CA2066958A1 - Nozzle, in particular for a gas-powered appliance for personal use - Google Patents
Nozzle, in particular for a gas-powered appliance for personal useInfo
- Publication number
- CA2066958A1 CA2066958A1 CA002066958A CA2066958A CA2066958A1 CA 2066958 A1 CA2066958 A1 CA 2066958A1 CA 002066958 A CA002066958 A CA 002066958A CA 2066958 A CA2066958 A CA 2066958A CA 2066958 A1 CA2066958 A1 CA 2066958A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- recess
- nozzle body
- bore
- micrometers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010052804 Drug tolerance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011009 synthetic ruby Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D1/00—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor
- A45D1/02—Curling-tongs, i.e. tongs for use when hot; Curling-irons, i.e. irons for use when hot; Accessories therefor with means for internal heating, e.g. by liquid fuel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D20/00—Hair drying devices; Accessories therefor
- A45D20/04—Hot-air producers
- A45D20/06—Hot-air producers heated otherwise than electrically; ventilated by muscle power
- A45D2020/065—Hot-air producers heated otherwise than electrically; ventilated by muscle power heated by gas or fuel
Landscapes
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure The invention is directed to a nozzle adapted to de-liver a fluid, in particular for gas-powered appliances for personal use, with a nozzle body 38 having an up-stream and a downstream surface 48, 46 and having ex-tending therethrough a nozzle bore 40. A recess 44 into which the nozzle bore 40 opens is provided in one of the surfaces 46, 48. By this means, large-scale manufacture of nozzle bores to small tolerances of the nozzle bore diameter is made possible. The nozzle disclosed is preferably used in gas-powered hair-care appliances. The invention is also directed to a method for manufacturing the nozzle.
(FIG. 5) 19 Mar 92/BH.
(FIG. 5) 19 Mar 92/BH.
Description
r~ ~
~ 1 ~ 05634 Nozzle, in Particular for a Gas-Powered Appliance for Personal Use This invention relates to a nozzle adapted to de-liver a fluid, in particular for gas-powered appliances for personal use, such as curling irons, hair dryers, hot plates or the like, with a nozzle body having an upstream and a downstream surface and having extending therethrough a nozzle bore.
A nozzle incorporating these features is known, for example, from the obvious prior use of a hair treating appliance with a catalytic heating device provided in the area of the hair curling portion as disclosed in EP 0 021 224 Bl. This appliance includes a nozzle mounting struc-ture through which a channel-type passaqe extends. A
nozzle body caulked, for example, relative to the nozzle mounting structure is disposed at the downstream end of the passage. This known nozzle body is comprised of a disk-shaped synthetic ruby through which a nozzle bore extends. The nozzle bore in the nozzle body is produced by means of a laser beam, the bore having in the applica-tion referred to a diameter of 55 micrometers with a tolerance of +/- 5 micrometers. It will be understood that the diameter of the nozzle hole depends on the specific use for which it is intended, that is, on the desired flow rate of the fluid.
While this nozzle has proven to be quite successful in practical use, there are certain disadvantages thereto due to the high tolerances of about +/- 10~ in the manu-facture of the nozzle bore. When the nozzle is used in gas-powered hair-care appliances as a dispenser for the amount of gas to be supplied to a gas heater, the ratio of the gas/air mixture varies widely among the appliances - 2 ~ 05634 due to the tolerances in the nozzle bore diameter to be permitted. This may cause some difficulties in the igni-tion of such a gas-powered hair-care appliance and may, under certain circumstances, result in an excessive gas consumption. Although methods are known in the art for manufacturing bores of a small diameter of from 30 micrometers to 200 micrometers to tolerances substan-tially smaller than the +/- 10~ mentioned, these methods are not suited for a large-scale and low-c~st manufacture of such nozzles.
It is an object of the present invention to allow the large-scale manufacture of nozzles of small diame-ters, in particular of from about 30 micrometers to about 200 micrometers, to smaller tolerances, the nozzles being especially suitable for gas-power~d appliances for per-sonal use. Tnis object is accomplished by a nozzle in-corporating the features initially referred to, in which a recess is provided in one of the surfaces ~f the nozzle body, with the nozzle bore opening into this recess. By this meansl the nozzle bore can be advantageously pro-duced by a one-sided piercing operation using suitable piercing tools. The burr produced in the piercing opera-tion being received in the recess provided in one of the surfaces of the nozzle body, it is thus protected from mechanical deformation in the subsequent transfer opera-tions necessary for further manufacturing cycles. ~xper-iments have shown that the burr produced in the piercing of nozzle bores which do not open into a recess in the nozzle body is subject to deformation or damage in sub-sequent manufacturing cycles, so that the small toler-ances of the bore diameter realizable with the piercing method are in part seriously aggravated. Because the burr is received in the recess provided in a surface of the nozzle body, the possibility of deformation or damage 2 ~
~ 1 ~ 05634 Nozzle, in Particular for a Gas-Powered Appliance for Personal Use This invention relates to a nozzle adapted to de-liver a fluid, in particular for gas-powered appliances for personal use, such as curling irons, hair dryers, hot plates or the like, with a nozzle body having an upstream and a downstream surface and having extending therethrough a nozzle bore.
A nozzle incorporating these features is known, for example, from the obvious prior use of a hair treating appliance with a catalytic heating device provided in the area of the hair curling portion as disclosed in EP 0 021 224 Bl. This appliance includes a nozzle mounting struc-ture through which a channel-type passaqe extends. A
nozzle body caulked, for example, relative to the nozzle mounting structure is disposed at the downstream end of the passage. This known nozzle body is comprised of a disk-shaped synthetic ruby through which a nozzle bore extends. The nozzle bore in the nozzle body is produced by means of a laser beam, the bore having in the applica-tion referred to a diameter of 55 micrometers with a tolerance of +/- 5 micrometers. It will be understood that the diameter of the nozzle hole depends on the specific use for which it is intended, that is, on the desired flow rate of the fluid.
While this nozzle has proven to be quite successful in practical use, there are certain disadvantages thereto due to the high tolerances of about +/- 10~ in the manu-facture of the nozzle bore. When the nozzle is used in gas-powered hair-care appliances as a dispenser for the amount of gas to be supplied to a gas heater, the ratio of the gas/air mixture varies widely among the appliances - 2 ~ 05634 due to the tolerances in the nozzle bore diameter to be permitted. This may cause some difficulties in the igni-tion of such a gas-powered hair-care appliance and may, under certain circumstances, result in an excessive gas consumption. Although methods are known in the art for manufacturing bores of a small diameter of from 30 micrometers to 200 micrometers to tolerances substan-tially smaller than the +/- 10~ mentioned, these methods are not suited for a large-scale and low-c~st manufacture of such nozzles.
It is an object of the present invention to allow the large-scale manufacture of nozzles of small diame-ters, in particular of from about 30 micrometers to about 200 micrometers, to smaller tolerances, the nozzles being especially suitable for gas-power~d appliances for per-sonal use. Tnis object is accomplished by a nozzle in-corporating the features initially referred to, in which a recess is provided in one of the surfaces ~f the nozzle body, with the nozzle bore opening into this recess. By this meansl the nozzle bore can be advantageously pro-duced by a one-sided piercing operation using suitable piercing tools. The burr produced in the piercing opera-tion being received in the recess provided in one of the surfaces of the nozzle body, it is thus protected from mechanical deformation in the subsequent transfer opera-tions necessary for further manufacturing cycles. ~xper-iments have shown that the burr produced in the piercing of nozzle bores which do not open into a recess in the nozzle body is subject to deformation or damage in sub-sequent manufacturing cycles, so that the small toler-ances of the bore diameter realizable with the piercing method are in part seriously aggravated. Because the burr is received in the recess provided in a surface of the nozzle body, the possibility of deformation or damage 2 ~
of the burr in the course of further manufacturing or transfer operations of the nozzle body or of the strip material on which the nozzle bores are provided is prac-tically precluded. Only by providing a recess of the type referred to in one of the surfaces of the nozzle body is it ensured that the tolerances realizable by means of the piercing operation can be held at values of about +/- 2~ also in the course of succeeding manufactur-ing operations of the nozzle.
By providing the recess with an area having a mean diameter in the range of from 1.5 to about ten times the nozzle bore diameter, preferably, however, six times the nozzle bore diameter, measured on the surface of the nozzle body, an area is made available for accommodation of the burr which is sufficient in view of the nozzle bore diameters of about 30 micrometers up to about 200 micrometers considered for the present application. Ad-vantageously, the recess in the nozzle body has a depth of from about 0.5 to about four times, preferably one to two times, the nozzle bore diameter.
Experience has revealed that at a thickness of the nozzle body of about 0.2 mm, a depth of the recess of 0.1 mm, and a mean diameter of the base of the recess of about 0.3 mm, the burr produced in piercing the nozzle bores is reliably received in the recess. By virtue of this dimensioning, it is ensured that the burr in the re-cess does not protrude out of the recess beyond the sur-face of the nozzle body, thus reliably preventing damage to the burr in succeeding manufacturing cycles. This makes it possible to mass produce, for example, a nozzle bore with a nominal diameter of 55 micrometers to a tolerance of about +/~ 1 micrometer.
2 ~
By providing the recess with an area having a mean diameter in the range of from 1.5 to about ten times the nozzle bore diameter, preferably, however, six times the nozzle bore diameter, measured on the surface of the nozzle body, an area is made available for accommodation of the burr which is sufficient in view of the nozzle bore diameters of about 30 micrometers up to about 200 micrometers considered for the present application. Ad-vantageously, the recess in the nozzle body has a depth of from about 0.5 to about four times, preferably one to two times, the nozzle bore diameter.
Experience has revealed that at a thickness of the nozzle body of about 0.2 mm, a depth of the recess of 0.1 mm, and a mean diameter of the base of the recess of about 0.3 mm, the burr produced in piercing the nozzle bores is reliably received in the recess. By virtue of this dimensioning, it is ensured that the burr in the re-cess does not protrude out of the recess beyond the sur-face of the nozzle body, thus reliably preventing damage to the burr in succeeding manufacturing cycles. This makes it possible to mass produce, for example, a nozzle bore with a nominal diameter of 55 micrometers to a tolerance of about +/~ 1 micrometer.
2 ~
Particularly advantageously, the recess is provided on the down6tream ~urface of the nozzle body. In opera-tion of a gas-powered hair-care appliance having a nozzle configured and arranged in this manner, it is thereby en-sured that during use of the appliance the nozzle bore does not gradually bec~me clogged with dirt or extraneous particles contained in the fuel. If the burr is provided on the upstream surface of the nozzle body, dirt or ex-traneous material contained ir, the fluid discharged through the nozzle may collect and deposit on the burr.
Over time, this reduces the free cross-section of the nozzle bore and may eventually block off any passage of fluid. By contrast, if the nozzle body is installed in the appliance so the burr is at the downstream side, this practically completely eliminates the risk of extraneous particles depositing on the ~urr. Advantageously, the recess may be produced in a surface of the nozzle body by a milling, stamping or spinning operation. Non-cutting methods as stamping or spinning are to be preferred, since chips produced as by milling the recess are not formed and consequently cannot enter the nozzle bore. In view of low manufacturing cost, it has proven to be highly advantageous to use a profile strip having a groove or bead for the manufacture of the nozzle bodies.
The strip is provided with a plurality of pierced nozzle bores opening into the groove or bead, that is, the re-cess. The recess for receiving the burr is thus formed by the groove or bead. In this embodiment, the groove or bead or similar structure advantageously extends in the longitudinal direction of the strip, thereby ensuring sufficient stability of the strip material also during manufacture of the nozzle bodies. By providing the nozzle bore with a diameter particularly in the range of between 50 micrometers and 60 micrometers and using a ~ f`~
_ 5 _ 05634 material with a hardness of below 200 HV 1 for the nozzle body which is preferably made of brass (HV 1 being the Vickers hardness at a load of 9.8 N~, a highly advanta-geous material selection especially suitable for piercing the nozzle bore is realized for the nozzle bore diameters under consideration. If the hardness of the material of the nozzle body exceeds the value indicated signifi-cantly, large-scale manufacture of the nozzle bore in the 100-micrometer range and smaller to the desired toler-ances i6 no longer economically realizable, applying the piercing methods of the prior art. Ease of manufacture of the recess is ensured advantageously by forming the recess so as to be in the shape of a cone or funnel. A
nozzle of this type is especially suitable for use in gas-powered appliances for personal use, including, for example, curling irons in which gas iS burnt by catalytic combustion or, alternatively, by an open flame. It should be borne in mind that the nozzle may also be uti-lized advantageously in lighters, being basically suit-able for all applications in which bore diameters in the range of 100 micrometers and smaller are to be manufac-tured to extremely small tolerances on a large scale. A
method of manufacturing a nozzle is advantageously characterized in that the strip material is provided with a recess, the nozzle bores are pierced into the strip ma-terial, the nozzle bodies are subsequently blanked from the strip material and caulked to a nozzle mounting structure. These operations are preferably performed fully automatically, allowing high economy of manufacture of nozzles to very small tolerances in the 100-micrometer range.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2 ~ J r~ ~
In the drawing, FIG. 1 is a view of a gas-powered curling iron of the prior art:
FIG. 2 is a view of a nozzle mounting structure and a nozzle body of the prior art:
FIG. 3 is a view of a nozzle body of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a view of a nozzle body having a pierced nozzle bore; and FIG. 5 is a view of a nozzle body having a pierced nozzle bore, with the burr being received in a recess.
Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawing, there is shown a hair curling iron comprising a tubular barrel lo and a handle portion 12 connected to the tubular barrel 10 and accommodating a fuel reservoir 14 filled with fuel gas. An ignition device 16 is arranged in the tubular barrel lo and serves to initiate the combustion in a combustion chamber 18. A burner assembly is held in position inside the tubular barrel 10 by supporting means 20. Centrally disposed in the combustion chamber 18 is a tube 22 through Which th~ fuel/air mixture is fed to the combustion chamber 18. The burner assembly is comprised of a catalytically active material 24 providing flameless combustion of the gas/air mixture supplied. The mixture to be burned is discharged from a nozzle of the nozzle mounting structure 30 and a mixing tube 28, in particular a Venturi tube, into the tube 22, penetrating through openings in the side wall of the tube 22 to permeate the catalytically active material 24. Following initiation of combustion by the ignition device 16, the fuel/air mixture is burned in a f lameless process, heating the 2i~ j 3~
_ 7 _ 05634 tube lo which serves as a hair treating portion for styling an~ curling the user's hair. A valve member arranged upstream from the nozzle mounting structure 30 and not shown in the drawing is acted upon by a tempera-ture sensing device not shown either, in particular a bimetallic rod, such that the amount of gas discharged from a nozzle is variable in dependence upon the tempera-ture prevailing in the tube 10. Overall, the feed of the mixture is metered such as to maintain the curling iron at a constant temperature. Further details of such a hair-waving appliance are described, for example, in EP 0 030 257 Bl and EP O 021 224 Bl the disclosure content of which is incorporated in the content of the present application by express reference.
The nozzle mounting structure 30 of the prior art is shown on an enlarged scale, as is the known nozzle body 34 of FIGS. 2 and 3. The nozzle mounting structure 30 made, for example, of brass includes a central passage 32 closed by a nozzle body 34 at its downstream end. The nozzle body 34 is conventionally configured as a disk of synthetic ruby, with a laser-drilled nozzle bore 36 in its center. The diameter of the nozzle body 34 is of the order of 1.1 mm, approximately, its thickness amounting to 0.2 mm, approximately. The diameter of the nozzle bore is 55 micrometerS, approximately, With a tolerance of about +/- 5 micrometers.
This high tolerance of about 10~ of the diameter of the conventional, laser-drilled nozzle bore 36 causes problems with regard to the dynamic flow properties of a gas-powered appliance for personal use equipped with such conventional nozzles. One problem is that the ignition quality of these catalytically operated appliances may vary materially from appliance to appliance; within the 2 i~
tolerance range of ~/- 10%, a slightly enriched air/fuel mixture which is preferred for a good ignition behavior cannot be ensured for all nozzle bores. In the steady state of the gas-heated appliance, an excessively rich mixture results in an undesired high gas consumption, shortening the operating period realizable with a single charge of gas.
In FIG. 4, a nozzle body 38 preferably made of brass includes a nozzle bore 40 produced by a piercing opera-tion. This piercing operation permits nozzle bores to be manufactured to tolerances substantially smaller than with conventional methods. The nozzle bore 40, for example, has a diameter Of 55 miCrometerS With a toler-ance of +/- 1 micrometer and smaller. For piercing, tools of a very hard material as, for example, cemented carbide or ceramics or the like, are necessary whiCh have the inverse form of the bore cross-section to be produced and are tapered at their forward ends. ~he length of the piercing tool is about one to three times the diameter of the bore, the piercing operation requiring the tool to ~e moved with precision in the direction of the center axis of the nozzle bore 40 to be pierced. The hardness of the material should not materially exceed 200 HV 1. This condition is satisfied by conventional brass strips from which the nozzle body is blanked. It is to be noted, however, that the piercing operation produces a burr 42 on the exit side, in FIG. 4 on the surface 46 of the nozzle body 38. In the area of the surface 48 of the nozzle body 38 first entered by the piercing tool, the nozzle bore extends in slightly conical or funnel-shaped fashion which is explained by crowding occurring as the tool enters the nozzle body 38.
~J~t33l~
_ 9 _ 05634 Although the nozzle bore 40 of the nozzle body 38 of FIG. 4 is manufactured to the required or desired small tolerances of less than +/- 2% of the to~al diameter, the nozzle body 38 is not as yet suitable for large-scale production and large-scale installation in a nozzle mounting structure 30 or an appliance for personal use.
This is attributable to the fact that the burr 42 pro-duced in the piercing operation is highly susceptible to deformation or damage in the course of subsequent manu-facturing cycles which are preferably executed automati-cally, causing the small tolerances of the nozzle bore 40 realizable with the piercing method to be no longer en-sured. While it is possible to eliminate or avoid this burr 42 by piercing from both sides or remove it by a machining operation, additional working operations are needed therefor, increasing the manufacturing cost of the nozzle mounting structure significantly. Removal of the burr 42 by a machining operation produces the added prob-lem that chips may enter the nozzle bore 40, resulting in difficulties with regard to the holding of the desired tolerances.
The problems concerning the burr 42 are solved by means of a nozzle body 38 according to FIG. 5. The nozzle ~ody 38 includes a rec~ss 44 into which the pierced nozzle bore 40 opens. While the burr 42 produced in tbe piercing operation is not eliminated, it is fully received in the recess 44 suitably dimensioned for this purpose. Thus, instead of protruding over one of the surfaces 46 or 48 of the nozzle body 38, the burr 42 rests protected in a reCess 44 or depression provided in at least one of the surfaces 46, 48 of the nozzle body 38. This prevents the possibility of damage or deforma-tion of the burr 42 in the course of succeeding manufac-turing cycles, without involving the need for the burr 42 ~ t~
to be removed by additional steps. The recess 44 ~ay be produced, for example, by a milling, stamping or spinning operation, with stock-crowding methods being preferable over stock-removing methods because of the absence of chips. Where the recess 44 is produced by crowding methods, attention must, however, be paid to ensure that the limit hardness of the material of the nozzle body 38 does not appreciably exceed zoo HV 1, approximately. The method of manufacturing the nozzle essentially involves the steps of providing strip material with a recess 44 according to any one of the methods initially referred to, piercing the strip material so as to obtain nozzle bores 40 opening into the recess 44, the recess thus serving to receive and protect the burr 42, blanking the nozzle bodies 38 from the strip material, and caulking them relative to the nozzle mounting structure 30. The recess 44 may also be provided on both sides of the nozzle body 38. Preferably, the nozzle body is located in position in the nozzle mounting structure 30 such that the burr 42 is on the downstream surface 46. This con-siderably reduces the risk of foreign matter carried in the fuel gas depositing on the burr 42.
In the present preferred application in which such a nozzle is employed in gas-powered hair-care appliances for personal use, the nozzle body 38 has a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a diameter of about 1.1 mm. The diame-ter of the circular recess 44 centrally disposed in the nozzle body 38 is 0.3 mm, with a depth of 0.1 mm. The diameter of the nozzle bore assumes values of from about 30 micrometers to 200 micrometers and preferably from 50 to 60 micrometerS, resulting in a heigh~ of the burr 42 of about 50 micrometers, corresponding approximately to the diameter of the nozzle bore 40. In another variation shown in FIG. 5 in broken lines, the recess 44 is of a ~ D~ 3 conical or funnel-shaped configuration. In this varia-tion, the recess has a maximum diameter of about 0.3 mm which becomes progressively reduced down to about 0.1 mm at the bottom of the recess. This configuration affords manufacturing advantages, particularly since it prevents the tools from jamming as the receSS 44 iS being manufac-tured.
It will be apparent that the nozzle described is not to be construed as limited to its application to gas-powered appliances for personal use as, for example, curling irons, hair dryers or the like, including, for example, lighters; it may also find a useful application in other areas reqUiring high-precision nozzle bores of a small diame~er in the above-mentioned range of from about 30 micrometers to about 200 micrometers.
Over time, this reduces the free cross-section of the nozzle bore and may eventually block off any passage of fluid. By contrast, if the nozzle body is installed in the appliance so the burr is at the downstream side, this practically completely eliminates the risk of extraneous particles depositing on the ~urr. Advantageously, the recess may be produced in a surface of the nozzle body by a milling, stamping or spinning operation. Non-cutting methods as stamping or spinning are to be preferred, since chips produced as by milling the recess are not formed and consequently cannot enter the nozzle bore. In view of low manufacturing cost, it has proven to be highly advantageous to use a profile strip having a groove or bead for the manufacture of the nozzle bodies.
The strip is provided with a plurality of pierced nozzle bores opening into the groove or bead, that is, the re-cess. The recess for receiving the burr is thus formed by the groove or bead. In this embodiment, the groove or bead or similar structure advantageously extends in the longitudinal direction of the strip, thereby ensuring sufficient stability of the strip material also during manufacture of the nozzle bodies. By providing the nozzle bore with a diameter particularly in the range of between 50 micrometers and 60 micrometers and using a ~ f`~
_ 5 _ 05634 material with a hardness of below 200 HV 1 for the nozzle body which is preferably made of brass (HV 1 being the Vickers hardness at a load of 9.8 N~, a highly advanta-geous material selection especially suitable for piercing the nozzle bore is realized for the nozzle bore diameters under consideration. If the hardness of the material of the nozzle body exceeds the value indicated signifi-cantly, large-scale manufacture of the nozzle bore in the 100-micrometer range and smaller to the desired toler-ances i6 no longer economically realizable, applying the piercing methods of the prior art. Ease of manufacture of the recess is ensured advantageously by forming the recess so as to be in the shape of a cone or funnel. A
nozzle of this type is especially suitable for use in gas-powered appliances for personal use, including, for example, curling irons in which gas iS burnt by catalytic combustion or, alternatively, by an open flame. It should be borne in mind that the nozzle may also be uti-lized advantageously in lighters, being basically suit-able for all applications in which bore diameters in the range of 100 micrometers and smaller are to be manufac-tured to extremely small tolerances on a large scale. A
method of manufacturing a nozzle is advantageously characterized in that the strip material is provided with a recess, the nozzle bores are pierced into the strip ma-terial, the nozzle bodies are subsequently blanked from the strip material and caulked to a nozzle mounting structure. These operations are preferably performed fully automatically, allowing high economy of manufacture of nozzles to very small tolerances in the 100-micrometer range.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2 ~ J r~ ~
In the drawing, FIG. 1 is a view of a gas-powered curling iron of the prior art:
FIG. 2 is a view of a nozzle mounting structure and a nozzle body of the prior art:
FIG. 3 is a view of a nozzle body of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a view of a nozzle body having a pierced nozzle bore; and FIG. 5 is a view of a nozzle body having a pierced nozzle bore, with the burr being received in a recess.
Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawing, there is shown a hair curling iron comprising a tubular barrel lo and a handle portion 12 connected to the tubular barrel 10 and accommodating a fuel reservoir 14 filled with fuel gas. An ignition device 16 is arranged in the tubular barrel lo and serves to initiate the combustion in a combustion chamber 18. A burner assembly is held in position inside the tubular barrel 10 by supporting means 20. Centrally disposed in the combustion chamber 18 is a tube 22 through Which th~ fuel/air mixture is fed to the combustion chamber 18. The burner assembly is comprised of a catalytically active material 24 providing flameless combustion of the gas/air mixture supplied. The mixture to be burned is discharged from a nozzle of the nozzle mounting structure 30 and a mixing tube 28, in particular a Venturi tube, into the tube 22, penetrating through openings in the side wall of the tube 22 to permeate the catalytically active material 24. Following initiation of combustion by the ignition device 16, the fuel/air mixture is burned in a f lameless process, heating the 2i~ j 3~
_ 7 _ 05634 tube lo which serves as a hair treating portion for styling an~ curling the user's hair. A valve member arranged upstream from the nozzle mounting structure 30 and not shown in the drawing is acted upon by a tempera-ture sensing device not shown either, in particular a bimetallic rod, such that the amount of gas discharged from a nozzle is variable in dependence upon the tempera-ture prevailing in the tube 10. Overall, the feed of the mixture is metered such as to maintain the curling iron at a constant temperature. Further details of such a hair-waving appliance are described, for example, in EP 0 030 257 Bl and EP O 021 224 Bl the disclosure content of which is incorporated in the content of the present application by express reference.
The nozzle mounting structure 30 of the prior art is shown on an enlarged scale, as is the known nozzle body 34 of FIGS. 2 and 3. The nozzle mounting structure 30 made, for example, of brass includes a central passage 32 closed by a nozzle body 34 at its downstream end. The nozzle body 34 is conventionally configured as a disk of synthetic ruby, with a laser-drilled nozzle bore 36 in its center. The diameter of the nozzle body 34 is of the order of 1.1 mm, approximately, its thickness amounting to 0.2 mm, approximately. The diameter of the nozzle bore is 55 micrometerS, approximately, With a tolerance of about +/- 5 micrometers.
This high tolerance of about 10~ of the diameter of the conventional, laser-drilled nozzle bore 36 causes problems with regard to the dynamic flow properties of a gas-powered appliance for personal use equipped with such conventional nozzles. One problem is that the ignition quality of these catalytically operated appliances may vary materially from appliance to appliance; within the 2 i~
tolerance range of ~/- 10%, a slightly enriched air/fuel mixture which is preferred for a good ignition behavior cannot be ensured for all nozzle bores. In the steady state of the gas-heated appliance, an excessively rich mixture results in an undesired high gas consumption, shortening the operating period realizable with a single charge of gas.
In FIG. 4, a nozzle body 38 preferably made of brass includes a nozzle bore 40 produced by a piercing opera-tion. This piercing operation permits nozzle bores to be manufactured to tolerances substantially smaller than with conventional methods. The nozzle bore 40, for example, has a diameter Of 55 miCrometerS With a toler-ance of +/- 1 micrometer and smaller. For piercing, tools of a very hard material as, for example, cemented carbide or ceramics or the like, are necessary whiCh have the inverse form of the bore cross-section to be produced and are tapered at their forward ends. ~he length of the piercing tool is about one to three times the diameter of the bore, the piercing operation requiring the tool to ~e moved with precision in the direction of the center axis of the nozzle bore 40 to be pierced. The hardness of the material should not materially exceed 200 HV 1. This condition is satisfied by conventional brass strips from which the nozzle body is blanked. It is to be noted, however, that the piercing operation produces a burr 42 on the exit side, in FIG. 4 on the surface 46 of the nozzle body 38. In the area of the surface 48 of the nozzle body 38 first entered by the piercing tool, the nozzle bore extends in slightly conical or funnel-shaped fashion which is explained by crowding occurring as the tool enters the nozzle body 38.
~J~t33l~
_ 9 _ 05634 Although the nozzle bore 40 of the nozzle body 38 of FIG. 4 is manufactured to the required or desired small tolerances of less than +/- 2% of the to~al diameter, the nozzle body 38 is not as yet suitable for large-scale production and large-scale installation in a nozzle mounting structure 30 or an appliance for personal use.
This is attributable to the fact that the burr 42 pro-duced in the piercing operation is highly susceptible to deformation or damage in the course of subsequent manu-facturing cycles which are preferably executed automati-cally, causing the small tolerances of the nozzle bore 40 realizable with the piercing method to be no longer en-sured. While it is possible to eliminate or avoid this burr 42 by piercing from both sides or remove it by a machining operation, additional working operations are needed therefor, increasing the manufacturing cost of the nozzle mounting structure significantly. Removal of the burr 42 by a machining operation produces the added prob-lem that chips may enter the nozzle bore 40, resulting in difficulties with regard to the holding of the desired tolerances.
The problems concerning the burr 42 are solved by means of a nozzle body 38 according to FIG. 5. The nozzle ~ody 38 includes a rec~ss 44 into which the pierced nozzle bore 40 opens. While the burr 42 produced in tbe piercing operation is not eliminated, it is fully received in the recess 44 suitably dimensioned for this purpose. Thus, instead of protruding over one of the surfaces 46 or 48 of the nozzle body 38, the burr 42 rests protected in a reCess 44 or depression provided in at least one of the surfaces 46, 48 of the nozzle body 38. This prevents the possibility of damage or deforma-tion of the burr 42 in the course of succeeding manufac-turing cycles, without involving the need for the burr 42 ~ t~
to be removed by additional steps. The recess 44 ~ay be produced, for example, by a milling, stamping or spinning operation, with stock-crowding methods being preferable over stock-removing methods because of the absence of chips. Where the recess 44 is produced by crowding methods, attention must, however, be paid to ensure that the limit hardness of the material of the nozzle body 38 does not appreciably exceed zoo HV 1, approximately. The method of manufacturing the nozzle essentially involves the steps of providing strip material with a recess 44 according to any one of the methods initially referred to, piercing the strip material so as to obtain nozzle bores 40 opening into the recess 44, the recess thus serving to receive and protect the burr 42, blanking the nozzle bodies 38 from the strip material, and caulking them relative to the nozzle mounting structure 30. The recess 44 may also be provided on both sides of the nozzle body 38. Preferably, the nozzle body is located in position in the nozzle mounting structure 30 such that the burr 42 is on the downstream surface 46. This con-siderably reduces the risk of foreign matter carried in the fuel gas depositing on the burr 42.
In the present preferred application in which such a nozzle is employed in gas-powered hair-care appliances for personal use, the nozzle body 38 has a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a diameter of about 1.1 mm. The diame-ter of the circular recess 44 centrally disposed in the nozzle body 38 is 0.3 mm, with a depth of 0.1 mm. The diameter of the nozzle bore assumes values of from about 30 micrometers to 200 micrometers and preferably from 50 to 60 micrometerS, resulting in a heigh~ of the burr 42 of about 50 micrometers, corresponding approximately to the diameter of the nozzle bore 40. In another variation shown in FIG. 5 in broken lines, the recess 44 is of a ~ D~ 3 conical or funnel-shaped configuration. In this varia-tion, the recess has a maximum diameter of about 0.3 mm which becomes progressively reduced down to about 0.1 mm at the bottom of the recess. This configuration affords manufacturing advantages, particularly since it prevents the tools from jamming as the receSS 44 iS being manufac-tured.
It will be apparent that the nozzle described is not to be construed as limited to its application to gas-powered appliances for personal use as, for example, curling irons, hair dryers or the like, including, for example, lighters; it may also find a useful application in other areas reqUiring high-precision nozzle bores of a small diame~er in the above-mentioned range of from about 30 micrometers to about 200 micrometers.
Claims (11)
1. A nozzle adapted to deliver a fluid, in partic-ular for use in gas-powered appliances for personal use, such as curling irons, hair dryers, hot plates or the like, with a nozzle body (38) having an upstream and a downstream surface ( 48, 46 ) and having extending therethrough a nozzle bore ( 40 ), characterized in that a recess (44) is provided in at least one of said surfaces (46, 48) of said nozzle body (38), and that said nozzle bore (40) opens into said recess (44).
2. The nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said recess (44) is provided with an area having a mean diameter in the range of from about 1.5 to about ten times the nozzle bore diameter, preferably about six times the nozzle bore diameter.
3. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said recess (44) has a depth of from about 0.5 to about four times, preferably one to two times, the nozzle bore diameter.
4. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said recess (44) is provided on the downstream surface (46) of said nozzle body (38).
5. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said recess ( 44 ) is produced in a surface (46, 48) of said nozzle body (38) by a milling, stamping or spinning operation.
6. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said nozzle body (38) is part of a profile strip having a groove or bead.
7. The nozzle as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that said groove or bead extends in the longitudinal direction of said strip.
8. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said nozzle bore (40) has a diameter in the range of between 30 micrometers and 200 micrometers, approximately, in particular between 50 micrometers and 60 micrometers, approximately, and that the hardness of the material of said nozzle body ( 38) is below 200 HV 1, approximately, said nozzle body (38) being preferably made of brass.
9. The nozzle as claimed in any one of the preced-ing claims, characterized in that said recess (44) is shaped in the manner of a cone or funnel.
10. A gas-powered appliance for personal use, as a curling iron, hair dryer and hot plate, characterized by a nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims.
11. A method of manufacturing a nozzle, in particu-lar in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes the following steps:
Providing the strip material with a recess (44), piercing nozzle bores (40) opening into said recess (44) into said strip material, blanking the nozzle bodies (38) from said strip material, and fixedly connecting them, in particu-lar by caulking, to a nozzle mounting structure (30).
Providing the strip material with a recess (44), piercing nozzle bores (40) opening into said recess (44) into said strip material, blanking the nozzle bodies (38) from said strip material, and fixedly connecting them, in particu-lar by caulking, to a nozzle mounting structure (30).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4115504A DE4115504A1 (en) | 1991-05-11 | 1991-05-11 | NOZZLE, ESPECIALLY FOR A GAS-OPERATED DEVICE OF PERSONAL NEED |
| DEP4115504.1-23 | 1991-05-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2066958A1 true CA2066958A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
Family
ID=6431523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002066958A Abandoned CA2066958A1 (en) | 1991-05-11 | 1992-04-23 | Nozzle, in particular for a gas-powered appliance for personal use |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2066958A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4115504A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2255730B (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3325064A (en) * | 1966-06-13 | 1967-06-13 | Builder S Sheet Metal Works In | Aerosol actuator hold down device |
| DE2226444A1 (en) * | 1972-05-31 | 1973-12-06 | Heinz Born | COOL AND HEAT PAD |
| DE2248065C3 (en) * | 1972-09-30 | 1978-03-02 | Kupex Ag, Glarus (Schweiz) | Irrigation device and process for their manufacture |
| CA1155165A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1983-10-11 | Stig-Goran Larsson | Nozzles for pressure pulse drop ejectors |
| DE3072003D1 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1987-09-17 | Gillette Co | Hair treating device with a catalytic heating system in the curling zone |
| DE3123054A1 (en) * | 1981-06-11 | 1983-01-05 | Johannes 4505 Bad Iburg Ossege | Gun for inert-gas shielded welding |
| DE3811689C1 (en) * | 1988-04-07 | 1989-06-01 | Nattermann & Cie, 5000 Koeln, De |
-
1991
- 1991-05-11 DE DE4115504A patent/DE4115504A1/en active Granted
-
1992
- 1992-04-23 CA CA002066958A patent/CA2066958A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-29 GB GB9209239A patent/GB2255730B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9209239D0 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| GB2255730B (en) | 1995-02-08 |
| DE4115504C2 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
| DE4115504A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
| GB2255730A (en) | 1992-11-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |