CA2048611A1 - Re-usable writing material - Google Patents
Re-usable writing materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA2048611A1 CA2048611A1 CA002048611A CA2048611A CA2048611A1 CA 2048611 A1 CA2048611 A1 CA 2048611A1 CA 002048611 A CA002048611 A CA 002048611A CA 2048611 A CA2048611 A CA 2048611A CA 2048611 A1 CA2048611 A1 CA 2048611A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- laminate
- writing
- layer
- writing material
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0008—Electrical discharge treatment, e.g. corona, plasma treatment; wave energy or particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
- B41M1/30—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on organic plastics, horn or similar materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43L1/00—Repeatedly-usable boards or tablets for writing or drawing
- B43L1/002—Repeatedly-usable boards or tablets for writing or drawing chemical details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/14—Corona, ionisation, electrical discharge, plasma treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
2048611 9011183 PCTABScor01 The current invention is writing material in the form of a plastic laminate which can be written upon with any common pen, or a variety of markers, and which can be erased with a common dry wiping material, thus allowing the material to be re-used for writing a repeated number of times. The writing material comprises a top layer of polypropylene, an intermediate layer of adhesive and a base layer.
Description
WO90/11183 .. PCT/CA9~/00102 . .. . . .
~,.. ..
;2 ~ rij5~
Titl~: R~US~BL~ ~RITI~G ~ATERr~L
D~CRIPTION OF ~HE INVENTION: :
The descrip~ion o ~he current invention is divided into two par~s, speci~ically a) a background of the invention and b) a detailed description. ::
~ACKGROUND OY T~E INV~TION:
A num~er of reusable wxiting surfaces have been de~eloped ; over ~he centuries. Xn their earliest form, such surfaces : l0 ha~e ~een as primitive a~ stick scratchings on a dirt surace. In their recent form, reusable writing surfaces ha~e been daveloped from a variety of technologies ~nd include ceramic, plastic, magnetic and glass surfaces.
Over the past years, we have seen the ~raditiQnal blac:kboard ;and chalk replaced by ~hese new rçusable ~surfaces. T~he mos~ familiar of the~e i~ probably the white:board" ~hirh is written upon using special ink or "dry" mar~ing pens. On an indlvidual u~e basis, small slates have been increasingly repl:aced with plastic coated l~write-bn/wipe-off~ memo boards which al~o require a specialized::ink~marker. :In using either of these writing materials, writLng is confined to the us~e of specialized implements~whi~ch:usually~provide a relatively wid~:marking line.
The curre~t in~ention allows the user to utilix~ a thin-line writing implement such as the rommon ball point pen, for:clean and clear copy in:a restri~ted space and allo~s large ~ ounts:~:of writing,:drawing or calculating to occur in a~ larger amount o~f ~pace. Further,~ unlike the white boaxd or w~ite-on/wipe-of-f board, inks ~applied to the ~ current invention do not readi~y smear, bu~ rather perf~rm :~ a~ a "temporarily permanent" medium. "Temporarily ~ permanent" is here defined to mean writing which i~ not ~ ~ , ~UBSrlTUTE~ SHE~T
WO90/~ 3 2 ~ ~ ~ 6 1 ~CT/CA90/00102 j,_,~
,. . ~ 2 -e~sily removed by brushing against, as is the case with white ~oards, nor easily removed by touching wi~h a damp finger, hand or other item, as is the case with write-on/wipe of~ ~oards; but rather, applied ink may be wip~d across without smearing or other detrimental effect and will remain on the surf ace over time. Removal of inks from the invention can, however, be accomplished by the use of moderate rubbing, stroking, or wiping wi~h a comm:on, dry matexial such as, but not lin~ited to, cloth, tissues, paper napkins and toweling.
Although the current in~ention could be used as a dra~ting film, and is a laminate whose surface is a plastic, ~he invention differs greatly from existing drafting films.
For example, drafting film, such as ~Mylar~ is marked upon ~: lS by a pen. the inX for which is generally confined to . permanent or tusch in~s, Once dry, these inks can be removed f~om the film by~the use of friction era~ers. In r~gard t~:~ the current:inv~ntion, inks deposited on the laminated~màterial can be easily removed by the use of 20~standard, dry wiping materials; erasing is not required or ; ;: recommended.
:: In contrast~with draftin~ films:/ it~has; been found that : markings ~ uncoated or untreated plastic sur~aces~ will usually rub~:off, peQl or~flake. Poor a&esion or surface tension is normally ~he problem here. ~Consequently, it could~be argued that polypropylene, the material used~as:
the first layer of the laminate natllrally~pro~id~s the :~ 'chara~te istics o'f iink acceptancè ànd eas~ ink:removal~
This is, however unk:rue. Inks do not easily adhere to plastics unless the:plas~ics~ar~ treat:ed, and~further,~ink remo~al can be difficult as pens:can scratch the surface of the plastic material, leaving residual ink behind.
: In su~mary, the laminated product per~its data, ~ information or drawings to be recorded pe~manently, yet :`
: ~ SUBSTITUTE SHEET
W~9~/11183 :~ , PCr/~AgO/0010~
~, 20~S~l pe~mits changes to be mad~ readily to such data, information or drawings if the need arises. Noreover, the now permits the use of standard ball point pens rather than the use of special markar pens previously required.
And the laminate also allows relati~ely easy removal of these inks by use o standard dry cl~th wipi~g. It b~comes evident that the present invention has numerous end-us~ applica~ions which are limi.ted only by the imagination. Potential u~s includer but are not limited to, memo boards, address books, planning calendars, scheduling boards, game boards, score cards, editing overlays, identification labels and other innumerabl0 - uses. Products can be utilized in home, office, industrial and recreational pursuits.
:
Con~equen~ly it is the object of this in~ention to provide : a wri~ting surface ~hat can easily be written upon by a wide Yariet~ of writing impIements including, but not limit~ed to, the common ball-point pen, some fine-line roll~ing pens, permanen~ markers (with thè exception of markers ~ho~se inks contain xylene~, dry markers, write-on~wipe-off markers as well as permanent ink drafting pens. In other- words, it; is also the ~object of this : inventio~n to provide~ a writing surace that will ac~ommodate use by common writing implemen~s, eliminating 2~5 the~need for specialized ~writing ~ools. This~ al1Ows : graater flexibility in ~he use ~of various~ wri~ing~
:implements and their inks,:these to be:used in~ependently or in concert with one another.
