CA2053394A1 - Radiation emitting heating elements and structure - Google Patents
Radiation emitting heating elements and structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA2053394A1 CA2053394A1 CA 2053394 CA2053394A CA2053394A1 CA 2053394 A1 CA2053394 A1 CA 2053394A1 CA 2053394 CA2053394 CA 2053394 CA 2053394 A CA2053394 A CA 2053394A CA 2053394 A1 CA2053394 A1 CA 2053394A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- lamp
- lamps
- washers
- high intensity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1836—Heating and cooling the reactor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A particular arrangement is disclosed for sealing of a tube or lamp which extends through the wall of a fluidized bed or through a furnace wall. The seal arrangement includes a series of compressible ceramic washers which are compressed against the tube or lamp and are also compressed against the area about a port through which the lamp or tube extends. A particular radiation lamp is also taught which has extended non-radiating end portions which accommodate more convenient sealing at either end of the lamp and separation of the end seals from the radiating portion of the lamp.
A particular arrangement is disclosed for sealing of a tube or lamp which extends through the wall of a fluidized bed or through a furnace wall. The seal arrangement includes a series of compressible ceramic washers which are compressed against the tube or lamp and are also compressed against the area about a port through which the lamp or tube extends. A particular radiation lamp is also taught which has extended non-radiating end portions which accommodate more convenient sealing at either end of the lamp and separation of the end seals from the radiating portion of the lamp.
Description
TITLE: IMPROVED RADIATION EMITTING HEATING
ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to heat treating structures and methods which utilize high intensity radiation for heating of the same.
BACK~ROU~D OF THE INVENTION
There are a host of fluidized beds used for heat treating of components or for other treating of products by exposing the products to heat, and examples of such structures and processes are found in the following patents: United Kingdom Patent 1,293,187; Bauer et al., United States Patent 4,491,277; Godderidge, United States Patent 4,700,766; Canadian Patent 868,257; Devé, United States Patent 3,685,165; Bailey, United States Patent 4,738,615, Vogel, Canadian Patent 1,193,067; European Patent 0 122 029; Euro~ean Application 0 025 818; and, United States Patent 4,780,966.
An example of a fluidized bed heated by infrared radiation is disclosed in United States Patent 4,752,061.
~ A further example of heating using infrared technology can t be found in Wynne, United States Patent 3,404,874 which 25 discloses the concept of enclosing infrared radiation lamps within a quartz tube for use in a vacuum furnace as well as Steixner, United States Patent 4,800,252 which discloses the placlng of a quartz lamp within a closed quartz tube.
There have been a number of proposals for a heat ~ 30 treating arrangement where the energy is transmitted by i radlation to the particles, as exemplified above, however s~ the problem of providing a structure and system for satisfactorily mounting lamps across a heating zone and sealing of the lamps exterior to the heating zone have not ; 35 been satisfactorily addressed.
, ~
20~3394 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved fluidized bed and an arrangement for satisfactorily sealing a tube type member mounted across the bed. The invention also relates to an infrared high intensity radiation lamp having particular application for fluidized beds and other heating structures where the lamp extends across the bed and is exposed either side of the bed.
The infrared high intensity radiation lamp, according to the present invention comprises an infrared radiation emitting element contained within a quartz tube of a length substantially longer than the radiation emitting element. End seals are found at either end of the quartz tube, having associated therewith electrical connectors for connection to an external power supply and a non-radiation emitting electrical wire joining within the quartz tube the electrical connectors at said end seal and the infrared radiation emitting element whereby the spacing between each end seal and the radiation emitting element is at least two inches.
A seal for sealing between a tube passing through a wall of a heating zone, according to the present invention, comprises a series of at least two ceramic washers which are compressible and have a central port forming a seal with the tube. A washer housing engages the washers and compresses the same by exerting a compressive force on the washers, which force is opposed by the resistance of the wall of the heating zone through which the tube extends.
The washer housing has a central port through which the tube extends in a non-binding manner. In this way, the compressive force provides a seal between the tube and the wall through which the tube extends and leakage does not occur along the tube due to the seal formed between the washer and the tube which is also enhanced due to the compressive force.
The present invention is also related to improvements in a fluid bed having opposed flat walls 20~3394 through which heating elements extend for heating of the bed. The flat walls each have a common large port through which the lamps extend with the lamps being supported either side of the retort by a plate mount which closes one of the large ports. The lamps extend through the plate mounts and are releasably mounted thereto in a manner to accommodate relative movement of the lamps and mounting plates that can occur during heating of the fluid bed. In this way, distortion of the retort is not directly transmitted to the lamps whereby the possibility of damaging the lamps is reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE D~a~INGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a cross section of the fluid bed;
Figure 2 is a cross section of the unit at 90 to the cross section of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a partial perspective view showing cooling of the lamp end seals;
Figure 4 is a vertical section showing infrared radiation lamps supported either side of the fluid bed;
Figure 5 is a cross sectional view showing the sealing of a quartz tube extending across a heating zone - 25 and having an infrared radiation lamp centrally disposed therein;
Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the sealing of a quartz lamp passing through a heat zone;
Figure 7 is a partial perspective view showing details of the sealing arrangement;
Figure 8 is an end view of the sealing arrangement for an infrared radiation emitting lamp; and Figure 9 is a cross sectional view of the sealing arrangement for an infrared radiation lamp.
20~3394 p~AI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The fluid bed 2 shown in Figure 1 has a stainless steel retort 4 with fluidized particles 6 maintained within the retort 4. Stainless steel is the preferred material, but any other material that can operate satisfactorily at the operating temperatures can be used. A buried heating source 8, in this case a series of high intensity infrared radiation lamps 10, extend across the retort with the ends of the lamps exterior to the retort. Below the buried heating source 8 are fluidizing tubes 12 and sparge tubes 14. The purpose of the sparge tubes is to introduce a fluidizing gas below the fluidizing tubes which serves to break up any jetting effect that may occur at the fluidizing tubes. Approximately 90% of the fluidizing gas is introduced through the fluidizing tubes 12 with only 10%
through the sparge tubes. The sparge tubes introduce limited turbulence which reduces jetting at the fluidizing tubes.
' A power supply 16 is connected to the power j 20 distribution arrangement 18 which in turn is connected to the electrical connectors of the infrared radiation lamps at the ends thereof. The portion of the lamp at the junction with the electrical connector is referred to as the end seal. The end seals have a restricted temperature operating range.
A thermocouple 20 is positioned above the buried heating source and monitors the average temperature of the fluid bed. The stainless steel retort is closed on the upper 8urface by insulated members 26 which are hinged at the side of the structure to allow wide access to the 8tainless steel retort 4. Insulation is also provided about the retort to minimize heat loss from the structure.
The thermal efficiency of the bed is directly effected by heat loss and therefore insulation is provided where practical.
The stationary insulation material is generally ~hown as 28 in Figure 2. To either side of the stainless 20~3394 steel retort 4 is a slump zone 22 which is connected to a drain chute 24. These slump zones can be used for removing particles from the fluid bed retained within the stainless steel retort. A blower 40 is shown to one side of the retort and is used to cool the ends of the high intensity infrared radiation lamps on that side of the bed with a similar arrangement on the opposite side of the bed.
The power supply 16 distributes power to the banks of infrared radiation lamps and is monitored and adjusted to maintain the desired temperature of the fluidized bed.
This adjusting of the power levels would be carried out by a separate controller which is not shown and would have the thermocouple connected thereto as an input to provide the necessary temperature monitoring feature.
. 15 The perspective view of Figure 3 illustrates how ` the infrared radiation lamps 10 are mounted across the stainless steel retort. A channel type area is provided from one end of the retort to the other whereby air can ; pass over the end seals of the lamps, particularly at the ~ 20 point of connection of the power connectors to the lamps.
5 ~ With high intensity infrared radiation lamps, one limiting I feature is the temperature to which the end seal can be i exposed. This is normally much lower than the capability of the infrared radiation lamp and, therefore, some applications have been limited by the operating limit of the end seals. To extend the operating conditions, a cooling air flow is passed across the ends of the lamps to maintain them within the specified operating range.
All of the lamps are mounted to a common mounting plate 30 which has thereon fastening pins 32, each having a retaining end 33. A washer housing 34 cooperates with these fastening pins 32 and retaining ends 33 to mount the lamps 10 across the stainless steel retort. The washer housing 34 includes an oversized hole 35 through which the lamp 10 extends and an oversized hole 36 is provided in the mounting plate 30 for accommodating the positioning of the lamp across the fluid bed. These oversized holes serve to 20~3394 isolate the infrared radiation lamp from the stainless steel retort which can, during heating thereof, undergo considerable distortion which can, if not accommodated, cause breakage of the infrared radiation lamps. The washer housing 34 has camming surfaces 38 either side of a locking slot 39. The camming surfaces 38 allow compression of washers interior to the washer housing, and locking slot 39 maintains the washer housing in a locked position once so rotated relative to the fastening pins 32. Details of this relation can be seen in Figure 7 wherein a series of ceramic washers 62 are shown in exploded relationship relative to the washer housing 34. The relative position of the washers in a compressed state when the washer housing 34 is in a locked position is shown in the cross section of Figure 9. It can be seen that the central ports of the washers 62 each provide a wiper and/or compression seal with the infrared radiation lamp 10 and the housing 34 compresses the series of washers 62 due to being retained by the fastening pins 32. The wiper and/or compression seal of the washers and the fact that these washers are in a compressed state between the housing 34 and the mounting plate 30 ensures that an effective seal is provided about the oversized hole 36 in the mounting plate 30 and about each lamp. Thus, the infrared radiation lamp 10 is prlmarlly supported by the ceramic washers 62 and can accommodate limited relative movement of the infrared radiation lamp relative to the mounting plate and retort due to the oversized holes 36 in the mounting plate and the oversized holes 35 in the washer housing 34.
As can be seen from Figures 7 and 9, this sealing arrangement about a lamp is also applicable to sealing of any tube type member which projects through the wall of a retort or furnace structure. One such application is shown in Figure 5 wherein the infrared radiation lamp 10 is placed interior to a quartz tube 60 with the quartz tube 60 being sealed relative to the fluid bed. The quartz tube 60 i8 open at either end and serves to protect the infrared 20~3394 radiation lamp from the fluid bed. It would also be possible to use this type of sealing arrangement in an oven type structure where it is desired to isolate the infrared radiation lamp 10 from the environment and/or atmosphere of the heating structure. For example, if this was a heat treating oven where shielding of the infrared radiation lamps by means of a quartz or other tube was desired, the seal can be made between the tube and the mounting plate which is secured to the oven. The use of a separate mounting plate further isolates the lamps or tubes from the retort wall or oven wall, however, the seal could also be between the actual retort wall and a lamp or tube, if desired.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, a low volume airflow 70 passes through the quartz tube between the quartz tube and the infrared radiation lamp 10. This low volume airflow preferably is not sufficient for cooling of the lamp end seal, generally shown as 56. In this case, a high volume airflow, generally shown as 72, is directed across the ends of the lamps to provide satisfactory cooling of the lamp end seals. It can be seen that the relationship of the quartz tube 60 to the length of the infrared radiation lamp 10 is such that the end seal of the lamp 10 projects well beyond the end of the quartz tube 60.
This is a result of the specialized infrared radiation lamp 10 shown in Figures 5 and 6 which has a considerable length at either end (preferably at least two inches) which merely ~erve~ to connect the power supply to the lamp radiation emitting elements 52 and space the end seals from the radiation emitting elements to accommodate more effective cooling of the lamp end seals. The electrical connector 54 within the lamp 10 does not emit high intensity infrared radiation, but merely serves to deliver power to the radiation emitting elements 52. It can be seen that the radiation emitting elements 52 are all located interior to the wall of the heating structure, generally shown as 74, whereby the sealing arrangement is spaced from the 2~53394 radiation emitting elements 52, as it is desired to expose the fluidized particles of the bed or the interior of the oven to this radiation, but it is not desirable to have such a high powered heat source directly radiating to the sealing arrangement or to the thickness of the port through the walls of the mounting plate, retort wall or furnace wall. Therefore, to avoid this problem, electrical connector 54 serves to ensure that the radiation emitting elements are within the heating structure, with the sealing arrangement being exterior to the heating structure. This high intensity infrared radiation lamp having a long end portion at either end thereof which does not emit radiation allows effective sealing along this extended portion while also accommodating the need to satisfactorily cool the end seals 56 of the infrared radiation emitting lamps 10.
Thus, it can be seen that the infrared radiation lamps 10 of Figure 5 have a lamp extension portion 58, which is beneficial to allow effective sealing of the lamp or related tube structure to a heating zone while also allowing effective cooling of the end seals 56.
As shown in Figure 1, an entry port 5 is provided at either end of the retort whereby continuous material such as stripper wire can be passed through the fluidized bed and heat treated as it is passed therethrough.
Suitable rollers or retaining structures can be provided for maintaining the strap within the fluidized particles.
In some cases, the material to be treated is of a particle type nature, such as the reclaiming of foundry sand, and it iQ desirable to introduce the foundry sand at a controlled level through a top port provided in members 26 or any other suitable port near the upper part of the fluidized bed. With the controlled introduction of particles into the fluid bed, some material will flow into the slump zones 22 and out the discharge chutes 24. It has been found that if the material is introduced generally centrally into the fluidized bed that it will be properly proce~sed prior to eventually being accumulated in the 20S339~
drain chutes 24. If necessary, partitions can be provided to ensure that the particles must flow through the heat zone, generally shown as 8, but in practice, this has not proven to be necessary.
The heat zone, generally shown as 8, is a zone which is defined by the infrared radiation lamps 10 which are staggered, one above the other, two high and extend generally the length of the fluid bed. This provides an intense region where the particles are exposed to very high temperatures. Although the average temperature of the bed may be in the range of approximately 1500F, it is believed that particles near the heat zone 8 may experience momentary temperatures substantially higher than the average temperature of the bed, possibly up to approximately 3000F, which temperature is approaching the temperature of the radiation emitting elements of the lamps. This possible occurrence of a very hot zone about the bank of infrared radiation lamps may explain the extremely favourable test results for treated foundry sand where treated sand in some cases was considered better than new foundry sand due to the extent to which binders and residue were removed and due to the shape of the treated sand which was better for forming castings.
Although treating of particular matter has been described with respect to foundry sand, treating of any material which undergoes a favourable change at the operating temperature of momentary temperature of the bed can be carried out. The present heating structures can be uqed for conventional heat treating of materials on a batch or continuous basis as well as other nonconventional applications such as foundry sand recovery or treating of other hazardous or nonhazardous material at elevated temperatures. The bed and method can achieve efficient combustion at high temperatures and many materials can be effectively treated in this manner. Other materials can benefit merely by being heated to these temperatures.
. :
205339~
In the treating of foundry sand, it has been found that binding materials used to form castings can be burned off extremely rapidly and that the foundry sand previously used in a casting process can be effectively reclaimed at very low cost.
Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.
ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to heat treating structures and methods which utilize high intensity radiation for heating of the same.
BACK~ROU~D OF THE INVENTION
There are a host of fluidized beds used for heat treating of components or for other treating of products by exposing the products to heat, and examples of such structures and processes are found in the following patents: United Kingdom Patent 1,293,187; Bauer et al., United States Patent 4,491,277; Godderidge, United States Patent 4,700,766; Canadian Patent 868,257; Devé, United States Patent 3,685,165; Bailey, United States Patent 4,738,615, Vogel, Canadian Patent 1,193,067; European Patent 0 122 029; Euro~ean Application 0 025 818; and, United States Patent 4,780,966.
An example of a fluidized bed heated by infrared radiation is disclosed in United States Patent 4,752,061.
~ A further example of heating using infrared technology can t be found in Wynne, United States Patent 3,404,874 which 25 discloses the concept of enclosing infrared radiation lamps within a quartz tube for use in a vacuum furnace as well as Steixner, United States Patent 4,800,252 which discloses the placlng of a quartz lamp within a closed quartz tube.
There have been a number of proposals for a heat ~ 30 treating arrangement where the energy is transmitted by i radlation to the particles, as exemplified above, however s~ the problem of providing a structure and system for satisfactorily mounting lamps across a heating zone and sealing of the lamps exterior to the heating zone have not ; 35 been satisfactorily addressed.
, ~
20~3394 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved fluidized bed and an arrangement for satisfactorily sealing a tube type member mounted across the bed. The invention also relates to an infrared high intensity radiation lamp having particular application for fluidized beds and other heating structures where the lamp extends across the bed and is exposed either side of the bed.
The infrared high intensity radiation lamp, according to the present invention comprises an infrared radiation emitting element contained within a quartz tube of a length substantially longer than the radiation emitting element. End seals are found at either end of the quartz tube, having associated therewith electrical connectors for connection to an external power supply and a non-radiation emitting electrical wire joining within the quartz tube the electrical connectors at said end seal and the infrared radiation emitting element whereby the spacing between each end seal and the radiation emitting element is at least two inches.
A seal for sealing between a tube passing through a wall of a heating zone, according to the present invention, comprises a series of at least two ceramic washers which are compressible and have a central port forming a seal with the tube. A washer housing engages the washers and compresses the same by exerting a compressive force on the washers, which force is opposed by the resistance of the wall of the heating zone through which the tube extends.
The washer housing has a central port through which the tube extends in a non-binding manner. In this way, the compressive force provides a seal between the tube and the wall through which the tube extends and leakage does not occur along the tube due to the seal formed between the washer and the tube which is also enhanced due to the compressive force.
The present invention is also related to improvements in a fluid bed having opposed flat walls 20~3394 through which heating elements extend for heating of the bed. The flat walls each have a common large port through which the lamps extend with the lamps being supported either side of the retort by a plate mount which closes one of the large ports. The lamps extend through the plate mounts and are releasably mounted thereto in a manner to accommodate relative movement of the lamps and mounting plates that can occur during heating of the fluid bed. In this way, distortion of the retort is not directly transmitted to the lamps whereby the possibility of damaging the lamps is reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE D~a~INGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a cross section of the fluid bed;
Figure 2 is a cross section of the unit at 90 to the cross section of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a partial perspective view showing cooling of the lamp end seals;
Figure 4 is a vertical section showing infrared radiation lamps supported either side of the fluid bed;
Figure 5 is a cross sectional view showing the sealing of a quartz tube extending across a heating zone - 25 and having an infrared radiation lamp centrally disposed therein;
Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the sealing of a quartz lamp passing through a heat zone;
Figure 7 is a partial perspective view showing details of the sealing arrangement;
Figure 8 is an end view of the sealing arrangement for an infrared radiation emitting lamp; and Figure 9 is a cross sectional view of the sealing arrangement for an infrared radiation lamp.
20~3394 p~AI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The fluid bed 2 shown in Figure 1 has a stainless steel retort 4 with fluidized particles 6 maintained within the retort 4. Stainless steel is the preferred material, but any other material that can operate satisfactorily at the operating temperatures can be used. A buried heating source 8, in this case a series of high intensity infrared radiation lamps 10, extend across the retort with the ends of the lamps exterior to the retort. Below the buried heating source 8 are fluidizing tubes 12 and sparge tubes 14. The purpose of the sparge tubes is to introduce a fluidizing gas below the fluidizing tubes which serves to break up any jetting effect that may occur at the fluidizing tubes. Approximately 90% of the fluidizing gas is introduced through the fluidizing tubes 12 with only 10%
through the sparge tubes. The sparge tubes introduce limited turbulence which reduces jetting at the fluidizing tubes.
' A power supply 16 is connected to the power j 20 distribution arrangement 18 which in turn is connected to the electrical connectors of the infrared radiation lamps at the ends thereof. The portion of the lamp at the junction with the electrical connector is referred to as the end seal. The end seals have a restricted temperature operating range.
A thermocouple 20 is positioned above the buried heating source and monitors the average temperature of the fluid bed. The stainless steel retort is closed on the upper 8urface by insulated members 26 which are hinged at the side of the structure to allow wide access to the 8tainless steel retort 4. Insulation is also provided about the retort to minimize heat loss from the structure.
The thermal efficiency of the bed is directly effected by heat loss and therefore insulation is provided where practical.
The stationary insulation material is generally ~hown as 28 in Figure 2. To either side of the stainless 20~3394 steel retort 4 is a slump zone 22 which is connected to a drain chute 24. These slump zones can be used for removing particles from the fluid bed retained within the stainless steel retort. A blower 40 is shown to one side of the retort and is used to cool the ends of the high intensity infrared radiation lamps on that side of the bed with a similar arrangement on the opposite side of the bed.
The power supply 16 distributes power to the banks of infrared radiation lamps and is monitored and adjusted to maintain the desired temperature of the fluidized bed.
This adjusting of the power levels would be carried out by a separate controller which is not shown and would have the thermocouple connected thereto as an input to provide the necessary temperature monitoring feature.
. 15 The perspective view of Figure 3 illustrates how ` the infrared radiation lamps 10 are mounted across the stainless steel retort. A channel type area is provided from one end of the retort to the other whereby air can ; pass over the end seals of the lamps, particularly at the ~ 20 point of connection of the power connectors to the lamps.
5 ~ With high intensity infrared radiation lamps, one limiting I feature is the temperature to which the end seal can be i exposed. This is normally much lower than the capability of the infrared radiation lamp and, therefore, some applications have been limited by the operating limit of the end seals. To extend the operating conditions, a cooling air flow is passed across the ends of the lamps to maintain them within the specified operating range.
All of the lamps are mounted to a common mounting plate 30 which has thereon fastening pins 32, each having a retaining end 33. A washer housing 34 cooperates with these fastening pins 32 and retaining ends 33 to mount the lamps 10 across the stainless steel retort. The washer housing 34 includes an oversized hole 35 through which the lamp 10 extends and an oversized hole 36 is provided in the mounting plate 30 for accommodating the positioning of the lamp across the fluid bed. These oversized holes serve to 20~3394 isolate the infrared radiation lamp from the stainless steel retort which can, during heating thereof, undergo considerable distortion which can, if not accommodated, cause breakage of the infrared radiation lamps. The washer housing 34 has camming surfaces 38 either side of a locking slot 39. The camming surfaces 38 allow compression of washers interior to the washer housing, and locking slot 39 maintains the washer housing in a locked position once so rotated relative to the fastening pins 32. Details of this relation can be seen in Figure 7 wherein a series of ceramic washers 62 are shown in exploded relationship relative to the washer housing 34. The relative position of the washers in a compressed state when the washer housing 34 is in a locked position is shown in the cross section of Figure 9. It can be seen that the central ports of the washers 62 each provide a wiper and/or compression seal with the infrared radiation lamp 10 and the housing 34 compresses the series of washers 62 due to being retained by the fastening pins 32. The wiper and/or compression seal of the washers and the fact that these washers are in a compressed state between the housing 34 and the mounting plate 30 ensures that an effective seal is provided about the oversized hole 36 in the mounting plate 30 and about each lamp. Thus, the infrared radiation lamp 10 is prlmarlly supported by the ceramic washers 62 and can accommodate limited relative movement of the infrared radiation lamp relative to the mounting plate and retort due to the oversized holes 36 in the mounting plate and the oversized holes 35 in the washer housing 34.
As can be seen from Figures 7 and 9, this sealing arrangement about a lamp is also applicable to sealing of any tube type member which projects through the wall of a retort or furnace structure. One such application is shown in Figure 5 wherein the infrared radiation lamp 10 is placed interior to a quartz tube 60 with the quartz tube 60 being sealed relative to the fluid bed. The quartz tube 60 i8 open at either end and serves to protect the infrared 20~3394 radiation lamp from the fluid bed. It would also be possible to use this type of sealing arrangement in an oven type structure where it is desired to isolate the infrared radiation lamp 10 from the environment and/or atmosphere of the heating structure. For example, if this was a heat treating oven where shielding of the infrared radiation lamps by means of a quartz or other tube was desired, the seal can be made between the tube and the mounting plate which is secured to the oven. The use of a separate mounting plate further isolates the lamps or tubes from the retort wall or oven wall, however, the seal could also be between the actual retort wall and a lamp or tube, if desired.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, a low volume airflow 70 passes through the quartz tube between the quartz tube and the infrared radiation lamp 10. This low volume airflow preferably is not sufficient for cooling of the lamp end seal, generally shown as 56. In this case, a high volume airflow, generally shown as 72, is directed across the ends of the lamps to provide satisfactory cooling of the lamp end seals. It can be seen that the relationship of the quartz tube 60 to the length of the infrared radiation lamp 10 is such that the end seal of the lamp 10 projects well beyond the end of the quartz tube 60.
This is a result of the specialized infrared radiation lamp 10 shown in Figures 5 and 6 which has a considerable length at either end (preferably at least two inches) which merely ~erve~ to connect the power supply to the lamp radiation emitting elements 52 and space the end seals from the radiation emitting elements to accommodate more effective cooling of the lamp end seals. The electrical connector 54 within the lamp 10 does not emit high intensity infrared radiation, but merely serves to deliver power to the radiation emitting elements 52. It can be seen that the radiation emitting elements 52 are all located interior to the wall of the heating structure, generally shown as 74, whereby the sealing arrangement is spaced from the 2~53394 radiation emitting elements 52, as it is desired to expose the fluidized particles of the bed or the interior of the oven to this radiation, but it is not desirable to have such a high powered heat source directly radiating to the sealing arrangement or to the thickness of the port through the walls of the mounting plate, retort wall or furnace wall. Therefore, to avoid this problem, electrical connector 54 serves to ensure that the radiation emitting elements are within the heating structure, with the sealing arrangement being exterior to the heating structure. This high intensity infrared radiation lamp having a long end portion at either end thereof which does not emit radiation allows effective sealing along this extended portion while also accommodating the need to satisfactorily cool the end seals 56 of the infrared radiation emitting lamps 10.
Thus, it can be seen that the infrared radiation lamps 10 of Figure 5 have a lamp extension portion 58, which is beneficial to allow effective sealing of the lamp or related tube structure to a heating zone while also allowing effective cooling of the end seals 56.
As shown in Figure 1, an entry port 5 is provided at either end of the retort whereby continuous material such as stripper wire can be passed through the fluidized bed and heat treated as it is passed therethrough.
Suitable rollers or retaining structures can be provided for maintaining the strap within the fluidized particles.
In some cases, the material to be treated is of a particle type nature, such as the reclaiming of foundry sand, and it iQ desirable to introduce the foundry sand at a controlled level through a top port provided in members 26 or any other suitable port near the upper part of the fluidized bed. With the controlled introduction of particles into the fluid bed, some material will flow into the slump zones 22 and out the discharge chutes 24. It has been found that if the material is introduced generally centrally into the fluidized bed that it will be properly proce~sed prior to eventually being accumulated in the 20S339~
drain chutes 24. If necessary, partitions can be provided to ensure that the particles must flow through the heat zone, generally shown as 8, but in practice, this has not proven to be necessary.
The heat zone, generally shown as 8, is a zone which is defined by the infrared radiation lamps 10 which are staggered, one above the other, two high and extend generally the length of the fluid bed. This provides an intense region where the particles are exposed to very high temperatures. Although the average temperature of the bed may be in the range of approximately 1500F, it is believed that particles near the heat zone 8 may experience momentary temperatures substantially higher than the average temperature of the bed, possibly up to approximately 3000F, which temperature is approaching the temperature of the radiation emitting elements of the lamps. This possible occurrence of a very hot zone about the bank of infrared radiation lamps may explain the extremely favourable test results for treated foundry sand where treated sand in some cases was considered better than new foundry sand due to the extent to which binders and residue were removed and due to the shape of the treated sand which was better for forming castings.
Although treating of particular matter has been described with respect to foundry sand, treating of any material which undergoes a favourable change at the operating temperature of momentary temperature of the bed can be carried out. The present heating structures can be uqed for conventional heat treating of materials on a batch or continuous basis as well as other nonconventional applications such as foundry sand recovery or treating of other hazardous or nonhazardous material at elevated temperatures. The bed and method can achieve efficient combustion at high temperatures and many materials can be effectively treated in this manner. Other materials can benefit merely by being heated to these temperatures.
. :
205339~
In the treating of foundry sand, it has been found that binding materials used to form castings can be burned off extremely rapidly and that the foundry sand previously used in a casting process can be effectively reclaimed at very low cost.
Although various preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (25)
1. An infrared high intensity lamp comprising an infrared radiation emitting element contained within a quartz tube of a length longer than said radiation emitting element, end seals either end of said quartz tube having associated therewith electrical connectors for connection to an external power supply and a non radiation emitting electrical wire joining within said quartz tube said electrical connectors at said end seal to said infrared radiation emitting element, whereby the spacing between each end seal and the radiation emitting element is at least two inches.
2. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein the separation between each end seal and said radiation emitting elements is at least 3 inches.
3. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein said lamp is in combination with a quartz sleeve about a central portion of said lamp with said end seals being longitudinally spaced from the respective ends of said quartz sleeve by at least 2 inches.
4. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein said lamp is in combination with a quartz sleeve about a central portion of said lamp with said end seals being longitudinally spaced from the respective ends of said quartz sleeve by a distance sufficient to allow cooling of said end seals generally independent of the end of said quartz sleeve.
5. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 4 wherein said quartz sleeve traverses a heat zone with said radiation emitting element intermediate said heat zone and said end seals exterior to said heat zone.
6. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 5 wherein said quartz sleeve is sealed on the exterior thereof and forms part of the walls of the heat zone.
7. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 6 wherein said heat zone is a fluid bed.
8. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 6 wherein said heat zone is an oven.
9. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 7 wherein said quartz lamp has a cooling air flow passing therethrough.
10. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 8 wherein said end seals are positioned in a separate generally independent air flow of much higher speed and volume relative to the air flow through said quartz tube.
11. An infrared high intensity lamp as claimed in claim 10 wherein said radiation emitting element terminates short of interior walls of the heat zone.
12. A seal for sealing between a tube passing through a wall of a heating zone through which the tube extends, said seal comprising a series of at least two ceramic washers which are compressible and have a central port forming a wiper type seal with the tube, and a washer housing engaging said washers and compressing the same by exerting a compressive force on the washers which is opposed by the resistance of the wall of the heating zone through which the tube extends, said washer housing having a central port through which the tube extends in a non binding manner.
13. A seal as claimed in claim 12 wherein said series of washers includes at least three washers.
14. A seal as claimed in claim 12 wherein said washer housing is partially maintained in a position urging said washers in contact with said wall due to the compressive force of said washers in a direction separating said washers.
15. A seal as claimed in claim 14 wherein said series of washers is at least 6 washers.
16. A seal as claimed in claim 12 wherein said tube passes through an oversized port in the wall of a heat zone which is oversized relative said tube and said holder locates said tube relative to said port whereby movement of said wall of said heating zone can occur without necessarily causing a like movement of said tube due to the oversized port about said tube.
17. A seal as claimed in claim 16 wherein said washer housing is maintained in engagement with said wall by post members extending from said wall and directly secured thereto.
18. A seal as claimed in claim 17 wherein said washer housing and said posts cooperate to lock said housing in a seal maintaining position in one orientation of said washer housing and in a different orientation of said washer housing accommodates release of said washer housing.
19. A seal as claimed in claim 18 wherein said washer housing in said seal maintaining position of said washer housing is held outwardly of the wall of the heating zone by the compressed washers.
20. In a fluid bed having opposed flat walls through which heating elements extend for heating of the bed, said flat walls each having a common large port through which the lamps extend, said lamps being supported either side of said retort by a plate mount which closes one of said large ports, said lamps extend through said plate mounts and are releasably mounted thereto in a manner to accommodate relative movement of said lamps and mounting plates that occur during heating of the fluid bed.
21. In a fluid bed as claimed in claim 20 wherein said plates are mounted to said flat walls and have limited movement in relation thereto, and wherein a ceramic gasket between each plate and the respective flat wall forms a seal for the fluid bed.
22. In a fluid bed as claimed in claim 21 wherein said mounting plates have an oversized hole for each lamp which is sealed by means of a series of ceramic washers about each lamp, said series of washers being compressed to effect a seal about the oversized hole in the mounting plate and the lamp.
23. In a fluid bed as claimed in claim 22 including a washer housing associated with each lamp end which is releasably held by one of said mounting plates to in one orientation compress said ceramic washers between said housing and said mounting whereby the compression force tends to maintain said seal.
24. A method of heating a fluid bed of particles by exposing the bed of particles to high intensity infrared radiation produced within a buried zone of the fluid bed by infrared high intensity radiation lamps buried directly in the fluid be with the end seals of the lamps extending to the exterior of the fluid bed, said lamps including a ceramic compressible washer sealing arrangement sealing the the lamps to the fluid bed at the point where the lamps project into the bed and accommodating relative movement of the lamps relative to the walls of the fluid bed.
25. A method of heating a fluid bed of particles by exposing the bed of particles to high intensity infrared radiation produced within a buried zone of the fluid bed by infrared high intensity radiation lamps buried directly in the fluid be with the end seals of the lamps extending to the exterior of the fluid bed, said lamps having a seal between the lamps and a seal with the seal sealing with the fluid bed at the point where the lamps project into the bed whereby limited relative movement between the lamps and bed can occur by movement of said seal relative to the bed.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2053394 CA2053394A1 (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Radiation emitting heating elements and structure |
| AU26993/92A AU2699392A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1992-10-09 | Improved radiation emitting heating elements and structure |
| PCT/CA1992/000446 WO1993006920A1 (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1992-10-09 | Improved radiation emitting heating elements and structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2053394 CA2053394A1 (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Radiation emitting heating elements and structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2053394A1 true CA2053394A1 (en) | 1993-04-12 |
Family
ID=4148553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2053394 Abandoned CA2053394A1 (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Radiation emitting heating elements and structure |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2699392A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2053394A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993006920A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017058087A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Dryer |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2233150A (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1991-01-02 | Electricity Council | Infra-red radiation source |
| EP0532589B1 (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1994-10-26 | Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. | Fluidized bed with submerged infrared lamps |
-
1991
- 1991-10-11 CA CA 2053394 patent/CA2053394A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1992
- 1992-10-09 AU AU26993/92A patent/AU2699392A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-10-09 WO PCT/CA1992/000446 patent/WO1993006920A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1993006920A1 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
| AU2699392A (en) | 1993-05-03 |
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