CA2092967A1 - Perforated film with unperforated edge - Google Patents
Perforated film with unperforated edgeInfo
- Publication number
- CA2092967A1 CA2092967A1 CA 2092967 CA2092967A CA2092967A1 CA 2092967 A1 CA2092967 A1 CA 2092967A1 CA 2092967 CA2092967 CA 2092967 CA 2092967 A CA2092967 A CA 2092967A CA 2092967 A1 CA2092967 A1 CA 2092967A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- film
- yarn
- edge
- perforated
- unperforated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Landscapes
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A perforated film has a perforated middle portion, and at least one unperforated edge portion along an edge of the film. This film is particularly useful for overwrapping yarn in yarn dyeing applications. The film of the invention is characterized by the substantial absence of jagged edges along at least one edge of the film, especially a longitudi-nal edge, resulting in a more suitable material for packaging abuse sensitive yarn materials.
A perforated film has a perforated middle portion, and at least one unperforated edge portion along an edge of the film. This film is particularly useful for overwrapping yarn in yarn dyeing applications. The film of the invention is characterized by the substantial absence of jagged edges along at least one edge of the film, especially a longitudi-nal edge, resulting in a more suitable material for packaging abuse sensitive yarn materials.
Description
PERFO~ATED FILM WITH UNPERFORATED EDGE
FIELD OF TH~ INVENTION
The present invention relates to thermoplastic film, and more particularly perforated film having an unperforated edge suitable for use in applications such as textile yarn dyeing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the dyeing of textile yarns, such as cotton, acrylic, wool and blends of various natural and synthetic yarns, a slotted cylindrical plastic or stainless steel tube, known as a dye tube, is typically used to hold a quantity of yarn wound around the tube. This arrangement is known as a yarn package or dye package. These yarn packages are pro-cessed in a dyeing vat known as a dye kier. A dye of a suit-ahle color typically heated up to about 150 ~C and at a pres-sure of up to about 80 p.s.i., is forced through the yarn in the dyeing process.
This process, because of the high temperature and pressures involved, and the overall environment of the pro-cess, can result in some damage to the yarn material, particu-larly at the outer face of the yarn package.
An effective solution to this problem has been the use of perforated films, of a type such as the PY film sold by the Cryovac Division of W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn., to overwrap the yarn package. If the film is also a shrink 4/920709.6/SPECFLDR ~-2a92~r~
film, then a tight fitting but porous overwrap is provided which helps to protect the yarn during the dyeing process, while allowing the dye to flow through the yarn to the outer circumference of the package, and vice versa.
One limitation of conventional perforated film is that by nature of the perforation process, the edges of the film tend to be jagged with truncated perforations. When used in the yarn dyeing process just described, these jagged edges can result in picking of the yarn when the edge of the perforated film comes into contact with the yarn. Sometimes, as the film shrinks around the yarn package, the edges of the film will curl, which can accentuate the undesirable roughing of the yarn during the yarn dyeing process.
The inventor has discovered that this problem can be solved to a great extent by using a perforated film which is perforated along the middle portion of the film, but unperforated at one or both edges of the film. The jagged edges just described for conventional perforated film are largely or completely avoided and the roughness associated with a shrunken film edge, and the interior surface of the perforations at or near the edge of the film are also avoided by means of the invention. This in turn results in reduced picking or undesirable abuse of the yarn with economic bene-fits. A yarn package that has a damaged surface may some-times have to be rewound with the abused material discarded.
The invention helps to reduce the need for discarding or rewinding dyed yarn material.
: ~ ~: : : : : .
It~is therefore an object of the invention to pro-vide a film which allows for the substantial flow of a dye or other liquid through the film, while reducing abuse created `; by perforations at or near the edges of the film.
;~ `: : ~ :
4/9-2;0709~.6/SPECFLDR
03/16/9~3;~
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SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention comprises a film with a perforated middle portion, and an unperforated edge portion.
In another aspect, the present invention is a pack-age comprising a product, and a film wrapped around the prod-uct, the film characterized by a perforated middle portion and an unperforated edge portion.
DEFINITIONS
The term "perforation" means holes of various shapes, density, size and distribution in a thermoplastic film which can be introduced in the film during manufacture of the film or subsequent to production of the film, by vari-ous flame, needle, and other suitable processes.
The term "edge" is used herein in its conventional sense to mean the edges of a roll stock film, and the margin-al portions of a film i.e. its border or terminus as depicted for e~ample in Figures 1 through 3 of the drawings. In the case of a pouch or bag made from the inventive film, the unperforated edge can include one or more of the longitudinal or transverse edges of the final package, as long as some benefit is obtained from the lack of perforation at or near the appropriate edge of the packaging material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to Figure 1, a prior art conventional perforated film 10 shows a series of generally uniformly distributed perforations 12 in a thermoplastic film. A commer-cially available film is PY film sold by W. R. Grace &
Co.-Conn. through its Cryovac Division; other perforated films are also available. The conventional film is character-4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
~ ' - ' ,, . - ~ - '' , - ~ ' ..
. ,.... . . , . . , ' - , , : - . .
. . : : ' :
,: .
,. ,'., ~ - ' 2~9~7 ized by truncated perforations 14 occurring in either random or controlled sequence along the edges 16 and 18 of the film. These truncated perforations result in a jagged, "sawtooth" edge. The film depicted in Figure 1 is a segment of a film or a roll stock film of undefined beginning and end point. In the preferred embodiment, roll stock film is cut into a segment sufficiently long to wrap around a yarn pack-age as depicted in Figure 3.
Figure 2 illustrates schematically the film 20 of the present invention. This fi~m is distinguished from the prior art film of Figure 1 in two ways. First, the jagged "sawtooth" edges resulting from truncated perforations 14 in Figure 1 are largely or completely absent from the inventive film of Figure 2. Instead, a substantially smooth edge 24a and/or 24b are provided. The second distinction from the prior art film is that an unperforated area 22a and/or 22b is provided in the inventive film. When being used in a yarn dyeing application, this film therefore provides an unperforated portion for the top and/or bottom of the yarn package. If the film is a shrinkable film, some wrinkling of the film will occur especially at the edges 24a and 24b.
However, because of the lack of any significant perforation of the film 20 in the areas of 22a and 22b of the inventive film, and because of the lack of jagged truncated perfora-tions 14, the inventive film is more compatible with, and less abusive to the yarn of the yarn package, especially during the physical stresses associated with the yarn dyeing process.
Although the invention preferably involves an unperforated portion at both longitudinal edges of the film, some benefit is still obtained by having a perforated film with an unperforated portion at or near one of the edges of the film. This alternative embodiment is also within the scope of the invention.
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~Q~2~6rl In addition, the width of the unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b can vary from each other, and can vary in width depending on the desired end use of the film, economic and manufacturing considerations, and the like. The pre-ferred width of the unperforated portions 22a and 22b is the width of the film necessary to prevent substantial picking or abuse of the underlying yarn material. One type of yarn material may be more susceptible to abuse from perforated film than another type of yarn. For example, cotton may react differently from polyester or other materials.
As a generality, a preferred width for each of the unperforated portions 22a or 22b is 1% to 30%, more prefera-ble 5% to 25%, even more preferable 10% to 20%, and most preferable about 15% of the total width of film 20. The width of unperforated portions 22a and 22b can be the same or can differ, depending for example on the geometry of the yarn package.
To the extent that the unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b comprise a significant portion of the width of film 20, the total perforated area of the film and the abili-ty of the film to transmit heated dye or other liquids will be reduced. To the degree that unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b are of lesser width with respect to the total width of film 20, with the same given density and size of perforations, the film will have a greater perforated area for transmission of heated dye or other liquids but also have a greater number or area of perforations which can adversely affect the yarn material. One skilled in the art will readi-ly ascertain the optimal density, distribution, shape and size of perforations, and especiall~ the appropriate widths of unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b for the particular end use for the inventive film.
The film 20 of the present invention can be made by conventional processes well known in the art, including extrusion and coextrusion, and extrusion coating and conven-4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
03/16/93 ~F
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tional lamination processes for producing monolayer or multilayer films. In the case of monolayer and multilayer films, various thermoplastic polymers and copolymers can be used, especially materials such as polypropylene or propylene ethylene copolymer, and olefinic polymers and copolymers.
The introduction of perforations in the material can be done in many conventional ways, including flame, nee-dle, and heating/vacuum/blowing operations as long as perfora-tions of suitable density, size, shape and distribution can be imparted to the film.
Perforated films according to the present invention can also be monoaxially or biaxially oriented, by blown bub-ble process or tenter frame process well known in the art.
Referring to Figure 3, an especially suitable end use for the film of the present invention is in wrapping a yarn package for dyeing yarn by processes well known in the art. Yarn package 30 includes inventive film 20 overwrapped about yarn 34 in turn wrapped about a central slotted tube 32 of cylindrical cross section. The film may be a shrinkable film which forms a tight overwrap about the yarn 34. A heat seal, for example a trim seal 36 may be used to attach a segment of film 20 around yarn 34. Sometimes a second heat seal (not shown) like the seal 36 will be located about half-way around the yarn package from the first heat seal. As can be seen in Figure 3, perforations 12 occux along the middle portion of the film, but do not occur in unperforated por-tions 22a, or 22b (not shown). The upper edge 24a of the film is substantially or totally free of any jagged edges caused by truncated perforations. By conventional processes not shown, a heated dye is forced under pressure through the cylindrical core 3~ and out through the yarn and the perfora-tions 12 of film 20. The process is typically then reversed, resulting in a dyed yaxn enclosed within the overwrap created by sealed and preferably shrunken film 20.
4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
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- ~ , , , .
~2967 The invention has been described by reference to preferred embodiments of the invention, but modifications to the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art after a review of the specification. For example, the inven-tive film with perforated middle portion and at least on~
unperforated edge portion can be used to overwrap a variety of products, not necessarily cylindrical in shape, as long as benefits are obtained by the substantial absence of jagged edges and/or perforations from at least one edge portion of the film.
The scope of the invention is therefore limited only by the claims which follow.
4/920709.6/SPECFLDR 7 . . .
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.
.
FIELD OF TH~ INVENTION
The present invention relates to thermoplastic film, and more particularly perforated film having an unperforated edge suitable for use in applications such as textile yarn dyeing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the dyeing of textile yarns, such as cotton, acrylic, wool and blends of various natural and synthetic yarns, a slotted cylindrical plastic or stainless steel tube, known as a dye tube, is typically used to hold a quantity of yarn wound around the tube. This arrangement is known as a yarn package or dye package. These yarn packages are pro-cessed in a dyeing vat known as a dye kier. A dye of a suit-ahle color typically heated up to about 150 ~C and at a pres-sure of up to about 80 p.s.i., is forced through the yarn in the dyeing process.
This process, because of the high temperature and pressures involved, and the overall environment of the pro-cess, can result in some damage to the yarn material, particu-larly at the outer face of the yarn package.
An effective solution to this problem has been the use of perforated films, of a type such as the PY film sold by the Cryovac Division of W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn., to overwrap the yarn package. If the film is also a shrink 4/920709.6/SPECFLDR ~-2a92~r~
film, then a tight fitting but porous overwrap is provided which helps to protect the yarn during the dyeing process, while allowing the dye to flow through the yarn to the outer circumference of the package, and vice versa.
One limitation of conventional perforated film is that by nature of the perforation process, the edges of the film tend to be jagged with truncated perforations. When used in the yarn dyeing process just described, these jagged edges can result in picking of the yarn when the edge of the perforated film comes into contact with the yarn. Sometimes, as the film shrinks around the yarn package, the edges of the film will curl, which can accentuate the undesirable roughing of the yarn during the yarn dyeing process.
The inventor has discovered that this problem can be solved to a great extent by using a perforated film which is perforated along the middle portion of the film, but unperforated at one or both edges of the film. The jagged edges just described for conventional perforated film are largely or completely avoided and the roughness associated with a shrunken film edge, and the interior surface of the perforations at or near the edge of the film are also avoided by means of the invention. This in turn results in reduced picking or undesirable abuse of the yarn with economic bene-fits. A yarn package that has a damaged surface may some-times have to be rewound with the abused material discarded.
The invention helps to reduce the need for discarding or rewinding dyed yarn material.
: ~ ~: : : : : .
It~is therefore an object of the invention to pro-vide a film which allows for the substantial flow of a dye or other liquid through the film, while reducing abuse created `; by perforations at or near the edges of the film.
;~ `: : ~ :
4/9-2;0709~.6/SPECFLDR
03/16/9~3;~
. : . . .,., .. . ~
. . ., . , . . . . : . . :: . . . . . .
: .. , , .. . ... : ,. :' -:, ' ,: ; " :: ' , - ' . ,,., . .. - .. , . :
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention comprises a film with a perforated middle portion, and an unperforated edge portion.
In another aspect, the present invention is a pack-age comprising a product, and a film wrapped around the prod-uct, the film characterized by a perforated middle portion and an unperforated edge portion.
DEFINITIONS
The term "perforation" means holes of various shapes, density, size and distribution in a thermoplastic film which can be introduced in the film during manufacture of the film or subsequent to production of the film, by vari-ous flame, needle, and other suitable processes.
The term "edge" is used herein in its conventional sense to mean the edges of a roll stock film, and the margin-al portions of a film i.e. its border or terminus as depicted for e~ample in Figures 1 through 3 of the drawings. In the case of a pouch or bag made from the inventive film, the unperforated edge can include one or more of the longitudinal or transverse edges of the final package, as long as some benefit is obtained from the lack of perforation at or near the appropriate edge of the packaging material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to Figure 1, a prior art conventional perforated film 10 shows a series of generally uniformly distributed perforations 12 in a thermoplastic film. A commer-cially available film is PY film sold by W. R. Grace &
Co.-Conn. through its Cryovac Division; other perforated films are also available. The conventional film is character-4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
~ ' - ' ,, . - ~ - '' , - ~ ' ..
. ,.... . . , . . , ' - , , : - . .
. . : : ' :
,: .
,. ,'., ~ - ' 2~9~7 ized by truncated perforations 14 occurring in either random or controlled sequence along the edges 16 and 18 of the film. These truncated perforations result in a jagged, "sawtooth" edge. The film depicted in Figure 1 is a segment of a film or a roll stock film of undefined beginning and end point. In the preferred embodiment, roll stock film is cut into a segment sufficiently long to wrap around a yarn pack-age as depicted in Figure 3.
Figure 2 illustrates schematically the film 20 of the present invention. This fi~m is distinguished from the prior art film of Figure 1 in two ways. First, the jagged "sawtooth" edges resulting from truncated perforations 14 in Figure 1 are largely or completely absent from the inventive film of Figure 2. Instead, a substantially smooth edge 24a and/or 24b are provided. The second distinction from the prior art film is that an unperforated area 22a and/or 22b is provided in the inventive film. When being used in a yarn dyeing application, this film therefore provides an unperforated portion for the top and/or bottom of the yarn package. If the film is a shrinkable film, some wrinkling of the film will occur especially at the edges 24a and 24b.
However, because of the lack of any significant perforation of the film 20 in the areas of 22a and 22b of the inventive film, and because of the lack of jagged truncated perfora-tions 14, the inventive film is more compatible with, and less abusive to the yarn of the yarn package, especially during the physical stresses associated with the yarn dyeing process.
Although the invention preferably involves an unperforated portion at both longitudinal edges of the film, some benefit is still obtained by having a perforated film with an unperforated portion at or near one of the edges of the film. This alternative embodiment is also within the scope of the invention.
4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
03/16/g3 :: . . : : , :- .,... : . .
, . . . . . . . .
: . .. .. ,: .. ~ . :
.,~ .
'' ' ' ' -' ' '''.', . ' . ,: ,. ~
: . : . . .,, . :
' ' ' .
~Q~2~6rl In addition, the width of the unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b can vary from each other, and can vary in width depending on the desired end use of the film, economic and manufacturing considerations, and the like. The pre-ferred width of the unperforated portions 22a and 22b is the width of the film necessary to prevent substantial picking or abuse of the underlying yarn material. One type of yarn material may be more susceptible to abuse from perforated film than another type of yarn. For example, cotton may react differently from polyester or other materials.
As a generality, a preferred width for each of the unperforated portions 22a or 22b is 1% to 30%, more prefera-ble 5% to 25%, even more preferable 10% to 20%, and most preferable about 15% of the total width of film 20. The width of unperforated portions 22a and 22b can be the same or can differ, depending for example on the geometry of the yarn package.
To the extent that the unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b comprise a significant portion of the width of film 20, the total perforated area of the film and the abili-ty of the film to transmit heated dye or other liquids will be reduced. To the degree that unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b are of lesser width with respect to the total width of film 20, with the same given density and size of perforations, the film will have a greater perforated area for transmission of heated dye or other liquids but also have a greater number or area of perforations which can adversely affect the yarn material. One skilled in the art will readi-ly ascertain the optimal density, distribution, shape and size of perforations, and especiall~ the appropriate widths of unperforated portions 22a and/or 22b for the particular end use for the inventive film.
The film 20 of the present invention can be made by conventional processes well known in the art, including extrusion and coextrusion, and extrusion coating and conven-4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
03/16/93 ~F
.
.. : . . . .
"~" :. ' ' , , - , - . - ' :
, . . :
. ~ .
- . . .: - ~: .
.. :- . . ..
.. ~. ... .
.
~0~2~6~
tional lamination processes for producing monolayer or multilayer films. In the case of monolayer and multilayer films, various thermoplastic polymers and copolymers can be used, especially materials such as polypropylene or propylene ethylene copolymer, and olefinic polymers and copolymers.
The introduction of perforations in the material can be done in many conventional ways, including flame, nee-dle, and heating/vacuum/blowing operations as long as perfora-tions of suitable density, size, shape and distribution can be imparted to the film.
Perforated films according to the present invention can also be monoaxially or biaxially oriented, by blown bub-ble process or tenter frame process well known in the art.
Referring to Figure 3, an especially suitable end use for the film of the present invention is in wrapping a yarn package for dyeing yarn by processes well known in the art. Yarn package 30 includes inventive film 20 overwrapped about yarn 34 in turn wrapped about a central slotted tube 32 of cylindrical cross section. The film may be a shrinkable film which forms a tight overwrap about the yarn 34. A heat seal, for example a trim seal 36 may be used to attach a segment of film 20 around yarn 34. Sometimes a second heat seal (not shown) like the seal 36 will be located about half-way around the yarn package from the first heat seal. As can be seen in Figure 3, perforations 12 occux along the middle portion of the film, but do not occur in unperforated por-tions 22a, or 22b (not shown). The upper edge 24a of the film is substantially or totally free of any jagged edges caused by truncated perforations. By conventional processes not shown, a heated dye is forced under pressure through the cylindrical core 3~ and out through the yarn and the perfora-tions 12 of film 20. The process is typically then reversed, resulting in a dyed yaxn enclosed within the overwrap created by sealed and preferably shrunken film 20.
4/920709.6/SPECFLDR
. .: ; ............. , -, ~ . , ' ' ' :
'--' ' . - ' ' . : : .
.
:, - " ~, . ' .. ' . .:
- ~ , , , .
~2967 The invention has been described by reference to preferred embodiments of the invention, but modifications to the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art after a review of the specification. For example, the inven-tive film with perforated middle portion and at least on~
unperforated edge portion can be used to overwrap a variety of products, not necessarily cylindrical in shape, as long as benefits are obtained by the substantial absence of jagged edges and/or perforations from at least one edge portion of the film.
The scope of the invention is therefore limited only by the claims which follow.
4/920709.6/SPECFLDR 7 . . .
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.
Claims (5)
1. A polymeric film comprising a perforated middle portion, and an unperforated edge portion.
2. The film of claim 1 wherein the film is orient-ed.
3. A perforated film having the substantial ab-sence of truncated perforations on at least one edge of the film.
4. A package comprising a product, and a polymeric film wrapped around the product, the film characterized by a perforated middle portion and an unperforated edge portion.
5. A yarn package comprising:
a) a central tube;
b) yarn wound around the tube; and c) a thermoplastic film wrapped around the yarn, wherein the film has a perforated middle portion, and at least one unperforated edge portion.
a) a central tube;
b) yarn wound around the tube; and c) a thermoplastic film wrapped around the yarn, wherein the film has a perforated middle portion, and at least one unperforated edge portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US91755192A | 1992-07-21 | 1992-07-21 | |
| US917,551 | 1992-07-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2092967A1 true CA2092967A1 (en) | 1994-01-22 |
Family
ID=25438950
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2092967 Abandoned CA2092967A1 (en) | 1992-07-21 | 1993-03-30 | Perforated film with unperforated edge |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06166948A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2092967A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0992437A1 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-12 | Trevira GmbH & Co KG | Dynamically balanced packaged object |
-
1993
- 1993-03-30 CA CA 2092967 patent/CA2092967A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-21 JP JP20018893A patent/JPH06166948A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0992437A1 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-12 | Trevira GmbH & Co KG | Dynamically balanced packaged object |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06166948A (en) | 1994-06-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |