CA2049969A1

CA2049969A1 - Paging receiver with continuously tunable antenna and rf amplifier

Info

Publication number: CA2049969A1
Application number: CA002049969A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Andrew A. Andros; Thomas J. Campana, Jr.
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Telefind Corp
Priority date: 1989-03-28
Filing date: 1990-03-26
Publication date: 1990-09-29
Also published as: JPH04505237A; EP0469001A1; WO1990011653A1; EP0469001A4; AU5406290A

Abstract

An RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages with the pages being transmitted in a plurality of licensed frequency bands with each band containing a plurality of FM
channels in which signal strength of pages on received channels in the bands varies as a result of variable antenna gain in accordance with the invention includes a tunable antenna (12, 14) having a reception bandwidth spanning the frequency bands with the antenna being tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to achieve maximum antenna gain for a received channel in any one of the plurality of licensed frequency bands; an RF tuner (16), coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving individual channels from the bands in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of one of the channels within the plurality of frequency bands, the RF tuner comprising a plurality of RF amplifiers (102, 104, and 106) with each RF amplifier.

Description

O/I~6~3 2 ~ CT/~90/~1~94 Descr~pt o~
Paging_Rece~v_r With Con inuou$ly unable Antenna and RF Amplif~er ' TechnicaLFielq ; 5 Th~ present invention relates to RF paging receivers ~cr receiving pages ~rom channels within at least one licensed radio common carrier frequency bandO
More particularly, the present invention relates to paging receivers of the ~oregoing type having dynamically programmable channels of reception from at least one Prequency band.

Uniked States Patent ~,851,~30 di~clos~ a paglng receiver with a continuously tunable ant~nna having programmable channels ~or receiving pages from 10,600 channels contained in the VHF and UHF bands (1~9-162, 278-290 and 449-462 MHz) used ~or in approximately 98~
of the licensed paging channels in use today in the world. The tuned antenna disclosed in the a~orementioned patent application is required to have a wide bandwidth to permit the reception of channels within the aforementioned plural frequency bands. The channels which are received by the paging receiver disclosed in the aforementioned patent are dynamically programmable by a channel programming command which permits the channel~s) being received to be changed to accommodate varying paging traffic on channels used by a local paging service as well as to accommodate transporting o~ the paging receiver to remote areas out o~ broadcast range of the transmitter o the local paging serv~ce providing paying service to receive pages on another channel~s) which are relayed to the ~ .

WO90/11653 PCT/VS90~1594 2 ~

remote area by a long distance paging network.
Existing long distance commercial paging networks to date rely upon paging receivers being programmed to receive a single channel or to sequentially scan a group of closely spaced channels in a single ~requency band.
Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of paging receiver 10 as disclosed in United States Patent No.
4,851,830. Actual circuits for implementing the various functions of the block diagram of Fig. 1 are ; set forth in Figs. 7-20 of United States Patent No.
~,851,830. Additionally, the main control program for the main CPU 2~ is set forth in the Appendix contained within United States Patent No. ~,851,830.
An internal antenna 12 Punction~ to reaeiv~ a total o~ 10,600 possible programmable ahannels ~rom the three discrete ~requency bands re~erred to above. The channels are programmed by a channel programminq command disclosed in United States Patent No.
Z0 4,851,~30. Because of the large number of possible channels which may be received in the distinct three frequency bands, the antenna 12 has a broad band reception characteristic. In the paging receiver, the antenna 12 is designed to the extent possible to be resonant in all of the three frequency bands from which it is designed to receive channels. In other words, an optimum impedance match is desired.
The gain of the antenna 12 is subject to substantial variation as a consequence of interaction of the antenna with the person on which the paging receiver is typically located and as a consequence o~
interaction of the antenna with the physical surroundings o~ the paging receiver. The person's body on which a paging receiver is located, physical , . . .

~ wos~ 6~3 2 ~ pCT/~S90/01~9~
~3 .' 3 :
surroundings and electrical interference caused by the main cPu 24 and vco 30 described below can substantially degrade the gain of the received page applied by the antenna 12 to antenna circuit 14. The antenna circuit 14 is a tuner containing variable capacitance diodes to which is applied an ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL to maximize the gain o~ the antenna 12 ~or the particular channel that RF tuner 16 is tuned to receive. The antenna circuit 14 is tuned by the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL which functions to tune the antenna 12 to achieve maximum gain in a manner ! described below in detail. The RF tuner 16 is comprised o~ three ~eparate radio ~requenay ampli~iers and mixers 18, 20 and 22 which respect~vely receiv~
UH~ 149-162 and 27~-190 M~lz channals and ~49-462 M~l~
VH~ chann~ls. The main CPU 2~ aontrols the activatlon o~ a power conkroller 26 which selectively activates one of the ampli~ier and mixer circuits 18, 20 and 22 depending upon in which of the frequency bands a page is being received. The digital RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL
outputted by the main CPU 24 specifies one of the 10,600 possible channels to be received which are stored in ROM 58 as discussed below. The RECEIVER
TUNING SIGNAL is applied to phase lock loop 28 which frequency locks the voltage controlled oscillator 30 on the particular channel specified by the RECEIVER TUNING
SIGN~L. When a particular channel is to be received by the RF tuner 16, the main CPU 24 digitally commands the power controller 26 to activate a particular one of the amplifier and mixer circuits 18, 20 and 22 which is to receive the channel to be received. By deactivating the remaining two ampli~ier mixer circuits power is conserved over that whlch would be consumed i~ all three ampli~iers and mixer circuits 18, 20 and 22 were : `

~ WO90/~653 PCT/US~0/~1~94 '3 ~ 4 .
simultaneously activated which is important in a battery operated paging receiver. The voltage ! controlled oscillator 30 produces an output frequency which is mixed with the signal being received by one of the ampli~ier and mixers 18, 20 and 22 to produce a 21.4 MHz output signal. The 21.4 MHz output signal is filtered by a 21. 4 MHZ filter 32. The output of the 21.4 MHz filter 32 is applied to an IF processi~g signal circuit 34 to produce the IF signal of 450 kHZo The output signal from the mixer oscillator 36 is applied to an IF amplifier 38 which amplifies the IF
signal to a level su~ficient for discrimination by FM
discriminator circuit 40. A RSSI circuit ~recetved signal strength indicator) ~2 produceq an output slgnaL
having a magnikude directly propor~ional to the le~el of the output signal ~rom the discximinator ~0. The RSSI signal outputted by the RSSI circuit 42 is applied to an antenna controller circuit 44. The antenna controller circuit 44 contains an analog-to-digital converter 46 which converts the analog RSSI signal into digital format suitable for processing by a dedicated ASIC microprocessor. The ASIC microprocessor executes a program contained in a ROM in the ASIC circuit. The ASIC microprocessor functions to produce a wobble signal which is outputted as a variable digital value which is applied to digital-to-analog converter 48 to ;
produce the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL having a variable analog value which causes the antenna circuit 14 to be tuned vaxiably through a fre~uency band for the purpose o~ continually locking on the point of maximum gain as a channel is being received. The variation in signal m amplitude caused by the wobbling c~ the tuned ~re~uency of the antenna circuit 14 is detected by the RSSI
circuit 42 so that the antenna controller circuit 44 3 2 ~ C~/US90/01594 continually outputs an ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL which tunes the antenna circuit to achieve maximum gain for the antenna 12. The ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL compensates for environmental factors which change the gain o~ the antenna 12 during reception such as variable induckance and capacitance caused by a person's body and the physical surroundings as well as compensating ~or electrical inter~erence caused by the CPU 24 and VCo 30. The discriminator circuit 40 outputs either no signal tlevel F) or one of fifteen discrete sinusoidal frequencies each of which encodes a different signal value received from either an analog or digital ~M
paging receiver transmitter. A buffer amplifier 50 ampli~ies the sinusoidal output signal Prom the discriminator cirauit ~0 to R level to create a square wave having a period equal to the p~riod o~ the sinusoidal signal outputted by the discriminator ~0.
The square wave outputted by the buffer amplifier 50 is filtered by low pass filter 52 to attenuate frequencies below 400 hertz. The output of the low pass filter 52 is applied to high pass filter 54 which attenuates channels above 3000 hertz. A tone decoder circuit 56 converts the discrete tones contained within the 400 to 3000 hertz pass band defined by the low pass filter 52 and high pass filter 54 to produce an output level signal indicative of 16 possible levels. The main CPU
24 processes successive coded transmissions of data ~y combining them into a two-digit decimal number and decoding the two-digit number into alphanumeric characters. Single coded transmissions are used for numeric only characters. The control program for the main CPU 24, is stored in ROM 58. The ROM 58 also stores the possible channels which may ~e receivad, which in the preferred embodiment are 10,600, a command .

~ WO90/11653 PCT/U~g~ 4 2 ~
,. : .
.:
. structure table used for decoding each of the commands - as disclosed in United States Patent No. 4,851,830l a~
well as the display control for the LCD display 64'o Variable data is stored in RAM 60. The RAM 60 has separate memory sections for storing pages incluc1inc~
specific memory sections which are addressable by command, the channels which are programmed to be received by the channel programming command includ:Lng any destination code for restricting reception of pages or a group of paging receivers to receive a page in a geographical area and the paging receiver identification. The main CPU 24 controls a liqu:id crystal display driver circuit 62'. The liquid crystal driver circuit 62' drives a liquid crystal display 6~', An external data port 67 is used to relay the outpuk signal ~rom the di~criminator 52 to another data processing or storage dev:lce when the main CPU 2~
executes an external data command. ~ port 68 is coupled to the main CPU 24 ~or driving an external printer. A port 69 is provided for establishing necessary communications between the CPU 24 and an external printer. A display switch 70 is used for activating the display 64'. A light switch 71 is used for activating back lighting of the display 64'. The switches 70 and 71 may also be used for inputting data ;`~
when suitable displays are made on the display 64' by the control program of the main CPU 24. Port 72 is connected to the paging receiver battery (not illustratedj for providing power. Port 73 is provided for activating an audio alarm contained in the paging receiver and port 74 permits connection to an external antenna which may be used when the paging r~ceiver is connected to an external device ~uch as a printer.

;, Woso/1l653 PCT/US90/~
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The main cPu 24 is responsive to a channel programming command to dynamically tune the RF tuner 16 to discrete channels. Each c~annel programming command is decoded by the main CPU 24 to output any change in channel contained therein of the 10,600 possible channels stored in ROM 58 for storage in a channel memory section of the random access memory 60.
The continuously tunable antenna of the paging receiver discussed above provides dynamic compensation for variable antenna gain c~nsequent from receiving programmable channels within at least one frequenc~
band. Dynamic compensation for variable antenna ga:in is especially important in achieving maximum reception range and accurate reception on programmable channQl~, spanning at least one ~requency band whcn the antenn~
is internal within the ca~e oP the pag.tng rec~iver. ~, a consequence oP an internal antenna having a short length, a person's body carrying the paging receiver and surroundings proximate to the person will often substantially vary the a~tenna gain. The dynamically tuned antenna of the paging receiver described above satisfactorily compensates for variation in antenna gain in a paging receiver having an internal antenna for receiving pages on channels which are dynamically programmed from multiple frequency bands.
The paging receiver discussed above is subject to degradation in reception performance in metropolitan areas. This degradation is caused by the RF amplifiers 18, 20 and 22 having a broadband reception characteristic spanning the entire bandwidth of each frequency band for amplifying pages received on channels contained within the band. For example, if the paging receiver is tuned to receive a channel ~n one end of a frequency band by applying an appropriate -- , :

WOsO/11653 PCT/US90/0~594 2~L~3~)~
output signal from vco 30 to the mixer within the amplifier, the broadband amplification characteristic , of the amplifier will amplify received signals contained in other parts of the band which diminishes the overall signal to noise ratio of the signal being inputted into the mixer on the channel being received which contains the page. I'his diminishing of the signal to noise ratio can severelv degrade the ability of the paging receiver to accurately receive alpha-}0 numeric and numeric pages in areas such as largemetropolitan areas where large numbers of other signals are simultaneously present from non paging sources or from other paging channels within a frequency band containing a channel on which the paging receiver is receiving pages.

Di~clo~ure Q~ he ~n~LQ~i The present invention is an improved paging receiver which utilizes a tunable antenna and tuned RF
amplifier to achieve maximum gain on channels being received from at least one of the plurality of licensed radio frequency band which are received by paging receivers throughout the world today. The paging receiver preferably is tunable by a channel programming command to program reception of at least one channel which may be chosen from a plurality of frequency bands which are used for paging receivers. The tunable antenna is tuned to maximize antenna gain for each - channel being received with an antenna tuning sequence which is a preferred form o~ the antenna tuning sequence disclosed in United States Patent No.

4,851,830. In accordance with the invention, each RF
amplifier for ampli~ying a page received on any channel ~rom a ~requency band has an operating bandwidth which ,,.,.. ~ .. . ... . .

~ . ' ' . .. . ' `, . .' ' , .. , ~ ~ i ,, . ! . .

~ WO90/l16~3 PCT/US90~01594 ~ 9 2 ~

is narrower in fre~uency than the frequency band and is tunable to shift the center of the operating bandwidth within the frequency 'oand on the specifie~ channel to maximize amplifier gain.
Tests have shown that the addition of the tunable ; RF amplifier for receiving channels ~rom licensed radio common ~requency bands used for paging receivers increases the gain oE the signal outputted from the RF
amplifier by up to 10 dB. The narrowing of the operating bandwidth o~ the RF amplifier by the present invention from an operating bandwidth spanning the entire frequency band as in the receiver of Fig. 1 to an operating bandwidth o~ approximately 675 kHx at the 65 dB down point increases the reliability oE receivin~
pages in areas where many other signals exist in the frequency band on which the channel is heing r~ceived.
The combination of the tunable antenna and tunable amplifier(s) permits a paging receiver in accordance with the present invention to reliably receive pages out to line o~ site distances which is the practical limit of pages transmitted on FM radio common carriers within the bands licensed for paging throughout the world today if signal reflections are not present. .

Brief Description of the Drawin~s:
Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art paging receiver of the assignee of the present invention;
- Fig. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a paging receiver in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a block dia~ram of an RF amplifier in accordance with the invention;
Fig. ~ illustrates the graphical relationsh.ip between the RF ~MPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL, RECEIVER TUNING
SIGNAL, RSSI SIGNAL and specified channel ~requency, WO90/llS53 PCT/USgO/01~94 6~ 10 Fig. 5 illustrates the gain characteristic of each RF ampli~ier of the paging receiver of the present invention within a frequency band.
Fig. 6 illustrates a circuit schematic for implementing the RF amplifier 104 of the block diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 lllustrates a circuit schematic for implementing the RF amplifiers 106 and 108 o~ the block diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the controller in tuning the antenna of a paging receiver in accordance wikh the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the controller in tuning a ~F ampli~ier in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a Plowchart illustrating th~ op~rati~n of the oontroller in ~ine tuning the gain of the antenna in accordance with the present invention.

Best Mo~e ~or Ça~yinq Out the ~n~ention:
Fig. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a RF paging receiver 100 in accordance with the present invention.
Like parts are identified by like reference numerals in Figs. 1 and 2. Parts in Fig. 2 which are identical to those illustrated in Fig. 1 and which are not necessary for understanding the present invention are not discussed in conjunction with Fig. 2. The paging receiver 100 of Fig. 2 differs from the paging receiver of Fig. 1 in that the RF amplifier contained in each of ~; th~ RF amplifier and mixers 104, 106 and 108 has a shiftable operating bandwidth which is centered by an RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL on the channel being received. The RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL is a ~unction of the RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL and the RSSI SIGNAL~ The ., ... ~.. ~ ......... .... ... .

: : . .. ; , . . . .

WO90/l1653 PCT/U~90/01594 11 2~f~

RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL is produced by the controller 102. The controller 102 controls the antenna 12 in the same manner as described in conjunction with the prior art of Fig. l and further produces the RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL as discussed below in conjunction with Figs. 3 and 4. The RF
AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL shifts the center of the operating bandwidth of the RF amplifiers and mixers 104, 106 and 108 as a function of the gain of the antenna as indicated by the RSSI signal produced by the IF amplifier 34 as used in the prior art Fig. 1 to tune the antenna 12 and the channel being received as specified by the RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL pro~uced by the main CPU 24. ~s described below, the opcrating bandwidth of one oE the ~F ampli~iers and mixers ~0~, 106 and 18, which i~ activated b~ khe power controller 26 to receive the speci~ied channel, is shifted to track the gain of the antenna and the RECEIVER TUNING
SIGNAL 90 as to center the operating bandwidth of the ' 20 RF amplifier to produce maximum gain of the amplified signals being applied to the mixer within the activated RF amplifier. The operating bandwidth of each of the RF amplifiers is tuned to a much narrower frequency range, which in a preferred embodiment is approximately 675 kilocycles in width at the 65 dB downpoint from the maximum amplitude at the center frequency of the operating bandwidth. Each amplifier 104, 106, and 108 is tunable to receive channels throughout the 13 megacycle bandwidth of each of the three licensed radio common carrier frequency bands on which pages are transmitted in the world today. As a consequence of the amplifiers within the ~F amplifiers and mixers 104, 106 and 108 having a much higher Q than the 13 megacycle bandwidth of the licensed frequency bands woso/1~6~3 PCT/US3~/01~94 from which channels are received, amplification of other signals which are within the frequency band being received but outside the operating bandwidth is eliminated which increases the signal-to-noise ratio o~
the output signal from the amplifier by up to 10 dB.
Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of each of the RF ~mpli~ier and mixers 104, 106 and 108 in accordance with the present invention. A received channel ~rom a licensed frequency band including other signals within the frequency band is applied to RF
amplifier 120 which has a shiftable operating bandwidth as discussed below in conjunction with Fig. 5. The operating bandwidth of the RF amplifier 120 is shi~ted within the 13MhZ bandwidth o~ the ~requency band being ampli~ied by the ampli~ier to center th~ operatlng bandwidth under control of the ~F AMPLIFXER TUNING
SIGNAL as discussed below with respect to Fig. 4. The output o~ the RF amplifier 120 contains signals within the operating bandwidth. As a consequence of the operating bandwidth being approximately 675KhZ at 65dB
downpoint, the great ma~ority of other signals within the frequency band containing the received channel are rejected by the RF amplifier which increases the signal-to-noise ratio substantially up to approximately lOdB over that which was achieved by the prior art paging receiver of Fig. 1 in areas, such as large metropolitan areas, where many signals are present within the frequency band within which the received channel is contained but outside the operating bandwidth. Mixer 130 functions in the conventional manner to shift the frequency o~ the output signal ~rom the RF ampli~ier 120 to the intermediate ~requency as a consequence o~ the RECEIVE~ ~UNING SIGNAL being applied thereto by khe VC0 30. The output o~ the mixer is ~ Wo90/116~3 PCT/US90/OlSg4 13 - 2~
.;
.:
applied to the filter 32 and IF amplifier 34 as ln ths paging receiver of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 graphically illustrates the relationship of the RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL as a function of the RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL and RSSI SIGNAL. In the pre~erred embodiment of the present invention, the RF' ~MPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL is proportional to the sum of the RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL and the RSSI SIGNAL. The RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL is a linear function of the specified channel being received within a licensed frequency band with the RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL being at a minimum (e.g. 3~5 volts) at the lowest channel within the ~requency band and being at a maximum voltage at the highest channel within the ~requency band and varying directly proportionally to the frequoncy of the channel being received in the licensed ~r~qu~ncy band between the lowe~t and highest channels o~ th~ licensed frequency band. For example, reception of a channel midway between the lowest and highest channels would result in the generation of a RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL
having 1/2 the maximum level of the RECEIVER TUNING
SIGNAL. The RSSI signal is directly proportional to the level of the output signal produced by the IF
amplifier 34 and is also used in the generation of the antenna tuning signal applied to the antenna circuit 14 as in the paging receiver of Fig. 1. The RSSI signal varies linearly as a function of the antenna gain. The controller 102 produces the RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL
which is proportional to the sum of the RECEIVER TUNING
SIGNA1 and the RSSI SIGNAL with the magnitude of the RF
~MPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL varying with the variation of the RSSI SIGNAL and antenna gain with the RECEIVER
TUNING SIGNAL component of the RF ~MPLIFIER TUNING
SIGNAL being constant for each channel being reoeived.

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woso~ s3 PCr/US~0/01594 æ~ 14 . .
. , As a consequence of the RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL
being proportional to the fixed RECEIVER TUNING SIGNAL
and the RSSI SIGNAL which is directly proportional to the variation in gain of the antenna, the RF AMPLIFIER
TUNING SIGNAL provides a voltage Por shi~ting the operating bandwidth of the R~ ampli~ier to center the , operating bandwidth on the specified channel being ;' received to achieve maximum gain to provide a maximum signal to noise ratio which substantially enhances the ability of the paging receiver in accordance with the invention to accurately receive pages including discriminating characters within alphanumeric pages at long distances ~rom the transmitter and in areas with many signals present in a ~requency band ln which a page is being received.
Fig. 5 illustra~es the gain characteristic of each of the ampli~iers o~ the ~F' ampli~iers and mixers 104, 106 and 108 as a function of the overall bandwidth of each ~requency band of channels which the amplifier amplifies. The center of amplifier operating bandwidth is shifted by varying the capacitance of varactor diodes contained in the amplifier as illustrated in Figs. 6-7 discussed below under the control of the RF
AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL. The operating bandwidth has a 65 dB down point at +387.5 KHZ from the center frequency.
Figs. 6-7 illustrate a circuit schematic of a preferred embodiment of the RF amplifiers contained in the RF amplifiers and mixers 104-108 of Fig. 2. It should be understood that the choice of the components within the RF amplifiers including values may be varied in accordance with the invention ~xom those illustrated. Part numbers are the manu~acturer's or industry designation. Resistance values are in W~90/1l653 PCT/~S90/01594 2~

thousands of ohms, capacitance values are in pico~arads and inductance values are in nano henries. The gain of the antenna tuning is varied by application of the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL to the variable capacitance diode BBY 31 to change its capacitance proportionally to the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL. The operating bandwidth of the RF ampli~ier is shi~ted by application o~ the AMPLIFIER
TUNING SIGNAL to the variable capacitance diodes ~BY 40 to change their capacitance proportionally to the RF AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL.
Fig. 8 illustrates a flowchart of the operation of the controller 102 with reference to E'ig. 2 in producing the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL for optimizing the gain of the antenna 12 in recei~ing a specified channel which is outputted as indicated at point L000 by the main CPU 2~ and identi~ied as the RECE~V~R TUNING
SIGNAL. The operation o~ the controller 102 proceeds to point 1002 where a stored ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL
which is a function of the specified channel is read out from memory within the controller 102 and applied to the varicap diode(s) as indicated at point 1004 within the antenna circuit 14. Preferably~ the stored ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL sets the voltage to approximately 15~ less than the voltage which will produce maximum antenna gain for the specified channel.
Each 13 MHz band is divided into twenty-six lookup `~
voltages stored in the memory of the controller 102.
The controller 102 chooses for the specific band within which the specified channel is located the stored ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL which is assigned to the specified channel for initial tuning of the antenna 12.
Accordingly, each channel within each band o~ channels which may be received has an assigned initial ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL stored in the memory of the `: :
.

WOso/11653 PCT/US90/01594 ~ 16 controller 102 which is approximately 15% less than the voltage which will produce maximum antenna gain.
' The controller 102 measures and stores the magnitude o~ the RSSI SIGNAL outputted by the IF
processing signal circuit 34 as indicated at point 1006. The controller 102 adds a predetermined incremental voltage increase to the previous ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL which has been readout from memory as indicated at point 1008. At point 1010, the controller 102 measures and stores the RSSI SIGNAL as outputted by the IF processing signal circuit 34 in response to the increased voltage. The controller 102 compares at point 1012 the voltages which were stored at points 1006 and 1010 to determinc i~ there i~ an increase. I~ the answer is "yes" at poin~ 1012, khe operation loops baclc to point 100~ to add another incremental voltage increase as described above with re~erence to points 1008 and 1010. If the answer is "no" at point 1012, the operation o~ the con~roller 102 proceeds to point 1014 where the ANTENNA TUNING SI~NAL
is set to correspond to the highest RSSI SIGNAL.
Furthermore, the loop comprised of steps 1008-1014 may be run a plurality of times, such as three times, prior to finally setting the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL to determine the optional voltage. The repeating o~
steps 1008-1014 enhances optimizing of the ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL. Once the "no" decision is reached at point 1012, the RSSI SIGNAL will have increased in magnitude,' reached a maximum and decreased in magnitude. Operation of the antenna circuit 14 ~or the specified channel in receiving pages on the specified channel is initially in accordance with the ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL as determined at point 1014 and .
, ",~. ,. . :.~ . , wo9~/~1653 PCT/US~0/01594 ~ 2 ~

:.
.
thereafter in accordance with the flowchart of Fiq. 10 as described below.
While the invention has been described with the initial stored value of the ANTENNA TUNING SIG~AIJ
contained in the memory of the controller 102 being less (preferably 15%) than the voltage which produces optimum antenna gain, it should be understood that the voltage magnitudes stored by the memory of the controller may alternatively be larger with the incremental voltage steps at point 1008 being decreases in voltage. Furthermore, the percentage less than the voltage which produces maximum gain which is stored by the memory of the controller 102 may be chosen to be different than 15~.
Fig. 9 illustrates a ~lowchart o~ the operation Oe the controller 102 in producin~ the RF ~MPLIFIE~ TUNING
SIGN~L with reference to ~ig. 2 in optimizing the gain of the particular RF ampli~ier which is activated in receiving a specified channel from one o~ the frequency bands. The phase lock loop 28 is locked to the specified channel outputted by the main CPU 24 throughout the tuning process of an RF amplifier as described in detail below and during reception of the specified channel. It should be understood that each of the RF amplifiers 104-108 is tuned to a channel being received within the band of channels received by the RF amplifier upon application of power to the amplifier. The tuning process of an RF amplifier is analogous to the tuning process of the antenna 12 described above with reference to Fig. 8. The operation of the controller 102 proceeds at point 1100 where the specified channel to be received is read ~rom the main CPU 2~. The opera~ion of the controller 102 proceeds to point 1102 where a stored RF AMPLIFIER

WO90/1l653 PCT/~'S90/01594 ~ 18 ~, .

TUNING SIGNAL voltage magnitude is read from the memory within the controller which is a function of the specified channel and the voltaga is produced and is applied to the varicap diode(s) within the RF amplifier which receives the specified channel as indicated at point 1104. Preferably, the stored RF A~P~IFIER TUNING
SIGNAL sets the voltage applied to RF ampli~ier to be less than the voltage which will produce maximum RF
ampli~ier gain. Each 13 MHz band is divided into 8 lookup voltages stored in the memory of the controller 102. The controller 102 chooses for the specific band within which the specl~ied channel is located the stored AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL which is assigned to the specified channel ~or tuning of the RF ampli~ier. Accordingly, each channel within eaah band o~ channels which may be recelved has an assigned initial AMPLIFXER TUNING SIGNAL voltage magnitude stored in the memory o~ the controller 102 which is less than the voltage which will produce maximum RF ampli~ier gain. The controller 102 measures and stores the magnitude of the resultant RSSI SIGNAL
produced by the IF processing circuit 34 in response to application of the stored AMPLIFIER TUNING S~GNAL to the RF amplifier as indicated at point 1106. The controller 102 adds a predetermined incremental voltage increase to the previous AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL which has been ~ readout from memory as indicated at point 1108. At point 1110 the controller 102 measures and stores the resultant RSSI SIGNAL as outputted by the IF processing signal circuit 34. The controller 102 compares at point 1112 the voltages which were stored at points 1106 and 1110 to determine if there was an increase. I~ the answer i~ "yes" at point 1112, the operation loops back to point 1108 to .
:

WO9~/l16~3 PCT/US90/~15~4 !~ .
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: add another incremental voltage increase as described above with reference to points 1108 and 1110. If the answer is "no" at point 1112, the operation o~ the controller 102 proceeds to point 1114 where the AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL is set to correspond to the highest RSSI SIGNAL produced. Operation of the RF amplifier receiving pages on the specified channel is in accordance with the AMPLIFIER TUNING SIGNAL
determined at point 1014.
10While the invention has been described in conjunction with Fig. 9 w.ith the initial stored value of the AMPLIFIER TUN~NG SIGNAL contained in the memory of the controller 102 being less than the voltage which produces optimum amplifier gain, it should be understood that the voltage magnitudes stored by ~he memory o~ the controller may alternatively be larger with the voltage step at point 1108 being decreased~
Furthermore, the percentage less than the voltage which produces maximu~ RF amplifier gain which is stored by the memory of the controller 102 may be chosen to have different values.
Fig. 10 illustrates a flowchart of the operation of the controller 102 in continually fine tuning the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL during reception of pages to 2S compensate for variation in antenna gain c~used by factors such as, but not limited to, movement of the paginq receiver with respect to objects in proximity to the paging receiver such as buildings or removal from a person's body. Factors of the above type can detune the antenna gain during reception of pages from the optimized value established by the initial tuning process described with re~erence to Fig. 8 above. The ~requency response of the tuning process described below is chosen to be slow to prevent retuning the WO~0~11653 PCT/US9~/01594 2~ 20 antenna circuit 14 by instantaneous changes of the RF media due to multipath Raleigh fading.
once a tuniny "history" has been obtained for a ; specific channel(s), the adjustment process proceeds as follows. The last six RSSI SIGNAL samples are compared to determine if the latest three samples are higher or lower than the three earlier samples. If the total o~
the previous samples exceeds the total of the latest samples, the controller 102 steps down the antenna tuning varactor voltage. The result of the measurements in this case indicates that the average received signal strength is less than previously received. Only the antenna varactor will be chanyed at this point, as the RF amplifier gain has been previously optimized in the initial tuning proce~s aa described with reference to Fig. 9 above. ~rhe controller 102 then decrea6e~ the ANTENNA TUNXNG SIGNAL
one step or three steps depending on whether the difference is small or great. If three "adjustments"
are made, and the RSSI average readings decrease, the controller 102 sets the tuning to the three previous adjustment voltages and will increase the ANTENNA
TUNING SIGNAL to optimize the received signal reading.
This step-by-step "fine" tuning of the antenna circuit optimizes the received signal under the above-identified varying conditions. It maintains certain boundaries of tuning limits as outside influences (such ~ as signal strength in a tunnel or basement) which ;~ cannot be tuned or optimized.
Loop damping of the adjusting voltage occurs by the use of R-C time constants in the antenna circuit 14 and also due to the fact that samples of the RSSI SIGNAL are taken at approximately 900 millisecond intervals.

.
.

woso/1~6s3 PCT/US90/~lS94 21 2~

; Operation of the controller 102 in "fine tuning"
the antenna gain by dynamically varying the capacitance of varactor diodes contained in the antenna circuit 14 is described as follows with reference to Fig. 10.
Operation proceeds from point 1200 where the RSSI SIGNAL is sampled. The samplin~ rate is pre~erably lower than a frequency at which transient signals would substantially influence the signal magnitude such as one every 900 milliseconds.
Operation proceeds to point 1202 where previous samples such as the oldest three of six samples including the current sample are added. It should be understood that samples are continually being updated with new samples with older samples being discarded. Operation proaoefls to point 1204 where the current samples, including the sample detexmined at polnt 1200, aro added. At point 1206, khe totals determined at points }202 and 1204 are compared. I~ the comparison at point 1206 produces a dif~erence less than a predetermined threshold indicative of significant signal strength variations as indicated at point 1208 by the determination "no", the operation loops back to point 1200. If the difference is greater than the predetermined threshold as indicated by "yes" at point 1208, it is necessary to vary the antenna qain to compensate for the signal strength variation indicated by variation in the RSSI SIGNAL maqnitude. If the magnitude of change exceeding the threshold determined at point 1208 is greater than a threshold as determined at point 1210, the controller 102 steps down the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL by thrPe predetermined increments as indicated at point 1212. However, if the change at point 1210 is less than the threshold, the controller 102 steps down the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL by W~90/l1653 PCT/US90/01594 ~ 22 ' one predetermined increment as indicated at point 1214.
The series of steps at points 1200-1214 is repeated for three loops as indicated at point 1216. At point 1218 the effect of lowering the ANTENNA TUNING SIGNAL at points 1212 and/or 1214 during the three loops is determined. I~ the effect at point 1218 is determined to not be a lowering of the RSSI SIGNAL, operation loops back to point 1200 since the result produces increased antenna gain, as indicated by increased magnitude in the RSSI SIGNAL. The foregoing process continues as long as the RSSI SIGNAL continues to increase. However, if the e~ect at point 1218 is determined to be lowering o~ the ~SSI SIGN~L operation proceeds to point 1220 which indicates that the voltage level of the ~N~ENN~ TUNING SIGN~L must be increa~ed a~
a conse~uence o~ decr~ases in the ~NTENNA TUNXNG SXGNAL
producing a deareased ~SS~ SIGNAL. Operation proceeds to point 1222 which is analogous to point 1210.
Point 1224 is analogous to point 1212 except that the voltage is increased by three voltage increments.
Point 1226 is analogous to point 1214 except that the voltage is increased by one voltage increment.
Point 1228 is analogous to point 1216. Point 1230 is analogous to point 1218. Point 1232 indicates the changing of the increments of the ANTENNA TUNI~G SIGNAL
to negative steps to coun~er the effect of the positive increments at points 1224 and/or 1226 in the next loop of processing when voltage increments are added at points 1212 and/or 1214.
It should be understood that the foregoing operation may be modified to change the number of samples at points 1218 and 1228. Furthermore, the relative difference in the increments at points 1212 WO90/11653 PCT/VS9OtO1594 and 1214 and 1224 and 1226 may be changed from 3 to 1 to other values.
The processes illustrated in Figs. 8-lO may be programmed in controller 102 by any known programming method or language. Furthermore, the processor 102 may be an ASIC or other controller implementation such as a custom masked CPU.
While the invention has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that numerous modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, it should be understood that while the preferred embodi~ent of the present invention pertains to pages containing alphanumeric characters, it should be undarstood that the present invention may be also utilized with pages whiah contain ~ith~r voaal messages alone or in combination with alphanum~ric characters or other alarms such as tone alarms.
Furthermore, while a separate RF amplifier is used for each frequency band of channels being received in a preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be understood that one RF amplifier may be used for amplifying signals from more than one frequency band such as the 280 and 450 MHz bands. It is intended that all such modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

.

Claims

1. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages with the pages being transmitted in at least one licensed frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of FM
channels in which signal strength of the pages on received channels in the at least one band varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
(a) a tunable antenna having a reception bandwidth spanning the at least one frequency band with the antenna being tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to achieve maximum antenna gain for a received channel in the at least one licensed frequency band;
(b) a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, which is tunable for receiving individual channels from the at least one frequency band in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of one of the channels within the at least one frequency band, the RF tuner comprising at least one RF amplifier for amplifying pages received on any channel within the at least one frequency band and having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the at least one licensed frequency band on the specified channel;
(c) an IF amplifier, coupled to the RF
tuner, for producing an intermediate frequency signal containing pages transmitted on the specified channel;

(d) means responsive to the intermediate frequency signal, for producing the antenna tuning signal as a function of the intermediate frequency signal; and (e) means, responsive to the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal, for producing the RF amplifier tuning signal as a function of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal.

2. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 1 wherein:
the paging receiver is tunable to channels within a plurality of frequency bands.

3. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 2 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is proportional to a sum of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal with the receiver tuning signal varying from a minimum for a channel having a lowest frequency within the at least one frequency band to a maximum for a channel having a highest frequency within the at least one frequency band.

4. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 3 wherein:
(a) the RF tuner has a plurality of RF
amplifiers, each RF amplifier amplifying pages received on channels from at least one different frequency band and having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the frequency band and being shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the frequency band of the RF amplifier in response to the RF
amplifier tuning signal of the specified channel.

5. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages being transmitted in at least one licensed frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of FM channels in which signal strength of the pages on received channels in the at least one frequency band varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
(a) a tunable antenna having a reception bandwidth spanning the at least one frequency band with the antenna being tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to achieve maximum antenna gain for a received channel in the at least one licensed frequency band;
(b) a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, which is tunable for receiving each of the individual channels from the at least one frequency band in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of one of the channels within the at least one frequency band, the RF tuner comprising at least one RF amplifier with each RF amplifier for amplifying a page received on any channel within at least one frequency band, each RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the at least one licensed frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier on the specified channel;
(c) an IF signal processing means, coupled to the RF tuner and to the receiver tuning signal, for producing an intermediate frequency signal, for producing the antenna tuning signal which is a function of the intermediate frequency signal during operation of the RF tuner to dynamically tune the antenna to achieve maximum antenna gain in response to variation in the gain of the antenna in receiving a channel from one of the channels within the at least one frequency band, and for producing the RF amplifier tuning signal which is a function of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal; and (d) a controller, coupled to the intermediate frequency signal, for controlling generation of the receiver tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to receive a specified channel from the at least one frequency band.

6. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 5 wherein:
the paging receiver is tunable to channels within a plurality of frequency bands.

7. A RF paging receiving in accordance with claim 6 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is proportional to a sum of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal with the receiver tuning signal varying from a minimum for a channel having a lowest frequency within the at least one frequency band to a maximum for a channel having a highest frequency within the at least one frequency band.

8. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 7 wherein: .
the antenna is contained inside the paging receiver.

9. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 8 wherein:
(a) the paging receiver is battery powered;
(b) the RF tuner comprises a plurality of RF
amplifiers with each RF amplifier for amplifying channels received from at least one different frequency band; and the controller controls activation of the plurality of RF amplifiers to cause only the RF
amplifier, which amplifies channels in the frequency band within which the specified channel is contained to be activated.

10. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 9 wherein:
each RF amplifier applies an output signal to a mixer to which is applied a RF signal, equal in frequency to the specified channel, from a voltage controlled oscillator having a frequency of oscillation controlled by the controller.

11. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 10 further comprising:
a phase lock loop receiving the receiver tuning signal from the controller and coupled to the voltage controlled oscillator for controlling the frequency of oscillation of the voltage controlled oscillator in accordance with a frequency specified by the receiver tuning signal.

12. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages with the pages being transmitted in at least one licensed frequency band with each band containing a plurality of FM channels in which signal strength of the pages on received channels in the at least one band varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
(a) a tunable antenna having a reception bandwidth spanning the at least one frequency band with the antenna being tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to achieve maximum antenna gain for a received channel in the at least one licensed frequency band;
(b) a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, which is tunable for receiving each of the individual channels from the at least one frequency band in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of one of the channels within the at least one frequency band, the RF tuner comprising at least one RF amplifier with each RF amplifier for amplifying a page received on any channel within at least one frequency band, each RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the at least one licensed frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier on the specified channel;
(c) an IF amplifier, coupled to the RF
tuner, for producing an intermediate frequency signal containing pages transmitted on the specified channel;

(d) means responsive to the intermediate frequency signal, for producing the antenna tuning signal as a function of the intermediate frequency signal; and (e) means, responsive to the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal, for producing the RF amplifier tuning signal as a function of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal.

13. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 12 wherein:
the paging receiver is tunable to channels within a plurality of frequency bands.

14. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 13 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is proportional to a sum of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal with the receiver tuning signal varying from a minimum for a channel having a lowest frequency within the at least one frequency band to a maximum for a channel having a highest frequency within the at least one frequency band.

15. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 14 wherein:
(a) the RF tuner has a plurality of RF
amplifiers, each RF amplifier amplifying pages received on channels from at least one frequency band and having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the frequency band and being tunable to center the operating bandwidth within the at least one frequency band of the RF amplifier in response to the RF
amplifier tuning signal of the specified channel.

16. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages being transmitted in at least one licensed frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of FM channels in which signal strength of the pages on received channels in the at least one frequency band varies comprising:
(a) an antenna having a reception bandwidth spanning the at least one frequency band;
(b) a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, which is tunable for receiving each of the individual channels from the at least one frequency band in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of any of the channels within the at least one frequency band, the RF tuner comprising at least one RF amplifier with each RF amplifier for amplifying a page received on any channel within the at least one frequency band, each RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the at least one frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier on the specified channel;
(c) an IF signal processing means, coupled to the RF tuner and to the receiver tuning signal, for producing an intermediate frequency signal, and producing the RF amplifier tuning signal which is a function of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal; and (d) a controller, coupled to the intermediate frequency signal, for controlling generation of the receiver tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to receive a specified channel from the at least one frequency band.

17. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 16 wherein:
the paging receiver is tunable to channels within a plurality of frequency bands.

18. A RF paging receiving in accordance with claim 17 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is proportional to a sum of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal with the receiver tuning signal varying from a minimum for a channel having a lowest frequency within the at least one frequency band to a maximum for a channel having a highest frequency within the at least one frequency band.

19. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 18 wherein:
the antenna is contained inside the paging receiver.

20. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 19 wherein:
(a) the paging receiver is battery powered;
(b) the RF tuner comprises a plurality of RF
amplifiers with each RF amplifier for amplifying channels received from a different frequency band; and the controller controls activation of the plurality of RF amplifiers to cause only the RF
amplifier, which amplifies channels at the frequency band within which the specified channel is contained, to be activated.

21. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 20 wherein:
each RF amplifier applies an output signal to a mixer to which is applied a RF signal, equal in frequency to the specified channel, from a voltage controlled oscillator having a frequency of oscillation controlled by the controller.

22. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 21 further comprising:
a phase lock loop receiving the receiver tuning signal from the controller and coupled to the voltage controlled oscillator for controlling the frequency of oscillation of the voltage controlled oscillator in accordance with a frequency specified by the receiver tuning signal.

23. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to channels to receive pages with the pages being transmitted in at least one licensed frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of FM
channels in which signal strength of pages on received channels in the at least one frequency band varies with programming of channels being accomplished by channel programming commands comprising:
(a) an antenna having a reception bandwidth spanning the at least one frequency band;
(b) a RF' tuner, coupled to the antenna, for receiving individual channels from the at least one band in response to varying a receiver tuning signal specifying reception of one of the channels within the at least one frequency band, the RF tuner comprising a plurality of RF amplifiers with each RF amplifier for amplifying channels from at least one different licensed frequency band, each RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the frequency band of channels applied to the RF
amplifier and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth within the frequency band of channels applied to the RF amplifier on the specified channel;
(c) an IF signal processing means, coupled to the RF tuner and to the receiver tuning signal, for producing an intermediate frequency signal and for producing the RF amplifier tuning signal which is a function of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal: and (d) a controller, coupled to the intermediate frequency signal, for controlling generation of the receiver turning signal applied to the RF tuner specifying reception of a channel specified by a received channel programming command from one of the frequency bands to cause the RF tuner to receive a specified channel from the at least one frequency band.

24. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 23 wherein:
the paging receiver is tunable to channels within a plurality of frequency bands.

25. A RF paging receiving in accordance with claim 24 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is proportional to a sum of the intermediate frequency signal and the receiver tuning signal with the receiver tuning signal varying from a minimum for a channel having a lowest frequency within the at least one frequency band to a maximum for a channel having a highest frequency within the at least one frequency band.

26. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 25 wherein:
the antenna is contained inside of the paging receiver.

27. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 26 wherein:
(a) the paging receiver is battery powered;
and (b) the controller controls activation of the plurality of RF amplifiers to cause only the RF
amplifier, which amplifies channels at the frequency band within which the specified channel is contained to be activated.

28. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 27 wherein:
each RF amplifier applies an output signal to a mixer to which is applied a RF signal, equal in frequency to the specified channel, from a voltage controlled oscillator having a frequency of oscillation controlled by the controller.

29. A RF paging receiver in accordance with claim 28 further comprising:
a phase lock loop receiving the receiver tuning signal from the controller and coupled to the voltage controlled oscillator for controlling the frequency of oscillation of the voltage controlled oscillator in accordance with a frequency specified by the receiver tuning signal.

30. A RF paging receiver which is tunable to at least one specified channel comprising:
a RF tuner, for receiving the specified channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the specified channel;
an intermediate frequency circuit coupled to the RF tuner for producing an intermediate frequency signal and a received signal strength indicator which is proportional to a level of the intermediate frequency signal;
a controller, coupled to the intermediate frequency signal, controlling generation of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the specified channel; and wherein the RF tuner comprises a tunable RF amplifier responsive to the received signal strength indicator and a stored voltage which is a function of the channel to be received which maximizes gain of the RF
amplifier.

31. A RF receiver which is tunable to a plurality of channels within at least one frequency band comprising:
a RF tuner, for receiving a channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the received channel and including a tunable RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth on the specified channel in response to varying an RF amplifier tuning signal to maximize gain of the RF amplifier;
an RF amplifier tuning signal generating circuit, responsive to a signal level produced by an intermediate frequency circuit coupled to the RF amplifier during receiving a transmission on the received channel and a stored amplifier tuning signal, for varying the RF amplifier tuning signal from the stored amplifier tuning signal; and a controller for controlling the generation of the applied channel tuning signal.

32. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 31 wherein:
the stored RF amplifier tuning signal applied to the RF amplifier causes the RF amplifier to have a gain which is not the maximum gain for the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal and thereafter the stored RF amplifier tuning signal applied to the RF amplifier is changed by the RF amplifier tuning signal generating circuit to a RF amplifier tuning signal different than the stored RF amplifier tuning signal which causes the maximum gain to he produced by the RF amplifier for the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

33. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 32 wherein:
the RF amplifier tuning signal generating circuit incrementally charges the stored amplifier tuning signal until the signal level produced by the intermediate frequency circuit reaches a maximum level and in response to the intermediate frequency signal reaching a maximum level sets the RF amplifier tuning signal to the RF amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum level in the intermediate frequency signal for receiving the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF amplifier to produce maximum gain.

34. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 33 wherein:
the RF amplifier tuning signal generator circuit in producing the amplifier tuning signal which produces maximum gain executes a recurring process of incrementally changing the RF amplifier tuning signal, storing a resultant signal level produced by the intermediate frequency circuit, compares the resultant signal level with a signal level produced by the intermediate frequency circuit produced prior to the incrementally changing the RF amplifier tuning signal to determine if the incremental change in RF amplifier tuning signal caused the resultant signal level from the intermediate frequency signal to increase, and repeats incrementally changing of RF amplifier tuning signal, storing the resultant signal and comparing the resultant and previous signal levels produced by the intermediate frequency circuit until the signal level produced by the intermediate frequency circuit reaches the maximum.

35. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 31 wherein:
the RF tuning circuit stores a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals and applies a single stored RF amplifier timing signal to the tunable RF amplifier which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

36. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 35 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with each band containing a plurality of channels to which the receiver is tunable with a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals being stored for each band.

37. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 32 wherein:
the RF tuning circuit stores a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals and applies a single stored RF amplifier timing signal to the tunable RF amplifier which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

38. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 37 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with each band containing a plurality of channels to which the receiver is tunable with a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals being stored for each band.

39. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 33 wherein:
the RF tuning circuit stores a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals and applies a single stored RF amplifier timing signal to the tunable RF amplifier which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

40. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 39 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with each band containing a plurality of channels to which the receiver is tunable with a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals being stored for each band.

41. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 3 wherein:
the RF tuning circuit stores a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals and applies a single stored RF amplifier timing signal to the tunable RF amplifier which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

42. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 41 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with each band containing a plurality of channels to which the receiver is tunable with a plurality of RF amplifier tuning signals being stored for each band.

43. A RF receiver, which is tunable to at plurality channels in at least one frequency band, having a received signal strength which varies as a result of variable antenna gain during the reception of a transmission on a received channel comprising:
a tunable antenna which is continuously tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to vary antenna gain for a received channel during reception of a transmission on the received channel;
a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving the channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the received channel;
an intermediate frequency circuit, coupled to the RF tuner, for producing an intermediate frequency signal and a received signal strength indicator which is proportional to a level of the intermediate frequency signal during reception of a transmission on the received channel;
an antenna tuning circuit, responsive to the received signal strength indicator and to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received, for continuously generating the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum antenna gain for the received channel, the antenna tuning circuit comparing at least one stored current received signal strength indicator with at least one stored previous received signal strength indicator to determine if the at least one current signal strength indicator is less than the at least one previous stored signal strength indicator by an amount greater than a first threshold and if the difference is greater than the threshold the antenna tuning circuit changes the antenna tuning signal to increase the signal strength indicator from the at least one current signal strength indicator to produce the maximum antenna gain; and a controller controlling generation of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the received channel.

44. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 43 wherein:
the at least one stored current received signal strength indicator is an average of a plurality of samples of the received signal strength indicator taken in time from a previously taken sample up to a current sample; and the at least one previous signal strength indicator is an average of a plurality of samples of the received signal strength indicator taken in time up to the previously taken sample which is included in the average of the plurality of samples within the average of the plurality of samples of current received signal strength indicator.

45. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 44 wherein:
the samples within the averages are taken as sequential samples.

46. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 43 wherein:
the change in the antenna tuning signal is produced by incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal produced by the antenna tuning circuit to cause the signal strength indicator to increase.

47. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 46 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit incrementally changes the signal strength indicator by incrementally increasing or incrementally decreasing the antenna signal until the signal strength increases from the at least one current stored signal strength indicator.

48. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 47 wherein:
the incrementally increasing or decreasing of the antenna tuning signal is comprised of changes of the antenna tuning signal by a smaller increment if the change in signal strength indicator determined by the comparison of the stored signal strength indicators is less than a second threshold and by a larger increment if the change in signal strength indicator determined by the comparison of the stored signal strength indicators is greater than the second threshold.

49. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 44 wherein:
the change in the antenna tuning signal is produced by incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal produced by the antenna tuning circuit to cause the signal strength indicator to increase.

50. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 49 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit incrementally changes the signal strength indicator by incrementally increasing or incrementally decreasing the antenna signal until the signal strength increases from the at least one current stored signal strength indicator.

51. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 50 wherein:
the incrementally increasing or decreasing of the antenna tuning signal is comprised of changes of the antenna tuning signal by a smaller increment if the change in signal strength indicator determined by the comparison of the stored signal strength indicators is less than a second threshold and by a larger increment if the change in signal strength indicator determined by the comparison of the stored signal strength indicators is greater than the second threshold.

52. A RF receiver, which is tunable to a plurality of channels within at least one frequency band, having a received signal strength which varies as a result of variable antenna gain in receiving a transmission on a received channel comprising:
a tunable antenna which is continuously tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to vary antenna gain for a received channel during reception of a transmission on the received channel;
a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving a channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the received channel and including a tunable RF amplifier having an operating bandwidth which is narrower in frequency than the at least one frequency band and which is shiftable to center the operating bandwidth on the specified channel in response to varying an RF
amplifier tuning signal to maximize gain of the RF
amplifier;

an RF amplifier tuning signal generating circuit, responsive to a signal level produced by an intermediate frequency circuit coupled to the RF
amplifier during receiving a transmission on the received channel and a stored amplifier tuning signal, for varying the RF amplifier tuning signal from the stored amplifier tuning signal;
an antenna tuning circuit, responsive to the received signal strength indicator and to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received, for continuously generating the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum antenna gain for the received channel, the antenna tuning circuit comparing at least one stored current received signal strength indicator with at least one stored previous received signal strength indicator to determine if the at least one current signal strength indicator is less than the at least one previous stored signal strength indicator by an amount greater than a threshold and if the difference is greater than the threshold the antenna tuning circuit changes the antenna tuning signal to increase the signal strength indicator from the at least one current signal strength indicator to produce the maximum antenna gain; and a controller controlling generating of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the received channel.

53. A RF receiver which is tunable to at least one specified channel having a signal strength which varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
a tunable antenna which is tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to vary antenna gain for the specified channel;

a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving the specified channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the specified channel;
an intermediate frequency circuit, coupled to the RF tuner for producing an intermediate frequency signal and a received signal strength indicator which is proportional to a level of the intermediate frequency signal;
an antenna tuning circuit, responsive to the received signal strength indicator and to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received, for generating the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum antenna gain For the received channel; and a controller controlling generation of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the specified channel.

54. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 53 wherein:
application of the stored antenna tuning signal to the tunable antenna causes the intermediate frequency circuit to produce a received signal strength indicator less than a received signal strength indicator produced with maximum antenna gain; and the antenna tuning circuit in response to the applied channel tuning signal specifying initial reception of specified channel changes the antenna tuning signal from the stored antenna tuning signal to produce a maximum level of the received signal strength indicator and applies the antenna tuning signal which caused the maximum level of the received signal strength indicator to be produced to the tunable antenna to produce maximum antenna gain for receiving transmissions on a received channel.

55. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 54 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit changes the antenna tuning signal from the stored antenna tuning signal to produce a maximum level of the received signal a plurality of times and thereafter applies the antenna tuning signal which caused the maximum level of the received signal strength indicator to be produced from the plurality of times the antenna tuning signal was increased for receiving transmissions on a received channel.

56. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 53 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit incrementally changes the stored amplifier tuning signal until the received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit reaches a maximum level and in response to the received signal strength indicator reaching a maximum level sets the antenna tuning signal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum level in receiving the specified channel.

57. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 56 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit in producing the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum gain executes a recurring process of incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal, storing a resultant received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit, compares the resultant received signal strength indicator with a received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit prior to incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal to determine if the incremental change in antenna tuning signal caused the resultant received signal strength indicator from the intermediate frequency circuit to increase; and repeats incremental changing of antenna tuning signal, storing and comparing the resultant and previous received signal strength indicators produced by the intermediate frequency circuit until the received signal strength indicator reaches the maximum.

58. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 57 wherein:
the RF receiver receiver channels in at least one frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of channels;
the antenna tuning circuit stores a plurality of antenna tuning signals and applies a single stored antenna tuning signal to the tunable antenna which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

59. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 58 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with a plurality of antenna tuning signals being stored for each band.

60. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 54 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit incrementally changes the stored amplifier tuning signal until the received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit reaches a maximum level and in response to the received signal strength indicator reaching a maximum level sets the antenna tuning signal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum level in receiving the specified channel.

61. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 60 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit in producing the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum gain executes a recurring process of incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal, storing a resultant received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit, compares the resultant received signal strength indicator with a received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit prior to incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal to determine if the incremental change in antenna tuning signal caused the resultant received signal strength indicator from the intermediate frequency circuit to increase; and repeats incremental changing of antenna tuning signal, storing and comparing the resultant and previous received signal strength indicators produced by the intermediate frequency circuit until the received signal strength indicator reaches the maximum.

62. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 61 wherein:
the RF receiver receives channels in at least one frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of channels;
the antenna tuning circuit stores a plurality of antenna tuning signals and applies a single stored antenna tuning signal to the tunable antenna which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

63. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 62 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with a plurality of antenna tuning signals being stored for each band.

64. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 55 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit incrementally changes the stored amplifier tuning signal until the received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit reaches a maximum level and in response to the received signal strength indicator reaching a maximum level sets the antenna tuning signal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum level in receiving the specified channel.

65. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 64 wherein:
the antenna tuning circuit in producing the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum gain executes a recurring process of incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal, storing a resultant received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit, compares the resultant received signal strength indicator with a received signal strength indicator produced by the intermediate frequency circuit prior to incrementally changing the antenna tuning signal to determine if the incremental change in antenna tuning signal caused the resultant received signal strength indicator from the intermediate frequency circuit to increase; and repeats incremental changing of antenna tuning signal, storing and comparing the resultant and previous received signal strength indicators produced by the intermediate frequency circuit until the received signal strength indicator reaches the maximum.

66. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 65 wherein:
the RF receiver receives channels in at least one frequency band with each frequency band containing a plurality of channels;
the antenna tuning circuit stores a plurality of antenna tuning signals and applies a single stored antenna tuning signal to the tunable antenna which is a function of the channel specified by the applied channel tuning signal.

67. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 66 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with a plurality of antenna tuning signals being stored for each band.

68. A RF receiver which is tunable to at least one specified channel having a signal strength which varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
a tunable antenna which is tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to vary antenna gain for the specified channel;
a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving the specified channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the specified channel;
a circuit, coupled to the RF tuner for producing a received signal strength indicator which is proportional to a level of a signal within the receiver which is proportional to gain of the antenna;
an antenna tuning circuit, responsive to the received signal strength indicator and to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received, for generating the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum antenna gain for the received channel; and a controller controlling generation of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the specified channel.

AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 10 September 1990 (10.09.90 new claims 69-116 added;
other claims unchanged (14 pages)] -

67. A RF receiver in accordance with claim 66 wherein:
the channels to which the receiver is tunable are contained in a plurality of frequency bands with a plurality of antenna tuning signals being stored for each band.

68. A RF receiver which is tunable to at least one specified channel having a signal strength which varies as a result of variable antenna gain comprising:
a tunable antenna which is tunable in response to an antenna tuning signal to vary antenna gain for the specified channel;
a RF tuner, coupled to the tunable antenna, for receiving the specified channel in response to an applied channel tuning signal specifying reception of the specified channel;
a circuit, coupled to the RF tuner for producing a received signal strength indicator which is proportional to a level of a signal within the receiver which is proportional to gain of the antenna;
an antenna tuning circuit, responsive to the received signal strength indicator and to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received, for generating the antenna tuning signal which produces maximum antenna gain for the received channel; and a controller controlling generation of the applied channel tuning signal to cause the RF tuner to be tuned to receive the specified channel.

69. A method of tuning an antenna of an RF receiver comprising:
identifying a channel which is to be received by the RF receiver from a plurality of channels which may be received;
tuning a RF tuner to the channel which was identified; and tuning the antenna responsive to a strength of a signal received on the channel to which the tuner was tuned and a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received to produce a maximum antenna gain for the received channel.

70. A method in accordance with claim 69 wherein:
the stored antenna tuning signal produces an antenna gain less than the maximum gain;
the antenna tuning signal is changed from the stored antenna signal to change the gain of the antenna to produce a maximum strength of a signal received on the channel; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum strength to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

71. A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is incrementally changed until the maximum strength of signal is produced.

72. A method in accordance with claim 69 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

73. A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

74. A method in accordance with claim 71 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

75. A method in accordance with claim 69 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

76. A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

77. A method in accordance with claim 71 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

78. A method in accordance with claim 72 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

79. A method in accordance with claim 73 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

80. A method in accordance with claim 74 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

81. A method of tuning an antenna of an RF receiver comprising:
identifying a channel which is to be received by the RF receiver from a plurality of channels which may be received;
tuning a RF tuner to the channel which was identified; and tuning the antenna responsive to a stored antenna tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received to produce a maximum antenna gain for the received channel.

82. A method in accordance with claim 81 wherein:
the stored antenna tuning signal produces an antenna gain less than the maximum gain;
the antenna tuning signal is changed from the stored antenna signal to change the gain of the antenna to produce a maximum strength of a signal received on the channel; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum strength to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

83. A method in accordance with claim 82 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is incrementally changed until the maximum strength of signal is produced.

84. A method in accordance with claim 81 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

85. A method in accordance with claim 82 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

86. A method in accordancc with claim 83 wherein:
the antenna tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the antenna tuning signal is set equal to the antenna tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the antenna to produce maximum antenna gain.

87. A method in accordance with claim 81 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

88. A method in accordance with claim 82 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

89. A method in accordance with claim 83 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

90. A method in accordance with claim 84 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

91. A method in accordance with claim 85 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

92. A method in accordance with claim 86 wherein:
a plurality of antenna tuning signals are stored; and a single stored antenna tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

93. A method of tuning an amplifier of an RF receiver comprising:
identifying a channel which is to be received by the RF receiver from a plurality of channels which may be received;
tuning a RF tuner to the channel which was identified; and tuning the RF amplifier responsive to a strength of a signal received on the channel to which the tuner was tuned and a stored amplifier tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received to produce a maximum amplifier gain for the received channel.

94. A method in accordance with claim 93 wherein:
the stored amplifier tuning signal produces an amplifier gain less than the maximum gain;
the amplifier tuning signal is changed from the stored amplifier signal to change the gain of the amplifier to produce a maximum strength of a signal received on the channel; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum strength to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

95. A method in accordance with claim 94 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is incrementally changed until the maximum strength of signal is produced.

96. A method in accordance with claim 93 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum amplifier gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

97. A method in accordance with claim 94 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum antenna gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

98. A method in accordance with claim 95 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum amplifier gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

99. A method in accordance with claim 93 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

100. A method in accordance with claim 94 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

101. A method in accordance with claim 95 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

102. A method in accordance with claim 101 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

103. A method in accordance with claim 97 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

104. A method in accordance with claim 98 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

105. A method of tuning an amplifier of an RF receiver comprising:
identifying a channel which is to be received by the RF receiver from a plurality of channels which may be received;
tuning a RF tuner to the channel which was identified; and tuning the amplifier responsive to a stored amplifier tuning signal which is a function of the channel being received to produce a maximum amplifier gain for the received channel.

106. A method in accordance with claim 105 wherein:
the stored amplifier tuning signal produces an amplifier gain less than the maximum gain;
the amplifier tuning signal is changed from the stored amplifier signal to change the gain of the amplifier to produce a maximum strength of a signal received on the channel; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum strength to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

107. A method in accordance with claim 106 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is incrementally changed until the maximum strength of signal is produced.

108. A method in accordance with claim 105 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum amplifier gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

109. A method in accordance with claim 106 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum amplifier gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

110. A method in accordance with claim 107 wherein:
the amplifier tuning signal is changed to produce a maximum strength a plurality of different times; and the amplifier tuning signal is set equal to the amplifier tuning signal which produced the maximum amplifier gain during the plurality of different times that a maximum strength was produced to tune the amplifier to produce maximum amplifier gain.

111. A method in accordance with claim 10 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

112. A method in accordance with claim 106 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

113. A method in accordance with claim 107 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored: and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

114. A method in accordance with claim 106 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum antenna gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

115. A method in accordance with claim 109 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.

116. A method in accordance with claim 109 wherein:
a plurality of amplifier tuning signals are stored; and a single stored amplifier tuning signal is used for producing the maximum amplifier gain which is a function of the channel which was identified.