CA2085204C - Finish for textile fibers containing polyalphaolefin and nonionic emulsifiers having a plurality of hydrocarbon chains - Google Patents
Finish for textile fibers containing polyalphaolefin and nonionic emulsifiers having a plurality of hydrocarbon chainsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2085204C CA2085204C CA002085204A CA2085204A CA2085204C CA 2085204 C CA2085204 C CA 2085204C CA 002085204 A CA002085204 A CA 002085204A CA 2085204 A CA2085204 A CA 2085204A CA 2085204 C CA2085204 C CA 2085204C
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- weight
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/165—Ethers
- D06M13/17—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
- D06M13/2243—Mono-, di-, or triglycerides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
A fiber finish composition, which may be applied as an aqueous emulsion, is provided having (a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin oil;
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) ethoxylated C12-C36 branched alcohols;
(ii) alkoxylated polyhydric alcohols having at least 3 hydroxyl sites which are esterified with C12-C36 fatty acids;
(iii) alkoxylated glycerol esters of C12-C36 fatty acids having at least one hydroxyl functionality;
(c) up to 10 parts by weight of an ionic emulsifier; and (d) up to 5 parts by weight of an antisling additive.
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) ethoxylated C12-C36 branched alcohols;
(ii) alkoxylated polyhydric alcohols having at least 3 hydroxyl sites which are esterified with C12-C36 fatty acids;
(iii) alkoxylated glycerol esters of C12-C36 fatty acids having at least one hydroxyl functionality;
(c) up to 10 parts by weight of an ionic emulsifier; and (d) up to 5 parts by weight of an antisling additive.
Description
FINISH FOR 'l~;~`llLE ~lBERS CONTAINING POLYALPHAOLEFIN AND
NONIONIC EMUI~II~ ~CS HAVING A PLURALrlY OF HYI)ROCARBON CHAINS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a lul~ compQ~ifion for finishing synthetic te-Atile fibers, and in pa,li.uld~ to a co ~ n con~ g a poly lp~ - nl~ ' oil and an ,...p,u._d ~ ;fif ~ having a pol~)Aj. "~ylene chain and a L~L~Fhob ~ ~ne.~t having a plurality of C4-C32 ~liph~ir groups.
Synthetic pol~...c.~ are made into fibers in the form of c~ ~' ~ - usually by a process of melt Spi~ni~ The fi~ n~s are cooled and converted into filament yarn, staple or tow. Typically, a lubricant co..-pG:,;Liûn or finish is applied to the fibers to aid in processing operations by IG 1~ e friction, ~- S-r f E static charges and modifying the pliability and yarn bundle forming characteristics of the fibers.
The finish should be l~ ti~ non-absorbent, since this can adversely affect the strength and el~t;~it~ of the fibers. Also, as the finish is abso,L~d, the fibers tends to swell, 11 ~ t-~r is lost and friction i...l~s.
Another t~ re...e.~t of the finish is that it should be removable from the fiber by co~. ~' pr~ ' G~.
Mineral oil was one of the fust co..,po - : used as a fiber finish for synthetic fibers. However, due to the high degree of absorption of mineral oil into some fibers, especially el~ct~ ;c pol~ hanes, mineral oils have been replaced by polysiloAane oils.
The polysiloA~ane oils provide better lubrication and are generally abso,l~d less by the fibers. In pauticular, polvsiloAane oils have been useful in conjun~tion with pûl~ e~ ~ that are es~.;all~ sensitive to the del~,t~ , effects of absorption of lul~ s, such as ~ ric pol~elLane (spdl;.d~,A) fibers. Although polysiloxane oils have been used on el~c~omeric pol~ ,thanes for well over twenty yeaus, there aue several drawbacks associated with the InO lg of fibers treated with these oils. The polysiloxane oils do not offer the cohesion needed to keep yarn bundles or pa~l~ages together, and package degradation is noticed with time. The lack of boundary friction associated with the polysiloxane oils also leads to irregularities in yarn package formation, such as saddling and bulging, and limits yarn package size.
., 1 ~
E
('.~se .~umber 1795 Safety and eu..-~ ~ concm-.O also militate against the use of polysiloxane oils as fiber finishes.
Beam d rr ~g of the polyc~ on the floors of pr~g plants creates an eu~ c - ripe for slipping ?criAentc This danger is exacerbated by the difficulty of removing poly~ ,s, ne oils from the floor.
E-l~h~ ~ ~lly, the polysiloxane oils have come under attack in that the oils do not readily 1~ .dc.
Furthermore, since the poly-siloxane oils tend to ~F~ o a flame, oil which remains on the yarn after fabric forr^fi~r~ can ci~rifir~n~ly increase the fl~ y of fabric. Thus, the use of polysiloxane oils by the textile industry is coming under i~ ,a_cd rtogrl^fi-m A poly^lpl~^r' ~ based fiber finish is .1;~, loscd in Ros-c et aL, U.S. Patent No. 4,995,884. The patent disdoses a funish cou~po~;~ion c r ' ~ from 30 to 70 wt.% of a pol~ Ip~ ~o~ - ' 25 to 50 wt.% of an e---. I~:r.. ~ and 5 to 20 wt.% of an ~r~tist^~ir agent. Specific ~les of filLish form~ irr~ having from 37.6 to 56.6 wt.% polyall ~ao! ~ are provided in the patent. The finish c(,uuFo~ ion is applied to the 6ber as an aqueous e ' - Any suitable ,om ' ~- g agent may be used and several ~ a. '~~1 ' - are lero ~ rl~l While it is often de~.~at'- to provide a finish as an e~ -lsi-- from the vi~ of ease of ~1l r~-~ on and removal from the textile fiber, em~llc;fi~rs generally have a negative impact on ~.~ -of the I I ~ iti~n~lly~ the emnl~;fi~- may absorb into the te~ile fiber resulting in swelling and we~ e of the fiber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, one of the objects of the invention is to provide a fiber fimsh which will lubricate the fiber during processing operations, will not cause degradation or swelling of the fiber, will not adversely affect yarn package formation, and can be removed from the fiber by conventional washing and scouring operations.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fiber finish adapted for use on synthetic fibers, particularly el~s~om~ric polyurethane fibers.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a finish com~;~inn having a high per ~ of polyqlp~ oil which may be applied to the fiber as an aqueous e ' -n, and wherein the emr~l~;fi~or is not absorbed by the fiber or does not otherwise detract from finish performance.
Ac~orv~51~, a finish co..,po~ilion is provided with from 50 to 95 wt.% of a poly~lrh^o! ' oil and from 5 to 50 wt.% of an emnlcifi~ r having a polyoxyaLcylene chain and a hydrophobic cu...p~ ~
.L~a.l. .i~d by at least two C4-C32 aliphatic chains or 1" - ' - Plcf~ .abl~, the L~ ' o~ho~ ~ r r - - of the ~ ' ' has at least two C6-C,4 aliphatic chains and an HLB value of from 6 to 13 The f sh co~ - imparts superior h~Lod~..a.-lic and bou..~y frictional ~L~ to fiber and yarn, has - ~ ~i, ' '- adverse impact on the physical properties of the fiber, shows minimal ab~lioa into synthetic fibers, e~.;all~ spandex, and is ,el.lti~ easy to remove from the fiber. The finish co--~ io-- features a .ehti~ high coac~ .lion of a b,ànched L~Lo~l~a lul" and an . . with multiple hydrocarbon chairls or 1~ The finish may be applied to the fiber as an and is easily .~i . d from the fiber by s~ g Thus the present ~. provides a fiber finish co.~~ c g on a neat basis:
(a) from 50 to 95 parts by weight of a pol~ selected from trimer, t~t and ~- ;, of octene-1, decene-l, dtde - 1 and l~tl t~e ~
(b) from 5 to 50 parts by weight of an; ~ selected from:
(i) L~ alcohols having at least two ~lipl- ~ chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 30 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, I,.v~P ~ oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol; and (ii) C3~cgo pol~L~d~;c alcohols having at least three ~d~v.~l sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol, I,,v.idcd that if any of said L~v~vl~l sites are primary ~leo~~l, then said primary alcohols are reacted with ~O~ L~VIVAYI forming alkylene oxide prior to alkoxylation, followed by ~t~. --- in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a C,2-C36 fatty acid.
E
In another aspect the i~ provides an aqueous c...~ n comprising from 3 to 25 v,~t.%
of a finish composition having: 2 0 8 5 2 0 4 (a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalp!~ selected from trimers, t~lr s and 1~ .. of octene-1, decene-1, dcde- - 1 and tCl~
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 pobhydric alcohols having at least three L~IL~yl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esteriffcation in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a Cl2-C28 fatty acid.
DESCRlf~lON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIME;NT OF THE INVENTION
Without ~imiting the scope of the invention, the preferred features of the i.... -- are set forth.
The fiber finish cc,,.lpo.;lion of the present invention contains a poly~p!-~ n I '~ and an e-A~lc;fi~-t. The col..po~ilion may be applied to a textile fiber neat or as an oil in water em ' r - ~
may be prepared by any conventional ~ hniqnl., for example high speed mixing, using a~ 3 to 25 wt.% of the finish in the aqueous e ' -, p.efe,dbl~ 10 to 20 wt.% of the finish in the aqueous ~ ' -Preferred poly~lph~l-finc indude trimers, telrall~cl ., ~1.l~, . and } ~. of alpha olefns, C;~ddlly octene-1, decene-1, lo~k~ e-1 and t~,l-adccene-1. Cu~ e,dally ~ pol~
typically contain a ~.l-i'L~ulion of oligomers - those predo...;-~ ly co..lyli~.cd of trimers are ~,lefe..~d.
Poly~lrh~ol^finc having utility herein may be characterized by a viscosity of 2 to 10 con~ic~oroc at 100C, preferably 4 to 8 c~ontic~o7~es at 100C, a smoke point greater than 300F. F~--m~l ' ,s of suitable ~' L~ I
,~c ,~'umber 179S
poly~ include Ethylflo*162, 164, 166,168 and 170, rnAn ~tnred and distributed by Ethyl Co~ tion, Baton Rouge, T, ---The poly~lp~^-' ' lubricant c~ .i;es from 50 to 95 wt.% of the finish cc,~po:,;tion. It is desirable to mAYitni7~ the ,-c ~.tion of l.. l,.;.~ in the finish cv.,.po~i~ion, provided that a ~ level of an ~ ;r;~ is present to facilitate removal of the luvl- - from the textile fiber when so desired, and when the finish is applied as an emulsion, a s ~rl~ r level of ~ ' - to m~in~r:- a stable ~ ' -Thus, ranges of pol~ ly~ ' ' in the fulish ~.,.~ilion of from 70 to 95 wt.% are ~t,f~,.led, with ranges of 75 to 90 wt.% being most p~c,fellGd.
An ~ r ~ is present in the fmish ~4~ in ranges of from 5 to 50 wt.%, ~,lef.,Iabl~ from 5 to 30 wt.%, and more plef~.,.bl~ from 10 to 25 wt.%. It has been found that these l~,L~ low levels of c~ :r.- .~ may be used in the finish co-- E~;~iQn without s~.~ifi. ug the performance of the f~ush by s~ g cl~ high m~ ~~ weight, ~ - ' ' having a pluraliq of h~v~.~ ~r chains or l,. ' Without being bound to a particular theory, it is hypo~h~;7~d that the multiple h~ ' . l"
chains or bl ' of the h~,.' ,,)~' -b-~ r,c - of the emrl~;firr (1) provide a site for î t ~ ~1 hlt.,, with the bl ~ h~ ' v&tbon f ~r-' ~ of the pvl~ - to form a stable ~ ' in an aqueous soluuion and to facilitate removal of the lubli~t from the textile fiber during s ~ and (2) absol ~tion of the e ' ~ into the textile fiber.
The following em~r;firrs have been found to meet the p~,r~,l uauc~ criteria of the present fiber finish cv~po~i~ion:
(A) b.~. hcd alcohols having at least two Ali, ' - - chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 20 moles of aLl~ylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, o"~lenc oxide and glycidol, ~l.,fcllGd features include from 3 to 12 moles of aLlcylene oxides and at least 50 % of the moles of alkylene oxide being ethylene oxide. More plef~.abl~, at least 75 mole % of the alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide. Fcreri~lly useful are branched alcohols having C6-C,4 aLl~yl chains and a total of 12 to 28 carbon atoms, notably Cl2-C~8 Guerbet alcohols such as octyklQdecA~ol and isoeicosyl alcohol;
* Tr?/~l~m~rk - ~D
20852~4 _ .,~c i~umber 1795 (B) C3-C90 pol~hJ~L;c ~l o~k~ i ' ' g long chain alcohols and c~iv . of the same, having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides seleated from ethylene oxide, I,loy,l~,ne oxide, buqlene oxide and glycidoL followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a Cl2-C36 fatq acid; ~,.ef~.abl~ the fatty acidc are blarehed and have a total of 12 to 28 carbon atoms, for example iso-stearic acid. Decreased absorption of the emulsifier may be achieved by first reacting a ceconr~ hydroxyl forming aLlcylene oxide such as ~IO~ oxide or buqlene oxide with any primary hydroxyl groups of the polyh~ alcohol, followed by alkoxylation as des~.;l,cd above.
P.efe..ed features include C3-C6 pGlyhJd,;c alcohols, alku~l~ ~- with S to 40 moles of allcylenc oxides, and at least 50 % of the moles of alkylene oxide being ethylene oxide, more prcfe,~l~ at least 75 mole % are ethylene oxide; and (C) glyceryl esters of Cl2-C36 fatty acids wherein the fatq acids have at least one hydroxyl , and the hydroxyl 1~ have been all o~' t with a total of from S0 to W moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, 1~t~ - oxide and glycidol, p.~,fe..cd features include rl~ ~' ' ~ with LSO to 250 moles of allcylene oxides and at least 50% of the moles of alkylenc oxide being ethylene oxide. More ~,.ef~ at least 75 mole % of the all~ylene oxides are ethylene oxide. Glyaeryl esters of Cl2-C24 fatq acids are plef~ ,d, for e ~'~, castor oil may be alkoxylated as ~ec- ;1~ above to provide an emulsifier.
The nonionic eml-lcifiPrs may be employed alone or in combination.
The above emulsifiers may be 5ynt~pci~d by base-catalyzed aLlcoxylation with, for ~ , a potassium hydroxide catalyst. Col.lpz~ble results may be achieved by other techniques known to those with skill in the art. Ethylene oxide and ~,ru~ylene oxide are generally plef.,llcd alkylene oxides.
F~lllsifiers having an HLB value of between 6 and 13 are .eco.. cn(i~prl with those having an HLB
between ~ and 12 being preferred. HLB values of between 8.5 and 10.5 are most preferred.
In addition to the non-ionic emulsifiers described above, up to 10 wt.% of the finish colllpoa;tion Number 1795 may be a cationic or anionic emulsifier, ~,.ef,.dbl~ from 3 to 7 wt.% of an ionic emulsifier. By way of example, the ionic ~ may be selected from p~Cp~ ~od C10-Cl5 monohydric alcohol ~
having from 4 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide residues and ethoAylated quaternary amine - ~ ' such as Cordex AT-172, Tnqn~f?ct~ed by Finetex, Inc., Spenoer, North Carolina.
Minor amounts of additives may ~ ~ -o. up to 15 wt. % of the finish co.. p~ For exaunple, viscosity modifiers, low sling vq~ such as pol~.sul,.~lylene (up to 5 wt.%), ~ntjC~?~jr agents (up to S wt%) and water may be added to the finish ~o ~i`- ';o" without d~,.- - g from the scope of the ._ - ~r The finish ,~ s is applied to a textile fiber by any number of known rn~ ~~ ', such ac from a kis rolL pad, bath or spray noz~le, to provide a lubricated fiber co~ g app.., ~ rly 0.4 to 7 wt.% of the finish co--.p~:l;on Typically, the finish cc- po~;~io cu...p,~es from .7 to 3 wt.% of the l~, ~ fiber.
The finish cr. ~-:~ic!n may be used neat, with the addition of minor qmoun-c of water or as an "I~ o" c~r"~ -~G from 3 to 25 wt.% of the co...p~:~ion in water. For most applirq~i~ s, ' - - which are stable for 8 hours will be adeq~ P If it is desu b'- to operate with the mqYimnm level of poly~lp' ~ s, ~ ' - which are stable for less than 8 hours may be ~ p! ,_d, ~Iu.;ded the ~ - ' is used ,eld~ l), quickly or is q~yr?~
The finish ,c rn -n herein is useful on a wide range of textile fibers, particularly s~ textile fibers such as pol~ -s, e~ elqc~omoTic pol~elh~es (spandex), polyesters, polyamides, e;,~ Nylon 6 and Nylon 66, pol~ s, especially pol~.c,~lelle, pol~lhyl me and block and random copol~ uc.~ thereof, and acrylics. The finish co~;lion is particularly useful ~.h~,n~_. there is a t~ ' ;
of the fiber to absorb the finish, as is the case with several of the synthetic fibers. In the past, spandex fibers have proven difficult to lubricate during finishing operations without the finish abso-l,mg into the fiber or otherwise causing fiber degradation. As used lLo_v' ~u~, the terms "spandex" or "elqcton oTic pol~ n are intended to refer to block COpGI m ~ made by reaction of diisocyantes with L~LUA~ le- ' low mol^ Iqr weight polymers (macroglycols) and .liqminP5 or glycols (chain extenders) which creates relatively soft and hard sç~mçn~c in the copolymer. See En~J~lopedia of Polymer Science and Fr~ r~f e Volume 6, 6 * Tr~d~m~rk F ~
!L' 20~5~0~
-`.ise Number 1795 pp. 718-19, 733-SS (1986).
Preferably, the finish couupo.;tion has the fo~lowing plo~llies.
1. A neat iscosity of less than 200 cellli~ise @ 25C.
NONIONIC EMUI~II~ ~CS HAVING A PLURALrlY OF HYI)ROCARBON CHAINS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a lul~ compQ~ifion for finishing synthetic te-Atile fibers, and in pa,li.uld~ to a co ~ n con~ g a poly lp~ - nl~ ' oil and an ,...p,u._d ~ ;fif ~ having a pol~)Aj. "~ylene chain and a L~L~Fhob ~ ~ne.~t having a plurality of C4-C32 ~liph~ir groups.
Synthetic pol~...c.~ are made into fibers in the form of c~ ~' ~ - usually by a process of melt Spi~ni~ The fi~ n~s are cooled and converted into filament yarn, staple or tow. Typically, a lubricant co..-pG:,;Liûn or finish is applied to the fibers to aid in processing operations by IG 1~ e friction, ~- S-r f E static charges and modifying the pliability and yarn bundle forming characteristics of the fibers.
The finish should be l~ ti~ non-absorbent, since this can adversely affect the strength and el~t;~it~ of the fibers. Also, as the finish is abso,L~d, the fibers tends to swell, 11 ~ t-~r is lost and friction i...l~s.
Another t~ re...e.~t of the finish is that it should be removable from the fiber by co~. ~' pr~ ' G~.
Mineral oil was one of the fust co..,po - : used as a fiber finish for synthetic fibers. However, due to the high degree of absorption of mineral oil into some fibers, especially el~ct~ ;c pol~ hanes, mineral oils have been replaced by polysiloAane oils.
The polysiloA~ane oils provide better lubrication and are generally abso,l~d less by the fibers. In pauticular, polvsiloAane oils have been useful in conjun~tion with pûl~ e~ ~ that are es~.;all~ sensitive to the del~,t~ , effects of absorption of lul~ s, such as ~ ric pol~elLane (spdl;.d~,A) fibers. Although polysiloxane oils have been used on el~c~omeric pol~ ,thanes for well over twenty yeaus, there aue several drawbacks associated with the InO lg of fibers treated with these oils. The polysiloxane oils do not offer the cohesion needed to keep yarn bundles or pa~l~ages together, and package degradation is noticed with time. The lack of boundary friction associated with the polysiloxane oils also leads to irregularities in yarn package formation, such as saddling and bulging, and limits yarn package size.
., 1 ~
E
('.~se .~umber 1795 Safety and eu..-~ ~ concm-.O also militate against the use of polysiloxane oils as fiber finishes.
Beam d rr ~g of the polyc~ on the floors of pr~g plants creates an eu~ c - ripe for slipping ?criAentc This danger is exacerbated by the difficulty of removing poly~ ,s, ne oils from the floor.
E-l~h~ ~ ~lly, the polysiloxane oils have come under attack in that the oils do not readily 1~ .dc.
Furthermore, since the poly-siloxane oils tend to ~F~ o a flame, oil which remains on the yarn after fabric forr^fi~r~ can ci~rifir~n~ly increase the fl~ y of fabric. Thus, the use of polysiloxane oils by the textile industry is coming under i~ ,a_cd rtogrl^fi-m A poly^lpl~^r' ~ based fiber finish is .1;~, loscd in Ros-c et aL, U.S. Patent No. 4,995,884. The patent disdoses a funish cou~po~;~ion c r ' ~ from 30 to 70 wt.% of a pol~ Ip~ ~o~ - ' 25 to 50 wt.% of an e---. I~:r.. ~ and 5 to 20 wt.% of an ~r~tist^~ir agent. Specific ~les of filLish form~ irr~ having from 37.6 to 56.6 wt.% polyall ~ao! ~ are provided in the patent. The finish c(,uuFo~ ion is applied to the 6ber as an aqueous e ' - Any suitable ,om ' ~- g agent may be used and several ~ a. '~~1 ' - are lero ~ rl~l While it is often de~.~at'- to provide a finish as an e~ -lsi-- from the vi~ of ease of ~1l r~-~ on and removal from the textile fiber, em~llc;fi~rs generally have a negative impact on ~.~ -of the I I ~ iti~n~lly~ the emnl~;fi~- may absorb into the te~ile fiber resulting in swelling and we~ e of the fiber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, one of the objects of the invention is to provide a fiber fimsh which will lubricate the fiber during processing operations, will not cause degradation or swelling of the fiber, will not adversely affect yarn package formation, and can be removed from the fiber by conventional washing and scouring operations.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fiber finish adapted for use on synthetic fibers, particularly el~s~om~ric polyurethane fibers.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a finish com~;~inn having a high per ~ of polyqlp~ oil which may be applied to the fiber as an aqueous e ' -n, and wherein the emr~l~;fi~or is not absorbed by the fiber or does not otherwise detract from finish performance.
Ac~orv~51~, a finish co..,po~ilion is provided with from 50 to 95 wt.% of a poly~lrh^o! ' oil and from 5 to 50 wt.% of an emnlcifi~ r having a polyoxyaLcylene chain and a hydrophobic cu...p~ ~
.L~a.l. .i~d by at least two C4-C32 aliphatic chains or 1" - ' - Plcf~ .abl~, the L~ ' o~ho~ ~ r r - - of the ~ ' ' has at least two C6-C,4 aliphatic chains and an HLB value of from 6 to 13 The f sh co~ - imparts superior h~Lod~..a.-lic and bou..~y frictional ~L~ to fiber and yarn, has - ~ ~i, ' '- adverse impact on the physical properties of the fiber, shows minimal ab~lioa into synthetic fibers, e~.;all~ spandex, and is ,el.lti~ easy to remove from the fiber. The finish co--~ io-- features a .ehti~ high coac~ .lion of a b,ànched L~Lo~l~a lul" and an . . with multiple hydrocarbon chairls or 1~ The finish may be applied to the fiber as an and is easily .~i . d from the fiber by s~ g Thus the present ~. provides a fiber finish co.~~ c g on a neat basis:
(a) from 50 to 95 parts by weight of a pol~ selected from trimer, t~t and ~- ;, of octene-1, decene-l, dtde - 1 and l~tl t~e ~
(b) from 5 to 50 parts by weight of an; ~ selected from:
(i) L~ alcohols having at least two ~lipl- ~ chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 30 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, I,.v~P ~ oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol; and (ii) C3~cgo pol~L~d~;c alcohols having at least three ~d~v.~l sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol, I,,v.idcd that if any of said L~v~vl~l sites are primary ~leo~~l, then said primary alcohols are reacted with ~O~ L~VIVAYI forming alkylene oxide prior to alkoxylation, followed by ~t~. --- in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a C,2-C36 fatty acid.
E
In another aspect the i~ provides an aqueous c...~ n comprising from 3 to 25 v,~t.%
of a finish composition having: 2 0 8 5 2 0 4 (a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalp!~ selected from trimers, t~lr s and 1~ .. of octene-1, decene-1, dcde- - 1 and tCl~
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 pobhydric alcohols having at least three L~IL~yl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esteriffcation in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a Cl2-C28 fatty acid.
DESCRlf~lON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIME;NT OF THE INVENTION
Without ~imiting the scope of the invention, the preferred features of the i.... -- are set forth.
The fiber finish cc,,.lpo.;lion of the present invention contains a poly~p!-~ n I '~ and an e-A~lc;fi~-t. The col..po~ilion may be applied to a textile fiber neat or as an oil in water em ' r - ~
may be prepared by any conventional ~ hniqnl., for example high speed mixing, using a~ 3 to 25 wt.% of the finish in the aqueous e ' -, p.efe,dbl~ 10 to 20 wt.% of the finish in the aqueous ~ ' -Preferred poly~lph~l-finc indude trimers, telrall~cl ., ~1.l~, . and } ~. of alpha olefns, C;~ddlly octene-1, decene-1, lo~k~ e-1 and t~,l-adccene-1. Cu~ e,dally ~ pol~
typically contain a ~.l-i'L~ulion of oligomers - those predo...;-~ ly co..lyli~.cd of trimers are ~,lefe..~d.
Poly~lrh~ol^finc having utility herein may be characterized by a viscosity of 2 to 10 con~ic~oroc at 100C, preferably 4 to 8 c~ontic~o7~es at 100C, a smoke point greater than 300F. F~--m~l ' ,s of suitable ~' L~ I
,~c ,~'umber 179S
poly~ include Ethylflo*162, 164, 166,168 and 170, rnAn ~tnred and distributed by Ethyl Co~ tion, Baton Rouge, T, ---The poly~lp~^-' ' lubricant c~ .i;es from 50 to 95 wt.% of the finish cc,~po:,;tion. It is desirable to mAYitni7~ the ,-c ~.tion of l.. l,.;.~ in the finish cv.,.po~i~ion, provided that a ~ level of an ~ ;r;~ is present to facilitate removal of the luvl- - from the textile fiber when so desired, and when the finish is applied as an emulsion, a s ~rl~ r level of ~ ' - to m~in~r:- a stable ~ ' -Thus, ranges of pol~ ly~ ' ' in the fulish ~.,.~ilion of from 70 to 95 wt.% are ~t,f~,.led, with ranges of 75 to 90 wt.% being most p~c,fellGd.
An ~ r ~ is present in the fmish ~4~ in ranges of from 5 to 50 wt.%, ~,lef.,Iabl~ from 5 to 30 wt.%, and more plef~.,.bl~ from 10 to 25 wt.%. It has been found that these l~,L~ low levels of c~ :r.- .~ may be used in the finish co-- E~;~iQn without s~.~ifi. ug the performance of the f~ush by s~ g cl~ high m~ ~~ weight, ~ - ' ' having a pluraliq of h~v~.~ ~r chains or l,. ' Without being bound to a particular theory, it is hypo~h~;7~d that the multiple h~ ' . l"
chains or bl ' of the h~,.' ,,)~' -b-~ r,c - of the emrl~;firr (1) provide a site for î t ~ ~1 hlt.,, with the bl ~ h~ ' v&tbon f ~r-' ~ of the pvl~ - to form a stable ~ ' in an aqueous soluuion and to facilitate removal of the lubli~t from the textile fiber during s ~ and (2) absol ~tion of the e ' ~ into the textile fiber.
The following em~r;firrs have been found to meet the p~,r~,l uauc~ criteria of the present fiber finish cv~po~i~ion:
(A) b.~. hcd alcohols having at least two Ali, ' - - chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 20 moles of aLl~ylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, o"~lenc oxide and glycidol, ~l.,fcllGd features include from 3 to 12 moles of aLlcylene oxides and at least 50 % of the moles of alkylene oxide being ethylene oxide. More plef~.abl~, at least 75 mole % of the alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide. Fcreri~lly useful are branched alcohols having C6-C,4 aLl~yl chains and a total of 12 to 28 carbon atoms, notably Cl2-C~8 Guerbet alcohols such as octyklQdecA~ol and isoeicosyl alcohol;
* Tr?/~l~m~rk - ~D
20852~4 _ .,~c i~umber 1795 (B) C3-C90 pol~hJ~L;c ~l o~k~ i ' ' g long chain alcohols and c~iv . of the same, having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides seleated from ethylene oxide, I,loy,l~,ne oxide, buqlene oxide and glycidoL followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a Cl2-C36 fatq acid; ~,.ef~.abl~ the fatty acidc are blarehed and have a total of 12 to 28 carbon atoms, for example iso-stearic acid. Decreased absorption of the emulsifier may be achieved by first reacting a ceconr~ hydroxyl forming aLlcylene oxide such as ~IO~ oxide or buqlene oxide with any primary hydroxyl groups of the polyh~ alcohol, followed by alkoxylation as des~.;l,cd above.
P.efe..ed features include C3-C6 pGlyhJd,;c alcohols, alku~l~ ~- with S to 40 moles of allcylenc oxides, and at least 50 % of the moles of alkylene oxide being ethylene oxide, more prcfe,~l~ at least 75 mole % are ethylene oxide; and (C) glyceryl esters of Cl2-C36 fatty acids wherein the fatq acids have at least one hydroxyl , and the hydroxyl 1~ have been all o~' t with a total of from S0 to W moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, 1~t~ - oxide and glycidol, p.~,fe..cd features include rl~ ~' ' ~ with LSO to 250 moles of allcylene oxides and at least 50% of the moles of alkylenc oxide being ethylene oxide. More ~,.ef~ at least 75 mole % of the all~ylene oxides are ethylene oxide. Glyaeryl esters of Cl2-C24 fatq acids are plef~ ,d, for e ~'~, castor oil may be alkoxylated as ~ec- ;1~ above to provide an emulsifier.
The nonionic eml-lcifiPrs may be employed alone or in combination.
The above emulsifiers may be 5ynt~pci~d by base-catalyzed aLlcoxylation with, for ~ , a potassium hydroxide catalyst. Col.lpz~ble results may be achieved by other techniques known to those with skill in the art. Ethylene oxide and ~,ru~ylene oxide are generally plef.,llcd alkylene oxides.
F~lllsifiers having an HLB value of between 6 and 13 are .eco.. cn(i~prl with those having an HLB
between ~ and 12 being preferred. HLB values of between 8.5 and 10.5 are most preferred.
In addition to the non-ionic emulsifiers described above, up to 10 wt.% of the finish colllpoa;tion Number 1795 may be a cationic or anionic emulsifier, ~,.ef,.dbl~ from 3 to 7 wt.% of an ionic emulsifier. By way of example, the ionic ~ may be selected from p~Cp~ ~od C10-Cl5 monohydric alcohol ~
having from 4 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide residues and ethoAylated quaternary amine - ~ ' such as Cordex AT-172, Tnqn~f?ct~ed by Finetex, Inc., Spenoer, North Carolina.
Minor amounts of additives may ~ ~ -o. up to 15 wt. % of the finish co.. p~ For exaunple, viscosity modifiers, low sling vq~ such as pol~.sul,.~lylene (up to 5 wt.%), ~ntjC~?~jr agents (up to S wt%) and water may be added to the finish ~o ~i`- ';o" without d~,.- - g from the scope of the ._ - ~r The finish ,~ s is applied to a textile fiber by any number of known rn~ ~~ ', such ac from a kis rolL pad, bath or spray noz~le, to provide a lubricated fiber co~ g app.., ~ rly 0.4 to 7 wt.% of the finish co--.p~:l;on Typically, the finish cc- po~;~io cu...p,~es from .7 to 3 wt.% of the l~, ~ fiber.
The finish cr. ~-:~ic!n may be used neat, with the addition of minor qmoun-c of water or as an "I~ o" c~r"~ -~G from 3 to 25 wt.% of the co...p~:~ion in water. For most applirq~i~ s, ' - - which are stable for 8 hours will be adeq~ P If it is desu b'- to operate with the mqYimnm level of poly~lp' ~ s, ~ ' - which are stable for less than 8 hours may be ~ p! ,_d, ~Iu.;ded the ~ - ' is used ,eld~ l), quickly or is q~yr?~
The finish ,c rn -n herein is useful on a wide range of textile fibers, particularly s~ textile fibers such as pol~ -s, e~ elqc~omoTic pol~elh~es (spandex), polyesters, polyamides, e;,~ Nylon 6 and Nylon 66, pol~ s, especially pol~.c,~lelle, pol~lhyl me and block and random copol~ uc.~ thereof, and acrylics. The finish co~;lion is particularly useful ~.h~,n~_. there is a t~ ' ;
of the fiber to absorb the finish, as is the case with several of the synthetic fibers. In the past, spandex fibers have proven difficult to lubricate during finishing operations without the finish abso-l,mg into the fiber or otherwise causing fiber degradation. As used lLo_v' ~u~, the terms "spandex" or "elqcton oTic pol~ n are intended to refer to block COpGI m ~ made by reaction of diisocyantes with L~LUA~ le- ' low mol^ Iqr weight polymers (macroglycols) and .liqminP5 or glycols (chain extenders) which creates relatively soft and hard sç~mçn~c in the copolymer. See En~J~lopedia of Polymer Science and Fr~ r~f e Volume 6, 6 * Tr~d~m~rk F ~
!L' 20~5~0~
-`.ise Number 1795 pp. 718-19, 733-SS (1986).
Preferably, the finish couupo.;tion has the fo~lowing plo~llies.
1. A neat iscosity of less than 200 cellli~ise @ 25C.
2. A polyurethane absorption of less than 3 percent by weight of elastom~ric pol~u-,lhane.
3. An ~ r;r ~ion effe.li~ness as measured by the p,esel.~ of a stable ~ nnl ;rin at 25 C lasting for at least 8 hours.
4. Flber to metal h~ ,.a~;c friction on pol~7l~l and nylon of less than 1.06 and O.99"e~ Iy.
S. Flber to fiber bo~d~u~ friiction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, l~ s~.li.~
The ~_ may be further understood by l. fe.~ : to the fo'ilowing ~ p!~ but the ._ ~ is not i-~nded to be unduly limited thereby. Unless otherwise ' - (J7 all parts and pe.- ~ are by weight. The abb,~i~;dtions EO and PO r~ plescut ethylene oxide and plo~Jle ne oxide residues ,esp~ti.
FY~ S 1-4 dem~ ~te ~ref~ d forn-inl~ions of the finish colupo:,ilion for al pl~ - to a tex~ile fiber as an ~ ' -In a typical experiment, 80 grams of a 4 centistoke poly alpha olefin, provided by the EthylCorporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker eql~ipped with a rn~i~tic stir bar.
20 grams of 2-octyklodc~
7EO was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. To this mixture, 53 grams of C12-C15 SEO phospk~ and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added l~ s~li.~ 1~. The resulting miYture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
EXAMPLE 2 2 ~ ~ 5 ~ ~ ~
In a typical e~.h..c.-t~ 80 grams of a 6 r~Pn~ictoLP poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Corporatio4 was placed in a 250 ml beaker e~l. iy~d with a n-~, ' ~ stir bar. 20 grarns of 2-oclfl-~ie~
7EO was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniforrn mixture. To this mixture, 5.3 grams of C12-C15 SEO phc~p~ - :, and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added ~ . The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
In a typical eA~, - t, 80 grams of a 4 rr-ntictol-p poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Co~ tion, was placed in a W ml beaker c<~ ,~d with a ~Ptie stir bar. 10 grams of 2-~yldo~le~ ol 7EO and 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniforrn mixture. To this mixture, 5.3 grams of C12-C15 SEO p~- .' - , and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added lcs~ ly. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
In a typical cA~ e--t, 80 grams of a 6 r~pnticto~-p poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Col~f 1 was placed in a 250 ml beaker ~e, . re~ with a r~:~P.tj~-- stir bar. 10 grams of 2-o~ o~k 7EO and 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. To this mixtwe, 53 grams of C12-ClS SEO p~ , ' , and 45 grams castor oil 200EO was added le.,~ ly. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 29 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
S
~. `i (~sc l~lumber 1795 F--- E 's 5-8 A~monctrate preferred form~ o~c of the finish compoc;~ion for ~pp~- ~;o ~ to a textile fiber neat.
EXAMPLE S
In a tvpical e,~ -cnt, 90 grams of 4 ~I-n~ict~ o poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker c~. , r e d with a ~~ ~, ~ stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The .e~.~ ' " mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes.
In a typical experiment, 90 grams of 6 c~ntictolre poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Co, ~, ~ , was plaoed in a 250 ml beaker e I . r e d with a magnetic stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The ., ' g mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
EX~MPLE 7 In a tvpical ~ n,.~l, 90 grams of a 50/50 blend of 4 e~n~i~tcl-~ and 6 centictolr~ poly alpha olefin, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a m~, "~ stir bar.
10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes.
In a typical t;A~I ulm~L, 90 grams of a 80/20 blend of 4 (~enticto~f and 6 centistoke poly alpha olefin, both provided bv the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a m~ ir stir bar.
10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then ~`- 2o8s2o4 .~umber 1795 agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
F~ , '~ . 9-12 ~lemonctrate ~nefe...,d formnl~icnc of the finish co--~si~i~n for ~ppkr ~;on tO a textile flber neat with a low sling additive, Tebeflex 200, a pol~,so~ulylene mixture.
In a typical ~ ~. t, 90 grams of 4 cen~ic~olre poly alpha olef~,provided by the Ethyl Co~l~ul~ion~ was placed in a 250 ml beaker c~ ;ppcd with a rn~netir stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams of TebeQex*200, yul~Lased from Boehme Filatex, was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
In a typical eA~,~cnt, 90 grams of 6 cen~ic~ e poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Col~,ol~lioll, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a . ~ ;c stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams of Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
In a typical e.~ ue"~, 90 grams of a 50/50 blend of a 4 cen~ictol~- and 6 cen~ic~ol~e poly alpha olef~, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a ~a" ~ - stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
* Tr?,d~m~rk f~
~08~2Q~
Case .~umber 1795 In a typical cA~ [ut, 90 grams of a ~'.0/20 blend of a 4 rentictol~e and 6 cp~l~icto~e poly alpha olefun, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a --~ ~f~ stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mi~ure was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCI`
The following tests were run on the spin funish to evaluate r. - -~ characteristics versus polycil~Y-~s and also CQ~p'';l~ l ~y with polyurethane fiber.
11~3r~J~ - Friction was evaluated using a ~o~ frict~ ptpr. The finish was applied to 70/34 polyester and 70/34 Nylon 6 at 0.75 percent on weight of fiber (OWF) and allowed to ~ ' ~ for at least 24 hours at 72~ and 63 percent relative humidity. After co~ ;o~: ~g~ the L~L~ - fiber to metal friction was obtained on the 12O~- ' '' frictl~ -Pr at fiber speeds of 100 meters/minute and ~et~ r of 20 grams. Boundary frictions were performed likewise, except that the yarn speed was 0.0071 méters/minute and the pretension set at 50 grams.
The col~po~i~ions or Fy~mFles 1-12 were applied to the fiber tested with an Atlab Funish Applicator, at a level of 0.75 OWF.
Fol~ - absorption was ..ta~ ,d according to the following procedure:
An cl~ctom~ric polyurethane film (2-3 grams) was weighed on an analytical balance, placed in 100 mls. of a 20 wt. % emulsion of the finish composition m water and the mixture stirred for 6 minutes. The polyurethane film was then removed, rinsed with water, and allowed to dry. The resulting weight increase of the polyurethane film was then calculated and expressed as the percent absorption.
('I~C ~,umber 1~95 Viscosity Me_ ~ were performed using a Brookfield Viccome~er operating at either 30 or 60 rpm's and ~ pk, g a number 1 spindle. All mr~ c~ ,nts were taken at 25C.
Smoke wints were determined using the Cleveland Open Cup method. One hundred grams of the product was placed in the cup and heated. Using a thPrmnm~ ter hl....~,. ~ecd in the product, the smoke point was recorded at the tel..peldtulc at which the first smoke became evident.
Table 1 rc~Jlcse~lts various pol~elhane abso.~lion data as ...ea,ulcd by the described pl~ ' c, for the l,.e.edil,g eY~rnpk, T~R~ ~. 1 POLYURlEllIAN~ABSORPTIONS
PRODUCT PERCENT
ABSORPIION
EX~U~PLE 1 0.62 EX~UPLE 2 022 EX~PLE 3 0.10 EX~PLE 4 0.26 EX~PLE 5 0.67 EX~PLE 6 0~2 EX~PLE 7 0.06 EX~MPLE 8 0.49 EX~PLE 9 0.68 EX~MPLE10 0~6 EX~PLEll 1.00 Eh~PLE12 0.43 Table 2 lists the viscosity as measured by the dcsc.il,cd ~,.occdulcs for the r--- , '-- of this invention ( ;Isc Number 1?95 VISCOS}lY~DATA~
FINISH VlSCOSIlY,cps EXAMPLE 1 109.6 EXAMPLE 2 lS2.0 EXAMPLE 3 84.8 EXAMPLE 4 163.0 EXAMPLE 5 38.0 EXAMPLE 7 S2.0 EXAMPLE 8 44.0 EXAMPLE 10 78.0 EXAMPLE 11 S6.0 Tables 3 and 4 lists the h~Lu~ and b~ frictions on nylon and pol~_~.t~,."~;._l~, as e~ ~,d by the dcs~.;l,cd p,~l~, for the 7 ,1~f of the ..,~. t-- The silicone finish tested was a 20 r~ntiC~ol~, pol~ h,~ J ~
B;OUND~RY~ AN D IIYDRODYNAMIC FIU(:710NS ON~70/34 NYLON~
F/M F/M F/F F/F
CHEMICAL F/M F/FKINETICSTATIC KINETIC STATIC
SILICONE 0 t8 0.200.13 0.17 020 035 EXAMPLE 1 0.74 039 0.10 0.13 0.1S 0.19 EXAMPLE 2 0.890.46 0.08 0.12 0.14 Ql9 EXAMPLE 3 0.7S 039 0.08 0.12 0.1S 0.18 EXAMPLE 1 0.910.49 0.09 0.12 0.1S 0.18 EX~MPLE 5 0.740.41 0.07 0.08 0.16 020 EXAMPLE 6 0.9t0.49 0.08 0.09 0.17 021 EXAMPLE 7 0.920.43 0.08 o.og 0.18 022 EXAMPLE 8 0.790.43 0.07 0.08 0.16 020 EXAMPLE 9 0.72 039 0.09 0.12 0.18 023 EXAMPLE 100.98 0.460.09 0.1t 0.17 0tl EXAMPLE 110.88 0.430.09 0.12 0.18 022 EXAMPLE 120.84 0.430.10 0.12 0.18 0.23 J~Numberl 20~5204 TA;BLE 4 HYDRODYNAMIC~ U~IONS~ON~ 4 POLY~
HYDRODYN~MIC BOUNDARY
F/M F/M F/F F/F
PRODUCT F/M F/FKINETIC STATIC KINETIC STATIC
SILICONE 0.57 0.280.08 0.11 0.14 021 EXAMPLE 1 0.89 0.430.06 Q10 0.11 Q17 EX~MPLE 2 1.04 0.490.08 0.12 0.11 Q16 EXAMPLE 3 0.91 0.430.07 0.10 0.12 0.18 EXAMPLE 4 1.05 0.500.07 0.09 0.09 0.14 EXAMPLE 5 0.86 0.490.06 0.09 0.09 0.14 EXAMPLE 6 1.04 0.490.06 0.08 0.12 016 EXAMPLE 7 0.93 0.460.06 0.08 0.09 0.14 EX~MPLE 8 0.93 0.440.06 0.08 0.09 Q14 EXAMPLE 9 0~6 0.410.06 0.07 0.11 0.14 EX~MPLE 10 1.04 0.470.06 0.07 0.11 014 EXAMPLE 11 0.96 0.460.07 0.08 0.11 Q14 EXAMPI.E 12 0.91 0.430.07 0.08 0.12 Q14 There are, of course, maay alter late ~ '-od and ~ which are i ' ' to be included within the scope of the fc":.. g daims.
S. Flber to fiber bo~d~u~ friiction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, l~ s~.li.~
The ~_ may be further understood by l. fe.~ : to the fo'ilowing ~ p!~ but the ._ ~ is not i-~nded to be unduly limited thereby. Unless otherwise ' - (J7 all parts and pe.- ~ are by weight. The abb,~i~;dtions EO and PO r~ plescut ethylene oxide and plo~Jle ne oxide residues ,esp~ti.
FY~ S 1-4 dem~ ~te ~ref~ d forn-inl~ions of the finish colupo:,ilion for al pl~ - to a tex~ile fiber as an ~ ' -In a typical experiment, 80 grams of a 4 centistoke poly alpha olefin, provided by the EthylCorporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker eql~ipped with a rn~i~tic stir bar.
20 grams of 2-octyklodc~
7EO was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. To this mixture, 53 grams of C12-C15 SEO phospk~ and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added l~ s~li.~ 1~. The resulting miYture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
EXAMPLE 2 2 ~ ~ 5 ~ ~ ~
In a typical e~.h..c.-t~ 80 grams of a 6 r~Pn~ictoLP poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Corporatio4 was placed in a 250 ml beaker e~l. iy~d with a n-~, ' ~ stir bar. 20 grarns of 2-oclfl-~ie~
7EO was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniforrn mixture. To this mixture, 5.3 grams of C12-C15 SEO phc~p~ - :, and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added ~ . The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
In a typical eA~, - t, 80 grams of a 4 rr-ntictol-p poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Co~ tion, was placed in a W ml beaker c<~ ,~d with a ~Ptie stir bar. 10 grams of 2-~yldo~le~ ol 7EO and 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniforrn mixture. To this mixture, 5.3 grams of C12-C15 SEO p~- .' - , and 4.5 grams castor oil 200EO was added lcs~ ly. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 2.9 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
In a typical cA~ e--t, 80 grams of a 6 r~pnticto~-p poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Col~f 1 was placed in a 250 ml beaker ~e, . re~ with a r~:~P.tj~-- stir bar. 10 grams of 2-o~ o~k 7EO and 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. To this mixtwe, 53 grams of C12-ClS SEO p~ , ' , and 45 grams castor oil 200EO was added le.,~ ly. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes. 29 grams of water was then added to provide a clear stable mixture.
S
~. `i (~sc l~lumber 1795 F--- E 's 5-8 A~monctrate preferred form~ o~c of the finish compoc;~ion for ~pp~- ~;o ~ to a textile fiber neat.
EXAMPLE S
In a tvpical e,~ -cnt, 90 grams of 4 ~I-n~ict~ o poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker c~. , r e d with a ~~ ~, ~ stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The .e~.~ ' " mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes.
In a typical experiment, 90 grams of 6 c~ntictolre poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Co, ~, ~ , was plaoed in a 250 ml beaker e I . r e d with a magnetic stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The ., ' g mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
EX~MPLE 7 In a tvpical ~ n,.~l, 90 grams of a 50/50 blend of 4 e~n~i~tcl-~ and 6 centictolr~ poly alpha olefin, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a m~, "~ stir bar.
10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for S minutes.
In a typical t;A~I ulm~L, 90 grams of a 80/20 blend of 4 (~enticto~f and 6 centistoke poly alpha olefin, both provided bv the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a m~ ir stir bar.
10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then ~`- 2o8s2o4 .~umber 1795 agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
F~ , '~ . 9-12 ~lemonctrate ~nefe...,d formnl~icnc of the finish co--~si~i~n for ~ppkr ~;on tO a textile flber neat with a low sling additive, Tebeflex 200, a pol~,so~ulylene mixture.
In a typical ~ ~. t, 90 grams of 4 cen~ic~olre poly alpha olef~,provided by the Ethyl Co~l~ul~ion~ was placed in a 250 ml beaker c~ ;ppcd with a rn~netir stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams of TebeQex*200, yul~Lased from Boehme Filatex, was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
In a typical eA~,~cnt, 90 grams of 6 cen~ic~ e poly alpha olefin,provided by the Ethyl Col~,ol~lioll, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a . ~ ;c stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO
28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams of Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
In a typical e.~ ue"~, 90 grams of a 50/50 blend of a 4 cen~ictol~- and 6 cen~ic~ol~e poly alpha olef~, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a ~a" ~ - stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mixture was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
* Tr?,d~m~rk f~
~08~2Q~
Case .~umber 1795 In a typical cA~ [ut, 90 grams of a ~'.0/20 blend of a 4 rentictol~e and 6 cp~l~icto~e poly alpha olefun, both provided by the Ethyl Corporation, was placed in a 250 ml beaker equipped with a --~ ~f~ stir bar. 10 grams of Sorbitol 2PO 28EO penta-isostearate and 2 grams Tebeflex 200 was then added to the beaker. The mi~ure was then agitated to provide a uniform mixture. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes.
EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCI`
The following tests were run on the spin funish to evaluate r. - -~ characteristics versus polycil~Y-~s and also CQ~p'';l~ l ~y with polyurethane fiber.
11~3r~J~ - Friction was evaluated using a ~o~ frict~ ptpr. The finish was applied to 70/34 polyester and 70/34 Nylon 6 at 0.75 percent on weight of fiber (OWF) and allowed to ~ ' ~ for at least 24 hours at 72~ and 63 percent relative humidity. After co~ ;o~: ~g~ the L~L~ - fiber to metal friction was obtained on the 12O~- ' '' frictl~ -Pr at fiber speeds of 100 meters/minute and ~et~ r of 20 grams. Boundary frictions were performed likewise, except that the yarn speed was 0.0071 méters/minute and the pretension set at 50 grams.
The col~po~i~ions or Fy~mFles 1-12 were applied to the fiber tested with an Atlab Funish Applicator, at a level of 0.75 OWF.
Fol~ - absorption was ..ta~ ,d according to the following procedure:
An cl~ctom~ric polyurethane film (2-3 grams) was weighed on an analytical balance, placed in 100 mls. of a 20 wt. % emulsion of the finish composition m water and the mixture stirred for 6 minutes. The polyurethane film was then removed, rinsed with water, and allowed to dry. The resulting weight increase of the polyurethane film was then calculated and expressed as the percent absorption.
('I~C ~,umber 1~95 Viscosity Me_ ~ were performed using a Brookfield Viccome~er operating at either 30 or 60 rpm's and ~ pk, g a number 1 spindle. All mr~ c~ ,nts were taken at 25C.
Smoke wints were determined using the Cleveland Open Cup method. One hundred grams of the product was placed in the cup and heated. Using a thPrmnm~ ter hl....~,. ~ecd in the product, the smoke point was recorded at the tel..peldtulc at which the first smoke became evident.
Table 1 rc~Jlcse~lts various pol~elhane abso.~lion data as ...ea,ulcd by the described pl~ ' c, for the l,.e.edil,g eY~rnpk, T~R~ ~. 1 POLYURlEllIAN~ABSORPTIONS
PRODUCT PERCENT
ABSORPIION
EX~U~PLE 1 0.62 EX~UPLE 2 022 EX~PLE 3 0.10 EX~PLE 4 0.26 EX~PLE 5 0.67 EX~PLE 6 0~2 EX~PLE 7 0.06 EX~MPLE 8 0.49 EX~PLE 9 0.68 EX~MPLE10 0~6 EX~PLEll 1.00 Eh~PLE12 0.43 Table 2 lists the viscosity as measured by the dcsc.il,cd ~,.occdulcs for the r--- , '-- of this invention ( ;Isc Number 1?95 VISCOS}lY~DATA~
FINISH VlSCOSIlY,cps EXAMPLE 1 109.6 EXAMPLE 2 lS2.0 EXAMPLE 3 84.8 EXAMPLE 4 163.0 EXAMPLE 5 38.0 EXAMPLE 7 S2.0 EXAMPLE 8 44.0 EXAMPLE 10 78.0 EXAMPLE 11 S6.0 Tables 3 and 4 lists the h~Lu~ and b~ frictions on nylon and pol~_~.t~,."~;._l~, as e~ ~,d by the dcs~.;l,cd p,~l~, for the 7 ,1~f of the ..,~. t-- The silicone finish tested was a 20 r~ntiC~ol~, pol~ h,~ J ~
B;OUND~RY~ AN D IIYDRODYNAMIC FIU(:710NS ON~70/34 NYLON~
F/M F/M F/F F/F
CHEMICAL F/M F/FKINETICSTATIC KINETIC STATIC
SILICONE 0 t8 0.200.13 0.17 020 035 EXAMPLE 1 0.74 039 0.10 0.13 0.1S 0.19 EXAMPLE 2 0.890.46 0.08 0.12 0.14 Ql9 EXAMPLE 3 0.7S 039 0.08 0.12 0.1S 0.18 EXAMPLE 1 0.910.49 0.09 0.12 0.1S 0.18 EX~MPLE 5 0.740.41 0.07 0.08 0.16 020 EXAMPLE 6 0.9t0.49 0.08 0.09 0.17 021 EXAMPLE 7 0.920.43 0.08 o.og 0.18 022 EXAMPLE 8 0.790.43 0.07 0.08 0.16 020 EXAMPLE 9 0.72 039 0.09 0.12 0.18 023 EXAMPLE 100.98 0.460.09 0.1t 0.17 0tl EXAMPLE 110.88 0.430.09 0.12 0.18 022 EXAMPLE 120.84 0.430.10 0.12 0.18 0.23 J~Numberl 20~5204 TA;BLE 4 HYDRODYNAMIC~ U~IONS~ON~ 4 POLY~
HYDRODYN~MIC BOUNDARY
F/M F/M F/F F/F
PRODUCT F/M F/FKINETIC STATIC KINETIC STATIC
SILICONE 0.57 0.280.08 0.11 0.14 021 EXAMPLE 1 0.89 0.430.06 Q10 0.11 Q17 EX~MPLE 2 1.04 0.490.08 0.12 0.11 Q16 EXAMPLE 3 0.91 0.430.07 0.10 0.12 0.18 EXAMPLE 4 1.05 0.500.07 0.09 0.09 0.14 EXAMPLE 5 0.86 0.490.06 0.09 0.09 0.14 EXAMPLE 6 1.04 0.490.06 0.08 0.12 016 EXAMPLE 7 0.93 0.460.06 0.08 0.09 0.14 EX~MPLE 8 0.93 0.440.06 0.08 0.09 Q14 EXAMPLE 9 0~6 0.410.06 0.07 0.11 0.14 EX~MPLE 10 1.04 0.470.06 0.07 0.11 014 EXAMPLE 11 0.96 0.460.07 0.08 0.11 Q14 EXAMPI.E 12 0.91 0.430.07 0.08 0.12 Q14 There are, of course, maay alter late ~ '-od and ~ which are i ' ' to be included within the scope of the fc":.. g daims.
Claims (20)
1. A fiber finish composition comprising on a neat basis:
(a) from 50 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimer, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 50 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two aliphatic chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 30 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol; and (ii) C3-C90 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol, provided that if any of said hydroxyl sites are primary alcohols, then said primary alcohols are reactedwith secondary hydroxyl forming alkylene oxide prior to alkoxylation, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a C12-C36 fatty acid.
(a) from 50 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimer, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 50 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two aliphatic chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 30 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol; and (ii) C3-C90 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 200 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycidol, provided that if any of said hydroxyl sites are primary alcohols, then said primary alcohols are reactedwith secondary hydroxyl forming alkylene oxide prior to alkoxylation, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 1 to 6 moles of a C12-C36 fatty acid.
2. The composition of Claim 1 wherein said polyalphaolefin comprises primarily trimers and tetramers of said olefins.
3. The composition of Claim 2 wherein at least 50% of said alkylene oxides comprising said emulsifiers are ethylene oxide.
4. The composition of Claim 3 wherein said emulsifiers have an HLB of between 6 and 13.
5. The composition of Claim 4 having a viscosity of less than 200 centipoise ? 25°C, a polyurethane absorption of less than 3 percent by weight of elastomeric polyulethane, a fiber to metal hydrodynamic friction on polyester and nylon of less than 1.06 and 0.99, respectively and a fiber to fiber boundary friction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, respectively.
6. A fiber finish composition comprising on a neat basis:
(a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a C12-C28 branched, fatty acid.
(a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a C12-C28 branched, fatty acid.
7. The composition of Claim 6 wherein said polyalphaolefin comprises primarily trimers and tetramers of said olefins.
8. The composition of Claim 7 wherein at least 50% of said alkylene oxides comprising said emulsifiers are ethylene oxide.
9. The composition of Claim 8 wherein said emulsifiers have an HLB of between 7 and 12.
10. The composition of Claim 9 having a viscosity of less than 200 centipoise ? 25°C, a urethane absorption of less than 3 percent by weight of elastomeric polyurethane, a fiber to metal hydrodynamic friction on polyester and nylon of less than 1.06 and 0.99, respectively and a fiber to fiber boundary friction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, respectively.
11. An aqueous emulsion comprising from 3 to 25 wt.% of a finish composition having:
(a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a C12-C28 fatty acid.
(a) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of a polyalphaolefin selected from trimers, tetramers, pentamers and hexamers of octene-1, decene-1, dodecene-1 and tetradecene-1;
(b) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from:
(i) branched alcohols having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and (ii) C3-C6 polyhydric alcohols having at least three hydroxyl sites, which have been alkoxylated with from 5 to 40 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, followed by esterification in an acidic medium with 3 to 6 moles of a C12-C28 fatty acid.
12. The emulsion of Claim 11 wherein said polyalphaolefin comprises primarily trimers and tetramers of said olefins.
13. The emulsion of Claim 12 wherein at least 50% of said alkylene oxides comprising said emulsifiers are ethylene oxide.
14. The emulsion of Claim 13 wherein said finish composition comprises from 75 to 90 parts by weight of said polyalphaolefin and from 10 to 25 parts of saidemulsifier.
15. The emnlsion of Claim 14 wherein said emulsifiers have an HLB of between 7 and 12.
16. The emulsion of Claim 14 having a viscosity of less than 200 centipoise ?
25°C, a urethane absorption of less than 3 percent by weight of elastomeric polyurethane, a fiber to metal hydrodynamic friction on polyester and nylon of less than 1.06 and 0.99, respectively and a fiber to fiber boundary friction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, respectively.
25°C, a urethane absorption of less than 3 percent by weight of elastomeric polyurethane, a fiber to metal hydrodynamic friction on polyester and nylon of less than 1.06 and 0.99, respectively and a fiber to fiber boundary friction on polyester and nylon of less than 0.27 and 0.37, respectively.
17. The emulsion of Claim 16 wherein said finish composition comprises from 3 to 7 parts by weight of an ionic emulsifier selected from phosphated C10-C15 monohydric alcohol alkoxylates, having from 4 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide residues and ethoxylated quaternary amines.
18. The composition of claim 5 wherein said emulsifier is a branched alcohol having at least two aliphatic chains of C4-C32 and from 12 to 36 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 30 moles alkylene oxides selected from ehtylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and glycol.
19. The composition of claim 10 wherein said emulsifier is a branched alcohol having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
20. The composition of claim 12 wherein said emulsifier is a branched alcohol having at least two alkyl chains of C6-C24 and from 12 to 28 total carbon atoms, which have been alkoxylated with from 3 to 12 moles of alkylene oxides selected from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/806,990 US5241042A (en) | 1991-12-13 | 1991-12-13 | Finish for textile fibers containing polyalphaolefin and nonionic emulsifiers having a plurality of hydrocarbon chains |
| US07/806,990 | 1991-12-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2085204A1 CA2085204A1 (en) | 1993-06-14 |
| CA2085204C true CA2085204C (en) | 1996-11-12 |
Family
ID=25195313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002085204A Expired - Fee Related CA2085204C (en) | 1991-12-13 | 1992-12-11 | Finish for textile fibers containing polyalphaolefin and nonionic emulsifiers having a plurality of hydrocarbon chains |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5241042A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0547846B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3266341B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2085204C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69209022T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0507325B1 (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1996-03-20 | Kao Corporation | Deinking composition and deinking method |
| US5288416A (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1994-02-22 | Milliken Research Corporation | Finish for textile fibers containing silahydrocarbon lubricants and nonionic emulsifiers having a plurality of hydrocarbon chains |
| DE4402193C1 (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-06-01 | Hoechst Ag | Aramid fibres for textile prodn. |
| DE4410708C1 (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-07-13 | Hoechst Ag | Aramid fibre with good mechanical, antistatic and processing properties |
| KR100378857B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2003-04-07 | 아사히 가세이 가부시키가이샤 | Smooth polyester fiber |
| US6120695A (en) * | 1999-01-11 | 2000-09-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High solids, shelf-stable spin finish composition |
| US6537662B1 (en) * | 1999-01-11 | 2003-03-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Soil-resistant spin finish compositions |
| US8207070B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2012-06-26 | Techmer Pm, Llc | Wettable polyolefin fibers and fabrics |
| KR100821893B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2008-04-16 | 주식회사 코오롱 | A spinfinish oil composite for elastic synthetic fiber with excellent heat-stability |
| DK1600532T3 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2007-07-16 | Boehme Chem Fab Kg | Hydrophilization of polyolefin- and / or polyester-containing materials |
| US20090275252A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2009-11-05 | Simandl Ronald F | Cleaning medium for removing contamination and method of making |
| US20080057808A1 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-03-06 | Bwxt Y-12, L.L.C. | Cleaning wipe for removing contamination from an article and method of making |
| EP2169110B1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2013-06-05 | Trevira Gmbh | Fire-resistant hollow fibres with silicon-free soft hand finish comprising a polyether and a condensation product of fatty acid |
| CN102264581B (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2013-05-29 | 高田株式会社 | Seat belt device |
| JP6083917B1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-02-22 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | Treatment agent for elastic fiber, elastic fiber, and method for producing polyurethane-based elastic fiber |
| JP6026038B1 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-11-16 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | Elastic fiber treatment agent, elastic fiber treatment method, and elastic fiber |
| JP7163095B2 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2022-10-31 | 松本油脂製薬株式会社 | Elastic fiber treatment agent and elastic fiber |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2965678A (en) * | 1951-12-28 | 1960-12-20 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Polyoxyethylene ethers of branched chain alcohols |
| GB1404061A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1975-08-28 | Revertex Ltd | Process for enlarging the particle size of polymer dispersions |
| US4240795A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1980-12-23 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Treatment of textiles with modified alpha-olefins |
| US4299994A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-11-10 | Sandoz, Inc. | Polyoxyalkylene condensation products |
| US4400281A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-08-23 | Atlantic Richfield Co. | Yarn processing lubricants |
| EP0127293A3 (en) * | 1983-04-24 | 1987-04-15 | HENKEL CORPORATION (a Delaware corp.) | Coning oil lubricant compositions |
| PH24631A (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1990-08-17 | Henkel Corp | Low-sling fiber lubricant comprising shearreduced high molecular wight polyisobutylene |
| US4995884A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1991-02-26 | Henkel Corporation | Polyalphaolefin emulsions for fiber and textile applications |
| US4999120A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-03-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aqueous emulsion finish for spandex fiber treatment comprising a polydimethyl siloxane and an ethoxylated long-chained alkanol |
-
1991
- 1991-12-13 US US07/806,990 patent/US5241042A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-12-11 CA CA002085204A patent/CA2085204C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-11 EP EP92311346A patent/EP0547846B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-11 DE DE69209022T patent/DE69209022T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-14 JP JP33330992A patent/JP3266341B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69209022D1 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| EP0547846B1 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| US5241042A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
| JPH05331769A (en) | 1993-12-14 |
| JP3266341B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 |
| CA2085204A1 (en) | 1993-06-14 |
| DE69209022T2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| EP0547846A1 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
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