CA2048830A1 - Alkali metal ethyl benzene sulfonate containing developer composition - Google Patents
Alkali metal ethyl benzene sulfonate containing developer compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA2048830A1 CA2048830A1 CA 2048830 CA2048830A CA2048830A1 CA 2048830 A1 CA2048830 A1 CA 2048830A1 CA 2048830 CA2048830 CA 2048830 CA 2048830 A CA2048830 A CA 2048830A CA 2048830 A1 CA2048830 A1 CA 2048830A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- group
- weight
- developer
- potassium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- -1 Alkali metal ethyl benzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 30
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BRIXOPDYGQCZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylphenylsulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 BRIXOPDYGQCZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- MTFIDUSWGYDUKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)O.[K] Chemical compound C(C)C1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)O.[K] MTFIDUSWGYDUKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002306 glutamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 3
- UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical group [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KLYDBHUQNXKACI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-(2-tridecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O KLYDBHUQNXKACI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical compound [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000823778 Homo sapiens Y-box-binding protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- WOAHJDHKFWSLKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC=CC1=O WOAHJDHKFWSLKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(C)=C1 LXFQSRIDYRFTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WTQZSMDDRMKJRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-diazoniophenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 WTQZSMDDRMKJRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOBYPQKGZFMLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].CCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [K].CCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JOBYPQKGZFMLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008049 diazo compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QQHLTTSKCAWOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;8-methylnon-1-en-2-yloxybenzene Chemical compound CCO.CC(C)CCCCCC(=C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QQHLTTSKCAWOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940079842 sodium cumenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A composition capable of developing a lithographic printing plate containing benzyl alcohol; an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid; and water. A developer/finisher composition is prepared by additionally incorporating a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) or gum arabic colloidal resin.
A composition capable of developing a lithographic printing plate containing benzyl alcohol; an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid; and water. A developer/finisher composition is prepared by additionally incorporating a polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) or gum arabic colloidal resin.
Description
2 ~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to developer compositions for photographic elements comprising photosensitive coatings on substrates, or more particularly to developer compositions for removing the non-image areas o~ exposed, usually negative working, lithographic printing plates.
Lithographic printing plates generally are composed of an aluminum containiny substrate which may or may not have been treated with a variety of processes recognized in the art including anodization, graining and hydrophilization. The prepared substrate may then be applied with a photosensitivs coating comprisinq a photosensitizer, binding resins, colorants, acid stabilizers, surfactants and other art recognized components. Common photosensitizers include diazo compounds, including polymeric diazonium condensates salts and o-quinone diazides, and photopolymerizable~compositions. Sensitizers, binders and printing plates employing aromatic diazonium compounds are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,175,906; 3,046,118;
2,063,631; 2,667,415; 3,867,147 and 3,679,419 which are incorporated herein by reference.
It is also known in the art to prepare developing compositions for such lithographic printing plates. Developer compositions remove the non~image portion of the plate after it has been imagewise exposed. The developsr must additionally assure that ~ ~! L,~ 3 ~
the removed non-image particles of the photosensitive surface so they are not re-deposited back onto the plate.
In the past, various methods of developing printing plates have been employed. Such methods include the use of compositions containing organic solvents, surfactants, salts, acids and other art recognized materials in solution. Typical prior art developing compositions are described in U.S. 2,754,279;
4,381,340 and German OLS 2,21~,419. It is most desirable to have a developer composition which is capable of completing development in a short period of time. The oleophilic image areas of the printing plate should be ink receptive and water repellant whereas the hydrop~ilic non-image areas should remain water receptive and greasy ink repellant.
The proper selection of the solvent in a developer solution is very important. If the selected golvent in a developer solution is a good solvent of tha light sensitive composition itself, the solvent will not satisfactorily distinguish between the exposed areas and the unexposed areas. ~s a result, a large portion of the image area coating is dissolved in the solvent or is severely swollen and removed. Such printing plates have no practical value. By the addition of a large amount of water to reduce the concentration of the organic solv2nt in the developer solution, image differentiation can be improved. However, during the development of a printing plate, particularly in negative working - 2 ~
plates, nonimage areas comprising resin binders such as acetals, and particularly polyvinyl formal, solvate in the developer solution and separate from the support and contract to spherical shapes in a highly tacky condition. Such solvated particles may deposit upon still solvent wet image areas and adhere permanently even after drying. Not only are these "redeposited" areas visible to the naked eye on the developed printing plate but they are removed by tacky ink during printing which pulls away the true underimage, leaving skips which show as the absence of image on the printed sheet. A balance of developer properties is necessary where adequate speed of development is to be attained with a minimum of redeposited particles.
To provide a partial solution to the problem, volatile solvents are used in many prior art developer compositions. It was expected that the use of such volatile solvents in the developer solution will prevent tackiness in the image by permitting rapid evaporation. However, use of large amounts of water soluble, low boiling point Rolvents for example, as used in the developer described in U.S. Patent No. 3,954,472, produces the problems of working sanitation, hazards due to low flash point, and pollution. A raduction of the concentration of these water soluble low boiling point solvents helps to minimize these problems in the working environment, however, the speed of development will be adversely af~ected. Also the tackiness of the coating is reduced but not completely eliminated.
2 ~ 3 ~
To improve the speed of development of developer solutions containing a lower concentration of low boiling points solvents, an adjuvant organic solvent is sometimes added. Unfortunately, such developers suffer from several drawbacks including toxicity, developer instability, odor or inability to effectively clean out unwanted background non-image areas.
This objective has become particularly desirable with the advent of processing machines. In the use of developers in machines, problems arise in the etching and plating of the process as a result of the ingredi~nts of the developer. It is desired by this invention to provide a developer for both machine and hand development of lithographic printing plates having resin binders in their photosensitive coatings, which will enable the operator to prepare a plate substantially free from objectionable redeposit.
In order to achieve the optimum performance from lithographic printing plates, it is a common practice to have different developer compositions formulated for each printing plate type with different binders in their photosensitive compositions. It is also a common practice to have different developer compositions formulated for each printing plate with the same binder in their photosensitive compositions but coated on substrates which are grained mechanically and/or electrolytically..
2~$3~
The present invention improves upon the aforementioned drawbacks of other lithographic developers~ It provides a method for developing different types of printing plates with one single developer composition. The developer composition of this invention will also develop printing plates on both mechanically and electrolytically grained aluminum substrate with no substantial difference in ease of development.
It is desired by this invention to provide a developer for lithographic printing plates which will enable the operator to prepare a plate substantially free from objectionable redeposit, *oaming and further having a reduced solvent odor and having a higher flash point while simultaneously achieving commercially acceptable removal of non-imaged areas for an extremely long developer life. The developer has a good balance of activity.
It is neither too aggressive, nor does it require a long development time while simultaneously being capable of developing a wide range o~ plate types which have a varied photosensitive composition. It is know~ to produce developers for lithographic printing plates which contain benzyl alcohol. It is also known to produce developers which contain sulfonic acids such as sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate and/or potassium tolu~ne sulfonate. The developer of this invention improves over these developers and shows excellent development latitude, and less image attack.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to developer compositions for photographic elements comprising photosensitive coatings on substrates, or more particularly to developer compositions for removing the non-image areas o~ exposed, usually negative working, lithographic printing plates.
Lithographic printing plates generally are composed of an aluminum containiny substrate which may or may not have been treated with a variety of processes recognized in the art including anodization, graining and hydrophilization. The prepared substrate may then be applied with a photosensitivs coating comprisinq a photosensitizer, binding resins, colorants, acid stabilizers, surfactants and other art recognized components. Common photosensitizers include diazo compounds, including polymeric diazonium condensates salts and o-quinone diazides, and photopolymerizable~compositions. Sensitizers, binders and printing plates employing aromatic diazonium compounds are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,175,906; 3,046,118;
2,063,631; 2,667,415; 3,867,147 and 3,679,419 which are incorporated herein by reference.
It is also known in the art to prepare developing compositions for such lithographic printing plates. Developer compositions remove the non~image portion of the plate after it has been imagewise exposed. The developsr must additionally assure that ~ ~! L,~ 3 ~
the removed non-image particles of the photosensitive surface so they are not re-deposited back onto the plate.
In the past, various methods of developing printing plates have been employed. Such methods include the use of compositions containing organic solvents, surfactants, salts, acids and other art recognized materials in solution. Typical prior art developing compositions are described in U.S. 2,754,279;
4,381,340 and German OLS 2,21~,419. It is most desirable to have a developer composition which is capable of completing development in a short period of time. The oleophilic image areas of the printing plate should be ink receptive and water repellant whereas the hydrop~ilic non-image areas should remain water receptive and greasy ink repellant.
The proper selection of the solvent in a developer solution is very important. If the selected golvent in a developer solution is a good solvent of tha light sensitive composition itself, the solvent will not satisfactorily distinguish between the exposed areas and the unexposed areas. ~s a result, a large portion of the image area coating is dissolved in the solvent or is severely swollen and removed. Such printing plates have no practical value. By the addition of a large amount of water to reduce the concentration of the organic solv2nt in the developer solution, image differentiation can be improved. However, during the development of a printing plate, particularly in negative working - 2 ~
plates, nonimage areas comprising resin binders such as acetals, and particularly polyvinyl formal, solvate in the developer solution and separate from the support and contract to spherical shapes in a highly tacky condition. Such solvated particles may deposit upon still solvent wet image areas and adhere permanently even after drying. Not only are these "redeposited" areas visible to the naked eye on the developed printing plate but they are removed by tacky ink during printing which pulls away the true underimage, leaving skips which show as the absence of image on the printed sheet. A balance of developer properties is necessary where adequate speed of development is to be attained with a minimum of redeposited particles.
To provide a partial solution to the problem, volatile solvents are used in many prior art developer compositions. It was expected that the use of such volatile solvents in the developer solution will prevent tackiness in the image by permitting rapid evaporation. However, use of large amounts of water soluble, low boiling point Rolvents for example, as used in the developer described in U.S. Patent No. 3,954,472, produces the problems of working sanitation, hazards due to low flash point, and pollution. A raduction of the concentration of these water soluble low boiling point solvents helps to minimize these problems in the working environment, however, the speed of development will be adversely af~ected. Also the tackiness of the coating is reduced but not completely eliminated.
2 ~ 3 ~
To improve the speed of development of developer solutions containing a lower concentration of low boiling points solvents, an adjuvant organic solvent is sometimes added. Unfortunately, such developers suffer from several drawbacks including toxicity, developer instability, odor or inability to effectively clean out unwanted background non-image areas.
This objective has become particularly desirable with the advent of processing machines. In the use of developers in machines, problems arise in the etching and plating of the process as a result of the ingredi~nts of the developer. It is desired by this invention to provide a developer for both machine and hand development of lithographic printing plates having resin binders in their photosensitive coatings, which will enable the operator to prepare a plate substantially free from objectionable redeposit.
In order to achieve the optimum performance from lithographic printing plates, it is a common practice to have different developer compositions formulated for each printing plate type with different binders in their photosensitive compositions. It is also a common practice to have different developer compositions formulated for each printing plate with the same binder in their photosensitive compositions but coated on substrates which are grained mechanically and/or electrolytically..
2~$3~
The present invention improves upon the aforementioned drawbacks of other lithographic developers~ It provides a method for developing different types of printing plates with one single developer composition. The developer composition of this invention will also develop printing plates on both mechanically and electrolytically grained aluminum substrate with no substantial difference in ease of development.
It is desired by this invention to provide a developer for lithographic printing plates which will enable the operator to prepare a plate substantially free from objectionable redeposit, *oaming and further having a reduced solvent odor and having a higher flash point while simultaneously achieving commercially acceptable removal of non-imaged areas for an extremely long developer life. The developer has a good balance of activity.
It is neither too aggressive, nor does it require a long development time while simultaneously being capable of developing a wide range o~ plate types which have a varied photosensitive composition. It is know~ to produce developers for lithographic printing plates which contain benzyl alcohol. It is also known to produce developers which contain sulfonic acids such as sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate and/or potassium tolu~ne sulfonate. The developer of this invention improves over these developers and shows excellent development latitude, and less image attack.
3 ~
The invention also provides a combination developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates. Desensitizing finishers are known in the art. Efforts have been made to prepare developer/finishers which, as the name suggests, develop and prspare a plate for the printing press or for storage in a single operation. This objective has become particularly desirable with the advent of processing machines. Examples of such solutions include U.S. Pat. No. 2,754,279 and German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,216,419. The latter two patents describe two-phase developer/finishers. In the use of both developers and developer/~inishers in machines, problems arise in the etching and plating of the process as a result of the ingredients of the developer or developer/finisher. As noted, attempts have been made in the past to prepare single composition developer/finishers, however, these suffer from drawbacks such as incompatibility o~ the componentsi. In general, one cannot simply mix a developer and a finisher to obtain a useful developer/finisher. Developer compositions remove the non-image portion of the plate after it has been imagewise exposed. A
finisher must function to desensitize the non-imaye areas to assure that they will not accept greasy ink upon printing. The ~inisher also prevents oxidation of the background areas of the plate during storage or while waiting for press mounting. The finisher must also be quickly removable from the plate so that it will not cause production delays. Typically the finisher must be ~ 6~
quickly removable by a water rinse or most preferably must be removable by the fountain solution used on the press. Quick rollup is then essential in order to prevent paper waste and reduced production time. The developer/finisher should also assist in binding removed non-image particles of the photosensitive surface so they are not re-deposited back onto the plate. It has been found that the developer of this invention may be used in conjunction with such film forming colloids as gum arabic or polyvinyl pyrrolidone to produce an effective one step developer/finisher composition.
3 ~
~ ummary of the Invention The invention provides a composition and method for preparing a photoyraphic element which comprises imagewise exposing a photographic element comprising a light sensitive photographic composition disposed on a substrate and then removing the non-image areas o~ said exposed element with an aqueous developer consisting essentially of, in admixture:
a) from at least about 5~ to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acids; and ~) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
The invention also provides a developing and finishing composition fcr lithographic printing plates which consists essentially o~ in admixture: ' a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) ~rom about 1% to about 45% by we.ight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly~methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and 3 ~ ~
d) suf.~icient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
The developer may optionally contain salts, anti-oxidants and an anionic or non-ionic surfactant.
~ g~3~
Detailed,Description of the Preferred Embodiment As the first step in the production of negative working photographic elements such as lithographic printing plates, a sheet substrate such as aluminum compositions suitable for the manufacture of lithographic printing plates such as, Alcoa 3303 and Alcoa 1100, which may or may not have been pretreated by standard mechanical or electrolytic graining and/or etching and/or anodizing techniques as are well known in the art, and also may or may not have been treated with a composition, such as polyvinyl phosphonic acid, suitable for use as a hydrophilizing layer for lithographic plates is coated with a light sensitive polymeric diazonium salt, quinone diazide or photopolymer containing composition. Such compositions may also contain binding resins, such as polyvinyl acetal or polyvinyl formal resins, novolaks, polyurethanes, poly~inyl acetates, styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers, colorants, acid stabilizers, surfactants, exposure indicators or other art recognized ingredient~. A mixture of ingredients is usually prepared in a solvent composition which is compatible with all the other composition ingredients. ~he light sensitive composition is then coated on the substrate and the solvent evaporated. The dried photosensitive sheet material is then exposed to a suitable radiation source through a mask or transparency, and the exposed sheet then developed ~or removal of the non-image photosensitive materials.
3 ~
Diaæonium compounds most commonly employed in the preparation of light sensitive compositions suitable for the present application may be characterized by the generic structure A-N2+X-, wherein A
is an aromatic or heterocyclic residue and X is the anion of an acid. Specific examples of light sensitive diazonium materials useful as aforementioned include higher molecular weight compositions obtained, for example, by the condensation of certain aromatic diazonium salts in an acid condensation of certain aromatic carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,063,631 and 2,667,4415. A preferred class of diazonium compounds is described in U.S. Patent 3,~49,392. A most preferred diazonium sal~ is the polycondensation product of 3-methoxy-4-diazo-diphenyl amine sulfate and 4,4'-bis-methoxy methyl-diphenyl ether, precipitated as the mesitylene sulfonate, as taught in U.S. 3.848,392.
Suitable photopolymerizable compositions are well known to the skilled artisan.
The alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid of choice is potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid. It is pre~erably present in the developer in an amount ranging from about 1~ to about 45%
by weight o~ the overall composition. It is more preferably present in an amount of from about 5% to about 45%.
The benzyl alcohol component is preferably present in the aqueous -mixture in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 30%, more preferably from about 8~ to about 25~ and most preferably from about 10~ to about 15~ by weight of the overall composition.
In a preferred embodiment the composition also contains at least one salt selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, citrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates. The salt component is present in the developer in the amount of from about 0.1% to about lO~ by weight of the developer. Preferably it is present in an amount of from about .1% to about 3% and more preferably from about .1% to about 1%.
In the preferred embodiment, the developer of the present invention preferably contains optional minor amounts of ingredients which aid in processing of the printing plate. Such ingredients include anti-oxidants,inon-ionic or anionic surfactants and other art recogni~ed components such as anti-foam compounds. Anti-oxidants are present to prevent the benzyl alcohol from converting to benzaldehyde.
Useful anti-oxidants non-exclusively include 2,6-di-tertiary butyl paracresol, available commercially as Ionol from Shell Chemical Co., Houston, Texas; tetra-kis[methylene~3,5-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy hydrocinnamate)]methane, available as Irganox 1010 ~rom Ciba Geigy; and 3,4,5 trihydroxy benzoic acid propyl ~ e~ ~3 ester, available as propyl gallate from Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
The anti-oxidant, when one is employed, is preferably present in an amount ranging from about .005 to about .2%, more preferably from about .01 to about .05~ by weight of the overall composition.
The composition preferably further contains at least one anionic, or non-ionic surfactant. The sur~actant component is present in the developer in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 2% by weight of the developer, preferably from about .5~ to about 1%.
Preferred surfactants non-exclusively include:
nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol polyoxyethylene nonosorbitan oleate tridecylalcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene~ethanol decyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol decylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy ethylene ethanol These surfactants are more fully described in U.S. ~,381,340 which is incorporated herein by reference.
3 ~
The most preferred surfactants for this invention are octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, available as Triton TX-lOO from Rohm ~ Haas, Philadelphia, Pa.: and tridecyl~lcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol, available as Trycol OP407 from Emery Industries, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Examples of anionic surfactants non-exclusively include ammonium, potassium and sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium tridecyl ether sulfate. The composition then contains sufficient water, preferably soft or deionized water to formulate an effective developer. The developer is capable of substantially completely removing the non-image areas of a photographic element in about 2 minutes or less while simultaneously removing substantially none of the exposed image areas. Substantially none of the material comprising said removed non-image areas is re-deposited back onto said photographic element.
In the preparation of a developer/finisher, the foregoing prepared developer additionally contains from about 0.1% to about 10.0~ by weight of one or more water soluble colloidal resins.
~hese are preferably selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid3 and gum arabic. A more preferred range is from about 0.5%
to about 5.0~ and most preferably from about 1.0~ to about 3.0%.
2 ~ ~ .5~
The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Example 1 An EncoR N-50 printing plate, and an EncoR N-500 printing plate on an electrolyti~ally grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. Such plates are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey and use a photosensitive coating comprising a polyvinyl formal resin and a diazonium salt described in U.S. Patent 3,849,392. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a customary developing machine filled with the following developer composition:
Parts by Weiqht Soft water 28.20 Potassium ethylbenzene sulfonate (in water; 42.84%) 60.00 Benzyl alcohol 10.82 Triton X-100 (surfactant) 0.77 Sodium benzoate 0.20 DBPC (anti ~ 0.01 Both ~he N-S0 plate and the N-500 plate are developed cleanly to give printing plate~ with sati~factory lithographic quality.
3 ~
Example_2 An EncoR PSP printing plate is imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. Such plates are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey. The thusly exposed plate is processed in a customary developing machine filled with the following developer composition:
Parts bv Weiaht Soft water 28.20 Potassium ethylbenzene sulfonate tin water; 42.84%) 60.00 Benzyl alcohol 10.82 Triton X-100 (surfactant)0.77 Sodium benzoate 0.20 : ¦~h~ DBPC tanti ~ ~ 0.01 /
The PSP plate is developed cleanly to give printing plates with satis~actory lithographic quality.
- Example 3 tcomparativeL
An EncoR N-25 printing plate on a mechanically slurry grained aluminum substrate and an EncoR N~500 printing plate on an electrolytically grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled 3 ~1 artisan. Such plates are com~ercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey and use a photosensitive coating comprising a polyvinyl formal resin and a diazonium salt described in U.S. Patent 3,849,392. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a customary developing machine ~illed with the following developer composition:
Weiqht water 60.50 potassium toluene sulfonate 29.00 benzyl alcohol . 10.50 .
Although the N-25 plate can be developed satisfactorily, the image on the N-500 plate cannot be developed cleanly. Plugging in the screen area is evident.
Example 4 (Com~arativ~
An EncoR N-25 prlnting plate on a mechanically slurry grained aluminum substrate and an EncoR N-500 printing plate on an electrolytically grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a custo~ary developing machlne filled with the following developer compo~ition.
Weiqht .
water 60.50 sodium xylene sulfonate 29.00 benzyl alcohol 10.50 Although the N-500 plate can be de~eloped satisfactorily, the image on the N-25 plate is totally washed off.
The invention also provides a combination developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates. Desensitizing finishers are known in the art. Efforts have been made to prepare developer/finishers which, as the name suggests, develop and prspare a plate for the printing press or for storage in a single operation. This objective has become particularly desirable with the advent of processing machines. Examples of such solutions include U.S. Pat. No. 2,754,279 and German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,216,419. The latter two patents describe two-phase developer/finishers. In the use of both developers and developer/~inishers in machines, problems arise in the etching and plating of the process as a result of the ingredients of the developer or developer/finisher. As noted, attempts have been made in the past to prepare single composition developer/finishers, however, these suffer from drawbacks such as incompatibility o~ the componentsi. In general, one cannot simply mix a developer and a finisher to obtain a useful developer/finisher. Developer compositions remove the non-image portion of the plate after it has been imagewise exposed. A
finisher must function to desensitize the non-imaye areas to assure that they will not accept greasy ink upon printing. The ~inisher also prevents oxidation of the background areas of the plate during storage or while waiting for press mounting. The finisher must also be quickly removable from the plate so that it will not cause production delays. Typically the finisher must be ~ 6~
quickly removable by a water rinse or most preferably must be removable by the fountain solution used on the press. Quick rollup is then essential in order to prevent paper waste and reduced production time. The developer/finisher should also assist in binding removed non-image particles of the photosensitive surface so they are not re-deposited back onto the plate. It has been found that the developer of this invention may be used in conjunction with such film forming colloids as gum arabic or polyvinyl pyrrolidone to produce an effective one step developer/finisher composition.
3 ~
~ ummary of the Invention The invention provides a composition and method for preparing a photoyraphic element which comprises imagewise exposing a photographic element comprising a light sensitive photographic composition disposed on a substrate and then removing the non-image areas o~ said exposed element with an aqueous developer consisting essentially of, in admixture:
a) from at least about 5~ to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acids; and ~) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
The invention also provides a developing and finishing composition fcr lithographic printing plates which consists essentially o~ in admixture: ' a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) ~rom about 1% to about 45% by we.ight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly~methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and 3 ~ ~
d) suf.~icient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
The developer may optionally contain salts, anti-oxidants and an anionic or non-ionic surfactant.
~ g~3~
Detailed,Description of the Preferred Embodiment As the first step in the production of negative working photographic elements such as lithographic printing plates, a sheet substrate such as aluminum compositions suitable for the manufacture of lithographic printing plates such as, Alcoa 3303 and Alcoa 1100, which may or may not have been pretreated by standard mechanical or electrolytic graining and/or etching and/or anodizing techniques as are well known in the art, and also may or may not have been treated with a composition, such as polyvinyl phosphonic acid, suitable for use as a hydrophilizing layer for lithographic plates is coated with a light sensitive polymeric diazonium salt, quinone diazide or photopolymer containing composition. Such compositions may also contain binding resins, such as polyvinyl acetal or polyvinyl formal resins, novolaks, polyurethanes, poly~inyl acetates, styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers, colorants, acid stabilizers, surfactants, exposure indicators or other art recognized ingredient~. A mixture of ingredients is usually prepared in a solvent composition which is compatible with all the other composition ingredients. ~he light sensitive composition is then coated on the substrate and the solvent evaporated. The dried photosensitive sheet material is then exposed to a suitable radiation source through a mask or transparency, and the exposed sheet then developed ~or removal of the non-image photosensitive materials.
3 ~
Diaæonium compounds most commonly employed in the preparation of light sensitive compositions suitable for the present application may be characterized by the generic structure A-N2+X-, wherein A
is an aromatic or heterocyclic residue and X is the anion of an acid. Specific examples of light sensitive diazonium materials useful as aforementioned include higher molecular weight compositions obtained, for example, by the condensation of certain aromatic diazonium salts in an acid condensation of certain aromatic carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,063,631 and 2,667,4415. A preferred class of diazonium compounds is described in U.S. Patent 3,~49,392. A most preferred diazonium sal~ is the polycondensation product of 3-methoxy-4-diazo-diphenyl amine sulfate and 4,4'-bis-methoxy methyl-diphenyl ether, precipitated as the mesitylene sulfonate, as taught in U.S. 3.848,392.
Suitable photopolymerizable compositions are well known to the skilled artisan.
The alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid of choice is potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid. It is pre~erably present in the developer in an amount ranging from about 1~ to about 45%
by weight o~ the overall composition. It is more preferably present in an amount of from about 5% to about 45%.
The benzyl alcohol component is preferably present in the aqueous -mixture in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 30%, more preferably from about 8~ to about 25~ and most preferably from about 10~ to about 15~ by weight of the overall composition.
In a preferred embodiment the composition also contains at least one salt selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, citrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates. The salt component is present in the developer in the amount of from about 0.1% to about lO~ by weight of the developer. Preferably it is present in an amount of from about .1% to about 3% and more preferably from about .1% to about 1%.
In the preferred embodiment, the developer of the present invention preferably contains optional minor amounts of ingredients which aid in processing of the printing plate. Such ingredients include anti-oxidants,inon-ionic or anionic surfactants and other art recogni~ed components such as anti-foam compounds. Anti-oxidants are present to prevent the benzyl alcohol from converting to benzaldehyde.
Useful anti-oxidants non-exclusively include 2,6-di-tertiary butyl paracresol, available commercially as Ionol from Shell Chemical Co., Houston, Texas; tetra-kis[methylene~3,5-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy hydrocinnamate)]methane, available as Irganox 1010 ~rom Ciba Geigy; and 3,4,5 trihydroxy benzoic acid propyl ~ e~ ~3 ester, available as propyl gallate from Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
The anti-oxidant, when one is employed, is preferably present in an amount ranging from about .005 to about .2%, more preferably from about .01 to about .05~ by weight of the overall composition.
The composition preferably further contains at least one anionic, or non-ionic surfactant. The sur~actant component is present in the developer in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 2% by weight of the developer, preferably from about .5~ to about 1%.
Preferred surfactants non-exclusively include:
nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol polyoxyethylene nonosorbitan oleate tridecylalcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene~ethanol decyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol decylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol isooctyl phenoxy ethylene ethanol These surfactants are more fully described in U.S. ~,381,340 which is incorporated herein by reference.
3 ~
The most preferred surfactants for this invention are octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, available as Triton TX-lOO from Rohm ~ Haas, Philadelphia, Pa.: and tridecyl~lcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol, available as Trycol OP407 from Emery Industries, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Examples of anionic surfactants non-exclusively include ammonium, potassium and sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium tridecyl ether sulfate. The composition then contains sufficient water, preferably soft or deionized water to formulate an effective developer. The developer is capable of substantially completely removing the non-image areas of a photographic element in about 2 minutes or less while simultaneously removing substantially none of the exposed image areas. Substantially none of the material comprising said removed non-image areas is re-deposited back onto said photographic element.
In the preparation of a developer/finisher, the foregoing prepared developer additionally contains from about 0.1% to about 10.0~ by weight of one or more water soluble colloidal resins.
~hese are preferably selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid3 and gum arabic. A more preferred range is from about 0.5%
to about 5.0~ and most preferably from about 1.0~ to about 3.0%.
2 ~ ~ .5~
The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Example 1 An EncoR N-50 printing plate, and an EncoR N-500 printing plate on an electrolyti~ally grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. Such plates are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey and use a photosensitive coating comprising a polyvinyl formal resin and a diazonium salt described in U.S. Patent 3,849,392. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a customary developing machine filled with the following developer composition:
Parts by Weiqht Soft water 28.20 Potassium ethylbenzene sulfonate (in water; 42.84%) 60.00 Benzyl alcohol 10.82 Triton X-100 (surfactant) 0.77 Sodium benzoate 0.20 DBPC (anti ~ 0.01 Both ~he N-S0 plate and the N-500 plate are developed cleanly to give printing plate~ with sati~factory lithographic quality.
3 ~
Example_2 An EncoR PSP printing plate is imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. Such plates are commercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey. The thusly exposed plate is processed in a customary developing machine filled with the following developer composition:
Parts bv Weiaht Soft water 28.20 Potassium ethylbenzene sulfonate tin water; 42.84%) 60.00 Benzyl alcohol 10.82 Triton X-100 (surfactant)0.77 Sodium benzoate 0.20 : ¦~h~ DBPC tanti ~ ~ 0.01 /
The PSP plate is developed cleanly to give printing plates with satis~actory lithographic quality.
- Example 3 tcomparativeL
An EncoR N-25 printing plate on a mechanically slurry grained aluminum substrate and an EncoR N~500 printing plate on an electrolytically grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled 3 ~1 artisan. Such plates are com~ercially available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Somerville, New Jersey and use a photosensitive coating comprising a polyvinyl formal resin and a diazonium salt described in U.S. Patent 3,849,392. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a customary developing machine ~illed with the following developer composition:
Weiqht water 60.50 potassium toluene sulfonate 29.00 benzyl alcohol . 10.50 .
Although the N-25 plate can be developed satisfactorily, the image on the N-500 plate cannot be developed cleanly. Plugging in the screen area is evident.
Example 4 (Com~arativ~
An EncoR N-25 prlnting plate on a mechanically slurry grained aluminum substrate and an EncoR N-500 printing plate on an electrolytically grained aluminum substrate are imagewise exposed to actinic radiation in a manner well known to the skilled artisan. The thusly exposed plates are processed in a custo~ary developing machlne filled with the following developer compo~ition.
Weiqht .
water 60.50 sodium xylene sulfonate 29.00 benzyl alcohol 10.50 Although the N-500 plate can be de~eloped satisfactorily, the image on the N-25 plate is totally washed off.
Claims (30)
1. A composition capable of removing the non-image areas of an imagewise exposed photographic element, consisting essentially of in admixture:
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acids; and c) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acids; and c) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein component (b) comprises potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid.
3. The composition of claim 1 further consisting essentially of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidants, salts, anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants and anti-foam agents.
4. The composition of claim 1 further containing one or more salts selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, oitrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein said salt is present in an amount of from about .1% to about 3% by weight.
6. The composition of claim l further containing one or more anti-oxidants selected from the group consisting of 2,6 di tertiary butyl paracresol; tetra-kis[methylene(3,5-di-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy hydrocinnamate)] methane; and 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein said anti-oxidant is present in an amount of from about .005% to about .2% by weight.
8. The composition of claim 1 further containing one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, and tridecylalcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein said surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about .1% to about 2% by weight.
10. The composition of claim 1 further containing from about .1%
to about 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant.
to about 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, potassium and sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium tridecyl ether sulfate.
12. A method for preparing a photographic element which comprises imagewise exposing a photographic element, and removing the non-image areas thereof by contacting said element with a composition consisting essentially of in admixture:
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid; and c) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid; and c) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein component (b) comprises potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid.
14. The method of claim 12 further consisting essentially of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidants, salts, anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants and anti-foam agents.
15. The method of claim 1 further containing one or more salts selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, citrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates.
16. A developing and finishing composition for lithographic printing plates which comprises in admixture:
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of the composition of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and d) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of the composition of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and d) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
17. The composition of claim 16 wherein component (b) comprises potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid.
18. The composition of claim 16 further consisting essentially of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidants, salts, anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants and anti-foam agents.
19. The composition of claim 16 further containing one or more salts selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, citrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates.
20. The composition of claim 16 wherein said salt is present in an amount of from about .1% to about 3% by weight.
21. The composition of claim 16 further containing one or more anti-oxidants selected from the group consisting of 2,6 di tertiary butyl paracresol; tetra-kis[methylene(3,5-di-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy hydrocinnamate)] methane; and 3,4,5-trihydroxy benzoic acid propyl ester.
22. The composition of claim 21 wherein said anti-oxidant is present in an amount of from about .005% to about .2% by weight.
23. The composition of claim 16 further containing one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, and tridecylalcohol polyoxyethylene ethanol.
24. The compositlon of claim 23 wherein said surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about .1% to about 2% by weight.
25. The composition of claim 16 further containing from about 1%
to about 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant.
to about 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant.
26. The composition of claim 25 wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, potassium and sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium tridecyl ether sulfate.
27. A method of treating a photographic element which comprises imagewise exposing a positive working or negative working photographic element to sufficient actinic radiation to fsrm a latent image thereon, and then removing the non-image portions thereof and finishing said element with a developing and finishing composition comprising in admixture a) from at least about 5% to about 30% by weight benzyl alcohol;
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of the composition of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and d) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
and b) from about 1% to about 45% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ethylbenzene sulfonic acid, and c) from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight of the composition of one or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, poly(methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) and gum arabic; and d) sufficient water to formulate an effective developer/finisher composition for lithographic printing plates.
28. The method of claim 27 wherein component (b) comprises potassium ethylbenzene sulfonic acid.
29. The method of claim 27 further consisting essentially of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of anti-oxidants, salts, anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants and anti-foam agents.
30. The method of claim 27 further containing one or more salts selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, borates, acetates, sulfates, citrates, sulfites, tartarates, oxalates, formates, propionates, succinates, glutamates and benzoates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57057190A | 1990-08-21 | 1990-08-21 | |
| US07/570,571 | 1990-08-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2048830A1 true CA2048830A1 (en) | 1992-02-22 |
Family
ID=24280170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2048830 Abandoned CA2048830A1 (en) | 1990-08-21 | 1991-08-08 | Alkali metal ethyl benzene sulfonate containing developer composition |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2048830A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4126342A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2690497A1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-01-29 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polymer-containing developer |
-
1991
- 1991-08-08 CA CA 2048830 patent/CA2048830A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-08-09 DE DE19914126342 patent/DE4126342A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2690497A1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-01-29 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polymer-containing developer |
| EP2690497A4 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-08-20 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Polymer-containing developer |
| US9753369B2 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2017-09-05 | Nissan Chemical Idustries, Ltd. | Polymer-containing developer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4126342A1 (en) | 1992-02-27 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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