Another objecti~e of~ this inYention is to provide :a 30~writing ~surface that ~remains :clean during use~ without significant smearing.
:: Yet a further objective of this invention is to provide a ~: writing surface that is easily cleaned, either in sections ~or aorr~c~ion or chang~s or in to~ality to provide a : , ~ .
SUBSTiTUTE ~H~ET
WO~0/11183 , ~ PCT/C~/0~1~2 blL
fresh, clean writing surface, e~en if i~ks have been deposited upon the writing material some time in the past, and ~o provide this clean ~urface wi~hout any significant ghosting of past inks.
S~MMARY OF TH~ IMV~NTIO~:
~ .
~his invention relates to a writing sur~ace which can be written upon with any common ball point p~nr and a ~ariety of marXers including, but not limited to, permanent markers, write-on/wipe-off markers, rolling-pen markers and dry markers, and which can be cleaned away by the use of standard, dry wiping materials such as tissue, paper - napkins, toweling, clothr or other such similar material, allowing the writing material to be reused o~er and over ; again.
BRI~F D~SCRIPTION OF T~ DRAWINGS~
Understanding of ~he invention will be enhanced by referring to the accompanying drawings in which:
F:igure l depicts a` cross-sectional ~iew of a material providing a wri~ing surface, in accordance with one 20 ~embodiment of the present invention;
~: ~
Fi~ure~ depicts a cross-sectional ~î~w of ~he material providing a writing ~surface as shown during t~e writing procass when utilizing a ball poin~ pen;
Figure 3 depicts~a cross-sectional ~iew of a material providing a writing surface, in accordance'with a further embodiment of the present~in~ention; and Figure 4 depi~t~ a cross-sec~ional view of a material pro~iding a writing surface in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present in~ention.
~: SlJBSTl~UTE SHEET
WO ~ID/11183 2 ~ ~ ~ S 1 1 P~/C~90/00l02 ,~ .. . .
DEST __DI~ SCEIIPTION OF THE INV~WTION:
There is a wlde range o~ materials which can be used to form the overall laminate or composlte, the different materials interacting to provide dif~erent properties.
The r~nge of materials which are suitabl~ and their various general properties will be described initially, and will then be followed by a number of specific examples.
Reference is first made to figure 1 of the drawings, which shows a cross-sectional view of a mat0rial, generally indicated as 8~ wh~ch provides a writing sur~ace. In its most basic form, the matexial comprises three primary layers: a first or upper layer of pol~propylene 12, which pro~ides the actual wxiting surface; an intermediate layer of adhesive 14; and a sub-strate or base 16.
The upper layer 12 may be written upon using ink from most : b~ll point pens, write-on/wipe-off markers, dxy white-board erasers, some rolling pens, and permanent markers, : with the exception that inks containing xylene will writ~
~: 20 on ~he material, but canno~ be ea~ily removed. ~he inks perform, in efisencel as a "temporarily p~rmanent~ medium, ~ : that is the applied~ ink may be wiped across without :: ~ significant smearing or other detrimental effect and will remain on the~surface o~er time, tes~ results indicating that thQ material can:stand up to several hundred use~
~ before deterioration is significant.
: ~ A wide range o polyp~opy~lenes, including some propylene copolym~rs may be u~ed for: the upper layer 12.
Thicknesses of the polypropylene may ra~ge upwards from 0.2 mils, although thic~nesses above 20mm have been found to work less effectively. The preferred thickn~ss lies between .5 and 3.8 mils. The polypropylenes may be composed of ~ssentially any polypropylene known in the art, including but not limited to, films which axe SUBSTITUTE SHEET
~,.. ..
;2 ~ rij5~
Titl~: R~US~BL~ ~RITI~G ~ATERr~L
D~CRIPTION OF ~HE INVENTION: :
The descrip~ion o ~he current invention is divided into two par~s, speci~ically a) a background of the invention and b) a detailed description. ::
~ACKGROUND OY T~E INV~TION:
A num~er of reusable wxiting surfaces have been de~eloped ; over ~he centuries. Xn their earliest form, such surfaces : l0 ha~e ~een as primitive a~ stick scratchings on a dirt surace. In their recent form, reusable writing surfaces ha~e been daveloped from a variety of technologies ~nd include ceramic, plastic, magnetic and glass surfaces.
Over the past years, we have seen the ~raditiQnal blac:kboard ;and chalk replaced by ~hese new rçusable ~surfaces. T~he mos~ familiar of the~e i~ probably the white:board" ~hirh is written upon using special ink or "dry" mar~ing pens. On an indlvidual u~e basis, small slates have been increasingly repl:aced with plastic coated l~write-bn/wipe-off~ memo boards which al~o require a specialized::ink~marker. :In using either of these writing materials, writLng is confined to the us~e of specialized implements~whi~ch:usually~provide a relatively wid~:marking line.
The curre~t in~ention allows the user to utilix~ a thin-line writing implement such as the rommon ball point pen, for:clean and clear copy in:a restri~ted space and allo~s large ~ ounts:~:of writing,:drawing or calculating to occur in a~ larger amount o~f ~pace. Further,~ unlike the white boaxd or w~ite-on/wipe-of-f board, inks ~applied to the ~ current invention do not readi~y smear, bu~ rather perf~rm :~ a~ a "temporarily permanent" medium. "Temporarily ~ permanent" is here defined to mean writing which i~ not ~ ~ , ~UBSrlTUTE~ SHE~T
WO90/~ 3 2 ~ ~ ~ 6 1 ~CT/CA90/00102 j,_,~
,. . ~ 2 -e~sily removed by brushing against, as is the case with white ~oards, nor easily removed by touching wi~h a damp finger, hand or other item, as is the case with write-on/wipe of~ ~oards; but rather, applied ink may be wip~d across without smearing or other detrimental effect and will remain on the surf ace over time. Removal of inks from the invention can, however, be accomplished by the use of moderate rubbing, stroking, or wiping wi~h a comm:on, dry matexial such as, but not lin~ited to, cloth, tissues, paper napkins and toweling.
Although the current in~ention could be used as a dra~ting film, and is a laminate whose surface is a plastic, ~he invention differs greatly from existing drafting films.
For example, drafting film, such as ~Mylar~ is marked upon ~: lS by a pen. the inX for which is generally confined to . permanent or tusch in~s, Once dry, these inks can be removed f~om the film by~the use of friction era~ers. In r~gard t~:~ the current:inv~ntion, inks deposited on the laminated~màterial can be easily removed by the use of 20~standard, dry wiping materials; erasing is not required or ; ;: recommended.
:: In contrast~with draftin~ films:/ it~has; been found that : markings ~ uncoated or untreated plastic sur~aces~ will usually rub~:off, peQl or~flake. Poor a&esion or surface tension is normally ~he problem here. ~Consequently, it could~be argued that polypropylene, the material used~as:
the first layer of the laminate natllrally~pro~id~s the :~ 'chara~te istics o'f iink acceptancè ànd eas~ ink:removal~
This is, however unk:rue. Inks do not easily adhere to plastics unless the:plas~ics~ar~ treat:ed, and~further,~ink remo~al can be difficult as pens:can scratch the surface of the plastic material, leaving residual ink behind.
: In su~mary, the laminated product per~its data, ~ information or drawings to be recorded pe~manently, yet :`
: ~ SUBSTITUTE SHEET
W~9~/11183 :~ , PCr/~AgO/0010~
~, 20~S~l pe~mits changes to be mad~ readily to such data, information or drawings if the need arises. Noreover, the now permits the use of standard ball point pens rather than the use of special markar pens previously required.
And the laminate also allows relati~ely easy removal of these inks by use o standard dry cl~th wipi~g. It b~comes evident that the present invention has numerous end-us~ applica~ions which are limi.ted only by the imagination. Potential u~s includer but are not limited to, memo boards, address books, planning calendars, scheduling boards, game boards, score cards, editing overlays, identification labels and other innumerabl0 - uses. Products can be utilized in home, office, industrial and recreational pursuits.
:
Con~equen~ly it is the object of this in~ention to provide : a wri~ting surface ~hat can easily be written upon by a wide Yariet~ of writing impIements including, but not limit~ed to, the common ball-point pen, some fine-line roll~ing pens, permanen~ markers (with thè exception of markers ~ho~se inks contain xylene~, dry markers, write-on~wipe-off markers as well as permanent ink drafting pens. In other- words, it; is also the ~object of this : inventio~n to provide~ a writing surace that will ac~ommodate use by common writing implemen~s, eliminating 2~5 the~need for specialized ~writing ~ools. This~ al1Ows : graater flexibility in ~he use ~of various~ wri~ing~
:implements and their inks,:these to be:used in~ependently or in concert with one another.
Another objecti~e of~ this inYention is to provide :a 30~writing ~surface that ~remains :clean during use~ without significant smearing.
:: Yet a further objective of this invention is to provide a ~: writing surface that is easily cleaned, either in sections ~or aorr~c~ion or chang~s or in to~ality to provide a : , ~ .
SUBSTiTUTE ~H~ET
WO~0/11183 , ~ PCT/C~/0~1~2 blL
fresh, clean writing surface, e~en if i~ks have been deposited upon the writing material some time in the past, and ~o provide this clean ~urface wi~hout any significant ghosting of past inks.
S~MMARY OF TH~ IMV~NTIO~:
~ .
~his invention relates to a writing sur~ace which can be written upon with any common ball point p~nr and a ~ariety of marXers including, but not limited to, permanent markers, write-on/wipe-off markers, rolling-pen markers and dry markers, and which can be cleaned away by the use of standard, dry wiping materials such as tissue, paper - napkins, toweling, clothr or other such similar material, allowing the writing material to be reused o~er and over ; again.
BRI~F D~SCRIPTION OF T~ DRAWINGS~
Understanding of ~he invention will be enhanced by referring to the accompanying drawings in which:
F:igure l depicts a` cross-sectional ~iew of a material providing a wri~ing surface, in accordance with one 20 ~embodiment of the present invention;
~: ~
Fi~ure~ depicts a cross-sectional ~î~w of ~he material providing a writing ~surface as shown during t~e writing procass when utilizing a ball poin~ pen;
Figure 3 depicts~a cross-sectional ~iew of a material providing a writing surface, in accordance'with a further embodiment of the present~in~ention; and Figure 4 depi~t~ a cross-sec~ional view of a material pro~iding a writing surface in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present in~ention.
~: SlJBSTl~UTE SHEET
WO ~ID/11183 2 ~ ~ ~ S 1 1 P~/C~90/00l02 ,~ .. . .
DEST __DI~ SCEIIPTION OF THE INV~WTION:
There is a wlde range o~ materials which can be used to form the overall laminate or composlte, the different materials interacting to provide dif~erent properties.
The r~nge of materials which are suitabl~ and their various general properties will be described initially, and will then be followed by a number of specific examples.
Reference is first made to figure 1 of the drawings, which shows a cross-sectional view of a mat0rial, generally indicated as 8~ wh~ch provides a writing sur~ace. In its most basic form, the matexial comprises three primary layers: a first or upper layer of pol~propylene 12, which pro~ides the actual wxiting surface; an intermediate layer of adhesive 14; and a sub-strate or base 16.
The upper layer 12 may be written upon using ink from most : b~ll point pens, write-on/wipe-off markers, dxy white-board erasers, some rolling pens, and permanent markers, : with the exception that inks containing xylene will writ~
~: 20 on ~he material, but canno~ be ea~ily removed. ~he inks perform, in efisencel as a "temporarily p~rmanent~ medium, ~ : that is the applied~ ink may be wiped across without :: ~ significant smearing or other detrimental effect and will remain on the~surface o~er time, tes~ results indicating that thQ material can:stand up to several hundred use~
~ before deterioration is significant.
: ~ A wide range o polyp~opy~lenes, including some propylene copolym~rs may be u~ed for: the upper layer 12.
Thicknesses of the polypropylene may ra~ge upwards from 0.2 mils, although thic~nesses above 20mm have been found to work less effectively. The preferred thickn~ss lies between .5 and 3.8 mils. The polypropylenes may be composed of ~ssentially any polypropylene known in the art, including but not limited to, films which axe SUBSTITUTE SHEET
3 ~ ~fi~ ; PCT/CA9O/00102 - 6 :
str~tched, rolled, bi-axially oriented, me}t and ormed, and/or blown. The pr~ferred use i5 bi-axially oriented polypropylene. Both low and high densi~y polypropylenes :
may be used, although those with a harder ~urface gen~rally p~xform better, that is~ they relea~e th~ inks be~er and do not ind2nt as easily.
:., Although polypropylene provides some of the best charact~ristics for easy removal of inks, as an independent film, polypropylene will not support the uses provided by the current invention. Only by enhancement, refininy and control can po:lypropylene perform as desired within the composite. Polypropylene films find utility when supported or lamiinated to another material in order to accommodate a particular end use. The lamina~e construction of the current invention provide~ durability of the:material~and increased longevity of use as compared to the qu~ick ~deterioration of unsupported:polypropylene.
: Most impoxtantly, the composite provides a specîfic, esilient writing surface which allows the inks to "set 20 upn or adhere to the fiIm. This is indicated in Figure 2 which shows the spread of the ink~ 6, upon: ~he depression of the writing material by a pen 4. Because of the nature : : of the composite, it is theorized that ~he angle of wettin~ pro~ide~ by this action i~ significantly ralated : :~ ` 25 to the~ability of ~he~laminate to accept ball point p n : inks. Or to ~tate it~another way, it is ~he resilience of ;the laminate that provides; ~he proper medium for allowing the composite to be written upon.
Development of a laminate al~o provides a background : 30 colour, if desired,: which would facilitate eas~ reading of the written material. If left clear, though afixed to:a base ma~erial, the laminate would retain a limited, although de~irable pr~duct for editing purposes or other similar uses. And ~inally, the development of a laminate :~ 35 allow~ a smoother writing surfac~ which acts as a buffer : : SUBSTITUTE SHEET
W~ ~/11183 PC~/CA90/~0102 t:~`'; . ~ 7 _ 2 ~ 6 i~
between ~he writing sur~ace and the unrelated support surface, that i~ a t~ble surface, chart surf~ce ox other such support. This is also important a~ the ~urface layer o the laminat~ will suffer deterioration wh~n xubbed over a patterned base or support, the higher areas receiving more abrasion as tha writing surface is wiped clean.
As an enhancament of the ~asic laminate, polypropylene may ba modified by the inclusion of friction reducing agents such as, but not limited to, fatty acid amids, olefins or sllicon. Such additives migrate to the surface, continually res~oring the:original surface slip. As a further ~bodiment, a thin surface layer 10, may also be added to th~ writing surface of the polypropylene, such as, but not limited to, a finely di~ided organic material : 15 or.silicon to decr~ase friction. Use of such a friction : coating could pxovide good performance in regard to smoothness and conductivity. The resulting film could ha~e a mor~ s~able surface without any adverse effec~s on : appearance or wetting. Antistatic agents could also be added to help dissipate the static charges of the ~ laminate. This is helpful in th~t charged surfaces can :: cause resi~tance ;to: the easy removal of inks from the ~` ~ writing surface. St~tic chàrges have:been shown to occur from environmental conditions or from an unstable mating of materials within the laminat2.
b D~pending on the application and speciflc material construction, a variety of adhesives may be used to form the in~e~mediate ,layeri 14. Suitable ,adhesives ,can include, but are not limited to, hard d ~ ing urethane, or acrylic-based adhesives, soft dryingt pressure sensitive acrylic or water;based adhesives, or a rubber or ~ubberized adhesive, including hot-melt adhesives. Th~
a~h~si~e may also contain additives such as, but no~
limited to, carbon, lithium and atactic polypxopylene to ~nhance conductivity characteristics. The specific type SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO9OJ111~3 ~ ~ PCT/CA~0102 ~ - 8 -of adhesi~e to be used is dependent upon ~he ~ype o~ base ma~erial used and the thickness of ~he top lay~r of :~:
polypropylene chosan. Testing has shown that sot, pr~ssure-sensitive acrylic-based adhesives appear to offer kh~ b~st per~onmance, closely followed by rubberized adhesi~es. Hard adhesives will generally only perform well when combined with a soft base 16. :.
~":
Althou~h a permanent adhesive i5 preferred, urther ;~
imp~ovement to the adhesive s~ructure i~ recommended. It is preferred tha~ the underside of the polypropylene ilm, where i~ is joined to the base 16, be subjected to corona discharge and that the ba~e material be treated with an anti-slip agent before they are af~ixed together. This provides greater stability to the laminate, and mi~igates : 15 undesired ~hifting, slipping or separa~ion of the various elements. ~ ~
Use of certain adhesives, such:as for example, urethane adhesives, requires an~aging or curing time before the materia1 will work effectively.~ :
: ~ 20 AlInos~ any material can be used :as a support base 16:. The prefexred material: for forming the base is a vinyl material with a: thickness o~f hO 10ss than about .5 mils.
Th~ vinyl may be poured, roll~d, blown or lamina~ed, and additives to i ncrea~e the resilierlGe Inay be added to ::
~: 25 produce a "soft" vinyl. Othsr materials may also be suitable for use, including, but not limited to, oth~r : :elastom~r~,~ s~y~en~,~synthetic pap~r suc~ as that sold.
under the tradename "Texoprint~', papex board such as that : sold-under ~he:~tradena~e "Durobrite", and~etal and hard-board suc~ as ma~erial sold under the tradename Masonitell, as well ~s rubber and rubberized materials.
Paper~may be a suitable base only~when used in conjunc~ion with a ~ery elastic or resilient adhesi~e as otherwise paper tends to indent koo easily, making removal of the : .
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO ~11183 .. PCTlCA~00102 9 ~ 2 ~
inks difficult.
It becomes evident that adhesi~es mus* be balanced wi~h the base ma~erial to develop a laminate that i5 suitably functional. Each time one of the material~i used within S the laminate is changed or modified, the specifics of the composition need to be rebalanced. If, ~or example, a relatively soft, spongy material such as blown vinyl polymer or foam-backed ~inyl is used to form the base, a hard urethane-based adhesive may be used as khe intexmediate layer 14 to pro~ide a good smear-proof writing sur~ace. If such a soft base is combined with a softer adhesive, the resulting writing ~urface tends to allow inks to be much moxe easily removed. Yet if combined with a ~ery soft, thick layer o~ adhesive, this same foam-backed ~inyI base may result in a surface that :~ does not ~asily accept ink.
Additional layers:to the laminate may be used to enhance the utilization of the composite. It has been found that it may be~suitable to add a conducti~e layer 22 such as `: ` ` ~ :
~20 carbon or foil to the:composite ~o enhance the ease of :~ erasibility ~for certain:composites. In this case, the use o~ heat seal 24 would:be:suitable in: the lamination of : foi-l to the laminate.~ Further, a final:layer of ~hesive 18 could~be added to any of: the developed laminates to ~: 25 allow adhesion of ~he:composite to ~he ~urf~ce of choiceO
: This would a~so require the ~ddition of a r~lease line 20 to facilitate use of the composite as a "self stick~ or label materiàl. ~ i!
: E~A~pLæ:
.
.
~he~ prQsent invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are represen~ative of the :~-- multiple forms the composite can take.
~` .
~ SUBSTiTUTE SHEET
W09~/111~3 ~ " PCr/C~0/~0102 ' ` ~ 10 -- , 1. Upper layer~ l.6 mil polypropylene ~:
Intermediate layer: urethane adhesive (le~s than lmm :-:
thickn~ss) Ba~e: l5 mil thick foam~b~cked vinyl ~
Suitable for ball point pens and markers. Provides a ::
very smooth wrîting sur~ace.
2. Upper layer: 1 mil polypropylene Int6rmediate layer: semi~so~t acrylic pressure-~ensitiv~ adhesive (l mil) Base layer: 3 mil ~inyl of medium hardness Suitable ~or ball poink pen and permanent msrkers :
3. Upper layer: 1.2 mil polypropylene Intermediate layer: rubberized, soft adhe~ive :~ Base layer: 2 mil ~lnyl with plasticizers for softness :
Suitable for ball point pen or markers~ Provides an easy:ink remov l 4. Upper:layer: 1.2 mil pol~propylene Intermediate layer: semi-hard, ~crylic re~in (1 mil~
~; 20 Base layex: soft vinyl with plasticizers, approx. lO
mil thick : Suitable for pen and mar~er use. Easy to erase 5. Upper layer: 1.6 mm polypropylene Intermediate layer: rubberized adhe~ive 2 mil thick : 25 Base ~ayer- 20 to 85 point styren~
Suitable for ball-poi~t pen and marker use. Clean writing surface ~: 6. Upper l~yer: 2,5 mil polypropylene Inkenmed1ate }ayer: soft, rubberized adhesi~e at l-. 30 2 mil t~ickne~s ;~: Base layer: 20-85 pt. Duobrike dual direction milled : board SUBS~ITUT~ SHEET
W~0/11183 PCT/CA~/0010~
-- 2 0 ~
¢ , , `! ,:
' 1 1 - ' ,, Suitable for ball point pen and narrow line markers~ ;
Some indention of ba~e with hea~y handad pen use.
7. Upper layer: 1.6 mil polypropylene ;~
Intermediate layer: so~t synthetic elas~omer solution applied 1.6 grams p~r meter2 Base layerO Metalixed plastic Suitable for wide maxkers 8. Upper layer: 1.2 mil polypropyl~ne In~ermediate layer: semi-hard, high molecular weight polymeric adhesive - Base layer: so~t vinyl at 1-2.5 mil ~hickness Suitable for pen and marker. No~ as easy to erase 9. Upper layer: 1.6 mil polypropy1ene ~ . Intermediate Iayex: semi-soft acrylic pressure-:~: 1;5 sensitive adhesive 2 mm Base material: Synth~tic paper such as Texoprint Sui~able.for pen and marker. Easy to write and erase lO.~Upper layer: 1.2: to 3.6:mi1~polypropy1ene Intermediate l~yerO rubberized adh~sivs or hot melt :~ 20 at 2-3 mil thick ~ : :
:
Base Layer o 2 0 pt ~ paper ~ :
; Suitable~for pen~or marker. Heavy pen use can 1eave~
~: indenta~ion .
: - ~
: 11. Upper layer: 1.6 mil:polypropylene Inte ~ ediaté" laye~: ~:semi-soft pressure sensi~ive -a~xylic adhesive~ 2 mil;thick) ~ : ;
~ Base layer: 1 mm~vinyl with mi~imal p1asticizers:~
:~ Additional Adhesive layer: ame as intermedia~e layer :
~ : Further subs~rate:~ 20 to 85:point styrene :~ 30 Enhanc~d suitability ov~r example 5.
I21 Upper Iayer: l.4 mil polypropylene .
~' ~
~: Slll~STITUTE SI~EET
W~90111~$3 :. P~ A90/0010 Intermediate layer: pre~sure sensiti~e water base adheslve ~as~ layex: l mil plasticized vinyl Additional Adhesi~e layer: same as in~ermediate layer Further ~ubstrate: release liner 13. Vpper layer: .75 mil polypropylene Intermediate lay~r: pressure-sensitive acrylic adhesive (1-2 mil) Base layer: l mil ~inyl ~0 Further adhesi~e layer: pressure sensitive adhesi~e (l mil) ~ Conducti~e layer: Foil ~dditional adhesive~layer: same as above Further sub~trate: any suitable ma~erial ` I5 With excessive amounts of adhesi~e this became ~; a ~pongy ~aterial.
With suitable amoun~s of adhesive~ suitable for pens and markers.
14. Upper laye~: 1.6 mil polyprop~lene ~;` 20;~ Intermedi~te layer5 Pressure sensitive semi-soft acrylic adhesive (1-2 mil thick):
~;~ : Base layer: l to:S mil vinyl dhesi~e layer: Pressure sensitive ac ~ lic adhesi~e : incorpora~ing carbon particle~
Substrateo A~y suitable material Suitable ~or pen or marker.
: 15. Upper layer: .75 mil po~ypropylene Intermediate layer: acry1ic pressure-sensitive : adhesi~e (l mil) ~ :
, , Ba~e layerz 1 mil rubber sheeting Suitab~e for pen or marker. Yery easy ko erase.
' 16. Coiating: Silicon ;~ Upper layer. l.25 mil po1ypropylene SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO90~11183 . 2 ~ ~ ~ 6 ~1 ~CT/CA~/~0102 13 ~
Adhesive: synthetic rubber hot melt (l mil) Base layer: 2.5 mil ~inyl with plas~icizers to "rubberize"
The above descriptions and examples obviously suggest many possible ~ariations and modification~ of this invention which would not depart from its spirit and scope. It should ~e understood, therefore, that the invention is no~
lLmited in its application to the details speci~ically described o.r illustrated, and that, within the scope of the claims it may be practised otherwise than as specifica1ly described or illustrated.
.
: : , : .
:~
~ ~ , , ,,~
il , .
~UBSTITUTE SHEET
, ~ , ...... ~. , .. , ... ;,,j, .. . ~ . ...
str~tched, rolled, bi-axially oriented, me}t and ormed, and/or blown. The pr~ferred use i5 bi-axially oriented polypropylene. Both low and high densi~y polypropylenes :
may be used, although those with a harder ~urface gen~rally p~xform better, that is~ they relea~e th~ inks be~er and do not ind2nt as easily.
:., Although polypropylene provides some of the best charact~ristics for easy removal of inks, as an independent film, polypropylene will not support the uses provided by the current invention. Only by enhancement, refininy and control can po:lypropylene perform as desired within the composite. Polypropylene films find utility when supported or lamiinated to another material in order to accommodate a particular end use. The lamina~e construction of the current invention provide~ durability of the:material~and increased longevity of use as compared to the qu~ick ~deterioration of unsupported:polypropylene.
: Most impoxtantly, the composite provides a specîfic, esilient writing surface which allows the inks to "set 20 upn or adhere to the fiIm. This is indicated in Figure 2 which shows the spread of the ink~ 6, upon: ~he depression of the writing material by a pen 4. Because of the nature : : of the composite, it is theorized that ~he angle of wettin~ pro~ide~ by this action i~ significantly ralated : :~ ` 25 to the~ability of ~he~laminate to accept ball point p n : inks. Or to ~tate it~another way, it is ~he resilience of ;the laminate that provides; ~he proper medium for allowing the composite to be written upon.
Development of a laminate al~o provides a background : 30 colour, if desired,: which would facilitate eas~ reading of the written material. If left clear, though afixed to:a base ma~erial, the laminate would retain a limited, although de~irable pr~duct for editing purposes or other similar uses. And ~inally, the development of a laminate :~ 35 allow~ a smoother writing surfac~ which acts as a buffer : : SUBSTITUTE SHEET
W~ ~/11183 PC~/CA90/~0102 t:~`'; . ~ 7 _ 2 ~ 6 i~
between ~he writing sur~ace and the unrelated support surface, that i~ a t~ble surface, chart surf~ce ox other such support. This is also important a~ the ~urface layer o the laminat~ will suffer deterioration wh~n xubbed over a patterned base or support, the higher areas receiving more abrasion as tha writing surface is wiped clean.
As an enhancament of the ~asic laminate, polypropylene may ba modified by the inclusion of friction reducing agents such as, but not limited to, fatty acid amids, olefins or sllicon. Such additives migrate to the surface, continually res~oring the:original surface slip. As a further ~bodiment, a thin surface layer 10, may also be added to th~ writing surface of the polypropylene, such as, but not limited to, a finely di~ided organic material : 15 or.silicon to decr~ase friction. Use of such a friction : coating could pxovide good performance in regard to smoothness and conductivity. The resulting film could ha~e a mor~ s~able surface without any adverse effec~s on : appearance or wetting. Antistatic agents could also be added to help dissipate the static charges of the ~ laminate. This is helpful in th~t charged surfaces can :: cause resi~tance ;to: the easy removal of inks from the ~` ~ writing surface. St~tic chàrges have:been shown to occur from environmental conditions or from an unstable mating of materials within the laminat2.
b D~pending on the application and speciflc material construction, a variety of adhesives may be used to form the in~e~mediate ,layeri 14. Suitable ,adhesives ,can include, but are not limited to, hard d ~ ing urethane, or acrylic-based adhesives, soft dryingt pressure sensitive acrylic or water;based adhesives, or a rubber or ~ubberized adhesive, including hot-melt adhesives. Th~
a~h~si~e may also contain additives such as, but no~
limited to, carbon, lithium and atactic polypxopylene to ~nhance conductivity characteristics. The specific type SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO9OJ111~3 ~ ~ PCT/CA~0102 ~ - 8 -of adhesi~e to be used is dependent upon ~he ~ype o~ base ma~erial used and the thickness of ~he top lay~r of :~:
polypropylene chosan. Testing has shown that sot, pr~ssure-sensitive acrylic-based adhesives appear to offer kh~ b~st per~onmance, closely followed by rubberized adhesi~es. Hard adhesives will generally only perform well when combined with a soft base 16. :.
~":
Althou~h a permanent adhesive i5 preferred, urther ;~
imp~ovement to the adhesive s~ructure i~ recommended. It is preferred tha~ the underside of the polypropylene ilm, where i~ is joined to the base 16, be subjected to corona discharge and that the ba~e material be treated with an anti-slip agent before they are af~ixed together. This provides greater stability to the laminate, and mi~igates : 15 undesired ~hifting, slipping or separa~ion of the various elements. ~ ~
Use of certain adhesives, such:as for example, urethane adhesives, requires an~aging or curing time before the materia1 will work effectively.~ :
: ~ 20 AlInos~ any material can be used :as a support base 16:. The prefexred material: for forming the base is a vinyl material with a: thickness o~f hO 10ss than about .5 mils.
Th~ vinyl may be poured, roll~d, blown or lamina~ed, and additives to i ncrea~e the resilierlGe Inay be added to ::
~: 25 produce a "soft" vinyl. Othsr materials may also be suitable for use, including, but not limited to, oth~r : :elastom~r~,~ s~y~en~,~synthetic pap~r suc~ as that sold.
under the tradename "Texoprint~', papex board such as that : sold-under ~he:~tradena~e "Durobrite", and~etal and hard-board suc~ as ma~erial sold under the tradename Masonitell, as well ~s rubber and rubberized materials.
Paper~may be a suitable base only~when used in conjunc~ion with a ~ery elastic or resilient adhesi~e as otherwise paper tends to indent koo easily, making removal of the : .
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO ~11183 .. PCTlCA~00102 9 ~ 2 ~
inks difficult.
It becomes evident that adhesi~es mus* be balanced wi~h the base ma~erial to develop a laminate that i5 suitably functional. Each time one of the material~i used within S the laminate is changed or modified, the specifics of the composition need to be rebalanced. If, ~or example, a relatively soft, spongy material such as blown vinyl polymer or foam-backed ~inyl is used to form the base, a hard urethane-based adhesive may be used as khe intexmediate layer 14 to pro~ide a good smear-proof writing sur~ace. If such a soft base is combined with a softer adhesive, the resulting writing ~urface tends to allow inks to be much moxe easily removed. Yet if combined with a ~ery soft, thick layer o~ adhesive, this same foam-backed ~inyI base may result in a surface that :~ does not ~asily accept ink.
Additional layers:to the laminate may be used to enhance the utilization of the composite. It has been found that it may be~suitable to add a conducti~e layer 22 such as `: ` ` ~ :
~20 carbon or foil to the:composite ~o enhance the ease of :~ erasibility ~for certain:composites. In this case, the use o~ heat seal 24 would:be:suitable in: the lamination of : foi-l to the laminate.~ Further, a final:layer of ~hesive 18 could~be added to any of: the developed laminates to ~: 25 allow adhesion of ~he:composite to ~he ~urf~ce of choiceO
: This would a~so require the ~ddition of a r~lease line 20 to facilitate use of the composite as a "self stick~ or label materiàl. ~ i!
: E~A~pLæ:
.
.
~he~ prQsent invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are represen~ative of the :~-- multiple forms the composite can take.
~` .
~ SUBSTiTUTE SHEET
W09~/111~3 ~ " PCr/C~0/~0102 ' ` ~ 10 -- , 1. Upper layer~ l.6 mil polypropylene ~:
Intermediate layer: urethane adhesive (le~s than lmm :-:
thickn~ss) Ba~e: l5 mil thick foam~b~cked vinyl ~
Suitable for ball point pens and markers. Provides a ::
very smooth wrîting sur~ace.
2. Upper layer: 1 mil polypropylene Int6rmediate layer: semi~so~t acrylic pressure-~ensitiv~ adhesive (l mil) Base layer: 3 mil ~inyl of medium hardness Suitable ~or ball poink pen and permanent msrkers :
3. Upper layer: 1.2 mil polypropylene Intermediate layer: rubberized, soft adhe~ive :~ Base layer: 2 mil ~lnyl with plasticizers for softness :
Suitable for ball point pen or markers~ Provides an easy:ink remov l 4. Upper:layer: 1.2 mil pol~propylene Intermediate layer: semi-hard, ~crylic re~in (1 mil~
~; 20 Base layex: soft vinyl with plasticizers, approx. lO
mil thick : Suitable for pen and mar~er use. Easy to erase 5. Upper layer: 1.6 mm polypropylene Intermediate layer: rubberized adhe~ive 2 mil thick : 25 Base ~ayer- 20 to 85 point styren~
Suitable for ball-poi~t pen and marker use. Clean writing surface ~: 6. Upper l~yer: 2,5 mil polypropylene Inkenmed1ate }ayer: soft, rubberized adhesi~e at l-. 30 2 mil t~ickne~s ;~: Base layer: 20-85 pt. Duobrike dual direction milled : board SUBS~ITUT~ SHEET
W~0/11183 PCT/CA~/0010~
-- 2 0 ~
¢ , , `! ,:
' 1 1 - ' ,, Suitable for ball point pen and narrow line markers~ ;
Some indention of ba~e with hea~y handad pen use.
7. Upper layer: 1.6 mil polypropylene ;~
Intermediate layer: so~t synthetic elas~omer solution applied 1.6 grams p~r meter2 Base layerO Metalixed plastic Suitable for wide maxkers 8. Upper layer: 1.2 mil polypropyl~ne In~ermediate layer: semi-hard, high molecular weight polymeric adhesive - Base layer: so~t vinyl at 1-2.5 mil ~hickness Suitable for pen and marker. No~ as easy to erase 9. Upper layer: 1.6 mil polypropy1ene ~ . Intermediate Iayex: semi-soft acrylic pressure-:~: 1;5 sensitive adhesive 2 mm Base material: Synth~tic paper such as Texoprint Sui~able.for pen and marker. Easy to write and erase lO.~Upper layer: 1.2: to 3.6:mi1~polypropy1ene Intermediate l~yerO rubberized adh~sivs or hot melt :~ 20 at 2-3 mil thick ~ : :
:
Base Layer o 2 0 pt ~ paper ~ :
; Suitable~for pen~or marker. Heavy pen use can 1eave~
~: indenta~ion .
: - ~
: 11. Upper layer: 1.6 mil:polypropylene Inte ~ ediaté" laye~: ~:semi-soft pressure sensi~ive -a~xylic adhesive~ 2 mil;thick) ~ : ;
~ Base layer: 1 mm~vinyl with mi~imal p1asticizers:~
:~ Additional Adhesive layer: ame as intermedia~e layer :
~ : Further subs~rate:~ 20 to 85:point styrene :~ 30 Enhanc~d suitability ov~r example 5.
I21 Upper Iayer: l.4 mil polypropylene .
~' ~
~: Slll~STITUTE SI~EET
W~90111~$3 :. P~ A90/0010 Intermediate layer: pre~sure sensiti~e water base adheslve ~as~ layex: l mil plasticized vinyl Additional Adhesi~e layer: same as in~ermediate layer Further ~ubstrate: release liner 13. Vpper layer: .75 mil polypropylene Intermediate lay~r: pressure-sensitive acrylic adhesive (1-2 mil) Base layer: l mil ~inyl ~0 Further adhesi~e layer: pressure sensitive adhesi~e (l mil) ~ Conducti~e layer: Foil ~dditional adhesive~layer: same as above Further sub~trate: any suitable ma~erial ` I5 With excessive amounts of adhesi~e this became ~; a ~pongy ~aterial.
With suitable amoun~s of adhesive~ suitable for pens and markers.
14. Upper laye~: 1.6 mil polyprop~lene ~;` 20;~ Intermedi~te layer5 Pressure sensitive semi-soft acrylic adhesive (1-2 mil thick):
~;~ : Base layer: l to:S mil vinyl dhesi~e layer: Pressure sensitive ac ~ lic adhesi~e : incorpora~ing carbon particle~
Substrateo A~y suitable material Suitable ~or pen or marker.
: 15. Upper layer: .75 mil po~ypropylene Intermediate layer: acry1ic pressure-sensitive : adhesi~e (l mil) ~ :
, , Ba~e layerz 1 mil rubber sheeting Suitab~e for pen or marker. Yery easy ko erase.
' 16. Coiating: Silicon ;~ Upper layer. l.25 mil po1ypropylene SUBSTITUTE SHEET
WO90~11183 . 2 ~ ~ ~ 6 ~1 ~CT/CA~/~0102 13 ~
Adhesive: synthetic rubber hot melt (l mil) Base layer: 2.5 mil ~inyl with plas~icizers to "rubberize"
The above descriptions and examples obviously suggest many possible ~ariations and modification~ of this invention which would not depart from its spirit and scope. It should ~e understood, therefore, that the invention is no~
lLmited in its application to the details speci~ically described o.r illustrated, and that, within the scope of the claims it may be practised otherwise than as specifica1ly described or illustrated.
.
: : , : .
:~
~ ~ , , ,,~
il , .
~UBSTITUTE SHEET
, ~ , ...... ~. , .. , ... ;,,j, .. . ~ . ...
Claims (15)
What is claimed is:
1. A writing material wherein the structure of the writing material is comprised of a multi-layer laminate having a basic structure of:
A) a top layer comprised of polypropylene, B) an intermediate layer of adhesive, AND
C) a base layer
A) a top layer comprised of polypropylene, B) an intermediate layer of adhesive, AND
C) a base layer
2. A writing material according to Claim 1, wherein the laminate is constructed so as to balance the components of the structure to provide the necessary resilience to the writing material to accommodate a sufficient angle of wetting which will allow use of the material, as designed, by ball point pens.
3. A writing material according to Claim 1, wherein the A layer is selected from stretched, rolled or bi-axially oriented polypropylene.
4. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the chosen polypropylene has a guage of about .5 to 10 millimetres in thickness.
5. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 and 3, wherein the adhesive layer B is selected from one of a) water-based pressure sensitive adhesive, b) acrylic-based pressure sensitive adhesive, c) rubber-base or rubberized adhesives, or d) urethane adhesives to balance the needs of the A and C layers of the laminate so as to provide a resilience which facilitates the use of the material.
6. A writing material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the base layer C is a smooth surfaced material suitable for providing support to the desired laminate.
7. A writing material according to Claim 6, wherein the base layer C is selected from one of a) vinyl, b) another elastomer, c) rubber or synthetic rubber, d) styrene, e) paper board, f) paper or synthetic paper.
8. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein additional substrates or bases, and associated adhesive layers, are added to the laminate as necessary to provide additional strength or other conformity to a specific desired use of the laminate.
9. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein conductive layer of adhesive is added to the composite as necessary to provide a specific desired use of the laminate which would otherwise have difficulties with conductive properties.
10. A writing material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a conductive layer of material comprised of foil or carbon or other such material as necessary to provide a specific desired use of the laminate which would otherwise have difficulties with conductive properties.
11. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein slip or friction coating is added to the top A
layer as necessary to provide a specific desired use of the laminate which would otherwise have difficulties with ease of writing on the writing material.
layer as necessary to provide a specific desired use of the laminate which would otherwise have difficulties with ease of writing on the writing material.
12. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an anti-static agent is used as necessary to provide a specific desired use of the laminate which would otherwise have difficulties with static charges inherent to the selected laminate.
13. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the reverse side of the writing surface is corona treated as necessary to facilitate secure binding of the laminate by adhesives.
14. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the base materials are treated with an anti-slip agent prior to adhesion as necessary to provide a specific use of the laminate, thus facilitating secure binding of the laminate by adhesives.
15. A writing material according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a final layer of adhesive and a release liner are provided on the base to provide a "self-stick" product.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898906987A GB8906987D0 (en) | 1989-03-28 | 1989-03-28 | Writing material |
| GB8906987.6 | 1989-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2048611A1 true CA2048611A1 (en) | 1990-09-29 |
Family
ID=10654062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002048611A Abandoned CA2048611A1 (en) | 1989-03-28 | 1990-03-28 | Re-usable writing material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5418390A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2048611A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8906987D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990011183A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0463712A3 (en) * | 1990-06-27 | 1992-04-08 | University Patents, Inc. | Polynucleotide phosphorodithioates as therapeutic agents for retroviral infections |
| US5837341A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1998-11-17 | Sharon Jane Johnstone | Laminated printing sheet |
| AUPO588997A0 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1997-04-24 | Webster, Mervyn William | Greeting card |
| DE19715938C2 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2003-10-09 | Nordenia Deutschland Gronau | Multi-layer coextrudate with a sticky core layer |
| FI990618A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-02-15 | Jp Vision Technologies Ltd Oy | Method and scorecard for scoring, especially in golf |
| KR100430990B1 (en) * | 2002-02-09 | 2004-05-12 | 주식회사 오광 | A polystyrene board have write-layer |
| USD851702S1 (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2019-06-18 | Bucktap Llc | Desk pad |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5684954A (en) * | 1979-12-12 | 1981-07-10 | Azona Kk | Filmmpaper laminate and its manufacture |
| EP0092592A1 (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-11-02 | Planhorse International Ltd. | Reusable writing material |
| GB2177413B (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1989-03-01 | Bxl Plastics Ltd | Antistatic coating compositions |
| GB2210825B (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1992-03-04 | Courtaulds Films & Packaging | Polymeric films |
-
1989
- 1989-03-28 GB GB898906987A patent/GB8906987D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-03-28 WO PCT/CA1990/000102 patent/WO1990011183A1/en active Application Filing
- 1990-03-28 AU AU54183/90A patent/AU5418390A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-03-28 CA CA002048611A patent/CA2048611A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1990011183A1 (en) | 1990-10-04 |
| GB8906987D0 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| AU5418390A (en) | 1990-10-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |