 and 13 by pushing or 210~3~ ~
thrustin~ wrench 1 on 'V' of nut/bolt. Once jaws 5 and 13 are introduced onto the bolt or nut head, the force applied by the operator on jaw member 2 is released so that jaws 2 and 3 grip and clamp the nut or bolt head. When an input torque is applied to rotate handle 4 so as to turn the nut or bolt, `
whether for tightening or loosening, the clamping or gripping action of the jaws 5 and 13 is increased.
~ Thus, the more force applied to handle 4, the greater r3 10 gripO As a result, the mechanism essentially obviates any chance for slippage. Due to a ratcheting action, a displacement of handle 4 in the anticlockwise during a tightening operation or in the clockwise direction in a loosening operation does not transfer ~`
any torque to the bolt or nut.
Reference is now made to rivet pin 21. In ~;
accordance with this invention rivet pin 21 comprises r; a female member 37 and male members 38. Female member 37 is a bush subjected to a heat treatment so as to impart the necessary strength. Bush 37 is open at either ends to receive the male member 36 comprising a head provided at one end of a rod and such that male members 38 are press fitted into bush. ~
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The standard spanner 1 of the present invention has a weight of only 235 gms. or 8.3OZ. + 10~ and capable of withstanding a torque force of 100 lbft or 135 Nm and a capacity of use with nuts or bolts having an A/F '~" to 7/8 or A/F 6-22mm. The heavy duty spanner 1 has a ~Jeight o~- 950 gms or 33.50O~. ~ 10 and capable of withstanding a torque force of 250 lbft or 340 Nm, and a capacity of use with nuts or bolts j having an A/F of 5/8" to 13/8" or 15 to 41mm.
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~j BACKGROUND OF INVENTIO~
This inventiGn relates to a wrench having self adjusting and self clamping properties~ In particular, this invention relates to a wrench having the aforesaid properties and a pivotal handle provided therewith.
PRIOR ART
One of the earliest known wrenches to have a ~;j pivotal handle for displ~acing a movable jaw either ~owards or away from a fixed jaw has been suggested ;~ 10 by Granstrom et. al. in US Patent No.664,634. Such a wrench comprises a fixed jaw and a sliding jaw, the forward portion of a handle pivotally held between spaced side walls of the fixed jaw. The forward end of the handle has a segmental rack which engages with the rack on the sliding jaw. Thus, a pivotal actuation of the handle results in a sliding movement of the sliding jaw either towards or away from said fixed jaw, depending upon the direction of actuation o~ said handle. A disadvantage associated with such a known construction of a wrench is that it was not seIf adjusting or self clamping.
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f Another wrench known in the art has been disclosed by Fraser in ,rJ.S. Patent No.1771172.
The wrench of Fraser also comprises a stationary - jaw and a slidable jaw with the forward portion of a handle being pivotally held through a rivet to said stationary jaw. The front end of the handle has a toothed rack, but provided in an offset relationship with respect to the central longi-tudinal axis of the handle. The slidable jaw has a slide with a rack adapted to engage, but . ~.
only in an operative position, with the rack of the handle. It is believed that an offset relationship of the rack of the handle is provided so as to allow the two racks to be in a disengagement in an inoperative position of the wrench. The slidable jaw is biased with respect to the fixed jaw and for which purpose one end of a coiled spring is held to an anchoring pin provided on the fixed jaw, the other end of 20 ~ the spring being held to an anc,horlng pin provided on the slide of said slidable jaw.
Several distinct disadvantages are associated with the wrench of Fraser, and of which only a few j~
are described hereinbelow. One such disadvantage ` 2 Y.. ~f: ~, - ' ' ."j ~ .
-~ 21~431~
~; is that the torque applied to the nut or bolt , is reduced due to such an offset relationship.
; Yet another disadvantage is that as the tworacks are not in a constant mating relationship, the teeth of one rack could project onto that of the other rack, and thereby providing an ~ndersired ~< locking action. A still further disadvantage is ~:1 that as the spring is under tension, a substantial ,.,j force is transmitted to the pins resulting in a shear of the pins. Further, the rivet had a tendency to be displaced. Yet another disadvantages is that the Fraser wrench did not have a ratcheting action. -~
A further disadvantage is that the-wrench of Fraser ~-cannot clamp the infinite non-standard sizes of ;
lS nuts and bolts. ~ ;
Yet another wrench has been described by Webb et.al. in U.S. patent no.874269. The wrench of Webb et.al. also comprises a jaw slidable between the sidewalls of a fixed ]aw. The two spaced apart sidewalls are provided in the shank portion of the fixed jaw, a handle being pivotal~ly mounted between said sidewalls and having ~rack teeth in the front ;
portion in engagement with the rack teeth provided with the slidable jaw. The biasing means is provided 3 ~ -~
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in the shank or body portion of the slidable jaw comprises a recess to receive a ro~l. The lower end of the rod is connected with a base plate provided at the lower end of the head of the wrenc h, a coiled spring embracing said rod. In such a construction, the slidable jaw is opened outwardly by the action of the handle, the outward movement of said jaw depressing the spring. Several disadva ntages i are associated with such a wrench and certain of ~-which have been described with regard to the wrench of Fraser. ~ -OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
An object of this invention is to propose an improved construction of a wrench which obviates the ;~
lS disadvantages referred to hereinabove.
Another object of this invention is to propose a wrench capable of withstanding greater torque forces than those of the known art.
Yet another object of thls invention is to propose a wrench and wherein the grip over a nut ~;
and bolt is directly proportionate to the force applied and thereby eliminating slippage.
Still another object of this invention is to propose a wrench which has a ratcheting action.
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A further object of this invention is to , propose a wrench which is versatile.
:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to this invention there i9 provided , 5 a self-adjusting, self-clamping wrench comprising :
i) first and second jaw members;
ii) a handle extending longitudinally outwardly from said first jaw member; ~ -iii) said first jaw member and handle being .;
pivotally connected to each other through a : rivet; ~`; ;~;`
iv) said first jaw member having a first jaw and extending through a web into a pair of spaced apart walls for accommodating said handle therebetween, a guide rail on the inner surface of at least one of the walls; ~ -~
v) said second jaw member being provided in a . :
slidable relationship to said~first jaw~member :~:
and being of a generally L-shape conf1guration ~ 2a ;~ in side elevation and h~aving a second jaw ;~ cooperating with said first jaw;
yi) said second jaw extending into~a web, the face of the web in the proximity of the second jaw having a longitudinal groove for slidable ~ `
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. ` 2~31~
~ engagement with the rail of said first jaw -~ member, a rack at the opposite face of said web; :~
:~ vii) the handle having a front end with a segmental rack in constant engagement with the rack of said second jaw member;
viii) means to bias said first jaw member towards said second jaw member;
.~i ix) said biasing means comprising a recess in at ,~ 10 least one wall of said first jaw member ~or :-housing a helical spring therein, one end of .~ said spring held within a hole provided in said first jaw member, the opposite end of ~ `
said spring held to said handle, said spring .
~: 15 posltioned around said riv*t.
DESCRIPTION WITH RESPECT TO THE DRAWINGS HAVING TWO :~
: ~IASING MEANS
Fig.lA i: a front view of a heavy duty wrench with : a portion broken away :howing a sectional 20 ~ view;
Fig.lB shows a front vi:w of a heavy du~ty wrench without th~: b1asing means;
Fig.lC shows the rivet for a heavy duty wrench:
: ; Fig.2A is a front view of:a standard wrench having a single biasing means with a portion broken away showing a sectional vlew; ~; ;
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210~314 Fig.2B shows a front view of a standard wrench without the biasing means, Fig.2C shows the rivet for the wrench of Fig.2A;
Fig.3 shows an embodi~ent of the first jaw member having only a single housing for a single -~
:. . :
.~ biasing means;
Fig.4 shows the embodiment of the first jaw member having two biasing means: and Fig.5 shows the handle.
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate similar parts throughout, wrench 1 of the present invention comprises a first jaw member 2 and a second jaw member 3 with a handle 4 pivotally connected to first jaw member 2 and extending longitudinally therefrom.
. ' ~.
Jaw member 2 comprises a jaw S having a gripping surface 16 to consist of a plurality of serrations 15 inclined in the direction of rivet pin 21. JdW 5 extends through a web portion lQ ; ;
into a pair of spaced apart walls 7 for accommodating the forward portion 8 of~ hanâIe 4 therebetween. For this purpose, walls 7 have each aligned holes 9 coincident with hole 22 of handle 4 and such that jaw member 2 and handle 4 is held in a pivotal 2S relationship to each other by a rivet pin 21 extending through holes 9 of wal:Ls 7 and hole 22 of handle 4. i ;i ,,~ ~ ,, -~ 7 210~31~
!~ A guide rail 11 in the form of a lateral step is ~rranged at the lower side of ~t least one of the sidewalls 7 and disposed at right angles to the . serrated face of jaw 5. ~uide rail 11 extends ~:~
; 5 along the entire length of the inner s~rface of . sidewall 7. Though not shown in the drawings, a ~:
guide rail 11 may be provided on both of sidewalls 7.
Wrench 1 further comprises a jaw member 3 of .
generally L-shaped configuration in side elevation and comprises a web 14 extending at one end into a jaw 13 having a gripping surface 12 to consist preferably of serrations 6 and cooperating with ,: ~-the gripping surface 16 of jaw 5 when clamped onto '¦ a nut or bolt. Serrations 6 are inclined in a direction opposite to that of serrations 15.
longitudinal groove 17 Web 14 has a/disposed at right angles to gripping surface 12, said groove slidably engaged with guide rail 11 of jaw member 2 and such as to guide the sliding movement of jaw member 3 in relation to jaw member 2.
The opposite end of jaw member 3 has a rack 18.
Handle 4 comprises a generally rectangular : shaped bar with the forward p~rtion 8 adapted to be disposed within sidewalls 7 of jaw member 2 and ~ pivotally held thereto by rivet pin 21. The front 5~ 25 end 19 of handle 4 is provided with a sector gear ~ . :~ ~
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20 comprising, for example, of two gear teeth 23 separated by a valley 24. Handle 4 is so designed and the elements of the wrench so arranged that sector - '` .:
gear 20 is in constant engagement with rack 18 of ,aw member 3 even in an inoperative position of .
wrench 1. Such a constant engagement prevents the possibility of tooth 23 projecting onto a tooth of rack 18, and thereby avoiding the disadvantage of an undesired locking action.
In accordance with this invention, sector gear 20 is located centrally of handle 4 and not in an offset relationship. Thus, when an input torque is :~
applied to handle 4, a transfer of the force is effected directly about the central longitudinal axis of handle 4. Furthermore, the possibility of a shear of the front portion of handle 4 is avoided ~ ;~
when a torque is applied to handle 4. Any suitable preformed cover member 25 rnay be provided with handle 4, said cover member 25 providing~thermal and electrical insulation.
: Further, in accordan:ce:with this invention, wrench 1 has a biasing means for jaw member 2 and such that a pivotal movement of jaw member 2 is effected aga1nst the tension applied by the biasing 9 ~
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;~i` 21~3~
, . . .
s means. Such a biasing means is provided for each 'i of sidewalls 7 in respect of the heavy duty wrench 1 of FigsOlA to lC and comprises a housing in the form of a recess 26 concentrically and symmetrically located around its respective hole 9. Recess 26 forms a housing for a helical spring 27, and such that each sidewall 7 has a recess 26 with its respective spring 2-7. Preferably, the depth of recass 26 should be greater than the diameter of spring 27 so that a movement of handle 4 does not cause any friction between handle 4 and spring 27.
Such a friction can result in a breakage of spring 27.
Furthermore, an overlapping of spring 27 is avoided `~
and, whereby, a locking of wrench 1 due to an overlapping of spring 27 is avo~ded. Yet another advantage by providing recess 26 of a greater depth is that there is an absence of a play between the forward portion 8 of handle 4 and the inner surface ~;~ of sidewalls 7 and, whereby, the force arising from 2~ such a play and acting on the rivet pin 21 is avoided. Thus, the possibiIity of an axial displacement ~;~
; of rivet 21 is reduced.
The biasing means further comprises a collar 28 extending inwardly on the inner surface of hole 9 but having a length substantially less than that of x~ the depth of recess 26. Collar 28 is essentially ~ ':' : 10 " ~ " ; ~
21~31~
a locating member and, further, prevents spring 27 from collapsing. Each of the recesses 26 has a hole 29 for holding one end of spring 27, the other end of spring 27 being located and held within a slot 30 o handle 4.
As described hereinabove, recess 26 has preferably a depth greater than the diameter of spring 2/. Ilowever, and in accordance with another embodiment, recess 26 may have a depth corresponding to the diameter of spring 1') 27.
~he biasing means of Figs.2A to 2C is substantially similar ~o that of Fig.l except that a single helical spring 31 is provided in a recess 32 of one of tne sidewalls 7. Further, recess 32 has a longitudinally extending passage or arm 33 with a hole 34. Helical spring 31 extends into a tangential arm 35 disposed - with the end of said spring held within hole 34. The opposite end of spring 31 is located and held within a hole 36 in handle 4.
2G For operating the wrench to effect a losening or tightening of a bolt or nut, handle ~ is held by one hand of an operator and jaw member 2 pivotally displaced aaainst the tension of spring 27 or 31 and such as to open jaws 5 and 13 by pushing or 210~3~ ~
thrustin~ wrench 1 on 'V' of nut/bolt. Once jaws 5 and 13 are introduced onto the bolt or nut head, the force applied by the operator on jaw member 2 is released so that jaws 2 and 3 grip and clamp the nut or bolt head. When an input torque is applied to rotate handle 4 so as to turn the nut or bolt, `
whether for tightening or loosening, the clamping or gripping action of the jaws 5 and 13 is increased.
~ Thus, the more force applied to handle 4, the greater r3 10 gripO As a result, the mechanism essentially obviates any chance for slippage. Due to a ratcheting action, a displacement of handle 4 in the anticlockwise during a tightening operation or in the clockwise direction in a loosening operation does not transfer ~`
any torque to the bolt or nut.
Reference is now made to rivet pin 21. In ~;
accordance with this invention rivet pin 21 comprises r; a female member 37 and male members 38. Female member 37 is a bush subjected to a heat treatment so as to impart the necessary strength. Bush 37 is open at either ends to receive the male member 36 comprising a head provided at one end of a rod and such that male members 38 are press fitted into bush. ~
12 : ~ ~ ;
''~'';
,:1 2 ~ 3 1 ~
The standard spanner 1 of the present invention has a weight of only 235 gms. or 8.3OZ. + 10~ and capable of withstanding a torque force of 100 lbft or 135 Nm and a capacity of use with nuts or bolts having an A/F '~" to 7/8 or A/F 6-22mm. The heavy duty spanner 1 has a ~Jeight o~- 950 gms or 33.50O~. ~ 10 and capable of withstanding a torque force of 250 lbft or 340 Nm, and a capacity of use with nuts or bolts j having an A/F of 5/8" to 13/8" or 15 to 41mm.
,;~, j ., ' ~J
~' ,:
~: '.' ' ~' '. ';'~
. ;, .~ ~:,.:
Claims (8)
1) A self-adjusting, self-clamping wrench comprising :
i) first and second jaw members;
ii) a handle extending longitudinally outwardly from said first jaw member;
iii) said first jaw member and handle being pivotally connected to each other through a rivet;
iv) said first jaw member having a first jaw and extending through a web into a pair of spaced apart walls for accommodating said handle therebetween, a guide rail on the inner surface of at least one of the walls;
v) said second jaw member being provided in a slidable relationship to said first jaw member and being of a generally L-shape configuration in side elevation and having a second jaw cooperating with said first jaw;
vi) said second jaw extending into a web, the face of the web in the proximity of the second jaw having a longitudinal groove for slidable engagement with the rail of said first jaw member, a rack at the opposite face of said web;
: 14 :
vii) the handle having a front end with a segmental rack in constant engagement with the rack of said second jaw member;
viii) means to bias said first jaw member towards said second jaw member;
ix) said biasing means comprising a recess in at least one wall of said first jaw member for housing a helical spring therein, one end of said spring held within a hole provided in said first jaw member, the opposite end of said spring held to said hole handle, said spring positioned around said rivet.
i) first and second jaw members;
ii) a handle extending longitudinally outwardly from said first jaw member;
iii) said first jaw member and handle being pivotally connected to each other through a rivet;
iv) said first jaw member having a first jaw and extending through a web into a pair of spaced apart walls for accommodating said handle therebetween, a guide rail on the inner surface of at least one of the walls;
v) said second jaw member being provided in a slidable relationship to said first jaw member and being of a generally L-shape configuration in side elevation and having a second jaw cooperating with said first jaw;
vi) said second jaw extending into a web, the face of the web in the proximity of the second jaw having a longitudinal groove for slidable engagement with the rail of said first jaw member, a rack at the opposite face of said web;
: 14 :
vii) the handle having a front end with a segmental rack in constant engagement with the rack of said second jaw member;
viii) means to bias said first jaw member towards said second jaw member;
ix) said biasing means comprising a recess in at least one wall of said first jaw member for housing a helical spring therein, one end of said spring held within a hole provided in said first jaw member, the opposite end of said spring held to said hole handle, said spring positioned around said rivet.
2) A wrench as claimed in claim 1 wherein the centre of the segmental rack is coincident with the longitudinal central axis of the handle.
3) A wrench as claimed in claim 1 wherein the biasing means comprises a housing provided in the inner surface of one of the sidewalls for said helical spring disposed about said hole and extending into a passage, a hole provided in said housing for holding one end of said spring, a hole provided in said handle for holding the other end of said spring.
: 15 :
: 15 :
4) A wrench according to claim 1 wherein the biasing means is provided for each sidewall.
5) A wrench as claimed in claim 4 comprising a housing for each of said biasing means, said biasing means being a helical spring, each of said housings provided on the inner surface of each sidwwall and concentrically and symmetrically disposed about its respective hole, said recesses having each a hole for holding one end of its respective spring, a slot provided in the handle for holding the other end of said springs.
6) A wrench as claimed in claim 5 wherein said hole has a collar on the inner surface thereof.
7) A wrench according to any one of claim 1 wherein said housing is a recess having a depth greater or equal to the diameter of the spring.
8) A wrench as claimed in claim 1 wherein said rivet consists of a bush with a head member push fitted at either ends into said bush.
: 16 :
: 16 :
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU44445/93A AU649941B3 (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1993-08-05 | A wrench |
| CA002104314A CA2104314A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1993-08-18 | Wrench |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU44445/93A AU649941B3 (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1993-08-05 | A wrench |
| CA002104314A CA2104314A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1993-08-18 | Wrench |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2104314A1 true CA2104314A1 (en) | 1995-02-19 |
Family
ID=25626733
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002104314A Abandoned CA2104314A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1993-08-18 | Wrench |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU649941B3 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2104314A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11698107B2 (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2023-07-11 | Raytheon Company | Self-clamping torque adapter |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112913797B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-12-23 | 威海市宝洋渔具有限公司 | Fish pincers of easy centre gripping |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1771172A (en) * | 1929-03-14 | 1930-07-22 | Fraser Bernard | Wrench |
-
1993
- 1993-08-05 AU AU44445/93A patent/AU649941B3/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-08-18 CA CA002104314A patent/CA2104314A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11698107B2 (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2023-07-11 | Raytheon Company | Self-clamping torque adapter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU649941B3 (en) | 1994-06-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |