CA2103081A1 - Multilobal fiber with v-shaped ends for carpet yarns - Google Patents
Multilobal fiber with v-shaped ends for carpet yarnsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2103081A1 CA2103081A1 CA 2103081 CA2103081A CA2103081A1 CA 2103081 A1 CA2103081 A1 CA 2103081A1 CA 2103081 CA2103081 CA 2103081 CA 2103081 A CA2103081 A CA 2103081A CA 2103081 A1 CA2103081 A1 CA 2103081A1
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- Prior art keywords
- nylon
- fiber according
- section
- cross
- arms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Described is a synthetic fiber for use in carpets, having a multilobal cross-section, each lobe of said multilobal cross section having two ends, one end being connected to the other lobes, the other end of said lobes radiating outwardly and being V-shaped comprising two arms.
Description
~ ``` 2 ~ 8 1 A MULTILOBAL FIBER WITH V-SHAPED ENDS FOR CARPET YARNS
Field Qf the Invention The present invention is directed to a multilobal fiber with V-shaped ends for use as carpet yarns and a spinnerette for the -manufacture of such fibers.
Backqround _f the Invention -;
:.
Multilobal, in particular trilobal, fibers and filaments are known -in the art and have been widely used, especially for carpet yarns.
They show superior properties in bulk and covering power over fibers having round cross section.
U.S. Pat. No. 3, 194,002 discloses a multifilament yarn having a non-regular Y-shaped cross section.
' ~ ' `,; ~;
U.S. Pat No. 4,648,830 discloses a spinnerette for producing hollow trilobal cross-section filaments.
U.S. Pat. No 5,108,838 discloses the trilobal and tetralobal filaments exhibiting low glitter and high bulk. The filaments having substantial convex curves.
Disadvantage of the filaments of the prior art is that they can pack together, requiring more fiber use to achieve adequate cover in a carpet.
Object of the present invention was to provide a fiber with a simple cross section, which exhibits good bulk, uneven surface, high dullness, good soil hiding properties a~d improved color.
EXpress Mail Certificate Tso865976ox ~S dated 11/16/92 2103~
.~nother object was to provide a spinnerette plate with a simple geometry, which is easy to produce and which allows the manufacture of fibers described above.
Still another object was to provide a carpet with high dullness, improved color, good soil hiding properties and improved dye uniformity.
Summary of the Invention The object of the present invention could be achieved by a synthetic fiber, having a multilobal cross section, each lobe of said multilobal cross section having two ends, one end being connected to the other lobes, the other end of said lobes radiating outwardly and being V-shaped ~omprising two-arms. --.; '~ ,, '~'" `''' ' ',, Description of the Fiaures Fig. 1 is a front view of a trilobal spinnerette capillary of the prior art. ~ ~ `
Fig. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnerette shown in Fiq. 1.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a trilobal spinnerette capillary of the ;present invention comprising a V-shaped end at each lob2.
'~ ''~'` '', Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnere~te shown in Pig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a tetralobal spinnerette ~apillary of the present invention comprising a V-shaped end at each lobe. ~ ~;
" 21030~
rig. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnerette shown in Fig. 3.
Detailed Description of the Invention The synthetic fibers of the present invention are generally prepared by melt spinning of a fiber forming polymer through a spinnerette.
Suitable polymers for the production of the fibers of the present invention are all fiber forming thermoplastic materials especially -, ~;, polyamides, polyesters, and polyolefins. Suitable polyamides are nylon 6, nylon 6/6, nylon 6/9, nylon 6/10, nylon 6/12, nylon 11, nylon 12, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.
Preferred polyamides are nylon 6 and nylon 6/6. A suitable polyester is polyethylene terepthalate.
The polymer is fed into an extruder in form of chips or granules, melted and directed via DowTHERM9 (Dow Chemical, Midland, Michigan) heated polymer distribution lines to the spinning head. The polymer melt is then metered by a highly efficient gear pump to a spin pack assembly, and extruded through a spinnerette with capillaries described below.
The spinnerette plate of the present invention has in general at least one mul~ilobal opening, like tri,- tetra-, penta- or hexalobal capillary, preferably tri- and tetralobal capillary.
The capillary of the spinnerette plate of the present invention is described with reference to Fig. 2 for a trilobal opening:
'~
Lobes (1) (2) and (3) have each two ends, (4), (5~; (4), (6) and (4) (7). On one end (4) the lobes are connected and radiating outwardly to the second end of each lobe (5), (6) and (7), which is .
Field Qf the Invention The present invention is directed to a multilobal fiber with V-shaped ends for use as carpet yarns and a spinnerette for the -manufacture of such fibers.
Backqround _f the Invention -;
:.
Multilobal, in particular trilobal, fibers and filaments are known -in the art and have been widely used, especially for carpet yarns.
They show superior properties in bulk and covering power over fibers having round cross section.
U.S. Pat. No. 3, 194,002 discloses a multifilament yarn having a non-regular Y-shaped cross section.
' ~ ' `,; ~;
U.S. Pat No. 4,648,830 discloses a spinnerette for producing hollow trilobal cross-section filaments.
U.S. Pat. No 5,108,838 discloses the trilobal and tetralobal filaments exhibiting low glitter and high bulk. The filaments having substantial convex curves.
Disadvantage of the filaments of the prior art is that they can pack together, requiring more fiber use to achieve adequate cover in a carpet.
Object of the present invention was to provide a fiber with a simple cross section, which exhibits good bulk, uneven surface, high dullness, good soil hiding properties a~d improved color.
EXpress Mail Certificate Tso865976ox ~S dated 11/16/92 2103~
.~nother object was to provide a spinnerette plate with a simple geometry, which is easy to produce and which allows the manufacture of fibers described above.
Still another object was to provide a carpet with high dullness, improved color, good soil hiding properties and improved dye uniformity.
Summary of the Invention The object of the present invention could be achieved by a synthetic fiber, having a multilobal cross section, each lobe of said multilobal cross section having two ends, one end being connected to the other lobes, the other end of said lobes radiating outwardly and being V-shaped ~omprising two-arms. --.; '~ ,, '~'" `''' ' ',, Description of the Fiaures Fig. 1 is a front view of a trilobal spinnerette capillary of the prior art. ~ ~ `
Fig. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnerette shown in Fiq. 1.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a trilobal spinnerette capillary of the ;present invention comprising a V-shaped end at each lob2.
'~ ''~'` '', Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnere~te shown in Pig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a tetralobal spinnerette ~apillary of the present invention comprising a V-shaped end at each lobe. ~ ~;
" 21030~
rig. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber spun by a spinnerette shown in Fig. 3.
Detailed Description of the Invention The synthetic fibers of the present invention are generally prepared by melt spinning of a fiber forming polymer through a spinnerette.
Suitable polymers for the production of the fibers of the present invention are all fiber forming thermoplastic materials especially -, ~;, polyamides, polyesters, and polyolefins. Suitable polyamides are nylon 6, nylon 6/6, nylon 6/9, nylon 6/10, nylon 6/12, nylon 11, nylon 12, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.
Preferred polyamides are nylon 6 and nylon 6/6. A suitable polyester is polyethylene terepthalate.
The polymer is fed into an extruder in form of chips or granules, melted and directed via DowTHERM9 (Dow Chemical, Midland, Michigan) heated polymer distribution lines to the spinning head. The polymer melt is then metered by a highly efficient gear pump to a spin pack assembly, and extruded through a spinnerette with capillaries described below.
The spinnerette plate of the present invention has in general at least one mul~ilobal opening, like tri,- tetra-, penta- or hexalobal capillary, preferably tri- and tetralobal capillary.
The capillary of the spinnerette plate of the present invention is described with reference to Fig. 2 for a trilobal opening:
'~
Lobes (1) (2) and (3) have each two ends, (4), (5~; (4), (6) and (4) (7). On one end (4) the lobes are connected and radiating outwardly to the second end of each lobe (5), (6) and (7), which is .
2 t~3~1 shaped with two arms each (8), (9); (10), (11) and (12) (13).
The angles between the lobes (1), (2) and (3) are from about 100 to about 140 , preferably about 120C. Fig. 2 is drawn with round arm ends, but other shapes like rectangular or triangular may also be used.
The dimensions of the different parts of the capillary of the ;~
present invention are as follows: The length of the lobes (1) (2) and (3) from one end (4) to the other end (5) (6) and (7) is from about 0.25 to about 1.0 mm, preferably from about 0.4 to about 0.85 mm. The length of the arms from one end (5), (6) and (7) to the other end (8), (9); (10), (11) and (12), (13) is from about 0.2 to about 0.8 mm, preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.7 mm. The diameter of the lobes (1), (2) and (3) and the arms (8), (9); (10), (11) and (12), (13) are from about 0.04 to about 0.18 mm, preferably from about 0.08 to about 0.12 mm.
The tetralobal opening in the spinnerette plate aGcording to Fig.
The angles between the lobes (1), (2) and (3) are from about 100 to about 140 , preferably about 120C. Fig. 2 is drawn with round arm ends, but other shapes like rectangular or triangular may also be used.
The dimensions of the different parts of the capillary of the ;~
present invention are as follows: The length of the lobes (1) (2) and (3) from one end (4) to the other end (5) (6) and (7) is from about 0.25 to about 1.0 mm, preferably from about 0.4 to about 0.85 mm. The length of the arms from one end (5), (6) and (7) to the other end (8), (9); (10), (11) and (12), (13) is from about 0.2 to about 0.8 mm, preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.7 mm. The diameter of the lobes (1), (2) and (3) and the arms (8), (9); (10), (11) and (12), (13) are from about 0.04 to about 0.18 mm, preferably from about 0.08 to about 0.12 mm.
The tetralobal opening in the spinnerette plate aGcording to Fig.
3 has four lobes (27), (28), (29) and (30).
On one end (31) the lobes are connected-to each other and radiating outwardly, the other end (32), (33), 134) and (35) of each lobe is V-shaped with two arms (36) and (37), (38) and (39), (40) and (41) and (42) and (43).
The angles between the lobes (27), (28), (29) and (30) are from about 80 to 100-, preferably about 90. The angles between the arms (36) and (37), (38) and (39), (40) and (41) and (42) and (43) are from about 100 to about 140, preferably about 1~0 .
: . :.
The dimensions of the different parts of the capillary are approximately the same as described for the trilobal opening. The arm endæ may be round, rectangular or triangular as described for the trilobal opening.
2 1 0 3 ~
The disclosed dimensions are dependent for example on polymer type, spinning temperature, melt-viscosity of the polymer and quench medium temperature. ;
The desired "modification ratio" for the resulting filaments is also an important factor. By the term "modification ratio" (MR), ;~
it is meant the ratio of the radius of a circle which circumscribes `~
the filament cross-section to the radius of the largest circle which can be inscribed within the filament cross-section.
The two circles are shown as dotted lines in Fig. 2a. The dimensions in the capillaries of the spinnerette plate are chosen, that the MR for the cross-section of the resulting fiber is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4.
The respective polymer is extruded through the capillary of the spinnerette plate described in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 to form a fiber ~i having a cross-section described in Fig. 2a or Fig. 3a.
The trilobal cross-section of the fiber according to Fig. 2a has three lobes (14), (15) and (16) with two ends (17) and (18), ~19) and (20). On one end (17) the three lobes are connected to each other and radiating outwardly to the other end of each lobe (18), (19) and (20), which is V-shaped with two arms (21) and (22), (23) and (24) and (25) and (26). Each of the V-shaped arms ideally are shaped, like the filament of Fig. 2a. Fig. 2a is drawn with round arm ends but other shapes like rectangular or triangular may be used. -The tetralobal cross-section of the fiber according to Fig. 3(a) has four lobe~ (44), (45), (46) and (47) with two ends (48) and (49), (50) (51) and (52). On one end (48) the lobes are connected to each other and radiating outwardly to the other end of each lobe (49), (50), (51) and (52), which is V-shaped with two arms (53) and (54), (55) and (56) (57) and (58) and (59) and (60).
: ,. ~ -2 ~ ~ 3 ~
.. ~
The modification ratio (MR) for the trilobal cross-section is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4 The M~ for the tetralobal cross section is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4.
The spinnerette plate o~ the present invention has from about 30 to about 300 openings in form of the capillaries, described above, preferably from about 50 to about 200. In case of the manufacture of staple fibers the spinnerette plate has from 30 to 500-openings, preferably from about 100 to about 300.
The extruded fibers or filaments are quenched for example with air in order to solidify the filaments. The filaments are then treated with a finish comprising a lubricating oil or mixture of oils and antistatic and antisailing agents. The filaments are then combined to form a yarn bundle which is then wound onto a suitable package.
In a subsequent step, the yarn is drawn and texturized to form a bulked continuous filament (BCF) yarn suitable fsr tufting into carpets. A more preferred technique involves combining the extruded or as-spun filaments into a yarn, then drawing, texturizing and winding a package, all in a single step. This one~
step method of making BCF is referred to in the trade as spin-draw-texturing. The manufacture of staple fibers is also included in the scope of the present invention.
Nylon filaments for the purpose of carpet manufacturing have deniers (denier = weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn) in the range of about 3 to 75 denier/filament (dpf). A more preferred range for carpet fibers is from about 15 to 25 dpf.
From here, the BCF yarns can go through various pro¢essing steps well known to those skilled in the art. The fibers of this invention are particularly useful in the manufacture of carpets for 21~3a8l :~
floor covering applications.
' ::',' : ~ ' To produce carpets for floor covering applications, the BCF yarns are generally tufted into a pliable primary backing. Primary backing materials are generally selected from the group comprising conventional woven jute, woven polypropylene, cellulosic nonwovens, and nonwovens of nylon, polyester, and polypropylene. The primary backing is then coated with a suitable latex material such as a conventional styrene-butadiene latex, vinylidene chloride polymer, or vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymers. It is common practice to use fillers such as calcium carbonate to reduce latex costs. The final step is to apply a secondary backing, generally a woven jute or woven synthetic such as polypropylene.
Fibers with a ~ross section according to the invention have greater cover or lower bulk density, because they cannot be packed more tightly together than the trilobal fibers of the prior art.
The less-packing geometry of the new cross sections also offer more void space, thus more shadows and decreased luster of the carpet fibers. Light entering the fixed voids defined by the geometric shape has more difficulty reflecting to the observer without striking one of the filament arms which are rigidly held in ~
position in the cross section. ~;
By varying the denier per filament, very large modification ratios ;are achievable without varyinq the filament arm cross sectional thickness which crack, or fibrillate, if they are made too thin. ;~ ;~
Added cover in the tufted carpet can thus be achieved by increasing the modification ratio beyond the range possible with cross sections of the prior art plus taking advantage of the lower potential for the filaments to pack together as previously described.
' ~....
Example 1 7 ;~
' , ,' ';:
.
' ' ; . ~ ,~ :' ~ 2 1 ~ 3 ~ ~ 1 ~Nylon 6 (relative viscosity R.V. = 2.68) bulked continuous ~ilament yarns were produced using conditions shown in Table 1 and a ~ ~ h~
spinnerette having a cross section shown in Fig. 2 with the following dimensions~
"
Length of the lobes (1), (2) and (3): 0.5 mm Length of the arms (~), (9), (10), (11), (12) and (13): 0.~1 mm Diameter o~ the lobes and arms: 0.12 mm Angle between the lobes: 120 The molten polymer was extruded, solidified in a quench zone and the undrawn yarn wound onto a package. The undrawn yarn was then drawbulked. The yarn was drawn between two rolls (second roll~
heated). A heated draw pin was used between the two rolls. After drawing, the yarns were bulked (textured ) with a steam jet and ~ound on a package.
A control yarn (2.9 MR symmetric trilobal) was processed in a Similar manner. Tufted, heatset carpets (Superba) made f~om yarn having the section of the present invention exhibited higher bulk, -~-less luster and improved uniformity when compared to the control yarn (Table 2).
,~
~ ~:
'"~,,",",~,',"IJ,,",,","i;`,.,,l~,""", ~
21~3 ~8 ~
, ~ ~
Table 1 Example 1 Control Polymer RV (96%2.68 2.68 Sulfuric acid) Spinning Temp.,C270 270 Blowbox Air Volume, 240 160 CFM
Spinning Speed, 500 500 meters/min.
Polymer Output, 156 156 gJmin.
Finish on yarn, % -1.5 -1.5 Drawbulking Speed, 1500 1500 m/min.
Draw Ratio 3.1:1 3.1 Hot Pin Temp., C90 90 Steam Jet Temp., C 210 210 Steam Jet Press., 75 75 psig ~"', ' ,' '-'.`,' ,.',' '. ~', 2 1 0 3 0 8 1 ~ ~ ;
Table 2 Example 1 Control Denier (filaments) 1146 (6.8)1135 (68) Tenacity, gms/den. 2.45 2.38 ~ ~.
~ Elongation 49.6 55.2 :
% Wet Bulk 11.9 11.7 :.
~ Boiling Water 3.4 3-9 Shrinkage Modification Ratio 3.37 2.9 Cylinder Bulk 4.87 4.69 cc./gm. :
Carpet Evaluation Example 1 Control ~: ' '~ , .. ',': "'' Luster (1 = 6 5 brightest 10 =
dullest) Bulk (1 = least 10 7.0 6.5 = most) Uniformity (1 = 7.0 5~5 least 10 = best) ~ ", ,,,~, ,~:-;: ,,:-!: : ,, :. ' ,, , , . : , ;
On one end (31) the lobes are connected-to each other and radiating outwardly, the other end (32), (33), 134) and (35) of each lobe is V-shaped with two arms (36) and (37), (38) and (39), (40) and (41) and (42) and (43).
The angles between the lobes (27), (28), (29) and (30) are from about 80 to 100-, preferably about 90. The angles between the arms (36) and (37), (38) and (39), (40) and (41) and (42) and (43) are from about 100 to about 140, preferably about 1~0 .
: . :.
The dimensions of the different parts of the capillary are approximately the same as described for the trilobal opening. The arm endæ may be round, rectangular or triangular as described for the trilobal opening.
2 1 0 3 ~
The disclosed dimensions are dependent for example on polymer type, spinning temperature, melt-viscosity of the polymer and quench medium temperature. ;
The desired "modification ratio" for the resulting filaments is also an important factor. By the term "modification ratio" (MR), ;~
it is meant the ratio of the radius of a circle which circumscribes `~
the filament cross-section to the radius of the largest circle which can be inscribed within the filament cross-section.
The two circles are shown as dotted lines in Fig. 2a. The dimensions in the capillaries of the spinnerette plate are chosen, that the MR for the cross-section of the resulting fiber is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4.
The respective polymer is extruded through the capillary of the spinnerette plate described in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 to form a fiber ~i having a cross-section described in Fig. 2a or Fig. 3a.
The trilobal cross-section of the fiber according to Fig. 2a has three lobes (14), (15) and (16) with two ends (17) and (18), ~19) and (20). On one end (17) the three lobes are connected to each other and radiating outwardly to the other end of each lobe (18), (19) and (20), which is V-shaped with two arms (21) and (22), (23) and (24) and (25) and (26). Each of the V-shaped arms ideally are shaped, like the filament of Fig. 2a. Fig. 2a is drawn with round arm ends but other shapes like rectangular or triangular may be used. -The tetralobal cross-section of the fiber according to Fig. 3(a) has four lobe~ (44), (45), (46) and (47) with two ends (48) and (49), (50) (51) and (52). On one end (48) the lobes are connected to each other and radiating outwardly to the other end of each lobe (49), (50), (51) and (52), which is V-shaped with two arms (53) and (54), (55) and (56) (57) and (58) and (59) and (60).
: ,. ~ -2 ~ ~ 3 ~
.. ~
The modification ratio (MR) for the trilobal cross-section is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4 The M~ for the tetralobal cross section is from about 2 to about 5, preferably from about 3 to about 4.
The spinnerette plate o~ the present invention has from about 30 to about 300 openings in form of the capillaries, described above, preferably from about 50 to about 200. In case of the manufacture of staple fibers the spinnerette plate has from 30 to 500-openings, preferably from about 100 to about 300.
The extruded fibers or filaments are quenched for example with air in order to solidify the filaments. The filaments are then treated with a finish comprising a lubricating oil or mixture of oils and antistatic and antisailing agents. The filaments are then combined to form a yarn bundle which is then wound onto a suitable package.
In a subsequent step, the yarn is drawn and texturized to form a bulked continuous filament (BCF) yarn suitable fsr tufting into carpets. A more preferred technique involves combining the extruded or as-spun filaments into a yarn, then drawing, texturizing and winding a package, all in a single step. This one~
step method of making BCF is referred to in the trade as spin-draw-texturing. The manufacture of staple fibers is also included in the scope of the present invention.
Nylon filaments for the purpose of carpet manufacturing have deniers (denier = weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn) in the range of about 3 to 75 denier/filament (dpf). A more preferred range for carpet fibers is from about 15 to 25 dpf.
From here, the BCF yarns can go through various pro¢essing steps well known to those skilled in the art. The fibers of this invention are particularly useful in the manufacture of carpets for 21~3a8l :~
floor covering applications.
' ::',' : ~ ' To produce carpets for floor covering applications, the BCF yarns are generally tufted into a pliable primary backing. Primary backing materials are generally selected from the group comprising conventional woven jute, woven polypropylene, cellulosic nonwovens, and nonwovens of nylon, polyester, and polypropylene. The primary backing is then coated with a suitable latex material such as a conventional styrene-butadiene latex, vinylidene chloride polymer, or vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymers. It is common practice to use fillers such as calcium carbonate to reduce latex costs. The final step is to apply a secondary backing, generally a woven jute or woven synthetic such as polypropylene.
Fibers with a ~ross section according to the invention have greater cover or lower bulk density, because they cannot be packed more tightly together than the trilobal fibers of the prior art.
The less-packing geometry of the new cross sections also offer more void space, thus more shadows and decreased luster of the carpet fibers. Light entering the fixed voids defined by the geometric shape has more difficulty reflecting to the observer without striking one of the filament arms which are rigidly held in ~
position in the cross section. ~;
By varying the denier per filament, very large modification ratios ;are achievable without varyinq the filament arm cross sectional thickness which crack, or fibrillate, if they are made too thin. ;~ ;~
Added cover in the tufted carpet can thus be achieved by increasing the modification ratio beyond the range possible with cross sections of the prior art plus taking advantage of the lower potential for the filaments to pack together as previously described.
' ~....
Example 1 7 ;~
' , ,' ';:
.
' ' ; . ~ ,~ :' ~ 2 1 ~ 3 ~ ~ 1 ~Nylon 6 (relative viscosity R.V. = 2.68) bulked continuous ~ilament yarns were produced using conditions shown in Table 1 and a ~ ~ h~
spinnerette having a cross section shown in Fig. 2 with the following dimensions~
"
Length of the lobes (1), (2) and (3): 0.5 mm Length of the arms (~), (9), (10), (11), (12) and (13): 0.~1 mm Diameter o~ the lobes and arms: 0.12 mm Angle between the lobes: 120 The molten polymer was extruded, solidified in a quench zone and the undrawn yarn wound onto a package. The undrawn yarn was then drawbulked. The yarn was drawn between two rolls (second roll~
heated). A heated draw pin was used between the two rolls. After drawing, the yarns were bulked (textured ) with a steam jet and ~ound on a package.
A control yarn (2.9 MR symmetric trilobal) was processed in a Similar manner. Tufted, heatset carpets (Superba) made f~om yarn having the section of the present invention exhibited higher bulk, -~-less luster and improved uniformity when compared to the control yarn (Table 2).
,~
~ ~:
'"~,,",",~,',"IJ,,",,","i;`,.,,l~,""", ~
21~3 ~8 ~
, ~ ~
Table 1 Example 1 Control Polymer RV (96%2.68 2.68 Sulfuric acid) Spinning Temp.,C270 270 Blowbox Air Volume, 240 160 CFM
Spinning Speed, 500 500 meters/min.
Polymer Output, 156 156 gJmin.
Finish on yarn, % -1.5 -1.5 Drawbulking Speed, 1500 1500 m/min.
Draw Ratio 3.1:1 3.1 Hot Pin Temp., C90 90 Steam Jet Temp., C 210 210 Steam Jet Press., 75 75 psig ~"', ' ,' '-'.`,' ,.',' '. ~', 2 1 0 3 0 8 1 ~ ~ ;
Table 2 Example 1 Control Denier (filaments) 1146 (6.8)1135 (68) Tenacity, gms/den. 2.45 2.38 ~ ~.
~ Elongation 49.6 55.2 :
% Wet Bulk 11.9 11.7 :.
~ Boiling Water 3.4 3-9 Shrinkage Modification Ratio 3.37 2.9 Cylinder Bulk 4.87 4.69 cc./gm. :
Carpet Evaluation Example 1 Control ~: ' '~ , .. ',': "'' Luster (1 = 6 5 brightest 10 =
dullest) Bulk (1 = least 10 7.0 6.5 = most) Uniformity (1 = 7.0 5~5 least 10 = best) ~ ", ,,,~, ,~:-;: ,,:-!: : ,, :. ' ,, , , . : , ;
Claims (15)
1. A synthetic fiber, having a multilobal cross section, each lobe of said multilobal cross section having two ends, one end being connected to the other lobes, the other end of said lobes radiating outwardly and being V-shaped comprising two arms.
2. The fiber according to claim 1, wherein the cross section is trilobal.
3. The fiber according to claim 1, wherein the cross section is tetralobal.
4. The fiber according to claim 1, comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters and polyolefins.
5. The fiber according to claim 4, wherein said polyamide is selected from the group consisting of nylon 6, nylon 6/6, nylon 6/9, nylon 6/10, nylon 6/12, nylon 11, nylon 12, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.
6. The fiber according to claim 4, wherein said polyamide is nylon 6 or nylon 6/6.
7. The fiber according to claim 1, having a modification ratio of about 2 to about 5.
8. The fiber according to claim 7, wherein the modification ratio is from about 3 to about 4.
9. The fiber according to claim 3, having a modification ratio of from about 2 to about 5.
10. The fiber according to claim 9, wherein the modification ratio is from about 3 to about 4.
11. The fiber according to claim 1, wherein said arms have round ends.
12. The fiber according to claim 1, wherein said arms have rectangular ends.
13. The fiber according to claim 1, wherein said arms have triangular ends.
14. A carpet comprising the fiber according to claim 1.
15. A carpet comprising the fiber according to claim 6.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US97680892A | 1992-11-16 | 1992-11-16 | |
| US976,808 | 1992-11-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2103081A1 true CA2103081A1 (en) | 1994-05-17 |
Family
ID=25524492
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2103081 Abandoned CA2103081A1 (en) | 1992-11-16 | 1993-11-15 | Multilobal fiber with v-shaped ends for carpet yarns |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2103081A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6450177B1 (en) | 1999-03-12 | 2002-09-17 | Avon Products, Inc. | Applicator brush |
-
1993
- 1993-11-15 CA CA 2103081 patent/CA2103081A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6450177B1 (en) | 1999-03-12 | 2002-09-17 | Avon Products, Inc. | Applicator brush |
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