CA2045826A1 - Method for the production of a heat storage means and a heat storage means adapted for the method - Google Patents
Method for the production of a heat storage means and a heat storage means adapted for the methodInfo
- Publication number
- CA2045826A1 CA2045826A1 CA002045826A CA2045826A CA2045826A1 CA 2045826 A1 CA2045826 A1 CA 2045826A1 CA 002045826 A CA002045826 A CA 002045826A CA 2045826 A CA2045826 A CA 2045826A CA 2045826 A1 CA2045826 A1 CA 2045826A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat storage
- inner container
- core
- storage means
- insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000612182 Rexea solandri Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008542 thermal sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure For the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, a high quality insulation may be produced without thermal damage in a substantially shorter period of time, which is economically acceptable and the insulation may be sufficiently long lasting for use in automobiles, if after the insulating zone has been heated after the production of the housing for degassing and has been evacuated, the bake out is performed at a temperature which is substantially above the operational temperature of the core and said components: of the heat storage core are then protected against any temperature-dependent damage to the heat storage core.
Description
~ l a ~ Z 6 A METHOD F~R T~IE PRODUCTION OF ~ HEAT STORAGb ME~NS A~D
A HEAT STORAGE MEANS ADAPTED FOR THE METHOD--BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The invention relates to a method for the production of a heat 5 storage means, more particularly in the form of a latent hea-t storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in 10 the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage mediùm in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a hea-t trans-fer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transFer medium, such ducts being connected with the FIow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, the insulating 15 zone having been baked out after the production of the housing for degassing and hclving heen evacuated, and to a heat storage means for performing the rnethod.
In the case of vehlcle heating systems there ls the general aim of being able to store hea1: overnlght so that when starting up in the 20 morning there is suF-ficient stored heat until the engine cooling water has attained its operating temperature. Taking into account the normal requirements in vehicle construction as regards low weight ancl a low overall size, the quality oF the Insulation desired in the heat storage means may only be attained by having a double-walled housing, which 25 encloses the storage core on all sides and has an insulating vacuum in l s double walling. In th s respect It may be a question of a hlgh ll ~ 2 i~
vacuum or o-F in~-ula-tion in -the form of microporous materials as For instance powdem or fibers, the space between them being additionally evacuated. ThereFore housings comprising an outer container and an inner container are u-tilizeci, an insulating zone being present between, through 5 which the inlet ~iuct and the ou-tlet duct extend for the heat -transFer medium. Therefore thermal losses may be caused by convection and thermal conduction in the heat transfer medium, for instance in the form of the engine cooling water or oF the engine exhaust gas A heat storage means with such insula-tion is described in the German patent publication 10 3,61~,318 A tor instance.
The effec-tiveness oF the insula-tion o-F such heat storage means is dependent on the one hand on the use o-F vacuum technology, which has long been known, and on the other hand on the sealed design oF the insulating vessel with its inner and outer containers so that the thermal conduction 15 by solici structul-es is limited to the inlet and outlet ducts and to the means supporting the inner container in the outer container. The conduction of heat via the inlet and outlet ducts with a small cross section and long paths may be kept relatively low.
After the mechanical part of the production of such a heat 20 storage housing the desired insulating efFect is able to be achieved by evacuation of ah- From the insulating zone within a few minutes. This insulating eFfect is however no-t permanent, because it is possible For materials to be ai-~sorbed on the surFaces, which delimit the insuiating zone, of the outer and inner containers, oF any radiation shields 25 positioned in the insuiating zone, on microscopic insulating materials and also on the essentiai Fittings in the insuiating zone, that is to say the iniet and outiet ducts and on the means supporting the inner container, such materials evaporating in the course of -time so that the pressure in the inC,uiatirlg zone is increased and the insulatlng efFect of 30 the vacuum is re(iuced.
For this reason vacuum-insulated vessels are degassed For a prolonged period ol time aFter the mechanicai production of the equipment, the h~sulating zone being continuaily evacuated. In order to reduce the degassing time to For instance 2~ hours the insulating vessel 35 is heated to an elevated temperature during evacuation, this being termed baking out. Experience has shown that an increase in the temperature of 10 C results in halving the degassing time.
-3~
It is ful- thermore known that a signi-ficant source of contamination h1 vacuum vessels is water adsorbed on the walls. For the removal of the wa-ter three distinct -tempera-ture stages are possible that is to say appro<ima-tely 120 C with low rates o-f evapora-tion, 180 C wlth very evaporation rcL-tes and approximately 360 C with a practically 100%
evaporation .
It is also l<nown that during the degassing the long term effect is dependent on Ihe minimum temperature which is reached on the surfaces in the insulca-tincJ zone. It follows from -this that for a given long term i0 effect all surfaces defining the insulating zone will have to reach the minimum temperature or to exceed it.
For the ~uil scale application to automobile construction a long term effect of the vacuum is necessary, which requires a baking out in the second stage range at 180 C. The operational temperature of heat 15 s-torage means of this type is however at 90 C and the maximum temperature necessary is 125 C. The bake out temperature necessary for the produc-tion of a good vacuum is consequently substantially above the operational temperature which is later to be expected. The result of this is that there is the problem of thermal damage to the heat storage 20 means durin~ the process oF production, as for instance owing to increased vapor pressure of the heat storage media ernployed, or owir)g to degradation of the suppor-ting parts in the heat storage core, for instance synthetic resins, due to thermal expansion.
SHORT '`.UMMARY OF Ti-lE PRESENT INVENTION.
Accordingly one object oF the invention is to devise a process for the productic,rl o-f heat storage means oF the type Initially mentioned such that a high quclllty insulation may be produced wlthout thermal damage in a substantic-Llly shorter period oF tlme, whlch is economically acceptable. Mor~ partlcularly the lnsulaLtlon is to be suFFlciently long 30 lasting for use h1 automobiles. Furthermore the a heat storage means is to be so design~ri that in Its production lt makes possible the use of the method in accordance with the invention.
In orcler to achieve these or other objects appearing Frorn the present specifica-tion, claims and drawings bake out ls performed a-t a 35 temperature which is substantially above the operational temperature of the heat storage means and in this respect the temperature-sensitive components oF the heat storage core a-e protected against damage due to - 4~ 3 2 i~
the eFFects of tel11perature.
The -type of protection For the temperature-sensitive components o-F the heat storage core is dependent on the type of possible damage to the heat storage core, which inherently - as mentioned above - may directly result From the thermal sensitivity oF the materials which are used and/or From -the load on the materials causecl by -thermal expansion of the mechanical components of the heat storage core or from excessively high vapor pressures in the heat storage medium.
In accordance with a further possible development of the 10 invention at least during the bake ou-t the heat storage core is thermally insulated -From tne insulating zone, and in accordance with a Further advantageous developments an insulating space between the heat storage core and the inner container is either filled at least during bake out oF
the insulating zone with a gas having a low thermal conductivity or is 15 evacuated .
In accordar1ce with a Further aclvantageous embodiment of the invention durin~l the bake of the insulating zone the elevated vapor pressure acting on the partitions oF -the chamber containing the hea-t storage medium is supported and in accordance with a convenient 20 embodiment oF the invention during bake out a static pressure is built up in the flow paths in the inner container in order to compensate -For the elevated vapor pl-eC.sure oF the heat storage medium.
In accordance with a further convenlent Further development of the invention during bake out the inner container is Filled with a 25 liquid, whose ternperature-dependent vapor pressure Function is so selected that it cornpensates the vapor pressure of the heat storage medium during bai<e out, such iiqùicl being hermetically sealed of F durlng bake out in the inner container. PreFerabiy, the inner con-tainer ls in this case Filled with ethylene glycol.
In accord.lnce with another convenient clevelopment oF the invention during bai<e out a cooling medium is caused to pass through the flow path, such cc)oling medium being for instance a mixture oF ethyiene glycoi and water~
In the case oF à heat storage means with an insulating gap 35 between an outer surFace, which surrounds the heat storage core between two end surFaces, in which the flow path, which runs through the heat storage core, encis and, respectiveiy, begins, and -the inner container, - 5 - ~ 2~
¦there is the pos,ibility oF a further advantageous development such that the flow of the cooling medium through the insulating gap is shut of F
between the end surFaces so that the medium, which is prevented from Flowing, is heated up and prevents any undesired cooling down of the 5 inner container cluring bake out.
Another very advantageous form of the invention in the case of a heat storage mear1s with an insulating gap which is between an outer surface, which surrounds the heat storage core between two end surfaces, in which surfaces the flow path, which runs through the heat s-torage 10 core, ends and, r espectively, begins, and the inner container, there is the feature that at the start of bake out the cooling medium is heated up generally at the operational temperature range of the heat storage means and the during hake up is kept in such t~mperature range. As a result the desired bal<e out temperature is attained more rapidly and during bake 15 out an excessive cooling of the inner container ks prevented.
The evacuation of the insulating zone is a high-cost operation, For which reason it is desirable for the duration of this step to be as short as possible. ThereFore in accordance with a Further embodiment of the invention the hea-t storage core is firstly preheated with a fluid 20 functioning as a heat transfer medium at the maximum permitted temperature of the heat storage core and it is then held at -this temperature level until the bake out operation is completed.
In this respect the fluid -Functions as a heatlng medium until the desired temperature level ls reached and thereafter, until the 25 terminatlon of the bake out operatlon at a bake out temperature exceeding the maximum permltted ternperature oF the heat storage core, as a coollng med ium.
In accorclance wlth a Further convenlent developrnent oF the Invention the method is in this respect such that the evacuatlon oF the 30 insulatlng zone starts wlth a time lag aFter the preheatlng of the heat storage core, lt heing more particularly advantageous if the heat storage means with a preheated heat storage core is moved Into a bake out statlon in whlch the lnsulating zone is baked out and evacuated.
In order to perForm the method, a heat storage means comprising a 35 housing, which is made up of an outer contalner and an inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber with a s-torage medlum in it, said chamber beh-lcJ separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transFer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the hea-t transfer medium, such ciucts being connected with the Flow path 5 and extending outwards through the insulating zone, has the Further development tha-l- -the heat storage core is supported with a clearance between it and l`1e inner wall surFace oF the inner container and the space between the inner container and -the heat storage core is connected with the flow. rherefore there is the possibility, during the bake out 10 of the space between the inner container and the hea-t storage core, of supplying the space between the inner container and the heat storage core with a thermally insulating gas, via the conducting connection, which leads to the ou-tside and during operation of the heat exchanger provides the flow connection in the heat storage core, or of evacuating this 15 space. However it is possible also, during bake out, for instance using the thermally inslllating gas, for a static pressure to be built up in the flow paths, such pressure compensating for the elevated vapor pressure, which occurs durin~ bake out, of the hea-t storage mediurn. Finally there is also the possibility, during the bake out stage, o-F charging with a 20 liquid as for instance ethylene glycol, via the duct connection, the temperature-dependent vapor pressure characteristic thereof being so selected that it compensates for the vapor pressure of the heat storage med i um d u ri n g bake out.
Preferably the heat storage core is supported in -the inner 25 container by means of support elements oF thermally insulating material, which is resistant to heating in the bake out temperature range.
In accorclclnce with a yet a Further clevelopment oF the invention the inlet and outlet ducts open into the Inner container, in which at the encls of l:he heat storage core, at the Flow paths extending through the 30 heat storage core open, respectively between -the inner container and the heat storage core a collectlng space ls held Free For the heat transFer medlum.
In the case oF heat storage means ln whose heat storage core the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into ca number of 35 chamber parts, which are separated and the Flow path for the heat transFer medium is separated into a plurality oF ducts extending between the chamber parts and the ducts, is enclosed by thin partition walls and - 7 - ~ $ ~ ~
have a shallow cross section so that the long sides of their cross s0ctions are adja(:ent to each other, there is the possibillty of a further development of the invention such that the distance between -these flat cross sectior-l sides oF adjacen-t chamber parts is so sized that these 5 cross section sides rnutually support each other under the influence oF
the vapor pressure increasing the cross section of the chamber parts before the expansion o-f the walls oF the chamber parts exceeds a safety th reshol d .
In the case of a heat storage means in whose heat storage core 10 the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into a plurality of chamber parts and the flow path is divided up into a plurality of ducts extending between these chamber parts, the duct and the chamber parts being separated from each other by thin partition walls, there is the possibllity of a further convenient development of the invention such 15 that the partition walls are connected with each other by spacers so that forces due to increased vapor pressure and/or thermal expansion are taken up. In accordance with a convenient further development the spacers are connected with the partition walls in a tension transmitting manner and may consequently resist any increased vapor pressure in the space, in 20 which the spacers are arranged.
Furthermore more particularly in cases in which during bake out the flow path for the heat transfer medlum has a cooling medium flowing around It, a further possibility consists In an arrangement in which the spacers are arranged in the ducts for the heat transFer medium. Owing to 25 the uptake of hea-t by the coolant the vapor pressure thereof increases so that the vapor pressure oF the coolant may aiso endanger the thin partition walls between the ducts and the chamber parts for the heat storage medium. The forces acting on the partition walls under the inFluence oF the vapor pressure are taken up as tensiie Forces by the 30 spacers.
In accort:iance wlth an advantageous development oF the invention the heat storage core is surrounded by a core casing, which is supported on the inner conl:ainer.
As part o-f a still Further possibie development oF the invention 35 the be tween two en d su r Faces, at w h ich the d uc ts beion g i n g to the f iow path open, the core casing has an surFace between opposite ends thereof, which with the formation of an insuiating gap is opposite to the sur-Face 2 ~ ~ rJ ~ 2 ~
of the inner container between opposite ends thereoF, this insulating gap being filled, if desired, with a microporous insulating material.
Preferably the insulating gap is however connected with at least one of the collecting spaces in order to permit Flow to or Flow through of a coolant serving for cooling the heat storage core. If the insulating gap is only connected with one oF the collecting spaces the coolant in the insulating gap will come to rest and be heated up so that in the manner already mentioned any cooling of the inner container will be prevented.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several working embodiments thereof .
LIST OF Ti-lE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE FIGURES.
Figure 1 shows a diagrammatlc longi-tudinal section taken through a latent heat storage means for motor vehicles and which is suitable for performing the method in accordance with the invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross section taken through the heat storage means thereof in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 shows a similar cross section albeit taken throug.h another embodiment of the invention.
Figure ~ is a more detailed view of the structure illustrated in figure 2.
DETAILED ACCOUNT OF WORKING EMBODIMENTS OF Ti-lE Ii~lVEN-l ION.
The illustrated heat storage rneans has a houslng generally referenced 10 an(:l consisting of an outer container 12 and an inner container 14 whic h ls mounted thereln with a clearance on all sides, the means supportlnt~J the lnner contalner 1~ in the outer one 12 in order to constitute an insulating vesst-31 not being iilustrated. In the inner 30 container 1~ a heat storage core 16 ls arranged, in which the storage zone 18 for the heat storage medium has a piurality of mutuaily parallel ducts 20 runninc~l through it for a heat transfer medium, the arrangement being such that t:he ducts 20 emerge at two mutuaiiy remote end surfaces 22 and, respective~iy, 2~1 of the heat storage core 16 which is surrounded 35 by a core casing 26 and at this position respectiveiy opens in-to coilecting spaces 23 and, respectiveiy, 30 for -the heat transfer medium.
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two different embodiments of the heat _ 9 ~ 2 ~
storage core 16 ~url^ounded by the core casing 26.
In the c,lse of the design in accordance with -Figure 3 the core casing surrounds a group of flat chamber parts 18a, which are parallel to each other, are arranged with a gap between them in order to constltute 5 the ducts 20 and are filled with heat storage medium.
The charnber parts i8a are deFined by thin partition walls 38 separating them from the ducts 20, such walls being able to be deformed practically withou-t any pressure, spacers, oF which only one is indicated and which are clearly illustrated in Figure 4 at ~0, being arranged in -l O the d ucts 20, such spacers bei n g Fi xed l y con nected w ith the su rrou n d i n g walls 38 and at the edge of the heat storage core 16 with the core casing 26. In addition to the improvement to be described in what follows for the mechanical strength, the spacers ~0 Function to produce a turbulence on passage of a medium through the flow path.
The chamber parts 18a have a flat cross section, generally in the form of Flattened rectangles or ovals, the long sides of the cross sections of adjacent chamber parts 18a being opposi-te to each other.
In the illustrated working embodiment of figure 3 -there is the difference from l.he embodiment of the invention in accordance with figure 20 2 that a uniForm chamber 18b is provided For the heat storage medium, which is enclosed by the core casing 26. In the inner space of the chamber 18 Filled by the heat storage medium the ducts 20 are delimited by membrane-like spacers, in the form of hose, or support elements wlth a flattened cross sectional configuration with a distance between them and 25 w ith spaced wal l ~ 21.
The Flow path constltuted by the collecting spaces 28 and 30 and the ducts 20 for the heat transfer metiium in the heat storage core 16 ls connected with an inlet duct 32 and a return duct 3~, which open Into the inner contalner l~i, that is to say elther the h1let duct 32 opens into 30 the one collectln~J space 28 antl the return duct 2~ opens into the other collecting station 30, as ls illustrated, or the two ducts open into one of the two collecl:ing spaces, whlch is then divlded into an inlet and a return chamber; then the other collecting station Functions as a direction changing chamber For the heat trans-Fer medium.
Between the two opposite end surface 22 and 2~ the core has a surface 35, whicl~ ex-tends with a small clearance parallel to the oppositely placeci surface 37 extending between opposite ends of the inner l - 10 ~ 2 ~
container l~ so that between the two surfaces 35 and 37 an insulating gap 39 is Formed, which protects the heat storage medium 16 against overheating cluring bake out.
In the modiFied design illustrated in figure 2 it is necessary for the core casing 26 and therefore also the surface 35 to be open so that the insulath1g gap 39 constitutes a part of the flow path For -the heat transfer medium.
In the CdSe of a closed design of the core casing 26 as is necessary in the modified design of the storage core 16 in accordance with figure 3, and which may be employed in the design in accordance with figure 2 as well, it is possible -for the insulating gap 39 to be shut off. However, it may be open in the case of the collecting spaces 28 and 30 also for this reason also constitute a part of the flow path for the heat transfer medium. The insulating gap 39 may however also be filled with a microporous material in order to constitute permanent insulation between the inner container 14 and the heat storage core 16.
Between the outer container 12 and the inner con-tainer 14 there is an insulating zone 36, which is evacuated and may or may not contain microporous material. This insulating zone 36 is traversed by the inlet duct 32 and the return duct 34, which terminate outside the outer contai ner 12.
Between ihe core casing 26 and -the Inner container 14 there are support or bearer elements 42 manufactured of sufflciently heat resistant and preferably thermally insulating material.
After the complete assembly of the heat storage means as described in the above for permanent thermal insulation of the heat storage core 16 the above described bake out and evacuatlon of the insulating zone 36 is perFormed, for which purpose the complete heat storage means is for instance pu-t In an oven for the prescribed bake out time.
For the protection oF the heat storage core 16 it is possible for instance for the -flow path and therefore also the space, which constitute and insulating space, between the Inner sicle oF the inner container 14 and the outer side oF the core casing 26 to be filled with a thermally insulating gas or with a liquid, such as e-thylene glycol, whose variation in vapor pressure as dependent on temperature compensates for the vapor pressure in -the heat storage medium during bake out. However, it is also 2 ~
possible for a thermally insula-ting vacuum to be produced in the flow path, it then possibly being necessary for -the inlet duct 32 and the return duct 34 to be hermetically shut of F.
If the chamber parts 18 are deforrnecl by an elevated vapor 5 pressure o-F the heat storage medium, it is possible For mutually adJacent surrounding walls 38 to bear against each other.
However it is possible as well for a coolant, such as a mlxture of water and ethylene glycol, to circulate through the flow path in order to maintain the insulating space at a tempera-ture, which does not exceed 10 the operational temperature. In this respect it is possible -for the coolant to be heated up to the desired temperature of 120 C prior to the bake out and the evacuation so that in the ini-tial phase oF the bake out the inner contah~er 14 and therefore the inner limit or surface of the insulating zone 26 is also heated from the inside and therefore the bake 15 out temperature is more rapidly attained. IF aFter this the coolant is maintained at this temperature oF for instance -120 C by the heat which is to be removed, the heat storage core wlll be protected against the damaging effects of heat. However, the said coolant at a temperature of 120 C has a vapor pressure of 2 bar which the surrounding walls 38 are 20 not able to resist alone. The forces then acting on the surrounding walls 38 are taken up as tensile force by the spacers 40.
A iurther possible form of the invention, not illustrated, is such tha-t the insulating gap 39 is separated From one of the collecting spaces 2~3 and 30 so that flow through the insulating gap 39 is prevented, 25 while the coolant may flow via the duct 2 through the heat storage core and maintaln it ~lt the deslred low temperature. The coolant which is stationary in the h~sulating gap 39 rnay however be heated up so that an undesired coolin~ of the inner container 14 is prevented.
A particularly economic way of producing the heat storage means 30 is one in which the heat storage core is preheated h1 a preheating statlon, for instal1ce, to lts maximum permltted temperature and the heat storage means is then moved into a bake out station, where the insulating one ls hsated to the bake out temperature and ls svacusted.
A HEAT STORAGE MEANS ADAPTED FOR THE METHOD--BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The invention relates to a method for the production of a heat 5 storage means, more particularly in the form of a latent hea-t storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in 10 the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage mediùm in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a hea-t trans-fer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transFer medium, such ducts being connected with the FIow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, the insulating 15 zone having been baked out after the production of the housing for degassing and hclving heen evacuated, and to a heat storage means for performing the rnethod.
In the case of vehlcle heating systems there ls the general aim of being able to store hea1: overnlght so that when starting up in the 20 morning there is suF-ficient stored heat until the engine cooling water has attained its operating temperature. Taking into account the normal requirements in vehicle construction as regards low weight ancl a low overall size, the quality oF the Insulation desired in the heat storage means may only be attained by having a double-walled housing, which 25 encloses the storage core on all sides and has an insulating vacuum in l s double walling. In th s respect It may be a question of a hlgh ll ~ 2 i~
vacuum or o-F in~-ula-tion in -the form of microporous materials as For instance powdem or fibers, the space between them being additionally evacuated. ThereFore housings comprising an outer container and an inner container are u-tilizeci, an insulating zone being present between, through 5 which the inlet ~iuct and the ou-tlet duct extend for the heat -transFer medium. Therefore thermal losses may be caused by convection and thermal conduction in the heat transfer medium, for instance in the form of the engine cooling water or oF the engine exhaust gas A heat storage means with such insula-tion is described in the German patent publication 10 3,61~,318 A tor instance.
The effec-tiveness oF the insula-tion o-F such heat storage means is dependent on the one hand on the use o-F vacuum technology, which has long been known, and on the other hand on the sealed design oF the insulating vessel with its inner and outer containers so that the thermal conduction 15 by solici structul-es is limited to the inlet and outlet ducts and to the means supporting the inner container in the outer container. The conduction of heat via the inlet and outlet ducts with a small cross section and long paths may be kept relatively low.
After the mechanical part of the production of such a heat 20 storage housing the desired insulating efFect is able to be achieved by evacuation of ah- From the insulating zone within a few minutes. This insulating eFfect is however no-t permanent, because it is possible For materials to be ai-~sorbed on the surFaces, which delimit the insuiating zone, of the outer and inner containers, oF any radiation shields 25 positioned in the insuiating zone, on microscopic insulating materials and also on the essentiai Fittings in the insuiating zone, that is to say the iniet and outiet ducts and on the means supporting the inner container, such materials evaporating in the course of -time so that the pressure in the inC,uiatirlg zone is increased and the insulatlng efFect of 30 the vacuum is re(iuced.
For this reason vacuum-insulated vessels are degassed For a prolonged period ol time aFter the mechanicai production of the equipment, the h~sulating zone being continuaily evacuated. In order to reduce the degassing time to For instance 2~ hours the insulating vessel 35 is heated to an elevated temperature during evacuation, this being termed baking out. Experience has shown that an increase in the temperature of 10 C results in halving the degassing time.
-3~
It is ful- thermore known that a signi-ficant source of contamination h1 vacuum vessels is water adsorbed on the walls. For the removal of the wa-ter three distinct -tempera-ture stages are possible that is to say appro<ima-tely 120 C with low rates o-f evapora-tion, 180 C wlth very evaporation rcL-tes and approximately 360 C with a practically 100%
evaporation .
It is also l<nown that during the degassing the long term effect is dependent on Ihe minimum temperature which is reached on the surfaces in the insulca-tincJ zone. It follows from -this that for a given long term i0 effect all surfaces defining the insulating zone will have to reach the minimum temperature or to exceed it.
For the ~uil scale application to automobile construction a long term effect of the vacuum is necessary, which requires a baking out in the second stage range at 180 C. The operational temperature of heat 15 s-torage means of this type is however at 90 C and the maximum temperature necessary is 125 C. The bake out temperature necessary for the produc-tion of a good vacuum is consequently substantially above the operational temperature which is later to be expected. The result of this is that there is the problem of thermal damage to the heat storage 20 means durin~ the process oF production, as for instance owing to increased vapor pressure of the heat storage media ernployed, or owir)g to degradation of the suppor-ting parts in the heat storage core, for instance synthetic resins, due to thermal expansion.
SHORT '`.UMMARY OF Ti-lE PRESENT INVENTION.
Accordingly one object oF the invention is to devise a process for the productic,rl o-f heat storage means oF the type Initially mentioned such that a high quclllty insulation may be produced wlthout thermal damage in a substantic-Llly shorter period oF tlme, whlch is economically acceptable. Mor~ partlcularly the lnsulaLtlon is to be suFFlciently long 30 lasting for use h1 automobiles. Furthermore the a heat storage means is to be so design~ri that in Its production lt makes possible the use of the method in accordance with the invention.
In orcler to achieve these or other objects appearing Frorn the present specifica-tion, claims and drawings bake out ls performed a-t a 35 temperature which is substantially above the operational temperature of the heat storage means and in this respect the temperature-sensitive components oF the heat storage core a-e protected against damage due to - 4~ 3 2 i~
the eFFects of tel11perature.
The -type of protection For the temperature-sensitive components o-F the heat storage core is dependent on the type of possible damage to the heat storage core, which inherently - as mentioned above - may directly result From the thermal sensitivity oF the materials which are used and/or From -the load on the materials causecl by -thermal expansion of the mechanical components of the heat storage core or from excessively high vapor pressures in the heat storage medium.
In accordance with a further possible development of the 10 invention at least during the bake ou-t the heat storage core is thermally insulated -From tne insulating zone, and in accordance with a Further advantageous developments an insulating space between the heat storage core and the inner container is either filled at least during bake out oF
the insulating zone with a gas having a low thermal conductivity or is 15 evacuated .
In accordar1ce with a Further aclvantageous embodiment of the invention durin~l the bake of the insulating zone the elevated vapor pressure acting on the partitions oF -the chamber containing the hea-t storage medium is supported and in accordance with a convenient 20 embodiment oF the invention during bake out a static pressure is built up in the flow paths in the inner container in order to compensate -For the elevated vapor pl-eC.sure oF the heat storage medium.
In accordance with a further convenlent Further development of the invention during bake out the inner container is Filled with a 25 liquid, whose ternperature-dependent vapor pressure Function is so selected that it cornpensates the vapor pressure of the heat storage medium during bai<e out, such iiqùicl being hermetically sealed of F durlng bake out in the inner container. PreFerabiy, the inner con-tainer ls in this case Filled with ethylene glycol.
In accord.lnce with another convenient clevelopment oF the invention during bai<e out a cooling medium is caused to pass through the flow path, such cc)oling medium being for instance a mixture oF ethyiene glycoi and water~
In the case oF à heat storage means with an insulating gap 35 between an outer surFace, which surrounds the heat storage core between two end surFaces, in which the flow path, which runs through the heat storage core, encis and, respectiveiy, begins, and -the inner container, - 5 - ~ 2~
¦there is the pos,ibility oF a further advantageous development such that the flow of the cooling medium through the insulating gap is shut of F
between the end surFaces so that the medium, which is prevented from Flowing, is heated up and prevents any undesired cooling down of the 5 inner container cluring bake out.
Another very advantageous form of the invention in the case of a heat storage mear1s with an insulating gap which is between an outer surface, which surrounds the heat storage core between two end surfaces, in which surfaces the flow path, which runs through the heat s-torage 10 core, ends and, r espectively, begins, and the inner container, there is the feature that at the start of bake out the cooling medium is heated up generally at the operational temperature range of the heat storage means and the during hake up is kept in such t~mperature range. As a result the desired bal<e out temperature is attained more rapidly and during bake 15 out an excessive cooling of the inner container ks prevented.
The evacuation of the insulating zone is a high-cost operation, For which reason it is desirable for the duration of this step to be as short as possible. ThereFore in accordance with a Further embodiment of the invention the hea-t storage core is firstly preheated with a fluid 20 functioning as a heat transfer medium at the maximum permitted temperature of the heat storage core and it is then held at -this temperature level until the bake out operation is completed.
In this respect the fluid -Functions as a heatlng medium until the desired temperature level ls reached and thereafter, until the 25 terminatlon of the bake out operatlon at a bake out temperature exceeding the maximum permltted ternperature oF the heat storage core, as a coollng med ium.
In accorclance wlth a Further convenlent developrnent oF the Invention the method is in this respect such that the evacuatlon oF the 30 insulatlng zone starts wlth a time lag aFter the preheatlng of the heat storage core, lt heing more particularly advantageous if the heat storage means with a preheated heat storage core is moved Into a bake out statlon in whlch the lnsulating zone is baked out and evacuated.
In order to perForm the method, a heat storage means comprising a 35 housing, which is made up of an outer contalner and an inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber with a s-torage medlum in it, said chamber beh-lcJ separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transFer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the hea-t transfer medium, such ciucts being connected with the Flow path 5 and extending outwards through the insulating zone, has the Further development tha-l- -the heat storage core is supported with a clearance between it and l`1e inner wall surFace oF the inner container and the space between the inner container and -the heat storage core is connected with the flow. rherefore there is the possibility, during the bake out 10 of the space between the inner container and the hea-t storage core, of supplying the space between the inner container and the heat storage core with a thermally insulating gas, via the conducting connection, which leads to the ou-tside and during operation of the heat exchanger provides the flow connection in the heat storage core, or of evacuating this 15 space. However it is possible also, during bake out, for instance using the thermally inslllating gas, for a static pressure to be built up in the flow paths, such pressure compensating for the elevated vapor pressure, which occurs durin~ bake out, of the hea-t storage mediurn. Finally there is also the possibility, during the bake out stage, o-F charging with a 20 liquid as for instance ethylene glycol, via the duct connection, the temperature-dependent vapor pressure characteristic thereof being so selected that it compensates for the vapor pressure of the heat storage med i um d u ri n g bake out.
Preferably the heat storage core is supported in -the inner 25 container by means of support elements oF thermally insulating material, which is resistant to heating in the bake out temperature range.
In accorclclnce with a yet a Further clevelopment oF the invention the inlet and outlet ducts open into the Inner container, in which at the encls of l:he heat storage core, at the Flow paths extending through the 30 heat storage core open, respectively between -the inner container and the heat storage core a collectlng space ls held Free For the heat transFer medlum.
In the case oF heat storage means ln whose heat storage core the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into ca number of 35 chamber parts, which are separated and the Flow path for the heat transFer medium is separated into a plurality oF ducts extending between the chamber parts and the ducts, is enclosed by thin partition walls and - 7 - ~ $ ~ ~
have a shallow cross section so that the long sides of their cross s0ctions are adja(:ent to each other, there is the possibillty of a further development of the invention such that the distance between -these flat cross sectior-l sides oF adjacen-t chamber parts is so sized that these 5 cross section sides rnutually support each other under the influence oF
the vapor pressure increasing the cross section of the chamber parts before the expansion o-f the walls oF the chamber parts exceeds a safety th reshol d .
In the case of a heat storage means in whose heat storage core 10 the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into a plurality of chamber parts and the flow path is divided up into a plurality of ducts extending between these chamber parts, the duct and the chamber parts being separated from each other by thin partition walls, there is the possibllity of a further convenient development of the invention such 15 that the partition walls are connected with each other by spacers so that forces due to increased vapor pressure and/or thermal expansion are taken up. In accordance with a convenient further development the spacers are connected with the partition walls in a tension transmitting manner and may consequently resist any increased vapor pressure in the space, in 20 which the spacers are arranged.
Furthermore more particularly in cases in which during bake out the flow path for the heat transfer medlum has a cooling medium flowing around It, a further possibility consists In an arrangement in which the spacers are arranged in the ducts for the heat transFer medium. Owing to 25 the uptake of hea-t by the coolant the vapor pressure thereof increases so that the vapor pressure oF the coolant may aiso endanger the thin partition walls between the ducts and the chamber parts for the heat storage medium. The forces acting on the partition walls under the inFluence oF the vapor pressure are taken up as tensiie Forces by the 30 spacers.
In accort:iance wlth an advantageous development oF the invention the heat storage core is surrounded by a core casing, which is supported on the inner conl:ainer.
As part o-f a still Further possibie development oF the invention 35 the be tween two en d su r Faces, at w h ich the d uc ts beion g i n g to the f iow path open, the core casing has an surFace between opposite ends thereof, which with the formation of an insuiating gap is opposite to the sur-Face 2 ~ ~ rJ ~ 2 ~
of the inner container between opposite ends thereoF, this insulating gap being filled, if desired, with a microporous insulating material.
Preferably the insulating gap is however connected with at least one of the collecting spaces in order to permit Flow to or Flow through of a coolant serving for cooling the heat storage core. If the insulating gap is only connected with one oF the collecting spaces the coolant in the insulating gap will come to rest and be heated up so that in the manner already mentioned any cooling of the inner container will be prevented.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several working embodiments thereof .
LIST OF Ti-lE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE FIGURES.
Figure 1 shows a diagrammatlc longi-tudinal section taken through a latent heat storage means for motor vehicles and which is suitable for performing the method in accordance with the invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross section taken through the heat storage means thereof in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 shows a similar cross section albeit taken throug.h another embodiment of the invention.
Figure ~ is a more detailed view of the structure illustrated in figure 2.
DETAILED ACCOUNT OF WORKING EMBODIMENTS OF Ti-lE Ii~lVEN-l ION.
The illustrated heat storage rneans has a houslng generally referenced 10 an(:l consisting of an outer container 12 and an inner container 14 whic h ls mounted thereln with a clearance on all sides, the means supportlnt~J the lnner contalner 1~ in the outer one 12 in order to constitute an insulating vesst-31 not being iilustrated. In the inner 30 container 1~ a heat storage core 16 ls arranged, in which the storage zone 18 for the heat storage medium has a piurality of mutuaily parallel ducts 20 runninc~l through it for a heat transfer medium, the arrangement being such that t:he ducts 20 emerge at two mutuaiiy remote end surfaces 22 and, respective~iy, 2~1 of the heat storage core 16 which is surrounded 35 by a core casing 26 and at this position respectiveiy opens in-to coilecting spaces 23 and, respectiveiy, 30 for -the heat transfer medium.
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two different embodiments of the heat _ 9 ~ 2 ~
storage core 16 ~url^ounded by the core casing 26.
In the c,lse of the design in accordance with -Figure 3 the core casing surrounds a group of flat chamber parts 18a, which are parallel to each other, are arranged with a gap between them in order to constltute 5 the ducts 20 and are filled with heat storage medium.
The charnber parts i8a are deFined by thin partition walls 38 separating them from the ducts 20, such walls being able to be deformed practically withou-t any pressure, spacers, oF which only one is indicated and which are clearly illustrated in Figure 4 at ~0, being arranged in -l O the d ucts 20, such spacers bei n g Fi xed l y con nected w ith the su rrou n d i n g walls 38 and at the edge of the heat storage core 16 with the core casing 26. In addition to the improvement to be described in what follows for the mechanical strength, the spacers ~0 Function to produce a turbulence on passage of a medium through the flow path.
The chamber parts 18a have a flat cross section, generally in the form of Flattened rectangles or ovals, the long sides of the cross sections of adjacent chamber parts 18a being opposi-te to each other.
In the illustrated working embodiment of figure 3 -there is the difference from l.he embodiment of the invention in accordance with figure 20 2 that a uniForm chamber 18b is provided For the heat storage medium, which is enclosed by the core casing 26. In the inner space of the chamber 18 Filled by the heat storage medium the ducts 20 are delimited by membrane-like spacers, in the form of hose, or support elements wlth a flattened cross sectional configuration with a distance between them and 25 w ith spaced wal l ~ 21.
The Flow path constltuted by the collecting spaces 28 and 30 and the ducts 20 for the heat transfer metiium in the heat storage core 16 ls connected with an inlet duct 32 and a return duct 3~, which open Into the inner contalner l~i, that is to say elther the h1let duct 32 opens into 30 the one collectln~J space 28 antl the return duct 2~ opens into the other collecting station 30, as ls illustrated, or the two ducts open into one of the two collecl:ing spaces, whlch is then divlded into an inlet and a return chamber; then the other collecting station Functions as a direction changing chamber For the heat trans-Fer medium.
Between the two opposite end surface 22 and 2~ the core has a surface 35, whicl~ ex-tends with a small clearance parallel to the oppositely placeci surface 37 extending between opposite ends of the inner l - 10 ~ 2 ~
container l~ so that between the two surfaces 35 and 37 an insulating gap 39 is Formed, which protects the heat storage medium 16 against overheating cluring bake out.
In the modiFied design illustrated in figure 2 it is necessary for the core casing 26 and therefore also the surface 35 to be open so that the insulath1g gap 39 constitutes a part of the flow path For -the heat transfer medium.
In the CdSe of a closed design of the core casing 26 as is necessary in the modified design of the storage core 16 in accordance with figure 3, and which may be employed in the design in accordance with figure 2 as well, it is possible -for the insulating gap 39 to be shut off. However, it may be open in the case of the collecting spaces 28 and 30 also for this reason also constitute a part of the flow path for the heat transfer medium. The insulating gap 39 may however also be filled with a microporous material in order to constitute permanent insulation between the inner container 14 and the heat storage core 16.
Between the outer container 12 and the inner con-tainer 14 there is an insulating zone 36, which is evacuated and may or may not contain microporous material. This insulating zone 36 is traversed by the inlet duct 32 and the return duct 34, which terminate outside the outer contai ner 12.
Between ihe core casing 26 and -the Inner container 14 there are support or bearer elements 42 manufactured of sufflciently heat resistant and preferably thermally insulating material.
After the complete assembly of the heat storage means as described in the above for permanent thermal insulation of the heat storage core 16 the above described bake out and evacuatlon of the insulating zone 36 is perFormed, for which purpose the complete heat storage means is for instance pu-t In an oven for the prescribed bake out time.
For the protection oF the heat storage core 16 it is possible for instance for the -flow path and therefore also the space, which constitute and insulating space, between the Inner sicle oF the inner container 14 and the outer side oF the core casing 26 to be filled with a thermally insulating gas or with a liquid, such as e-thylene glycol, whose variation in vapor pressure as dependent on temperature compensates for the vapor pressure in -the heat storage medium during bake out. However, it is also 2 ~
possible for a thermally insula-ting vacuum to be produced in the flow path, it then possibly being necessary for -the inlet duct 32 and the return duct 34 to be hermetically shut of F.
If the chamber parts 18 are deforrnecl by an elevated vapor 5 pressure o-F the heat storage medium, it is possible For mutually adJacent surrounding walls 38 to bear against each other.
However it is possible as well for a coolant, such as a mlxture of water and ethylene glycol, to circulate through the flow path in order to maintain the insulating space at a tempera-ture, which does not exceed 10 the operational temperature. In this respect it is possible -for the coolant to be heated up to the desired temperature of 120 C prior to the bake out and the evacuation so that in the ini-tial phase oF the bake out the inner contah~er 14 and therefore the inner limit or surface of the insulating zone 26 is also heated from the inside and therefore the bake 15 out temperature is more rapidly attained. IF aFter this the coolant is maintained at this temperature oF for instance -120 C by the heat which is to be removed, the heat storage core wlll be protected against the damaging effects of heat. However, the said coolant at a temperature of 120 C has a vapor pressure of 2 bar which the surrounding walls 38 are 20 not able to resist alone. The forces then acting on the surrounding walls 38 are taken up as tensile force by the spacers 40.
A iurther possible form of the invention, not illustrated, is such tha-t the insulating gap 39 is separated From one of the collecting spaces 2~3 and 30 so that flow through the insulating gap 39 is prevented, 25 while the coolant may flow via the duct 2 through the heat storage core and maintaln it ~lt the deslred low temperature. The coolant which is stationary in the h~sulating gap 39 rnay however be heated up so that an undesired coolin~ of the inner container 14 is prevented.
A particularly economic way of producing the heat storage means 30 is one in which the heat storage core is preheated h1 a preheating statlon, for instal1ce, to lts maximum permltted temperature and the heat storage means is then moved into a bake out station, where the insulating one ls hsated to the bake out temperature and ls svacusted.
Claims (27)
1 A method for the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and an outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, the insulating zone having been baked out in the housing for degassing and having been evacuated, said bake out being performed at a temperature which is substantially above the operational temperature of the heat storage means and components of the heat storage core being protected against any temperature-dependent damage.
2 The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least during the bake out the heat storage core is thermally insulated from the insulating zone.
3 The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein an insulating space between the heat storage core and the inner contain is filled with a gas having a low thermal conductivity at least during the bake out of the insulating zone.
4 The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insulating space between the heat storage core and the inner container is evacuated at least during bake out of the insulating zone.
5 The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the bake out of the insulating zone the elevated vapor pressure, acting on the surrounding walls of the chambers containing the heat storage medium, of the heat storage medium is resisted.
6 The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein during bake out a static pressure compensating the elevated vapor pressure of the heat storage medium is built up in the flow paths in the inner container.
7 The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein during the bake out the inner container is filled with a liquid, whose temperature-dependent variation in vapor pressure is so selected that it compensates for the vapor pressure of the heat storage medium during bake out and this liquid is hermetically shut off during the bake out in the inner container.
8 The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein during bake out the inner container is filled with ethylene glycol.
9 The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein during such bake out a coolant is passed through the flow path.
10 The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said container has an insulating gap between a surface which surrounds the heat storage core between two ends in which ends the inlet and outlet flow paths open, and the inner container, passage of the coolant through the insulating gap between the two end surfaces being halted.
11 The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said container has an insulating gap between a surface which surrounds the heat storage core between two ends in which ends the inlet and outlet flow paths open, and the inner container, and at the beginning of bake out the coolant is heated up in the operational temperature range of the heat storage means and then during hake out is held at such temperature.
12 The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat storage sore is firstly preheated with a fluid functioning as a heat transfer medium to the maximum permitted temperature for the heat storage core and is then maintained at this temperature level until the completion of the bake out operation.
13 The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the evacuation of the insulating zone is begun with a time lag after the preheat of the heat storage core.
14 The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the heat storage means with the preheated heat storage core is moved into a bake out station where the insulating zone is baked out and evacuated.
15 A heat storage means adapted for performing the method as claimed in claim 1, comprising a housing including an outer container and an inner container arranged in spaced relationship therein, said containers defining between them an insulating zone, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container, in which at least one chamber for a heat storage medium is separated by a partition wall from at least one path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and an outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, and which are connected with the flow path and extend outwards through the insulating zone, said heat storage core being supported with a clearance from an inner wall surface of the inner container.
16 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 15, wherein the space between the inner container and the heat storage core is in the form of a closed insulating space.
17 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 15, wherein the space between the inner container and the heat storage core is connected with the flow path.
18 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 17, wherein the heat storage core is supported by means of support elements of a thermally insulating material which is thermally stable generally at the bake out temperature range.
19 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 15, wherein the inlet and outlet ducts open into the inner container, they open out of the same in mutually spaced end surfaces of the heat storage core, at which the flow paths extending through the heat storage core open and, respectively between the inner container and the heat storage core a collecting space is reserved for the heat transfer medium.
20 A heat storage means in whose heat storage core the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into a plurality of chamber parts which are divided from each other by the flow path for the heat transfer medium, are surrounded by thin partition walls and have a flat cross section, the major sides of the respective cross sections being turned towards each other, as claimed in claim 15, wherein the distance between these flat cross section sides of the adjacent chamber parts is so sized that under the influence of the vapor pressure tending to increase the cross section of the chamber parts these cross section sides bear against each other during bake out before the extension of the walls of the chamber parts exceeds a safety threshold.
21 A heat storage means in whose heat storage core the chamber for the heat storage medium is divided up into a plurality of chamber parts and the flow path is divided up into a plurality of ducts extending between these chamber parts, and furthermore the ducts and the chamber parts are separated from each other by thin partition walls as claimed in claim 15, the partition walls being connected with each other by spacers.
22 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 21, wherein the spacers are connected with the partition walls in a tension transmitting manner.
23 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 21, wherein the spacers are arranged in the ducts for the heat transfer medium.
24 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 15, wherein the heat storage core is enclosed within a core casing, which is supported on the inner container.
25 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 24, wherein between two end surfaces, at which the ducts belonging to the flow path open, the core casing has a surface, which with the formation of an insulating gap is opposite to the surface of the inner container extending between end surfaces thereof.
26 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 25, wherein the insulating gap is filled with a microporous insulating material.
27 The heat storage means as claimed in claim 26, wherein the inlet and outlet ducts open into the inner container, they open out of the same in mutually spaced end surfaces of the heat storage core, at which the flow paths extending through the heat storage core open and, respectively between the inner container and the heat storage core a collecting space is reserved for the heat transfer medium. and the insulating gap is connected with at least one of the collecting spaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4020859A DE4020859C2 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | Method for producing the thermal insulation of a heat accumulator and heat accumulator for carrying out the method |
| DEP4020859.1 | 1990-06-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2045826A1 true CA2045826A1 (en) | 1991-12-30 |
Family
ID=6409413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002045826A Abandoned CA2045826A1 (en) | 1990-06-29 | 1991-06-27 | Method for the production of a heat storage means and a heat storage means adapted for the method |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04227478A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2045826A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4020859C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2046074B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2667933B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1248918B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4232556A1 (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-03-31 | Laengerer & Reich Gmbh & Co | Process for producing a heat store, in particular latent heat store |
| DE19851192A1 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-11 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Thermic accumulator, particularly for road vehicle, involves medium for storage of heat and/or cold, with housing containing several stacked containers holding accumulator medium and spaced apart by distance holders |
| DE19950673C1 (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2001-04-19 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Cold storage unit, for use as low temperature supply for vehicles, comprises housing with stacked cold storage elements using water and a thickening agent in a container with flow channels between them |
| DE19857121B4 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2017-06-01 | Mahle International Gmbh | Cold storage, especially for the air conditioning of a vehicle interior |
| CN102425969A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-04-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Cast heat retainer |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3245027C2 (en) * | 1982-12-06 | 1994-11-17 | Schatz Oskar | Latent heat storage for use in motor vehicles |
| DE3322956A1 (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-03 | Anton 7320 Göppingen Reißmüller | PCM device |
| DE3614318A1 (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-10-29 | Schatz Oskar | Heat store, especially for motor vehicle heaters supplied with waste heat from the engine |
-
1990
- 1990-06-29 DE DE4020859A patent/DE4020859C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-06-27 CA CA002045826A patent/CA2045826A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-06-28 ES ES09101529A patent/ES2046074B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-28 FR FR919108114A patent/FR2667933B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-28 JP JP3158449A patent/JPH04227478A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-06-28 IT ITBZ910020A patent/IT1248918B/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1248918B (en) | 1995-02-11 |
| DE4020859A1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| ES2046074R (en) | 1994-07-16 |
| ES2046074A2 (en) | 1994-01-16 |
| JPH04227478A (en) | 1992-08-17 |
| FR2667933A1 (en) | 1992-04-17 |
| FR2667933B1 (en) | 1994-09-02 |
| DE4020859C2 (en) | 1995-09-07 |
| ITBZ910020A1 (en) | 1992-12-28 |
| ITBZ910020A0 (en) | 1991-06-28 |
| ES2046074B1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |