CA2048803A1 - Cased telescoped ammunition - Google Patents
Cased telescoped ammunitionInfo
- Publication number
- CA2048803A1 CA2048803A1 CA002048803A CA2048803A CA2048803A1 CA 2048803 A1 CA2048803 A1 CA 2048803A1 CA 002048803 A CA002048803 A CA 002048803A CA 2048803 A CA2048803 A CA 2048803A CA 2048803 A1 CA2048803 A1 CA 2048803A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- round
- sabot
- control tube
- cased telescoped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/045—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile of telescopic type
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
Dct. No. 62-AR-2306 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A simplified cased telescoped round of ammunition utilizing a control tube for (i) a full bore projectile or (ii) an APDS sabot projectile (i.e., not a long rod sabot projectile), and to provide such a cased telescoped round of minimalized length. A cased telescoped round with a minimalized number of parts to make up the assembly and wherein the control tube is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile. A cased telescoped round with an APDS sabot projectile with minimalized potential balloting and minimalized control tube launch stroke length. A cased telescoped round having a control tube which is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile against loose forward movement.
A simplified cased telescoped round of ammunition utilizing a control tube for (i) a full bore projectile or (ii) an APDS sabot projectile (i.e., not a long rod sabot projectile), and to provide such a cased telescoped round of minimalized length. A cased telescoped round with a minimalized number of parts to make up the assembly and wherein the control tube is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile. A cased telescoped round with an APDS sabot projectile with minimalized potential balloting and minimalized control tube launch stroke length. A cased telescoped round having a control tube which is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile against loose forward movement.
Description
2 ~
Dct. No. 52-AR-230Ç
CASED TELESCOPED AMMUNITIC)N
Field Of The Invention .
This invention relates to cased telescoped am-munition utilizing a "control tube" to provide an initial forward displacement of the projectile from 5the case into the gun barrel prior to the subsequent ig~ition of the main charge which propells the projectile along the length of the gun barrel.
.
Background Of The Invention Cased telescoped ammunition utilizing control tubes are well known, and are shown, for example, in:
U.S. 4,938,145, issued July 3, 1990 to W.E. Martwick;
U.S. 4,907,510, issued March 13, 1990 to W.E.
Martwick, et al;
U.S. 4,846,069, issued July 11, 1989 to B.8. Tasson, et al;
U.5. 4,803,927, issued Feb. 14, 1989 to W.J.
Washburn;
U.S. 4,782,758, issued Nov. 8, 1988 to W.J. washburn;
U.S. 4,691,638, issued Sept. 8, 1987 to D.A. Meyer, et al; and 2 0 '~ 3 Dct. No. 52--AR~2306 U.S. 4,604,954, issued Aug. 12, 1986 to S.E. Clarke, et al.
Cased telescoped ammunition not utilizing control tubes are also well known, and are shown, ~or example, in:
U.S. 3,009,394, issued Nov. 21, 1961 to E.A. Kamp, et al.
The use of sabot projectiles having fin stabi-lized long rod penetrators in cased telescoped ammu-nition is also known, as shown in U.S. 4,846,069, mentioned above. Other sabot projectiles are shown, for example, in:
U.SO 4,881,466, issued Nov. 21, I989 to J.E.
McGinley;
U.S. 4,776,280, issued Oct. 11, 1988 to J. ~urri, et al:
U.S. 3,714,900, issued Feb. 6, 1973 to F.K. Feldman and U.S. 3,496,869, issued Feb. 24, 1970 to W. Engel.
It will be noted that the sabots are not of -full bore dimension at the forward end of the sabot and penetrator ossembly, It will also be noted that the use o~ spin stabilized penetrators in a sabot projectile in a cased telescoped round is not shown.
~ o ~
Dct. No. 52-A~-~306 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object o this invention is to provide a simplified cased telescoped round of ammunition uti-lizing a control tube for (i) a full bore projectile or (ii) an APDS sabot projectile (i.e., not a long rod sabot projectile.) Another object is to provide such a cased telescoped round of minimalized length.
Yet another object is to provide such a cased tele~coped round with a minimalized number of parts to make up the assembly and wherein the control tube i5 integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile.
Still another object is to provide such a cased telescoped round with an APDS sabot projectile with minimalized potential balloting and minimalized control tube launch strQke length.
A feature of this invention is a cased tele-scoped round having a control tube which is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile against loose forward movement.
, . . ..
~ f;,~ ,f~fJ
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
These and other objects, features and advantages o~ the invention will be apparent from the following specification thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a controi tube and a full bore projectile of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a control tube and a full bore projectile in a first embodiment of the inven-tion; and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a control tube and an APDS sabot projectile in a second embodiment of the invention.
` 2~8~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 DETAI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Reference is first made to the prior art round shown in FIG. 1. This round 10 is comprised of a metal case 12 which is clipped to and between a front seal 14 and an aft seal 16. A control tube 18 is S fixed into a longitudinal bore 20 in the aft seal.
The tube 18 has an aft bore portion 22 in which is fixed a primer 24, an intermediate flash passageway 26, and a forward bore portion 2~ in which is ~ixed a booster charge 30. An annular aft main charge 32 and an annular forward main charge 34 support these be-tween a frangible retainer ~6 which is clipped into a groove 38 in the base portion of a full bore pro-jectile 40 (HEI, API or TP). The projectile has a piston 42 extending aftwardly from its base portion into the forward bore portion 28 of the control tube.
The projectile has a rotating band 44 to provide spin stabilization. The front seal has a longitudinal bore 46 therein which will pass the projectile and which is closed by a frangible disc 48.
In operation, the primer 2g is percussed to provide ignition gas to the booster charge 30 which generates .
,, .
, :
-; 2 ~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 an initial volume of hot combustion gas. The gas acts against the aft surface of the piston 42 to moYe the projectile forwardly, fracturing the retainer 36 and the disc 48, and into the gun barrel. When the aft end of the piston exits the forward end of the control tube, the hot combus~ion gas from the booster vents rom the tube to ignite the forward and aft main charges, which generate the main volume of combustion gas to progressively fully seat the projectile in the barrel~ engrave the ro~ating band, and send the projectile along the lenqth of the gun barrel and out the muzzle.
It will be appreciated that (i) the length of such a round must accomodate the length of the pis-ton, (ii) there are many parts to assemble in fabri-cating thc round, and (iii) the piston displaces the center of gravity of the projectile undesirably aftwards, induces parasitic aerodynamics, and makes no useful contribution of fragme`nts when the HEI
pro~ectile impacts the target.
A much shorter and simpler round is shown in FI&. 2 as a first embodiment of the present inven-tion. This round lO0 is comprised of a case 112 (here shown as metal, but which may be nonmetallic) - ~ ~ f~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 which is clipped to and between a front seal 114 and an aft seal 116 which also serves as a full caliber control tube and a projectile retention device.
Alternatively, the case 112 may be integral with the aft seal 116. The main charge 118 is a single tube having a longitudinal bore having a forward portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the rotating band 120 on the projectile 122, and an aft portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the control tube portion 116A of the aft seal 116.
The forward-most margin of the control tube portion has an annular crimp 124 which fits into an annular groove 126 in the projectile 122 aft of the rotating band. The aft seal 116 also has a cup 116B formed therein which receives a primer 128, and a flash passageway 130 which leads into the interior of the control tube portion which receives the booster charges 132. The annular crimp 124 is formed after the booster and the projectile have been inserted into the control tube portion in the same manner that the neck of a conventional cartridge case is crimped onto a projectile. ~he ~EI projectile will include a fuze, which may be of the type shown in U.S.
4,242,963, is~ued Jan. 6, 1981 to R.T. Ziemba. The -: 2 ~ L~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 case joins the seals with snap-in features, not shown, which may be of the type shown in U.S.
4,591,63a, m~ntioned previously. Thus, the raund is made up o~ seven parts: projectile, primer, booster charge, main charge, aft seal, forward seal and case.
Another much shorter and simpler round is shown in FIG. 3 as a second embodiment of the present invention. The round shown here is an APDS configu-ration with a modification of the sabot projectile shown in U.S. 4,881,466, issued Nov. 2, 1989 to J.~.
McGinley. This round 200 is comprised of a metal case 212 which is clipped to and between a front seal 214 and an aft seal 216 which also serves as a full caliber control tube and a projectile retention de-vice. The main charge 218 is a single tube having a longitudinal bore having a forward portion with a di-ameter to accommodate the rotating band 220 in the sabot foresection 222, and an aft portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the control ~ tube portion 216A of the aft seal 216. The forward-most margin of the control tube portion has an annu-lar cri~p 224 which fits into an annular groove 226 2~3~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 _g_ in the sabot foresection 22~ aft of the rotating band. The aft seal 216 also has a cup 216B formed therein which receives a primer 228 formed therein which receives a primer 228 and a flash passageway 230 which leads into the interior of the control tube portion which receives the booster charge 232. The sabot assembly includes a pusher 234. The sabot foresection 236 also provides a bore-rider and an integral closed front 238. The,subcaliber penetrator 240 is surmounted with a windscreen 242.
The blunt-nose sabot projectile provided by the bore-rider provides two major improvements over the conventional sabot projectile: (i) the penetra-tor is much better supported in the barrel bore, thereby reducing balloting of the projectile and re-sultant dispersion, and (ii) the barrel bore is sealed sooner in the launch stroke which enables much greater flexibility in the design of the control tube launch and sequencing of the main charge ignition, i.e., the conventional problem of obturating the bar-rel prior to main charge ignition is eliminated.
~oc~ation of the rotating band along the sabot is also Dct. N~. 52-AR-2306 flexible from the point of view of launch dynamics and may be moved forward on the projectile to allo~
the full-bore control tube to extend further forward.
This is true for conventional and saboted pro-jectiles. Obviously, constraints on sabot strength and transmission of rotational loads for spin-up must also be considered in band location.
Dct. No. 52-AR-230Ç
CASED TELESCOPED AMMUNITIC)N
Field Of The Invention .
This invention relates to cased telescoped am-munition utilizing a "control tube" to provide an initial forward displacement of the projectile from 5the case into the gun barrel prior to the subsequent ig~ition of the main charge which propells the projectile along the length of the gun barrel.
.
Background Of The Invention Cased telescoped ammunition utilizing control tubes are well known, and are shown, for example, in:
U.S. 4,938,145, issued July 3, 1990 to W.E. Martwick;
U.S. 4,907,510, issued March 13, 1990 to W.E.
Martwick, et al;
U.S. 4,846,069, issued July 11, 1989 to B.8. Tasson, et al;
U.5. 4,803,927, issued Feb. 14, 1989 to W.J.
Washburn;
U.S. 4,782,758, issued Nov. 8, 1988 to W.J. washburn;
U.S. 4,691,638, issued Sept. 8, 1987 to D.A. Meyer, et al; and 2 0 '~ 3 Dct. No. 52--AR~2306 U.S. 4,604,954, issued Aug. 12, 1986 to S.E. Clarke, et al.
Cased telescoped ammunition not utilizing control tubes are also well known, and are shown, ~or example, in:
U.S. 3,009,394, issued Nov. 21, 1961 to E.A. Kamp, et al.
The use of sabot projectiles having fin stabi-lized long rod penetrators in cased telescoped ammu-nition is also known, as shown in U.S. 4,846,069, mentioned above. Other sabot projectiles are shown, for example, in:
U.SO 4,881,466, issued Nov. 21, I989 to J.E.
McGinley;
U.S. 4,776,280, issued Oct. 11, 1988 to J. ~urri, et al:
U.S. 3,714,900, issued Feb. 6, 1973 to F.K. Feldman and U.S. 3,496,869, issued Feb. 24, 1970 to W. Engel.
It will be noted that the sabots are not of -full bore dimension at the forward end of the sabot and penetrator ossembly, It will also be noted that the use o~ spin stabilized penetrators in a sabot projectile in a cased telescoped round is not shown.
~ o ~
Dct. No. 52-A~-~306 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object o this invention is to provide a simplified cased telescoped round of ammunition uti-lizing a control tube for (i) a full bore projectile or (ii) an APDS sabot projectile (i.e., not a long rod sabot projectile.) Another object is to provide such a cased telescoped round of minimalized length.
Yet another object is to provide such a cased tele~coped round with a minimalized number of parts to make up the assembly and wherein the control tube i5 integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile.
Still another object is to provide such a cased telescoped round with an APDS sabot projectile with minimalized potential balloting and minimalized control tube launch strQke length.
A feature of this invention is a cased tele-scoped round having a control tube which is integral with the aft seal and itself retains the projectile against loose forward movement.
, . . ..
~ f;,~ ,f~fJ
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
These and other objects, features and advantages o~ the invention will be apparent from the following specification thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a controi tube and a full bore projectile of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a control tube and a full bore projectile in a first embodiment of the inven-tion; and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal view in section of a cased telescoped round with a control tube and an APDS sabot projectile in a second embodiment of the invention.
` 2~8~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 DETAI~ED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Reference is first made to the prior art round shown in FIG. 1. This round 10 is comprised of a metal case 12 which is clipped to and between a front seal 14 and an aft seal 16. A control tube 18 is S fixed into a longitudinal bore 20 in the aft seal.
The tube 18 has an aft bore portion 22 in which is fixed a primer 24, an intermediate flash passageway 26, and a forward bore portion 2~ in which is ~ixed a booster charge 30. An annular aft main charge 32 and an annular forward main charge 34 support these be-tween a frangible retainer ~6 which is clipped into a groove 38 in the base portion of a full bore pro-jectile 40 (HEI, API or TP). The projectile has a piston 42 extending aftwardly from its base portion into the forward bore portion 28 of the control tube.
The projectile has a rotating band 44 to provide spin stabilization. The front seal has a longitudinal bore 46 therein which will pass the projectile and which is closed by a frangible disc 48.
In operation, the primer 2g is percussed to provide ignition gas to the booster charge 30 which generates .
,, .
, :
-; 2 ~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 an initial volume of hot combustion gas. The gas acts against the aft surface of the piston 42 to moYe the projectile forwardly, fracturing the retainer 36 and the disc 48, and into the gun barrel. When the aft end of the piston exits the forward end of the control tube, the hot combus~ion gas from the booster vents rom the tube to ignite the forward and aft main charges, which generate the main volume of combustion gas to progressively fully seat the projectile in the barrel~ engrave the ro~ating band, and send the projectile along the lenqth of the gun barrel and out the muzzle.
It will be appreciated that (i) the length of such a round must accomodate the length of the pis-ton, (ii) there are many parts to assemble in fabri-cating thc round, and (iii) the piston displaces the center of gravity of the projectile undesirably aftwards, induces parasitic aerodynamics, and makes no useful contribution of fragme`nts when the HEI
pro~ectile impacts the target.
A much shorter and simpler round is shown in FI&. 2 as a first embodiment of the present inven-tion. This round lO0 is comprised of a case 112 (here shown as metal, but which may be nonmetallic) - ~ ~ f~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 which is clipped to and between a front seal 114 and an aft seal 116 which also serves as a full caliber control tube and a projectile retention device.
Alternatively, the case 112 may be integral with the aft seal 116. The main charge 118 is a single tube having a longitudinal bore having a forward portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the rotating band 120 on the projectile 122, and an aft portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the control tube portion 116A of the aft seal 116.
The forward-most margin of the control tube portion has an annular crimp 124 which fits into an annular groove 126 in the projectile 122 aft of the rotating band. The aft seal 116 also has a cup 116B formed therein which receives a primer 128, and a flash passageway 130 which leads into the interior of the control tube portion which receives the booster charges 132. The annular crimp 124 is formed after the booster and the projectile have been inserted into the control tube portion in the same manner that the neck of a conventional cartridge case is crimped onto a projectile. ~he ~EI projectile will include a fuze, which may be of the type shown in U.S.
4,242,963, is~ued Jan. 6, 1981 to R.T. Ziemba. The -: 2 ~ L~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 case joins the seals with snap-in features, not shown, which may be of the type shown in U.S.
4,591,63a, m~ntioned previously. Thus, the raund is made up o~ seven parts: projectile, primer, booster charge, main charge, aft seal, forward seal and case.
Another much shorter and simpler round is shown in FIG. 3 as a second embodiment of the present invention. The round shown here is an APDS configu-ration with a modification of the sabot projectile shown in U.S. 4,881,466, issued Nov. 2, 1989 to J.~.
McGinley. This round 200 is comprised of a metal case 212 which is clipped to and between a front seal 214 and an aft seal 216 which also serves as a full caliber control tube and a projectile retention de-vice. The main charge 218 is a single tube having a longitudinal bore having a forward portion with a di-ameter to accommodate the rotating band 220 in the sabot foresection 222, and an aft portion with a diameter to accommodate the diameter of the control ~ tube portion 216A of the aft seal 216. The forward-most margin of the control tube portion has an annu-lar cri~p 224 which fits into an annular groove 226 2~3~
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306 _g_ in the sabot foresection 22~ aft of the rotating band. The aft seal 216 also has a cup 216B formed therein which receives a primer 228 formed therein which receives a primer 228 and a flash passageway 230 which leads into the interior of the control tube portion which receives the booster charge 232. The sabot assembly includes a pusher 234. The sabot foresection 236 also provides a bore-rider and an integral closed front 238. The,subcaliber penetrator 240 is surmounted with a windscreen 242.
The blunt-nose sabot projectile provided by the bore-rider provides two major improvements over the conventional sabot projectile: (i) the penetra-tor is much better supported in the barrel bore, thereby reducing balloting of the projectile and re-sultant dispersion, and (ii) the barrel bore is sealed sooner in the launch stroke which enables much greater flexibility in the design of the control tube launch and sequencing of the main charge ignition, i.e., the conventional problem of obturating the bar-rel prior to main charge ignition is eliminated.
~oc~ation of the rotating band along the sabot is also Dct. N~. 52-AR-2306 flexible from the point of view of launch dynamics and may be moved forward on the projectile to allo~
the full-bore control tube to extend further forward.
This is true for conventional and saboted pro-jectiles. Obviously, constraints on sabot strength and transmission of rotational loads for spin-up must also be considered in band location.
Claims (9)
1. A cased telescoped round of ammunition com-prising:
a front seal;
an aft seal;
a projectile; and a control tube which is integral with said aft seal and which interengages with said projectile to retain said projectile against forward movement.
a front seal;
an aft seal;
a projectile; and a control tube which is integral with said aft seal and which interengages with said projectile to retain said projectile against forward movement.
2. A cased telescoped round of ammunition com-prising:
a projectile having a full bore body;
an aft seal having a control tube which in-terengages with said full bore body of said projec-tile to retain said projectile against forward move-ment.
a projectile having a full bore body;
an aft seal having a control tube which in-terengages with said full bore body of said projec-tile to retain said projectile against forward move-ment.
3. A round according to claim 2 wherein:
said projectile body has an annular groove;
and said tube has an annular detent which is seat-ed in said groove.
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306
said projectile body has an annular groove;
and said tube has an annular detent which is seat-ed in said groove.
Dct. No. 52-AR-2306
4. A round according to claim 2 wherein:
said projectile body includes a sabot having an annular groove; and said tube has an annular detent which is seat-ed in said groove.
said projectile body includes a sabot having an annular groove; and said tube has an annular detent which is seat-ed in said groove.
5. A round according to claim 2 wherein:
said aft seal supports a primer at the aft end of said round and said tube contains a booster be-tween said primer and said projectile.
said aft seal supports a primer at the aft end of said round and said tube contains a booster be-tween said primer and said projectile.
6. A round according to claim 4 wherein:
said sabot has a rotating band and a forward bore rider.
said sabot has a rotating band and a forward bore rider.
7. A round according to claim 4 wherein:
said sabot has a front end which is formed as a right cylinder having a full bore diameter.
said sabot has a front end which is formed as a right cylinder having a full bore diameter.
8. A round according to claim 2 wherein:
said projectile body includes a penetrator, and a sabot which completely encloses said pen etrator.
said projectile body includes a penetrator, and a sabot which completely encloses said pen etrator.
9. The invention as defined in any of the preceding claims including any further features of novelty disclosed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US59491890A | 1990-10-09 | 1990-10-09 | |
| US594,918 | 1990-10-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2048803A1 true CA2048803A1 (en) | 1992-04-10 |
Family
ID=24380964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002048803A Abandoned CA2048803A1 (en) | 1990-10-09 | 1991-08-08 | Cased telescoped ammunition |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0485066A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05196398A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920008462A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2048803A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL99532A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO913846L (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US390232A (en) * | 1888-10-02 | Accelerating-cartridge | ||
| BE420894A (en) * | 1936-04-03 | |||
| US2851927A (en) * | 1956-01-27 | 1958-09-16 | Airtek Dynamics Inc | Machine guns with two section firing chambers |
| US3009394A (en) * | 1960-07-12 | 1961-11-21 | Ewald A Kamp | Ammunition link |
| US4220089A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-09-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Cartridge for a fully telescoped projectile |
| US4803927A (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1989-02-14 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Ammunition round and method of manufacture thereof |
| US4802415A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-02-07 | Ford Aerospace Corporation | Telescoped ammunition round having subcaliber projectile sabot with integral piston |
-
1991
- 1991-08-08 CA CA002048803A patent/CA2048803A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-09-20 IL IL99532A patent/IL99532A0/en unknown
- 1991-09-26 JP JP3247475A patent/JPH05196398A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-01 NO NO91913846A patent/NO913846L/en unknown
- 1991-10-03 EP EP91309068A patent/EP0485066A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-08 KR KR1019910017585A patent/KR920008462A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO913846L (en) | 1992-04-10 |
| JPH05196398A (en) | 1993-08-06 |
| IL99532A0 (en) | 1992-08-18 |
| NO913846D0 (en) | 1991-10-01 |
| EP0485066A1 (en) | 1992-05-13 |
| KR920008462A (en) | 1992-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |