CA2063950A1 - Combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season - Google Patents
Combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter seasonInfo
- Publication number
- CA2063950A1 CA2063950A1 CA002063950A CA2063950A CA2063950A1 CA 2063950 A1 CA2063950 A1 CA 2063950A1 CA 002063950 A CA002063950 A CA 002063950A CA 2063950 A CA2063950 A CA 2063950A CA 2063950 A1 CA2063950 A1 CA 2063950A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- combination
- heavy duty
- pneumatic radial
- duty pneumatic
- tire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000018361 Contactin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060003955 Contactin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/11—Tread patterns in which the raised area of the pattern consists only of isolated elements, e.g. blocks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
A COMBINATION OF HEAVY DUTY PNEUMATIC
RADIAL TIRES FOR USE IN WINTER SEASON
Abstract of the Disclosure A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season is a tire to be mounted on a non driven steering shaft of a vehicle and a tire to be mounted on a driving shaft thereof, in which a negative ratio of the former tire is made smaller than a negative ratio of the latter tire.
RADIAL TIRES FOR USE IN WINTER SEASON
Abstract of the Disclosure A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season is a tire to be mounted on a non driven steering shaft of a vehicle and a tire to be mounted on a driving shaft thereof, in which a negative ratio of the former tire is made smaller than a negative ratio of the latter tire.
Description
2~639~
` 3-84,582 A COMBINATION OF ~EAVY DUTY PNEUMATIC
RADIAL TIRES FOR USE IN WINTER SEASON
This invention relates to a combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season, and more particularly to a radial tire combination effectively improving performances on ice while 05 sufficiently maintaining high performances on snow.
For example, when a vehicle~under a heavy duty is provided with a non-driven steering shaft and one or two driving shafts and two tires are mounted on the non-driven steering shaft and four tires are mounted on each 10 of the driving shafts, it has been attempted to improve performances on snow and ice road surfaces in winter season by rendering all tires into studless tires having a wider ground contactin~ width as far as possible. In this case, the tire mounted on the non driven steering ; 15 shaft and the tire mounted on the driving shaft are ;~ equal to each other ln the ground contacting width and negative ratio.
In order to bring about the improvement of performances on ice road by such a conventional 20~technique, however, it is necessary to control the occurrence of water film on the the surface of ice road by decreasing the contact pressure of the tire against~
road surface.~ For this purpose, it is obliged to 2~639~
increase the actual ground contacting area of the tire by decreasing the negative ratio of the tread portion under a constant ground contacting width of the tire.
Therefore r there is caused a problem that the amount of o~ blocks in the tread portion bitten into snow is lacking and hence the traction performance on snow rather lowers.
In this conventional technique, therefore, the improvement of the performances on ice are naturally restricted when the ground contacting width and negative ratio are equal in the tire mounted on the non-driven steering sha~t and the tire mounted on the driving shaft.
It is an object of the invention to advantage-ously solve the above problems of the conventional techni~ue and to provide a combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season which can effectively improve performances on ice while ~: sufficiently maintainin~ high performances on snow by differing the negative ratlo of the tire mounted on the non-driven steering shaft and the negative ratio of the tire mounted on the driving shaft so that the former : : negative ratio tends to be made smaller than that of the ~conventional similar tire and ~the latter negative ratio P6 tends to be made larger than that of the conventional similar tire.
` 3-84,582 A COMBINATION OF ~EAVY DUTY PNEUMATIC
RADIAL TIRES FOR USE IN WINTER SEASON
This invention relates to a combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season, and more particularly to a radial tire combination effectively improving performances on ice while 05 sufficiently maintaining high performances on snow.
For example, when a vehicle~under a heavy duty is provided with a non-driven steering shaft and one or two driving shafts and two tires are mounted on the non-driven steering shaft and four tires are mounted on each 10 of the driving shafts, it has been attempted to improve performances on snow and ice road surfaces in winter season by rendering all tires into studless tires having a wider ground contactin~ width as far as possible. In this case, the tire mounted on the non driven steering ; 15 shaft and the tire mounted on the driving shaft are ;~ equal to each other ln the ground contacting width and negative ratio.
In order to bring about the improvement of performances on ice road by such a conventional 20~technique, however, it is necessary to control the occurrence of water film on the the surface of ice road by decreasing the contact pressure of the tire against~
road surface.~ For this purpose, it is obliged to 2~639~
increase the actual ground contacting area of the tire by decreasing the negative ratio of the tread portion under a constant ground contacting width of the tire.
Therefore r there is caused a problem that the amount of o~ blocks in the tread portion bitten into snow is lacking and hence the traction performance on snow rather lowers.
In this conventional technique, therefore, the improvement of the performances on ice are naturally restricted when the ground contacting width and negative ratio are equal in the tire mounted on the non-driven steering sha~t and the tire mounted on the driving shaft.
It is an object of the invention to advantage-ously solve the above problems of the conventional techni~ue and to provide a combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season which can effectively improve performances on ice while ~: sufficiently maintainin~ high performances on snow by differing the negative ratlo of the tire mounted on the non-driven steering shaft and the negative ratio of the tire mounted on the driving shaft so that the former : : negative ratio tends to be made smaller than that of the ~conventional similar tire and ~the latter negative ratio P6 tends to be made larger than that of the conventional similar tire.
: ' `' ~ ' ' 2~39~0 In the combination of tires according to the invention, the negative ratio NF of the tire to be mounted on the non-driven steering shaft of the vehicle is smaller than the negative ratio ND of the tire to be o~ mounted on the driving shaft, and also the negative ratio ND is within a range of 0. 32~ND~ O . 38 and the latter negative ratio NF is within a range of 0.18~NF~(0.88-0-18ND)-According to such a combination, at least one sipe is formed in each block of the respective blockrow, whereby the improved performances on ice can be developed based on the digging of sipe edges as well as block edges into ice.
When the negative ratio ND is less than 0.32, 1~ the expected performances on snow can not be developed, while when it exceeds 0. 38, the performances on snow becomes saturated and also the performances on ice and wear resistance are largely deteriorated.
On the other hand, when the negative ratio NF is less than 0.18, the performances on snow and the drainage property on wet road are largely deteriorated, while when it exceeds ~0.88-1. 8ND), the sufficient ground contacting area required for ensuring the performances on ice can not be obtained.
Thus, according to the invention, the performances on ice can effectively be improved while -.:.~.. ~ .... .. .. .. ..
2~ J~0 sufficiently maintaining the high performances on snow.
The invention can be applied to a vehicle successively provided from forward side with one non-driven steering shaft, one driving shaft and one non-o~ driven shaft in addition to the vehicle provided withone non-driven steering shaft and one or two driving shafts. In the former vehicle, the negative ratio may properly be selected in two or four tires mounted on the last non-driven shaft irrespectively of the invention.
The lnvention will be described with reference ; to the accompanying drawing, wherein;
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatically plan view of a tread pattern used in the tire according to the invention.
1~ The tread pattern shown in Fig. 1 is common in the tire mounted on the non~driven steering shaft and :
the tire mounted on the driving shaft.
The tire having~a ground contactlng width TW
~; ~ comprises a center block row 1, a pair of shoulder block rows 2 and two pairs of block rows 3, 4 located between the center block row and the shoulder block row at its tread portion. Each of blocks la, 3a, 4a ln the respec-tive block rows 1, 3, 4 other than the shoulder block ::
row 2 is provided with a sipe S, 6, 7 substantially extending in the widthwise direction of the tread portion, while each of the blocks 2a in the shoulder ,, `
,' ~
block row 2 is provided with two sipes 8 substantially extending in the widthwise direction of the tread portion.
In the illustrated tlre having such a tread o~ pattern, the tire maximum width SW is 271 mm and the ground contacting width of the tread portion TW is 224 mm irrespectively of the non-driven steering shaft and the driving shaft.
Moreover, the negative ratio NF of the tire to 1~ be mounted on the non-driven steering shaft is 0.3 and the negative ratio N~ of the tire to be mounted on the driving shaft is 0.32. That is, the above value of the negative ratio ND is a lower limit within the range defined in the invention, while the value of the 1~ negative ratio NF is an approximately upper limit within the range defined in the invention.
According to the combination of the tires having the above structure, the performances on ice can effectively be improved while sufficiently maintaining high performances on snow.
A comparative test on the performances on ice and performances on snow will be described with respect to the tire combinations according to the invention, conventional tire combinations and comparative tire combination below.
In this test, two tires having a tire size of 9 ~ ~
10.00 R20 and a ground contacting width of 224 mm were mounted on a non-driven steering shaft of a heavy duty vehicle, and four tires having the same size and width as described above were mounted on a driving shaft of 0~ the vehicle, and thereafter the vehicle was actually run on snow and ice roads. The performances on ice were evaluated by braking the vehicle from an initial speed of 20 km/hr on ice road to measure a braking distance (i.e. distance from the braking start to complete stop) and indicating a reciprocal number of the measured distance as an index value. Moreover, the test was conducted 5 times ever~ the tire to be tested, and an average of the measured values was the braking distance.
The measuring conditions were an ice temperature of 1~ -3C, an atmospheric temperature of -5C and a weather of cloud.
On the other hand, the performances on snow were evaluated by measuring a climbing limit angle on snow road slope.
2~ The test results of each tire combination are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the larger the index value, the better the result.
: ::
.
E~ a~ r~ ~ O
u'', ~ o _ r O
~ 3~
As seen from Table 1, the performances on snow and the performances Oll ice can simultaneously be established in a sufficiently high level in the tire combinations according to the invention.
o~ As mentioned above~ according to the invention, the negative ratios NF and ND of the tires mounted on the non~driven steering shaft and the driving shaft are specified to certain values, whereby the performances on ice can effectively be improved while sufficiently 1~ maintaining the performances on snow.
1~
: : :
:
:
2~ :
When the negative ratio ND is less than 0.32, 1~ the expected performances on snow can not be developed, while when it exceeds 0. 38, the performances on snow becomes saturated and also the performances on ice and wear resistance are largely deteriorated.
On the other hand, when the negative ratio NF is less than 0.18, the performances on snow and the drainage property on wet road are largely deteriorated, while when it exceeds ~0.88-1. 8ND), the sufficient ground contacting area required for ensuring the performances on ice can not be obtained.
Thus, according to the invention, the performances on ice can effectively be improved while -.:.~.. ~ .... .. .. .. ..
2~ J~0 sufficiently maintaining the high performances on snow.
The invention can be applied to a vehicle successively provided from forward side with one non-driven steering shaft, one driving shaft and one non-o~ driven shaft in addition to the vehicle provided withone non-driven steering shaft and one or two driving shafts. In the former vehicle, the negative ratio may properly be selected in two or four tires mounted on the last non-driven shaft irrespectively of the invention.
The lnvention will be described with reference ; to the accompanying drawing, wherein;
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatically plan view of a tread pattern used in the tire according to the invention.
1~ The tread pattern shown in Fig. 1 is common in the tire mounted on the non~driven steering shaft and :
the tire mounted on the driving shaft.
The tire having~a ground contactlng width TW
~; ~ comprises a center block row 1, a pair of shoulder block rows 2 and two pairs of block rows 3, 4 located between the center block row and the shoulder block row at its tread portion. Each of blocks la, 3a, 4a ln the respec-tive block rows 1, 3, 4 other than the shoulder block ::
row 2 is provided with a sipe S, 6, 7 substantially extending in the widthwise direction of the tread portion, while each of the blocks 2a in the shoulder ,, `
,' ~
block row 2 is provided with two sipes 8 substantially extending in the widthwise direction of the tread portion.
In the illustrated tlre having such a tread o~ pattern, the tire maximum width SW is 271 mm and the ground contacting width of the tread portion TW is 224 mm irrespectively of the non-driven steering shaft and the driving shaft.
Moreover, the negative ratio NF of the tire to 1~ be mounted on the non-driven steering shaft is 0.3 and the negative ratio N~ of the tire to be mounted on the driving shaft is 0.32. That is, the above value of the negative ratio ND is a lower limit within the range defined in the invention, while the value of the 1~ negative ratio NF is an approximately upper limit within the range defined in the invention.
According to the combination of the tires having the above structure, the performances on ice can effectively be improved while sufficiently maintaining high performances on snow.
A comparative test on the performances on ice and performances on snow will be described with respect to the tire combinations according to the invention, conventional tire combinations and comparative tire combination below.
In this test, two tires having a tire size of 9 ~ ~
10.00 R20 and a ground contacting width of 224 mm were mounted on a non-driven steering shaft of a heavy duty vehicle, and four tires having the same size and width as described above were mounted on a driving shaft of 0~ the vehicle, and thereafter the vehicle was actually run on snow and ice roads. The performances on ice were evaluated by braking the vehicle from an initial speed of 20 km/hr on ice road to measure a braking distance (i.e. distance from the braking start to complete stop) and indicating a reciprocal number of the measured distance as an index value. Moreover, the test was conducted 5 times ever~ the tire to be tested, and an average of the measured values was the braking distance.
The measuring conditions were an ice temperature of 1~ -3C, an atmospheric temperature of -5C and a weather of cloud.
On the other hand, the performances on snow were evaluated by measuring a climbing limit angle on snow road slope.
2~ The test results of each tire combination are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the larger the index value, the better the result.
: ::
.
E~ a~ r~ ~ O
u'', ~ o _ r O
~ 3~
As seen from Table 1, the performances on snow and the performances Oll ice can simultaneously be established in a sufficiently high level in the tire combinations according to the invention.
o~ As mentioned above~ according to the invention, the negative ratios NF and ND of the tires mounted on the non~driven steering shaft and the driving shaft are specified to certain values, whereby the performances on ice can effectively be improved while sufficiently 1~ maintaining the performances on snow.
1~
: : :
:
:
2~ :
Claims (7)
1. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season to be mounted on a non-driven steering shaft and a driving shaft of a vehicle, each tire comprising plural block rows located on a surface of a tread portion and separated from each other in a widthwise direction of the tread, in which each block constituting each block row is provided with at least one sipe, characterized in that a negative ratio NF of the tire mounted on the non-driven steering shaft is made smaller than a negative ratio ND of the tire mounted on the driving shaft, and the negative ratio ND
is within a range of 0.32?ND?0.38 and the negative ratio NF is within a range of 0.18?NF?(0.88-1.8ND).
is within a range of 0.32?ND?0.38 and the negative ratio NF is within a range of 0.18?NF?(0.88-1.8ND).
2. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tire according to claim 1, wherein said sipe formed in said block extends substantially in the widthwise direction of the tread.
3. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires according to claim 1, wherein said blocks in one of said block rows are arranged at a given shifting amount with respect to blocks in another adjoining block row in the circumferential direction.
4. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires according to claim 1, wherein each block constituting a block row located at an outermost side of the tread is provided with two sipes extending substantially in the widthwise direction.
5. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires according to claim 1, wherein each of said tires comprises at least five block rows.
6. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires according to claim 1, wherein said plural block rows are defined by plural circumferential main grooves each extending zigzag in the circumferential direction and plural circumferential narrow grooves having width narrower than that of the circumferential main groove and extending zigzag in the circumferential direction.
7. A combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires according to claim 6, wherein a pair of said circumferential narrow grooves are arranged between a pair of said circumferential main grooves in a central portion of the tread and a pair of said circumferential narrow grooves are arranged outside said pair of the circumferential main grooves toward the tread ends.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3-84,582 | 1991-03-26 | ||
| JP3084582A JPH04297307A (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1991-03-26 | Combinated structure of heavy duty radial tire for use in winter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2063950A1 true CA2063950A1 (en) | 1992-09-27 |
Family
ID=13834674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002063950A Abandoned CA2063950A1 (en) | 1991-03-26 | 1992-03-25 | Combination of heavy duty pneumatic radial tires for use in winter season |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04297307A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2063950A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI921277A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO921116L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE9200925L (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10195907B2 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2019-02-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Heavy-duty tire |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3391538B2 (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 2003-03-31 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | studless tire |
| EP0913274B2 (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 2007-03-28 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire and pneumatic tire set |
| JP4634626B2 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2011-02-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Front and rear wheel pneumatic tire unit, mounting method of front and rear wheel pneumatic tire unit, and vehicle equipped with front and rear wheel pneumatic tire unit |
-
1991
- 1991-03-26 JP JP3084582A patent/JPH04297307A/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-03-20 NO NO92921116A patent/NO921116L/en unknown
- 1992-03-25 CA CA002063950A patent/CA2063950A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-25 SE SE9200925A patent/SE9200925L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-25 FI FI921277A patent/FI921277A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10195907B2 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2019-02-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Heavy-duty tire |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9200925L (en) | 1992-09-27 |
| NO921116D0 (en) | 1992-03-20 |
| JPH04297307A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| SE9200925D0 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| FI921277A (en) | 1992-09-27 |
| FI921277A0 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| NO921116L (en) | 1992-09-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |