CA2044725A1 - Vacuum-suction degassing apparatus - Google Patents
Vacuum-suction degassing apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA2044725A1 CA2044725A1 CA 2044725 CA2044725A CA2044725A1 CA 2044725 A1 CA2044725 A1 CA 2044725A1 CA 2044725 CA2044725 CA 2044725 CA 2044725 A CA2044725 A CA 2044725A CA 2044725 A1 CA2044725 A1 CA 2044725A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- porous member
- vacuum
- gas
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 matte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910016287 MxOy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A melt is stored in a vessel, and a lower half portion of a rod-formed porous member is immersed in the melt. The porous member is made of a porous material having pores which is permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten slag, and molten matte. When the vessel is placed in a decompression container and the portion of the porous member which protrudes above a surface of the melt is put in vacuum or under reduced pressure, gases in the melt or gases produced by reactions between components of the porous member and the melt pass through pores of the porous member and are released to vacuum or depressurized atmosphere in the decompression container. Thus, gas-forming components are removed from the melt.
A melt is stored in a vessel, and a lower half portion of a rod-formed porous member is immersed in the melt. The porous member is made of a porous material having pores which is permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten slag, and molten matte. When the vessel is placed in a decompression container and the portion of the porous member which protrudes above a surface of the melt is put in vacuum or under reduced pressure, gases in the melt or gases produced by reactions between components of the porous member and the melt pass through pores of the porous member and are released to vacuum or depressurized atmosphere in the decompression container. Thus, gas-forming components are removed from the melt.
Description
2~4~72~
BACK~OUND OF TnE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vacuum-suction degassing apparatus, in which gas-forming solute ingredients are removed or recovered from a melt, such as a molten metal, matte, or slag, through a porous member.
Conventionally, the RH method, DH method, and other degassing methods are used to remove gas-forming solute ingredients from a molten metal. According to the RH or Dl-l method, a large quantity of argon gas is blown into the melt, the surface of which is kept at a vacuum or at reduced pressure so that the partial pressure of the gas-forming ingredients is lowered, thereby removing these ingredients.
Requiring the use of argon gas in large quantity, however, the conventional RH or DH degassing method entails high running cost. Slnce much argon gas is blown into the melt, moreover, the melt is liable to splash so that many metal drops adhere to the wall surface or some other parts of the apparatus, which requires troublesome removal work. To cope with this splashing of the melt, furthermore, the apparatUs is inevitably increased in size, resulting in higher equlpment cost.
SUMMARY OF ~ INVENTION
The obJect of the present invention is to provide a ~ :
''. ~
, ...
'~
--` 2~72~
vacuum-suction degassing apparatus, in which gas-forming ingredients can be easily removed from a melt without using a large quantity of argon gas, so that the melt can be degassed at low cost by means of a simple apparatus.
A vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to ' the first invention, a vessel containing a melt; a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, a portion thereof being immersed in said melt in the vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the portion of said porous member which protrude over the surL'ace oL' said melt is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
A vacuwll-suction degassing apparatus according to the second invention, a vessel'containging a melt; a cylindrical non-porous member; a porous member made o-L~ a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, being fitted into the lower portion of said non-porous member and immersed in said melt in said vessel;
and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and sald porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner SUCtl that the inside o~' said non-porous member is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure. The partitioning ~ 20~472~
member is sucked by said sucking means, thereby the inside of the partitioning member being kept at a vacuum or at reduced pressure. Also, the melt is stirred by moving said partitioning member in said melt by said stirring means so that gas in the melt or gas produced by the reaction between the melt and the porous member can be moved to vacuum or reduced pressure space inside the partitioning member through said partitioning member made of a porous material with high efficiency. Also, the vacuum suction degassing apparatus according to the present lnvention does not have to use argon gas, so that its running cost is low and also it is possible to suppress generation of splashes and reduce deposition of base metal onto a wall surface of the apparatus. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to ' reduce the equipment cost as well as its running cost.
Accordlng to the first invention, a portion of a porous member made o~ a porous material which allows permeation of gases but does not allow permeation of molten materials is immersed in a melt, and another portion of said porous member which protrudes above the surface o~ melt is put in vacuum or under reduced pressure. Gases o~ said melt or gases produced by reactions between said melt and said porous material are sucked through said porous member by sucking means.
According to the second invention, a porous member is fitted into the lower portion o~ a cylindrical non-,.
:
204~725 , porous member and the porous member is immersed in saidmelt. Inside of said non-porous member is evacuated or depressurized, and gases in said melt or gases produced by reactions between said melt and said porous material are sucked through said porous member by sucking means.
Thus, solute components in the melt, which produce a gas phase, can easily be moved to the vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere.
Different from the conventional degassing method where a large volume of argon gas is blown lnto, in this invention, argon gas is not blown into, or a small i volume of argon gas only enough to stir the melt is b]own, so that an amount of argon gas used can remarkably be reduced. Also, as the amount of argon gas is extremely low, generation o~ splashes is suppressed, and deposition of base metal on a wall surface of a device can be reduced. For this reason, according to the present invention, equipment cost can be reduced by minimizing size of the apparatus, and also runnlng cost can remarkbly be reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a diagram ~or illustrating the principle of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a ~irst embodiment of the invention, `
- ~ . .
---` 20~72~
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing second embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
First, description is made for a principle of this invention with reference to Fig. 1. Partitioning member 1 is made of a porous material which is permeable to gas, but impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten matte, or molten slag. If melt 2 is brought Into contact with one side of porous member 1, and if the other side of member 1 is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure 3, the pressure on the wall surface in contact with the melt drops without regard to the static pressure o~ melt 2.
Accordingly, those impuritles or valuables in melt 2 which produce gaseous substances easily nucleate on the wall surface of porous member 1 to form gas 4, and resulting gas 4 permeates through member 1 and sucked into space 3 at vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere so that the impurities or valuables are removed from the melt and recovered lnto space 3 at vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere.
The inventor hereof realized that gas-~orming ingredients can be removed from the melt on the basis o~
the principle described above, and brought the present invention to completion.
The gas-~orming ingredients dissolved in the melt .. ~ .
:: , .
. ~ .
, 7 2 ~
, , are sucked and removed ln the form of gases as follows:
N + N = N2 --- (1) _ + H = H2 --- (2) C + O = CO --- (3) S + 20 = S02 --- (4) The impurities in the melt may react with the ingredients of the porous member, to form gases, and then they may be removed through the porous member.
If the porous member is an oxide (MxOy), carbon in the melt is removed in the form of a gas as follows:
yC + MxOy (solid) = xM + yCO --- (5) If the porous member contains carbon, moreover, oxygen in the melt is sucked and removed according to the following reaction formula.
0 + C (solid) = CO --- (6) The separative recovery of a valuable component (M) which has high vapor pressure is achieved by gasifying the valuable component according to the following reaction ~ormulas.
xM = MX (gas) --- (7) MOy = MOy (gas) --- (8) MSy = MSy (gas) --- (g) In this manner, the impurities, such as N, ~1, C, O, and S, and the valuable components are sucked and removed or recovered from the melt.
According to the present invention, by ad~usting content of components of the partitioning member which ;; ~ 20~725 react with the impurities or valuable components in a melt, it is possible to control a reaction rate between the impurities or valuable components in the melt and components of the partitioning member.
~- 5 Note that a heating means may be added to heat a porous member or a melt by energizing the porous member ;~
or burying a resistance wire previously in the porous member and energizing the resistance wire, or by heating the melt ~rom outside ( by means of, ~or instance, plasma heating), for the purpose to prevent the decrease o~ temperature of the melt due to heat emission to atmosphere or the vessel or the decrease o~
temperature of the melt which occurs when the porous member is immersed into the melt, or decrease of temperature o~ the melt due to an endothermic reaction between components o~ the porous member and the melt.
Various materials may be used ~or porous member, includlng metal oxides or other metallic compounds (non-oxides), carbon and mixtures thereo~ and metal, such as Al2O3, MgO, CaO, SiO2, Fe2O3, Fe3O4~ Cr23~ BN~ Si3N4, SlC, C, etc.. Preferably, the material used should not react with the principal ingredient o~ melt 2 so that porous member in contact with melt 2 can be prevented ~rom erosion loss and melt 2 can be kept clean.
Also, a material which hardly gets wet with melts must be used ~or the partitloning member so that only gases can pass through the partitioning member but any melt .
~ . .
:
, :
::
~ 2~72a can not pass through the partitioning member.
Furthermore, it is preferable that a porosity of the partitioning member is not more than 40%.
Furthermore, in order to prevent a melt from entering the vacuum system even if a melt goes into the immersed porous tube, it is preferable to allocate a filter with small pressure loss in an upper section-of the immersed porous tube to solidify the invading melt -for trapping it.
The following is a description of a case in which the present invention is applied to the removal or recovery of gas-forming ingredients from a melt.
(1) First, the present invention can be applied to decarburization, denitrogenation, and dehydrogenation processes for removing carbon, nitrogen, or hydrogen from molten iron.
When this method is applied to remove carbon from molten iron, the main component of said partitioning member should be Al2O3 or MgO, and such a material as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnO, and SiO2 etc. should be mixed in as main oxidizing agents for carbon in the molten iron.
But i-f a compounding ratio of the main oxidizing agent is too high, a melting point of the partitionirlg member goes down, or the mechanical strength thereof becomes lower, and lr carbon content in the molten iron is too low, oxygen content, in the molten iron goes up, so that a compounding ratio of the main oxidizing agent must be 20~4~2~
g declded according to the purpose and by re-ferring to the phase diagram already established.
On the other hand, if this method is applied to removal of nitrogen in molten iron, a stable oxide such as CaO, Al2O3, or MgO should be used as said partitioning member.
Also, i-f this invention is applied to simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen in molten iron, the compounding ratio o-f the oxidizing agent should be changed according to target contents of carbon and nitrogen in the molten iron.
(2) The invention can be also applied to a deoxygenatlon process ~or removing oxygen from molten copper.
BACK~OUND OF TnE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vacuum-suction degassing apparatus, in which gas-forming solute ingredients are removed or recovered from a melt, such as a molten metal, matte, or slag, through a porous member.
Conventionally, the RH method, DH method, and other degassing methods are used to remove gas-forming solute ingredients from a molten metal. According to the RH or Dl-l method, a large quantity of argon gas is blown into the melt, the surface of which is kept at a vacuum or at reduced pressure so that the partial pressure of the gas-forming ingredients is lowered, thereby removing these ingredients.
Requiring the use of argon gas in large quantity, however, the conventional RH or DH degassing method entails high running cost. Slnce much argon gas is blown into the melt, moreover, the melt is liable to splash so that many metal drops adhere to the wall surface or some other parts of the apparatus, which requires troublesome removal work. To cope with this splashing of the melt, furthermore, the apparatUs is inevitably increased in size, resulting in higher equlpment cost.
SUMMARY OF ~ INVENTION
The obJect of the present invention is to provide a ~ :
''. ~
, ...
'~
--` 2~72~
vacuum-suction degassing apparatus, in which gas-forming ingredients can be easily removed from a melt without using a large quantity of argon gas, so that the melt can be degassed at low cost by means of a simple apparatus.
A vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to ' the first invention, a vessel containing a melt; a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, a portion thereof being immersed in said melt in the vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the portion of said porous member which protrude over the surL'ace oL' said melt is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
A vacuwll-suction degassing apparatus according to the second invention, a vessel'containging a melt; a cylindrical non-porous member; a porous member made o-L~ a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, being fitted into the lower portion of said non-porous member and immersed in said melt in said vessel;
and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and sald porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner SUCtl that the inside o~' said non-porous member is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure. The partitioning ~ 20~472~
member is sucked by said sucking means, thereby the inside of the partitioning member being kept at a vacuum or at reduced pressure. Also, the melt is stirred by moving said partitioning member in said melt by said stirring means so that gas in the melt or gas produced by the reaction between the melt and the porous member can be moved to vacuum or reduced pressure space inside the partitioning member through said partitioning member made of a porous material with high efficiency. Also, the vacuum suction degassing apparatus according to the present lnvention does not have to use argon gas, so that its running cost is low and also it is possible to suppress generation of splashes and reduce deposition of base metal onto a wall surface of the apparatus. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to ' reduce the equipment cost as well as its running cost.
Accordlng to the first invention, a portion of a porous member made o~ a porous material which allows permeation of gases but does not allow permeation of molten materials is immersed in a melt, and another portion of said porous member which protrudes above the surface o~ melt is put in vacuum or under reduced pressure. Gases o~ said melt or gases produced by reactions between said melt and said porous material are sucked through said porous member by sucking means.
According to the second invention, a porous member is fitted into the lower portion o~ a cylindrical non-,.
:
204~725 , porous member and the porous member is immersed in saidmelt. Inside of said non-porous member is evacuated or depressurized, and gases in said melt or gases produced by reactions between said melt and said porous material are sucked through said porous member by sucking means.
Thus, solute components in the melt, which produce a gas phase, can easily be moved to the vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere.
Different from the conventional degassing method where a large volume of argon gas is blown lnto, in this invention, argon gas is not blown into, or a small i volume of argon gas only enough to stir the melt is b]own, so that an amount of argon gas used can remarkably be reduced. Also, as the amount of argon gas is extremely low, generation o~ splashes is suppressed, and deposition of base metal on a wall surface of a device can be reduced. For this reason, according to the present invention, equipment cost can be reduced by minimizing size of the apparatus, and also runnlng cost can remarkbly be reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a diagram ~or illustrating the principle of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a ~irst embodiment of the invention, `
- ~ . .
---` 20~72~
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing second embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
First, description is made for a principle of this invention with reference to Fig. 1. Partitioning member 1 is made of a porous material which is permeable to gas, but impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten matte, or molten slag. If melt 2 is brought Into contact with one side of porous member 1, and if the other side of member 1 is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure 3, the pressure on the wall surface in contact with the melt drops without regard to the static pressure o~ melt 2.
Accordingly, those impuritles or valuables in melt 2 which produce gaseous substances easily nucleate on the wall surface of porous member 1 to form gas 4, and resulting gas 4 permeates through member 1 and sucked into space 3 at vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere so that the impurities or valuables are removed from the melt and recovered lnto space 3 at vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere.
The inventor hereof realized that gas-~orming ingredients can be removed from the melt on the basis o~
the principle described above, and brought the present invention to completion.
The gas-~orming ingredients dissolved in the melt .. ~ .
:: , .
. ~ .
, 7 2 ~
, , are sucked and removed ln the form of gases as follows:
N + N = N2 --- (1) _ + H = H2 --- (2) C + O = CO --- (3) S + 20 = S02 --- (4) The impurities in the melt may react with the ingredients of the porous member, to form gases, and then they may be removed through the porous member.
If the porous member is an oxide (MxOy), carbon in the melt is removed in the form of a gas as follows:
yC + MxOy (solid) = xM + yCO --- (5) If the porous member contains carbon, moreover, oxygen in the melt is sucked and removed according to the following reaction formula.
0 + C (solid) = CO --- (6) The separative recovery of a valuable component (M) which has high vapor pressure is achieved by gasifying the valuable component according to the following reaction ~ormulas.
xM = MX (gas) --- (7) MOy = MOy (gas) --- (8) MSy = MSy (gas) --- (g) In this manner, the impurities, such as N, ~1, C, O, and S, and the valuable components are sucked and removed or recovered from the melt.
According to the present invention, by ad~usting content of components of the partitioning member which ;; ~ 20~725 react with the impurities or valuable components in a melt, it is possible to control a reaction rate between the impurities or valuable components in the melt and components of the partitioning member.
~- 5 Note that a heating means may be added to heat a porous member or a melt by energizing the porous member ;~
or burying a resistance wire previously in the porous member and energizing the resistance wire, or by heating the melt ~rom outside ( by means of, ~or instance, plasma heating), for the purpose to prevent the decrease o~ temperature of the melt due to heat emission to atmosphere or the vessel or the decrease o~
temperature of the melt which occurs when the porous member is immersed into the melt, or decrease of temperature o~ the melt due to an endothermic reaction between components o~ the porous member and the melt.
Various materials may be used ~or porous member, includlng metal oxides or other metallic compounds (non-oxides), carbon and mixtures thereo~ and metal, such as Al2O3, MgO, CaO, SiO2, Fe2O3, Fe3O4~ Cr23~ BN~ Si3N4, SlC, C, etc.. Preferably, the material used should not react with the principal ingredient o~ melt 2 so that porous member in contact with melt 2 can be prevented ~rom erosion loss and melt 2 can be kept clean.
Also, a material which hardly gets wet with melts must be used ~or the partitloning member so that only gases can pass through the partitioning member but any melt .
~ . .
:
, :
::
~ 2~72a can not pass through the partitioning member.
Furthermore, it is preferable that a porosity of the partitioning member is not more than 40%.
Furthermore, in order to prevent a melt from entering the vacuum system even if a melt goes into the immersed porous tube, it is preferable to allocate a filter with small pressure loss in an upper section-of the immersed porous tube to solidify the invading melt -for trapping it.
The following is a description of a case in which the present invention is applied to the removal or recovery of gas-forming ingredients from a melt.
(1) First, the present invention can be applied to decarburization, denitrogenation, and dehydrogenation processes for removing carbon, nitrogen, or hydrogen from molten iron.
When this method is applied to remove carbon from molten iron, the main component of said partitioning member should be Al2O3 or MgO, and such a material as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnO, and SiO2 etc. should be mixed in as main oxidizing agents for carbon in the molten iron.
But i-f a compounding ratio of the main oxidizing agent is too high, a melting point of the partitionirlg member goes down, or the mechanical strength thereof becomes lower, and lr carbon content in the molten iron is too low, oxygen content, in the molten iron goes up, so that a compounding ratio of the main oxidizing agent must be 20~4~2~
g declded according to the purpose and by re-ferring to the phase diagram already established.
On the other hand, if this method is applied to removal of nitrogen in molten iron, a stable oxide such as CaO, Al2O3, or MgO should be used as said partitioning member.
Also, i-f this invention is applied to simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen in molten iron, the compounding ratio o-f the oxidizing agent should be changed according to target contents of carbon and nitrogen in the molten iron.
(2) The invention can be also applied to a deoxygenatlon process ~or removing oxygen from molten copper.
(3) Further, the invention can be applied to a dehydrogenatlon process for removing hydrogen -~rom molten alumlnum.
(4) Furthermore, the invention can be applied to decarburization, and dehydrogenation o~ molten silicon.
(5) According to the present invention, zinc can be recovered ~rom molten lead.
(6) The invention can be also applied to a desulfurization/deoxygenation process ~or removing sulfur and oxygen ~rom molten copper matte.
' z5 (7) Further, the invention can be applied to the " recovery o~ valuable metals (As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Pb, Cd, etc.) ~rom molten copper matte or nickel matte.
~`` 20~4725 ; (8) Furt}lerlllore, the invention can be applied to the recovery of valuable metals (As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Pb, Cd, Zn, etc.) from slag.
Detailed description is made below ~or embodiments o-f this invention.
Fig.2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Melt 2 is stored in vessel 5, and a lower half portion of porous member 6 is immersed in this molten material 2. Porous member 6 has a form of rod, and is made of a porous material having pores which is permeable to gases and impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten slag, and molten matte. Therefore, melt 2 do not pass through.
Vessel 5 is placed in a decompression container (not shown), and inside of the decompression container is evacuated by the vacuum pump to maintain the inslde in vacuum or under reduced pressure.
In the vacuum-suction degassing apparatus thus constructed, although melt 2 does not permeate through porous member 6, but as gases contained in pores of porous member 6 are released to inside of the decompression container, inside o~ pores o-f porous member 6 are evacuated or depressurized. There-fore, gases in melt 2 or gases produced by reactions between components o~ the porous member 6 and the melt a pass through the pores of porous member 6, and are released ,:
-~ 20~72~ ~
into vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere in the I decompression container. And, the gases are sucked by i the vacuum pump and removed from inside o~ the decompression container.
Fig.3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vacuum suction degassing apparatus according to an embodiment of the second invention in this application.
Melt 2 is stored in vessel 5. Porous member 6a has a form of rod, and is fitted into the lower portion of cylindrical non-porous member 8 in a liquid-sealing manner. Porous member 6a is made of a porous material having pores which gases can permeate through but melt 2, such as molten metal, molten slag, or molten matte can not enter and permeate through. Also, non-porous member 8 is made of a non-porous material which gases can not permeate through, and is linked to a vacuum pump (not shown).
In the vacuwn suctlon degassing apparatus having the con~iguratlon as described above, when inside of norl-porous member 8 is evacuated or depressurized, inside of pores of porous member 6 is evacuated or depressurized. Therefore, gas-forming components in molten 2 are exhausted through the pores of porous member 6a into inside of non-porous member 8. And, the gas-forming components are sucked by the vacuum pump and recovered or exhausted.
Also in this embodiment, porous member 6a has only , ` 20~4725 to be immersed in molten material 2, and even i~ depth of a melt bath is small, degasification of molten materials can be performed.
'!
'; ,:
.. ,,, ~ . . ~ , . ~ , . , -.
~, .
-,
' z5 (7) Further, the invention can be applied to the " recovery o~ valuable metals (As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Pb, Cd, etc.) ~rom molten copper matte or nickel matte.
~`` 20~4725 ; (8) Furt}lerlllore, the invention can be applied to the recovery of valuable metals (As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Pb, Cd, Zn, etc.) from slag.
Detailed description is made below ~or embodiments o-f this invention.
Fig.2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Melt 2 is stored in vessel 5, and a lower half portion of porous member 6 is immersed in this molten material 2. Porous member 6 has a form of rod, and is made of a porous material having pores which is permeable to gases and impermeable to melts, such as molten metal, molten slag, and molten matte. Therefore, melt 2 do not pass through.
Vessel 5 is placed in a decompression container (not shown), and inside of the decompression container is evacuated by the vacuum pump to maintain the inslde in vacuum or under reduced pressure.
In the vacuum-suction degassing apparatus thus constructed, although melt 2 does not permeate through porous member 6, but as gases contained in pores of porous member 6 are released to inside of the decompression container, inside o~ pores o-f porous member 6 are evacuated or depressurized. There-fore, gases in melt 2 or gases produced by reactions between components o~ the porous member 6 and the melt a pass through the pores of porous member 6, and are released ,:
-~ 20~72~ ~
into vacuum or reduced pressure atmosphere in the I decompression container. And, the gases are sucked by i the vacuum pump and removed from inside o~ the decompression container.
Fig.3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a vacuum suction degassing apparatus according to an embodiment of the second invention in this application.
Melt 2 is stored in vessel 5. Porous member 6a has a form of rod, and is fitted into the lower portion of cylindrical non-porous member 8 in a liquid-sealing manner. Porous member 6a is made of a porous material having pores which gases can permeate through but melt 2, such as molten metal, molten slag, or molten matte can not enter and permeate through. Also, non-porous member 8 is made of a non-porous material which gases can not permeate through, and is linked to a vacuum pump (not shown).
In the vacuwn suctlon degassing apparatus having the con~iguratlon as described above, when inside of norl-porous member 8 is evacuated or depressurized, inside of pores of porous member 6 is evacuated or depressurized. Therefore, gas-forming components in molten 2 are exhausted through the pores of porous member 6a into inside of non-porous member 8. And, the gas-forming components are sucked by the vacuum pump and recovered or exhausted.
Also in this embodiment, porous member 6a has only , ` 20~4725 to be immersed in molten material 2, and even i~ depth of a melt bath is small, degasification of molten materials can be performed.
'!
'; ,:
.. ,,, ~ . . ~ , . ~ , . , -.
~, .
-,
Claims (4)
1. A vacuum-suction degassing apparatus comprising:
a vessel containing a melt;
a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, a portion thereof being immersed in said melt in the vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the portion of said porous member which protrudes above the surface of said melt is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
a vessel containing a melt;
a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, a portion thereof being immersed in said melt in the vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the portion of said porous member which protrudes above the surface of said melt is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
2. A vacuum-suction degassing apparatus comprising:
a vessel containging a melt;
a cylindrical non-porous member;
a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, being fitted into the lower portion of said non-porous member and immersed in said melt in said vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the inside of said non-porous member is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
a vessel containging a melt;
a cylindrical non-porous member;
a porous member made of a porous material permeable to gas and impermeable to melts, being fitted into the lower portion of said non-porous member and immersed in said melt in said vessel; and sucking means for sucking gas from said melt or gas produced by a reaction between said melt and said porous material through said partitioning member, in a manner such that the inside of said non-porous member is kept at a vacuum or at a reduced pressure.
3. The vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:
heating means for electrically heating said porous member.
heating means for electrically heating said porous member.
4. The vacuum-suction degassing apparatus according to claim 2, comprising:
heating means for electrically heating said porous member.
heating means for electrically heating said porous member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2158324A JPH0830227B2 (en) | 1990-06-16 | 1990-06-16 | Vacuum suction type degasser |
| JP2-158324 | 1990-06-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2044725A1 true CA2044725A1 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
Family
ID=15669154
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2044725 Abandoned CA2044725A1 (en) | 1990-06-16 | 1991-06-17 | Vacuum-suction degassing apparatus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0462537A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0830227B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2044725A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007016891A (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-25 | Noritz Corp | Air vent valve |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2752233A (en) * | 1948-03-08 | 1956-06-26 | Saint Gobain | Method for extracting simple elements from fusible materials containing them |
| AT188038B (en) * | 1954-09-11 | 1956-12-27 | Roland Dr Mitsche | Process for degassing liquids, in particular metallic melts |
| GB829777A (en) * | 1955-08-09 | 1960-03-09 | Fischer Ag Georg | Improvements in or relating to processes for refining liquid melts by degasification, and to apparatus for carrying such processes into effect |
| JPS5278602A (en) * | 1975-12-25 | 1977-07-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Vacuum degassing of molten metal |
-
1990
- 1990-06-16 JP JP2158324A patent/JPH0830227B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-06-17 EP EP91109888A patent/EP0462537A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-06-17 CA CA 2044725 patent/CA2044725A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0462537A1 (en) | 1991-12-27 |
| JPH0448025A (en) | 1992-02-18 |
| JPH0830227B2 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |