CA2097206A1 - Wall structure for use in buildings - Google Patents
Wall structure for use in buildingsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2097206A1 CA2097206A1 CA002097206A CA2097206A CA2097206A1 CA 2097206 A1 CA2097206 A1 CA 2097206A1 CA 002097206 A CA002097206 A CA 002097206A CA 2097206 A CA2097206 A CA 2097206A CA 2097206 A1 CA2097206 A1 CA 2097206A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- wall structure
- wall
- electric
- heat
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
- E04C2/525—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for heating or cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to a wall structure for use in buildings, preferably as walls in elec-trically heated one-family houses and the like.
The wall structure (1, 2) is made of a material of good heat storing properties, and an electric heating element (5) with an electric resistor (12) is installed within the wall material (3, 4) for heating the wall material. In order to provide a building with an electric heating system giving off heat evenly and allowing the use of low-price night-current, a metallic, plate-like, elongated heat emission surface (13) of high thermal conductivity is attached to the electric resistor (12), the heat emission sur-face being substantially larger in area than the electric resistor and being arranged to give off supplied heat into the wall material (3, 4).
(Figure 2)
The wall structure (1, 2) is made of a material of good heat storing properties, and an electric heating element (5) with an electric resistor (12) is installed within the wall material (3, 4) for heating the wall material. In order to provide a building with an electric heating system giving off heat evenly and allowing the use of low-price night-current, a metallic, plate-like, elongated heat emission surface (13) of high thermal conductivity is attached to the electric resistor (12), the heat emission sur-face being substantially larger in area than the electric resistor and being arranged to give off supplied heat into the wall material (3, 4).
(Figure 2)
Description
1 2~ 7~
Background of the Invention The i~vention relates to a wall structur~ for use in buildi~gs, preferably as walls in electricall~
heated one-family houses and the li~e, the wall struc-ture bein~ made o~ a mate~ial of good heat storing properties, an~ an electric heating elemen-t with an electric resistor bein~ installed within the wall ma-terial for heating the wall material. The invention rela-tes mainly to internal walls used in buildings but it is also applicable to external walls, in which case the wall structure according to the invention requires insulation on its outwardly facing surface.
In houses with electric heating, it is usually ~; difficult to distribute heat evenly within the rooms.
~'~ This is partly due to the fact that elect~ic hea-ting elernents or radiators are relatively small in size so that they have to be efficient to provide adequate 2 20 heating. Heat is thus distributed into -the rooms from spot-like sources of heat. Large electric radiators 'A~ are not used widely as they are expensive, difficult.' to install, and possibly unaesthetic in appearance.
'' Electric radiators are often so efficient that they heat up the dust and other dirt ga-thered upon them so that unpleasant smell "spreads into the rooms. These problems are further aggravated by the fact that current is supplied to electric radiators in elec-trically heated houses periodically, which is prefer-ably done in the night-time due to the lower price of night current.
The prior art includes various electrically heated structural elements for heating buildings which act as heat storing means. Such structuIal elements may form part of a wall or floor structure. One wall 2 ~9~2~
heatincJ s~stem is disclosed in Finnish Pat~nt Speci-fication 81~39. German Offenlegung~schrift 3300891 -teaches tha-t the wall or floor structure may comprise a plurality of interconnected plate-like heating ele~ents within which heatLng wires are inserted. A
common feature of all -these prior art solutions is that the heat-storing elements with associated elec-tric resistors are either complicated ln structure or the heating of the elernents does not take place even-ly. In the last-mentioned case, the electric resistors and thei.r immediate environment may hea-t up locally to a high -temperature as the heat is not conducted into the surrounding stone material sufficiently rapidly.
Due to uneven heating the heat storing elements cannot be charged e~ficiently and rapidly by heat eneryy. In addition, uneven heating causes twisting and distor-tion due to the thermal expansion of structures~
Further, heat resistors are deteriorated by over-heating.
The object of the present invention is to provide a new heating system which avoids the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Summary of the Invention According to the present invention, a wall structure is provided in which a metallic, plate-like, elonga-ted heat emission surface of high thermal conductivity is attached to the electric resistor, the heat emission surface being substantially larger in area than the electric resistor and being arranged to give off supplied heat into the wall material. The heat storing material is preferably soapstone as it has an excellent heat capacity and is relatively easy to machine. The heat emission surface is preferably positioned centrally within the soapstone elements so that the so~pstone heats up very evenly. Pre~erred embodiments of the wall structure acco~ding to the inventlon are disclosed :Ln the accompan~ing claims 2 to 7.
One advantage of the wall structure according to the invention is that, i required, it heats up very rapidly and is nevertheless simple in structure. An-other advantage is that it heats up evenly and the service li~e of the electric resistors is long although the resistors are not made of any extremely expensive special alloys. Still another advantage ls that the wall structure allows efficient utilization of inexpensive night current without any disadvan-. tages. The wall struc-ture, which has been heated up during the night to a uniform temperature, thus ,~ containing a great amount of heat energy, supplies heat into the room during several hours in the ~ daytime. The heating system according to the invention .. may replace conventional electric radia-tors entirely .; 20 or a-t least partly, in addition -to which it is aesthetic in appearance ~, Brief Description of the Drawings In the following the invention will be described in more detail by means of a preferred embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, in which Figure l is a schematic view of two wall struc-. tures perpendicular to each other;
Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line II
- 30 II shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 shows a junction between two elements in the wall structure without an electric heating element;
Figure 4 shows the junction shown in Figure 3 ~; 35 with the electric heating element in position;
~:iy~lre 5 19 an end view o~ the electric heatin~
element;
Figure 6 is a view o* the interface indicated by the line~ VI-VI i.~ Figure 3;
Flgure 7 is a side view of the electrlc heating element; and Figure ~ illustrates the interconnection o~ two electric heating elements.
Description of a Preferred Embodiment Figure 1 shows a wall structure 1 perpendicl1lar to a wall structure 2. Only the end of the wall struc-ture 2 is visible. As appears from the figure, the wall structures 1, 2 comprise a pluralit~ o~ elements 3, 4 indicated by broken lines. The elements are posi-tloned side by side and piled on top of each other so as to overlap each other. The elements in -the wall are of two different standard sizes with the e~ception of the uppermost elements 4, 4' which are lower than the other elements 3, 3'. The elements 3, 3' are 300 mm in height, 60 mm in thickness and from one metre up to several metres in length. The elements 3, 3', 4, 4' are made of soapstone or other similar material of good heat storing properties. ~he heat capacity of the material is important as the wall structure is intended to store a great amount of heat energy.
Figure 2 shows the wall structure in a section along the line II-II shown in Figure 1. It is to be seen that an electric heating element 5 is provided at the interfaces between the stone elements 3, 4. In Flgure 2, the heating element is shown from the end.
Grooves extending longitudinally of the stone elements 3, 4 from end to end are provided in the stone ele-ments 3, ~ for the electric heating elements 5. Ele-ment end portions which remain visible are finished so that the grooves canno-t be seen. The electric heating element 5 is thus positioned within the wall structure appropriately in vlew of the electric sa~ety regula-tions. The electric heating elements 5 are positioned centrally wlthin the wall structure in order to heat up the wall evenly.
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the hori~ontal seam of two stone elements 3. The interface is indicated by the re~erence numeral 17. The electric heating element is not shown i.n the figure in order to rnake the groove 6 machined for it clearly visible. An expansion groove 7 intended for receiviny the housing (part 8 in Figure 5) of the electric heating elernent 5 and supporting the electric heating element from below ad~oins the groove 6. Accordingly, the electric heat~
ing element can be installed in the groove 6 without any separate fastening means. As the grooves 6 are formed in the edge surfaces of the stone elements 3, 4 as described above, the wall structure with associated electric resistor elements can be erected rapidly.
Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 3 except that the electric heating element 5 is installed in position.
It is to be seen that the electric heating element 5 is fitted in the grooves 6 and 7 with a small clear-ance; and that the k~eating element is in parallel with the stone element. The clearance is small, about l to 2 mm, in order that the electric heating elements would be able to efficiently transfer heat energy into the surrounding stone material. On the other hand, the clearance cannot be too small as the electric heating elements 5 have to be allowed to expand and contract freely as determined by temperature changes. (The thermal expansion of the heating elements 5 does not correspond to that of the soapstone.) In Figures 3 and 4, a cable conduit 9 is 2 ~ ~
indicated with a broken line. Electric cables for in-terconnec-ting the electrlc heating elements 5 within the wall structure run within the cable conduit.
Figure 6, which is a top vlew of the junction o~ two stone eJ.ements 3, shows how the cable condui-t is formed in a vertical interface lO between the stone elements. Preferably, -the cable condui.t is .formed by m-llling. Alternatively, the cable conduit may be formed by drilling, in which case it need not follow the interface between the stone elements but i-t can be arranged to run e.g. centrally in the stone element.
For the ease of wiri.ng, it is, however, preferable to position the cable conduit at -the interface between ~ two elements.
: 15 Figures 5 and 7 show the electric heating . element 5 from the end and from the side on different scales. It is to be seen that the electric heating element has an electric resistor 12 comprising a pipe extending around it, the resistor being attached by - 20 soldering to a plate-like heat emission surface 13 of high thermal conductivity by means of -the pipe ll. The electric resistor 12, which is of the conventional type, comprises at both ends snap~fastening means 14 for interconnection to another electric resistor. The fastening means are preferably of the known male-: female type. The electric resistor 12 is enclosed by a housing 8 which also acts as a support for the elec-tric heating element 5 when the element is positioned within the stone element 3. The housing 8 is attached -to the plate 13 by screws 15.
As appears from Figure 7, transverse grooves 16 are provided in the longitudinal edges of the plate-like surface 13 to allow for thermal expansion and to prevent the formation of thermal expansion stresses.
As shown in Figure 8, the electric heating ~9i72~
elements ~ are interconllec-ted by a connec-tion chute section 17 following the cross-sectional shape of the housing 8 around the electr~c resistor 12. The purpose of the connection chute section 17 ls to protect the interconnections during the installation of the elec-tric heating elements.
Electric power may be supplied to the wall structure according to the invention in different ways, i.e. according to different heating programs, depending on the type of the huilding in which the wall structure is used and the preerences of the occupants of the building.
The inve.ntion has been described above only by means of one preferred embodiment, and it is therefore to be mentioned that the invention can be embodied in many ways within the scope of the attached claims.
Accordingly, it is possible in principle that the wall structure comprises a single large heat storing block.
~ This solution is, however, essentially inferior to a ; 20 solution in which the wall structure comprises a plurality of heat storing elements as several elements allow the wall structure to be easily and rapidly adapted to different surroundings. For this reason, it is highly recommendable that at least two elements are ~ 25 used. The heat emission surface of the electric heat-`~ ing elements may differ in geometry from that shown in the figures. It is important, however, that the heat emission surface is large, that is, substantially larger than the surface area of the electric resistor.
Surface-installation of the electric heating elements in the heat-storing material would also be possible, ; provided that such an installation would ensure proper protection of -the heating elements so as to prevent accidents. In addition, the transfer of heat into the ; 35 wall material would not take place as evenly as in a 213~ 1206 wall struc,tlJre ~it;hi.n ~lhich -the heatil-cJ elenlents are installecl. From the aesthetic point of the view, surface-installation is not yenerally -to be preferred.
Of course, it is possible to install -the electric heating elements in vertical grooves insteacl of horizontal grooves.
Background of the Invention The i~vention relates to a wall structur~ for use in buildi~gs, preferably as walls in electricall~
heated one-family houses and the li~e, the wall struc-ture bein~ made o~ a mate~ial of good heat storing properties, an~ an electric heating elemen-t with an electric resistor bein~ installed within the wall ma-terial for heating the wall material. The invention rela-tes mainly to internal walls used in buildings but it is also applicable to external walls, in which case the wall structure according to the invention requires insulation on its outwardly facing surface.
In houses with electric heating, it is usually ~; difficult to distribute heat evenly within the rooms.
~'~ This is partly due to the fact that elect~ic hea-ting elernents or radiators are relatively small in size so that they have to be efficient to provide adequate 2 20 heating. Heat is thus distributed into -the rooms from spot-like sources of heat. Large electric radiators 'A~ are not used widely as they are expensive, difficult.' to install, and possibly unaesthetic in appearance.
'' Electric radiators are often so efficient that they heat up the dust and other dirt ga-thered upon them so that unpleasant smell "spreads into the rooms. These problems are further aggravated by the fact that current is supplied to electric radiators in elec-trically heated houses periodically, which is prefer-ably done in the night-time due to the lower price of night current.
The prior art includes various electrically heated structural elements for heating buildings which act as heat storing means. Such structuIal elements may form part of a wall or floor structure. One wall 2 ~9~2~
heatincJ s~stem is disclosed in Finnish Pat~nt Speci-fication 81~39. German Offenlegung~schrift 3300891 -teaches tha-t the wall or floor structure may comprise a plurality of interconnected plate-like heating ele~ents within which heatLng wires are inserted. A
common feature of all -these prior art solutions is that the heat-storing elements with associated elec-tric resistors are either complicated ln structure or the heating of the elernents does not take place even-ly. In the last-mentioned case, the electric resistors and thei.r immediate environment may hea-t up locally to a high -temperature as the heat is not conducted into the surrounding stone material sufficiently rapidly.
Due to uneven heating the heat storing elements cannot be charged e~ficiently and rapidly by heat eneryy. In addition, uneven heating causes twisting and distor-tion due to the thermal expansion of structures~
Further, heat resistors are deteriorated by over-heating.
The object of the present invention is to provide a new heating system which avoids the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Summary of the Invention According to the present invention, a wall structure is provided in which a metallic, plate-like, elonga-ted heat emission surface of high thermal conductivity is attached to the electric resistor, the heat emission surface being substantially larger in area than the electric resistor and being arranged to give off supplied heat into the wall material. The heat storing material is preferably soapstone as it has an excellent heat capacity and is relatively easy to machine. The heat emission surface is preferably positioned centrally within the soapstone elements so that the so~pstone heats up very evenly. Pre~erred embodiments of the wall structure acco~ding to the inventlon are disclosed :Ln the accompan~ing claims 2 to 7.
One advantage of the wall structure according to the invention is that, i required, it heats up very rapidly and is nevertheless simple in structure. An-other advantage is that it heats up evenly and the service li~e of the electric resistors is long although the resistors are not made of any extremely expensive special alloys. Still another advantage ls that the wall structure allows efficient utilization of inexpensive night current without any disadvan-. tages. The wall struc-ture, which has been heated up during the night to a uniform temperature, thus ,~ containing a great amount of heat energy, supplies heat into the room during several hours in the ~ daytime. The heating system according to the invention .. may replace conventional electric radia-tors entirely .; 20 or a-t least partly, in addition -to which it is aesthetic in appearance ~, Brief Description of the Drawings In the following the invention will be described in more detail by means of a preferred embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, in which Figure l is a schematic view of two wall struc-. tures perpendicular to each other;
Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line II
- 30 II shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 shows a junction between two elements in the wall structure without an electric heating element;
Figure 4 shows the junction shown in Figure 3 ~; 35 with the electric heating element in position;
~:iy~lre 5 19 an end view o~ the electric heatin~
element;
Figure 6 is a view o* the interface indicated by the line~ VI-VI i.~ Figure 3;
Flgure 7 is a side view of the electrlc heating element; and Figure ~ illustrates the interconnection o~ two electric heating elements.
Description of a Preferred Embodiment Figure 1 shows a wall structure 1 perpendicl1lar to a wall structure 2. Only the end of the wall struc-ture 2 is visible. As appears from the figure, the wall structures 1, 2 comprise a pluralit~ o~ elements 3, 4 indicated by broken lines. The elements are posi-tloned side by side and piled on top of each other so as to overlap each other. The elements in -the wall are of two different standard sizes with the e~ception of the uppermost elements 4, 4' which are lower than the other elements 3, 3'. The elements 3, 3' are 300 mm in height, 60 mm in thickness and from one metre up to several metres in length. The elements 3, 3', 4, 4' are made of soapstone or other similar material of good heat storing properties. ~he heat capacity of the material is important as the wall structure is intended to store a great amount of heat energy.
Figure 2 shows the wall structure in a section along the line II-II shown in Figure 1. It is to be seen that an electric heating element 5 is provided at the interfaces between the stone elements 3, 4. In Flgure 2, the heating element is shown from the end.
Grooves extending longitudinally of the stone elements 3, 4 from end to end are provided in the stone ele-ments 3, ~ for the electric heating elements 5. Ele-ment end portions which remain visible are finished so that the grooves canno-t be seen. The electric heating element 5 is thus positioned within the wall structure appropriately in vlew of the electric sa~ety regula-tions. The electric heating elements 5 are positioned centrally wlthin the wall structure in order to heat up the wall evenly.
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the hori~ontal seam of two stone elements 3. The interface is indicated by the re~erence numeral 17. The electric heating element is not shown i.n the figure in order to rnake the groove 6 machined for it clearly visible. An expansion groove 7 intended for receiviny the housing (part 8 in Figure 5) of the electric heating elernent 5 and supporting the electric heating element from below ad~oins the groove 6. Accordingly, the electric heat~
ing element can be installed in the groove 6 without any separate fastening means. As the grooves 6 are formed in the edge surfaces of the stone elements 3, 4 as described above, the wall structure with associated electric resistor elements can be erected rapidly.
Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 3 except that the electric heating element 5 is installed in position.
It is to be seen that the electric heating element 5 is fitted in the grooves 6 and 7 with a small clear-ance; and that the k~eating element is in parallel with the stone element. The clearance is small, about l to 2 mm, in order that the electric heating elements would be able to efficiently transfer heat energy into the surrounding stone material. On the other hand, the clearance cannot be too small as the electric heating elements 5 have to be allowed to expand and contract freely as determined by temperature changes. (The thermal expansion of the heating elements 5 does not correspond to that of the soapstone.) In Figures 3 and 4, a cable conduit 9 is 2 ~ ~
indicated with a broken line. Electric cables for in-terconnec-ting the electrlc heating elements 5 within the wall structure run within the cable conduit.
Figure 6, which is a top vlew of the junction o~ two stone eJ.ements 3, shows how the cable condui-t is formed in a vertical interface lO between the stone elements. Preferably, -the cable condui.t is .formed by m-llling. Alternatively, the cable conduit may be formed by drilling, in which case it need not follow the interface between the stone elements but i-t can be arranged to run e.g. centrally in the stone element.
For the ease of wiri.ng, it is, however, preferable to position the cable conduit at -the interface between ~ two elements.
: 15 Figures 5 and 7 show the electric heating . element 5 from the end and from the side on different scales. It is to be seen that the electric heating element has an electric resistor 12 comprising a pipe extending around it, the resistor being attached by - 20 soldering to a plate-like heat emission surface 13 of high thermal conductivity by means of -the pipe ll. The electric resistor 12, which is of the conventional type, comprises at both ends snap~fastening means 14 for interconnection to another electric resistor. The fastening means are preferably of the known male-: female type. The electric resistor 12 is enclosed by a housing 8 which also acts as a support for the elec-tric heating element 5 when the element is positioned within the stone element 3. The housing 8 is attached -to the plate 13 by screws 15.
As appears from Figure 7, transverse grooves 16 are provided in the longitudinal edges of the plate-like surface 13 to allow for thermal expansion and to prevent the formation of thermal expansion stresses.
As shown in Figure 8, the electric heating ~9i72~
elements ~ are interconllec-ted by a connec-tion chute section 17 following the cross-sectional shape of the housing 8 around the electr~c resistor 12. The purpose of the connection chute section 17 ls to protect the interconnections during the installation of the elec-tric heating elements.
Electric power may be supplied to the wall structure according to the invention in different ways, i.e. according to different heating programs, depending on the type of the huilding in which the wall structure is used and the preerences of the occupants of the building.
The inve.ntion has been described above only by means of one preferred embodiment, and it is therefore to be mentioned that the invention can be embodied in many ways within the scope of the attached claims.
Accordingly, it is possible in principle that the wall structure comprises a single large heat storing block.
~ This solution is, however, essentially inferior to a ; 20 solution in which the wall structure comprises a plurality of heat storing elements as several elements allow the wall structure to be easily and rapidly adapted to different surroundings. For this reason, it is highly recommendable that at least two elements are ~ 25 used. The heat emission surface of the electric heat-`~ ing elements may differ in geometry from that shown in the figures. It is important, however, that the heat emission surface is large, that is, substantially larger than the surface area of the electric resistor.
Surface-installation of the electric heating elements in the heat-storing material would also be possible, ; provided that such an installation would ensure proper protection of -the heating elements so as to prevent accidents. In addition, the transfer of heat into the ; 35 wall material would not take place as evenly as in a 213~ 1206 wall struc,tlJre ~it;hi.n ~lhich -the heatil-cJ elenlents are installecl. From the aesthetic point of the view, surface-installation is not yenerally -to be preferred.
Of course, it is possible to install -the electric heating elements in vertical grooves insteacl of horizontal grooves.
Claims (7)
1. Wall structure for use in buildings, prefer-ably as walls in electrically heated one-family houses and the like, the wall structure being made of a mater-ial of good heat storing properties; and an electric heating element with an electric resistor being installed within the wall material for heating the wall material; whereby a metallic, plate-like, elongated heat emission surface of high thermal conductivity is attached to the electric resistor, the heat emission surface being substantially larger in area than the electric resistor and being arranged to give off supplied heat into the wall material.
2. Wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the electric resistor is attached to the heat emission surface by soldering.
3. Wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal edges of the plate-like surface are provided with grooves to allow for thermal expansion.
4. Wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the electric resistor is surrounded by a housing slightly larger than the electric resistor, the housing being attached to the heat emission surface.
5. Wall structure according to any of the pre-ceding claims, wherein the electric heating element with its heat emission surface is positioned within the wall material so as to run with a small clearance in a groove machined in the wall material, the heat emission surface being substantially in level with the wall and the electric heating element being substan-tially fully surrounded by the wall material.
6. Wall structure according to claim 5, wherein an expansion groove adjoins the groove, the expansion groove acting as a supporting surface for the electric heating element.
7. Wall structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein there are a plurality of electric heating elements arranged at interfaces between the substan-tially rectangular heat storing elements, said grooves being machined in the interfaces so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the elements and the wall structure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI922,527 | 1992-06-01 | ||
| FI922527A FI922527A (en) | 1992-06-01 | 1992-06-01 | VAEGGKONSTRUKTION FOER ANORDNING I BYGGNADER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2097206A1 true CA2097206A1 (en) | 1993-12-02 |
Family
ID=8535392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002097206A Abandoned CA2097206A1 (en) | 1992-06-01 | 1993-05-28 | Wall structure for use in buildings |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2097206A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE9308043U1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI922527A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE9301861L (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106765472A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 杭州经世科技有限公司 | A kind of distributed solar energy warmer of the brilliant doping of graphene carbon |
-
1992
- 1992-06-01 FI FI922527A patent/FI922527A/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-05-27 DE DE9308043U patent/DE9308043U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-28 CA CA002097206A patent/CA2097206A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-06-01 SE SE9301861A patent/SE9301861L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106765472A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 杭州经世科技有限公司 | A kind of distributed solar energy warmer of the brilliant doping of graphene carbon |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9301861L (en) | 1993-12-02 |
| DE9308043U1 (en) | 1993-07-29 |
| SE9301861D0 (en) | 1993-06-01 |
| FI922527A0 (en) | 1992-06-01 |
| FI922527A (en) | 1993-12-02 |
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