CA2042902A1 - Footwear having a base consisting of at least two layers - Google Patents
Footwear having a base consisting of at least two layersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2042902A1 CA2042902A1 CA 2042902 CA2042902A CA2042902A1 CA 2042902 A1 CA2042902 A1 CA 2042902A1 CA 2042902 CA2042902 CA 2042902 CA 2042902 A CA2042902 A CA 2042902A CA 2042902 A1 CA2042902 A1 CA 2042902A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- footwear
- outsole
- rigid layer
- foot
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
- A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
- A43B13/146—Concave end portions, e.g. with a cavity or cut-out portion
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In order to achieve optimal adaptation of the particular foot bed (4) directly supporting the foot to the wearer of footwear (9b) and nevertheless to ensure rigid support which relaxes the muscles, a rigid layer (10) of wood or rigid plastic is provided under the foot bed (4). The outsole (11) consists of flexible but hard-wearing material. Apart from an expedient heel height, the entire shoe base (14) is arched upward at the tip (11z) and expediently also at the heel (11f). The rigid layer (10) is preferably recessed and/or bendable in the toe area (11z).
(Fig. 5a)
In order to achieve optimal adaptation of the particular foot bed (4) directly supporting the foot to the wearer of footwear (9b) and nevertheless to ensure rigid support which relaxes the muscles, a rigid layer (10) of wood or rigid plastic is provided under the foot bed (4). The outsole (11) consists of flexible but hard-wearing material. Apart from an expedient heel height, the entire shoe base (14) is arched upward at the tip (11z) and expediently also at the heel (11f). The rigid layer (10) is preferably recessed and/or bendable in the toe area (11z).
(Fig. 5a)
Description
910~06 1 ~ q~
FOOTWEAR HAVING ~ aAsE _CONSIS~ING OF AT LEAST TWO
LAYERS
It is known that slipper-like or sandal-like footwear can be provided with a rigid sole, in particular of wood. In the case of so-called health sandals, clogs or running shoes, as disclosed in, for example, EP-A2-41201, EP-A3-80456, ~P-Al-98964, GB-A-221064, Ga-A-2001845 or GB-A-2111822, such a sole may even have, on the inner surface facing the user's foot, a foot bed adapted to the general anatomy of the foot.
The incorporation of a foot bed - optionally even adapted individually to the user's foot - has aLso been disclosed for s~i boots, which now generally have a rigid sole. However, it is difficult to walk in such shoes, to say nothing of running.
On the other hand, the use of a rigid sole is known to be advantageous because it provides stable support for the body, is thereore energy-saving during standing and promotes relaxation of the entire body, especially of the leg muscles, particularly in the lower leg. It also avoids rubbing between the foot and the shoe during walking and thus prevents stresses and blistering. Moreover, the shoe remains attractive for a longer time since there are no cross-folds in the 2; upper leather even after prolonged use.
It is therefore the object of the invention to provide footwear which combines the known advantages of a rigid sole and of a flexible, anatomically shaped foot bed with comfort for the wearer, is easy to produce and is felt to be pleasant and relaxing by the user during standing, walking and running. This object - is achieved by the combination of the features of claim 1. The user need not do without a flexible push-off effect and stimulating rolling effect during walking.
Further developed and improved embodiments of the invention are described in the defining clauses of the .
dependent claims.
For the purposes of the invention, a "rigid"
layer is understood as meaning a layer which essentially prevents bending of the baLl. It is sufficient for this purpose if the ].ayer - for example when superposed at a distance cf 25 cm - does not sag by more than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, under a central load of 50 kg.
In principle, the rigid layer may simultaneously form the outer surface of the base of the footwear according to the invention. It is preferable, however, if an outsole of flexible, in particular hard-wearing material, in whose outer surface it is also possible to emboss a Qrofile for better grip and non-slip properties, is provided under the rigid layer. By recessing the rigid layer in the toe area, the toes are allowed to move in cooperation so that the foot, after rolling over the ball - which is not curved - can nevertheless press down in a springy manner. Instead of a recess, the rigid layer may also be interrupted between the toe area and the ball area or have a groove ~hich permits it to bend.
Although recessing the rigid layer is also envisaged in EP-A2-41201, the rigid layer here ends in the ball area and thus eliminates its healthy effect because ~he foot then bends in the ball area as in the case of conventional shoes during walking or runnlng.
Furthermore, a projection is provided there in the outsole, ~hich projection is not located in the ball area but under the instep area and therefore exerts pressure on the sensitive middle arch of the foot via a rigid layer during standing.
~'J The conventional formation of a heel curve provides, in particular in conjunction with the other features of the embodiment accordlng to the invention, of the shoe design, better support for the foot, especially in the mid-foot and heel area; any . .
~ .
9105Q6 3 ~ 2 differences between the general and the indivtdual shape of the foot are compensated by the pliable foot bed. To compensate for the heel curve of the rigid layer, the rigid layer may be thicker at the back;
however, it is preferable if either the outsole compensates for this difference in height or a wedge layer, which is preferably at least semiflexible, is arranged under the rigid layer or between it and any outsole.
Although in principle the rigid layer may also have an anatomically shaped upper side, as is also known per se, this is not preferred, both for reasons of high production costs and owing to -the lack of adaptability to individual foot shapes.
Similarly to the different forms of fingerprints in different people, the height and depth dimensions of the soles of feet are also very different, so that foot beds adapted to general foot anatomy ma~ even be very disadvantageous for the individual wearer, and in fact the known ~oot beds occasionally result in painful callouses on prolonged ; use, and these shoes thus prove to be "unhealthy shoes". However, individual adaptation of the rigid sole to the shape of the foot bed required for each individual wearer would entail high tool costs and occssing costs.
Because the foot bed is now made of a flexible material, on the one hand the wearer's comfort is catered for and on the other hand it is easier to produce. Neverthless, there is no need to dispense with the advantages of a rigid sole layer. The combination gives the desired stability for the foot during rolling of the step.
The foot bed can either be made individually for the p~rticular user in a manner known per se, following an impression, a cast, a computer record or the like of the soles of the feet; it is then placed - .
. . . .
910506 4 ~J~2~2 on or, preferably, bonded to the rigid layer or any intermediate layer in the shoe. However, it is also possible to produce an individual foot bed by a direct method, where a moldable material is placed on the user's foot - which, if necessary, is protected by a film or the like - and caused to set there. 'rhe user can thus wait and obtain his shoe with an integral foot bed adapted individually to his foot: immediately in the shoe store.
1~ For better individual adaptation, the foot bed may also have a two-layer or multilayer form. On the one hand, individual adaptation may be effected by an additional layer on or under the general foot bed -starting from a generally anatomically shaped, elastic foot bed. The additional layer may have the same thickness over its entire area or may taper toward the point of the foot. By combining two or more different prefabricated elastic layers, however, it is often possible on the other hand to create a foot bed which, although not exactly corresponding to the individual foot, substantially approximates the foot. Moreover, the difference between the relaxed foot first thing in the morning and the wearer's foot which may be swollen through long standing or walking can be compensated by removing such an additional layer.
The foGt bed is expedier.tly made moisture-absorbent entirely or at least at the inner surface, especially in the ball and/or heel area. This is effected in the simplest case by perforation -i~
necessary only in parts - or the formation of nubs on the inner surface; covering with a moisture-absorbent material (which may also be perforated), such as leather, e.g~ an insole and/or the incorporation of active carbon or the like in the foot bed and/or in the covering is preferable.
It is advantageous if the shoe according to the invention or sandal according to the invention has an , upward-curving roll segment (heel curve) at the rear end, ~he heel area, because in this case there is a gentle movement and not an abrupt impact when the foot is set down.
If the rigid layer is recessed in the toe area, this recess may be filled with a separate, preferably flexible material. However, it is also possible for the outsole, the wedge layer and/or the foot bed to be formed in such a way that they fill this recess. The recess gives the toes freedom of movement and the possibility of bending the tip of the shoe (and this only) for an elastic and springy push-off of the foot during walking. Moreover, this also simulates, for civilized man, the lost possibility of using the toes, which, during walking, dug into the soft forest floor toward the end of the step under the load of the entire body, once again for pushing off for the next step.
This is particularly effective during running: with the shoe according to the invention, improved push-off makes it possible to run faster than with conventional running shoes.
To facilitat~ the formation of at least one of the two arched roll segments at the tip and at the heel, the outsole, the rigid layer and/or the wedge layer may taper at the relevant front or rear end.
The outsole eY~pediently has obliquely o~ening channels or grooves running toward the support surface so that a certain, joint-protecting elasticity or buffer effect is achieved during stepping. To prevent s~ch channels from bacoming bloc~ed by small stones and hence rendered ineffective, and because the resulting edges of the sole profile, which have an acute angle (viewed in longitudinal section), are subject to rapid wear, these edges are preferably broken.
The design of the footwear according to the invention inevitably means that the instep of the user's foot is subjectèd to influenceS which are - 9105~6 6 somewhat different or stronger than in the case of conventional shoes. During rolling, the foot (which bends only in the ball area) must in fact carry the shoe with i~. However, the instep area contains important muscles and vessels which would be subjected to pressure; particularly during relaxation of the hallucis longis extensor, which in Fig. 5b runs along the line EHL, it has therefore proven expedient to implement the features of claim 11.
Further details of the invention are to be found in the following description of embodiments shown schematically in the drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a slip-on shoe having the base according to the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a variant of the rigid layer with an outsole, likewise in the longitudinal section;
Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the foot bed, partly in section;
Fig. ~.a and b show a plan view of two embodiments of the foot bed;
Fig. 5a shows a lacing shoe according to the invention, the left half being a side view and the right half a longitudinal section;
Fig. 5b shows the same shoe in plan view and Fig. Sc shows it in side view, under load;
Fig. ~d shows the detail D in Fis. 5a on a larger scale;
Fig. 6 schematically shows a side view of the tip of the shoe in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 shows the side view of the sandal having a base according to the invention;
Fig. 8 shows a side view of a lacing shoe having - another embodiment o~ the sole according to the invention;
Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the sandal according to the invention, as a side view (a) and its base in exploded form, as a , .
~10506 7 longitudinal section (b);
Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of the outsole according to ~he invention, as a longitudinal section through the point and ball area.
Fig. 1 shows a slip-on shoe 9a whose base 14 is composed of a plurality of layers, namely an outsole 11, a rigid intermediate layer 10 and a foot bed 4. Of these, the middle layer 10 consists of rigid material, such as wood or rigid plastic, whereas the layers 4 and 11 consist of flexible materiaL, if necessary having different compositions. Wood, a natural material is preferred for producing the rigid layer 10, ln particular in the form of a plywood sheet. When it consists of, for example, pressboard or particle board, the rigid layer 10 has an essentially constant thickness, preferably less than 1 cm, in particular only 0.5 cm, over its entire length.
Moreover, the rigid layer permits or facilitates in particular the incorporation, fastening and building up of spikes (for example for running shoes or goLf shoes) or of studs (for example for running shoes or football shoes) through internal threads, nuts or the like incorporated in the rigid layer. Particularly for golf shoes, the stability of the rigid layer increases the player's stability, which - may 'oe very important for playing a controlled stroke.
~owever, the rigid layer may also consist of a steel-reinforced or glass fiber-reinforced polyester sheet, for which, a thic~ness of less than 2 mm, optionally even less than l mm, is sufficient. It gives the foot the necessary rigid support during standing, wi~h the resuLt, in particular, that the calf muscles are relaxed. For walking, it is advantageous if the rigid layer 10 extends from the heel area f forward to over the ball area b but is recessed in the toe area z to give the toes the possibility of bending, and provide freedom of movement and thus allow them to 910506 8 ~ J
contribute to the springy set~ing-down of the foot during walking.
The rigid layer 10 consisting of an essentially flat or sheet-like material may be slightly arched, S corresponding to the general anatomy of the foot;
however, it i.s preferably flat and is angled only in the longitudinal section in order to give a heel curve h - preferably about 15 mm high - and thus provide the foot bed 4 with better support. The rigid layer 10 thus has, for example, the profile encountered in conventional shoes. On the other hand, the inside of the base 14 and hence of the foot bed 4 is in tne form of an inner surface 16 individually adapted to the true shape of the wearer's foot. Any deviations of the individual profile from the general profile of the rigid layer 10 are thus compensated through flexibility and pliancy.
The outer surface 17 of the outsole 11 has, preferably under the ball area b, a projection 17a which is, for example, bar-shaped, extends crosswise over the soLe, facilitates walking or running in a heal~hy manner exclusively by shifting the body weight and thus saves energy. People have most complaints in the front part of the foot; by the combination, according to the invention, or rigid layer 10 and the roll bar 17a, the dorsal flexion can be eliminatêd.
Furthermore, Fig. 1 shows a projection 6 in ~he heel area f of the outsole 11, which projection may likewise be bar-shaped and crosswise with respect to the running direction and is expediently combined with a heel curve Hf; at each step, it comes into contact with the floor surface 12 first and immediately gives the step the correct direction.
Fig. 2 shows a plurality of variants of the rigid layer 10 according to the invention with an outsole: here, the rigid layer 10 is not recessed in the toe area z but only rendered bendable by a channel 22. Furthermore, the outsole 11 has a thicXened ball ., .
910506 9 ~ 2 area llb, from which it tapers to the tip of the foot in order to support the upward curve Hz. Finally, a special embodiment of the heel area llf is evident on the outsole ll of Fig. 2: the heel end is bevelled or forms a roll segment 18, which may also be in the form of a bar; this favours orthopedically correct setting down of the foot when striding along, which also protects the hip joint. The set-down area can expediently be increased by means of a lip 26. If necessary, lip 26 - extending to the interior of the heel - may consist of a relatively soft flexible plastic while the actual outer surface of the heel llf consists of a harder flexible and therefore more hard-wearing material. Instead of such a bevel with or without a lip 26, it is possible, h~wever, also to achieve the same effect if the rear end of the heel area llf of the outsole consists of a soft flexible material.
The foot bed 4 (Fig. 3) has a profile which was obtained with the aid of new techniques, for e~ample by - taking a cast for a model, very similarly to the method by which orthopedically adapled insoles are pr~duced.
It has the above-mentioned toe area 4z with a depression for receiving the toes, a ball area 4b with a depression for receiving the balls of the feet, an arched area 4w, which corresponds to the arch of the foot under the instep, and a heel area 4f, whose depression supports the heel.
It is preferable if the foot bed ~ or an insole arranged on its inner surface 16, as shown in Fig. 4a, is provided, on the inner surface 16t at least over partial areas b and f, optionally also in the mid-foot area, with perforation holes 24 in order to permit good air circulation precisely in the areas where the sole of the foot is particularly sensitive and is supported, and thus to facilitate evaporation of foot perspiration. Instead of the formation of perforation 910506 10 ~ 7~
holes on the inside of the foot bed ~, it is also possible to provide small nub-like protuberances.
In order appropriately to support the preferred embodiment of the rigid layer 10 according to Fig. 2, it is expedient to provide a profiled sole 11 as the outsole. It is advantageous if this outsole 11 is such that it supports the heel curve of the rigid layer 10, i.e. provides a heel area f whlch is raised with respect to the ball area b. The height difference h is in general 5 to 25 mm, in particular 10-15 mm. At about 15 mm, the vast majority of adult feet are supported so that optimal relaxation of the calf muscles occurs.
The invention also permi~s the outsole ll, which consists of readily moldable material and is generally more hard-wearing, to be adapted to individual dimensions, or individual ~ones to be produced with different hardnessesi thus, for example, the heel area o the outsole 11 can be made somewhat more ~lexible, the i.nstep and the tip of the foot somewhat more rigid and the ball area semiflexible.
Furthermore, the outsole 11 has, in the toe area llz, an inward-pointing protuberance whose upper surface is flush with that of the layer lO recessed here, in order to fill the recess at that point in the rigid layer 10.
However, this protuberance, too, tapers coward the tip of the oot in order to support the arch of the latter.
The upper leather 15 shown in Fig. 1 is cut in the manner of slip-on shoes without shoelace holes. It can be ~oined to ~he sole in various conventional ways:
on the one hand, it is possible to wrap the lower edge of the upper leather downward around the rigid layer 10 and to last, bond or staple it from below; on the other hand, the lower edge of the upper leather may also be bent outward and bonded or stapled to the somewhat larger rigid layer 10 from above; finally, it is also possible to bond the upper 15, particularly when it . .
.. . . .
.. ..
consists of fabric, to the rigid middle layer 110 and then to insert the foot bed 4 - preferably likewise anchored by bonding - into the shoe. A connecting sole 13 (Fig. 5a) may also be arranged between foot bed 4 and rigid layer 10.
Because the base 14 is almost completely inflexible, folding of the upper during walking or running is prevented, so that there are no pressure points on the upper part of the foot and stresses in the foot are also reduced or avoided.
The injection molding technique, if necessary with simultaneous foaming, as disclosed for polyurethane, provides a good possible method for the production of the base of the footwear according to the invention. If necessary, it is even possible for the foot bed and outsole to be applied to both sides of the rigid layer in one operation, for ~hich purpose the rigid layer preferably has recesses 7 (~ig. 4b) for anchoring or ~or passage of the corresponding material.
More or less, larger or smaller recesses, if necessary only in the heel area, may be provided, depending on the material used for the rigid layer.
This also reduces the weight. The total base structure may consist of a single, resilient material which has been hardened at the point where the rigid layer is desired, or of a single, hard material which has been softened, for example foamed, at the point where the elastic foot bed is desired.
The lacing shoe 9b shown in Fig. 5a illustrates all essential features of the shoe according to the inventio~ which have already been described with reference to Fig. 1. It also shows an intermediate sole 13, which serves for better bonding of the shoe upper 15a to the shoe base 14; a wedge layer 19 which consists of a flexible material and ensures at least partial compensation of the heel curve Hf (Fig. 1 and 2) of the rigid layer 10 and better buffering of the 910506 12 ~ 3~
heel area f at the beginning of the individual steps;
a lace 20, which is displaced laterally outward from the central axis ~ of the instep in order to relieve the hallucis longis extensor EHL and which is pulled through eyes, of which at least the upper eyes 21 of the shoe upper 15 project outward, as can be seen more clearly in Fig. 5b, so that no pressure points act on the instep; and finally grooves 25 which are directed toward the outer surface 17 in the outsole 11 and are inclined - preferably backward - with respect to the stepping surface 12 and which, as shown in Fig. 5c, close under load and thus provide an additional buffer effect; the inclination of the grooves 25 may point in different directions in different areas of the outsole 1511. The acute-angled edges 2 formed at the stubs 27 of the outsole in longitudinal section are preferably cut off in the vertical direction, as shown in Fig. 5d.
At the tip of the slip-on shoe shown in FLg. 6, 23 denotes the sharply upward-pointing front sole end 20(compared with the position 23' of a conventional shoe, shown by a dashed line), whose toe area llz (the ball area llb remains rigid) can be bent, during walking, into a position 23'' which is even further up and is likewise indicated by a dashed line.
25For the purposes oî the invention, it is not absolutely essential to provide a continuous upper 15, as shown in Fig. 1, 5a and 8; instead, Fig. 7 and 9a show that the base according to the invention is also suitable for sandals or slippers. These have the 30advantage that not only the foot bed 4 but also the outer contours of the entire base 14 can be adapted to ' those of the individual foot bed, i.e. to the wearer's foot, which, apart from the perfect fit, also gives a 5' better appearance of the sandal on the foot. Here, the 35base 14 is once again formed by three layers 4, lOa and 3, the middle layer lOa of which is in the form of a rigid layer and extends as far as the tip of the foot.
910506 13 ~ J ~ ~ ~
However, it is not of uniform thickness but is thicker toward the heel, so that the outsole 3 can be uniformly thin and is bonded, as a simple sheet-like layer having a conventional profile, to the rigid layer lOa. On the other hand, if for reasons of cost it is intended -to keep the rigid layer 10 uniformly thick, it is also possible to provide a wedge layer 19 (not shown here, see Fig. 5a) in the case of the sandal.
Sandal straps 5 are fastened in a conventional manner, for example by means of nails 8, to the rigid - layér lOa. Instead, the relevant straps can, however, also be pulled through slots (not shown) ~hrough the rigid layer lOa or lOb which is thicker here. In the case of the sandal l (Fig. 7), too, the tip llz of the outsole can be formed in the same way as for the shoe (cf. Fig. 6), although this is not so important here because in the sandal l the heel in any case permits easy liting from the foot bed 4 at each s~ep in the case of the sandal 1. This makes it possible for the sandal according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 7, also to dispense with the inclined form otherwise preferred at the foot tip and foot end.
In the case of an embodiment of a shoe 9 (for example, according to Fig. 1 or 5a), it is of course also possible to have a rigid layer lOa or 13b of different thickness.
The anatomically shaped foot bed 4, preferably adapted individually to the wearer and comprisiny, for example, a mixture of cork and plastic, can also consist of two layers which are separate but joined to one another. Even in the case of the sandal according to Fig. 7, the rigid layer lOa may be formed, as shown in Fig. 2, with a curve Hz at the tip of the foot, a shoe-heel curve h and/or a heeL curve Hf, and 3~ with or without a toe recess.
The outsole 3 may be made of rubber or plastic or may be entirely omitted, in which case tha underneath of the rigid layer lOa acts as the outer surface. Precisely because of the difficulty of economically and individually adapting the rigid layer, it is important if at least the foot bed 4 has a high degree of flexibility, whereas the flexibility of the outsole 3 subject to wear may be lower.
The outsole 11 of Fig. 8 differs from those of the other Figures in that its outer surface 17 is uniformly cambered from front to back, and it is also quite possible for it to have a tread (not shown).
This may be desirable for certain types of footwear; ~-the result is a continuously soft set-down and rolling movement. The outsole 11 has, at its back, a further bevel 18, which in this case is arc-shaped and is free from a projecting lip 26 ~cf. Fig. 2), and also tapers toward the point, to area llz.
Fig. 9 shows another variant of a sandal according to the inven~ion, having a foot bed 4 in which through perforation holes 24 are arranged; a rigid layer lOb which is of nonuniform thickIless over lts length, in order to meet the various requirements already mentioned, and is recessed in the toe area llz;
and an outsole 11 having a heel llf and grooves 25 ! ~hich improve the grip. Its toe area llz is reinforced in order to fill the recess of the rigid layer lOb but - nevertheless tapers toward the tip in order to improve the curvature Hz.
Finally, Fig. 10 shows a variant of the bar-shaped projection 17b (cf. also 17a in Fig. 1), which runs crosswise over the shoe, in the ball area o~ the outsole and also indicates a variant of the grooves 25 or 25a, the latter being inclined forward in the area behind the projection 17b.
When anchoring spikes or studs in the rigid layer, it is advisable to provide - in the outsole and the wedge-shaped intermediate layer - recesses of larger diameter than the recesses in the rigid 1ayer, in order to receive the head of any spike or stud.
FOOTWEAR HAVING ~ aAsE _CONSIS~ING OF AT LEAST TWO
LAYERS
It is known that slipper-like or sandal-like footwear can be provided with a rigid sole, in particular of wood. In the case of so-called health sandals, clogs or running shoes, as disclosed in, for example, EP-A2-41201, EP-A3-80456, ~P-Al-98964, GB-A-221064, Ga-A-2001845 or GB-A-2111822, such a sole may even have, on the inner surface facing the user's foot, a foot bed adapted to the general anatomy of the foot.
The incorporation of a foot bed - optionally even adapted individually to the user's foot - has aLso been disclosed for s~i boots, which now generally have a rigid sole. However, it is difficult to walk in such shoes, to say nothing of running.
On the other hand, the use of a rigid sole is known to be advantageous because it provides stable support for the body, is thereore energy-saving during standing and promotes relaxation of the entire body, especially of the leg muscles, particularly in the lower leg. It also avoids rubbing between the foot and the shoe during walking and thus prevents stresses and blistering. Moreover, the shoe remains attractive for a longer time since there are no cross-folds in the 2; upper leather even after prolonged use.
It is therefore the object of the invention to provide footwear which combines the known advantages of a rigid sole and of a flexible, anatomically shaped foot bed with comfort for the wearer, is easy to produce and is felt to be pleasant and relaxing by the user during standing, walking and running. This object - is achieved by the combination of the features of claim 1. The user need not do without a flexible push-off effect and stimulating rolling effect during walking.
Further developed and improved embodiments of the invention are described in the defining clauses of the .
dependent claims.
For the purposes of the invention, a "rigid"
layer is understood as meaning a layer which essentially prevents bending of the baLl. It is sufficient for this purpose if the ].ayer - for example when superposed at a distance cf 25 cm - does not sag by more than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, under a central load of 50 kg.
In principle, the rigid layer may simultaneously form the outer surface of the base of the footwear according to the invention. It is preferable, however, if an outsole of flexible, in particular hard-wearing material, in whose outer surface it is also possible to emboss a Qrofile for better grip and non-slip properties, is provided under the rigid layer. By recessing the rigid layer in the toe area, the toes are allowed to move in cooperation so that the foot, after rolling over the ball - which is not curved - can nevertheless press down in a springy manner. Instead of a recess, the rigid layer may also be interrupted between the toe area and the ball area or have a groove ~hich permits it to bend.
Although recessing the rigid layer is also envisaged in EP-A2-41201, the rigid layer here ends in the ball area and thus eliminates its healthy effect because ~he foot then bends in the ball area as in the case of conventional shoes during walking or runnlng.
Furthermore, a projection is provided there in the outsole, ~hich projection is not located in the ball area but under the instep area and therefore exerts pressure on the sensitive middle arch of the foot via a rigid layer during standing.
~'J The conventional formation of a heel curve provides, in particular in conjunction with the other features of the embodiment accordlng to the invention, of the shoe design, better support for the foot, especially in the mid-foot and heel area; any . .
~ .
9105Q6 3 ~ 2 differences between the general and the indivtdual shape of the foot are compensated by the pliable foot bed. To compensate for the heel curve of the rigid layer, the rigid layer may be thicker at the back;
however, it is preferable if either the outsole compensates for this difference in height or a wedge layer, which is preferably at least semiflexible, is arranged under the rigid layer or between it and any outsole.
Although in principle the rigid layer may also have an anatomically shaped upper side, as is also known per se, this is not preferred, both for reasons of high production costs and owing to -the lack of adaptability to individual foot shapes.
Similarly to the different forms of fingerprints in different people, the height and depth dimensions of the soles of feet are also very different, so that foot beds adapted to general foot anatomy ma~ even be very disadvantageous for the individual wearer, and in fact the known ~oot beds occasionally result in painful callouses on prolonged ; use, and these shoes thus prove to be "unhealthy shoes". However, individual adaptation of the rigid sole to the shape of the foot bed required for each individual wearer would entail high tool costs and occssing costs.
Because the foot bed is now made of a flexible material, on the one hand the wearer's comfort is catered for and on the other hand it is easier to produce. Neverthless, there is no need to dispense with the advantages of a rigid sole layer. The combination gives the desired stability for the foot during rolling of the step.
The foot bed can either be made individually for the p~rticular user in a manner known per se, following an impression, a cast, a computer record or the like of the soles of the feet; it is then placed - .
. . . .
910506 4 ~J~2~2 on or, preferably, bonded to the rigid layer or any intermediate layer in the shoe. However, it is also possible to produce an individual foot bed by a direct method, where a moldable material is placed on the user's foot - which, if necessary, is protected by a film or the like - and caused to set there. 'rhe user can thus wait and obtain his shoe with an integral foot bed adapted individually to his foot: immediately in the shoe store.
1~ For better individual adaptation, the foot bed may also have a two-layer or multilayer form. On the one hand, individual adaptation may be effected by an additional layer on or under the general foot bed -starting from a generally anatomically shaped, elastic foot bed. The additional layer may have the same thickness over its entire area or may taper toward the point of the foot. By combining two or more different prefabricated elastic layers, however, it is often possible on the other hand to create a foot bed which, although not exactly corresponding to the individual foot, substantially approximates the foot. Moreover, the difference between the relaxed foot first thing in the morning and the wearer's foot which may be swollen through long standing or walking can be compensated by removing such an additional layer.
The foGt bed is expedier.tly made moisture-absorbent entirely or at least at the inner surface, especially in the ball and/or heel area. This is effected in the simplest case by perforation -i~
necessary only in parts - or the formation of nubs on the inner surface; covering with a moisture-absorbent material (which may also be perforated), such as leather, e.g~ an insole and/or the incorporation of active carbon or the like in the foot bed and/or in the covering is preferable.
It is advantageous if the shoe according to the invention or sandal according to the invention has an , upward-curving roll segment (heel curve) at the rear end, ~he heel area, because in this case there is a gentle movement and not an abrupt impact when the foot is set down.
If the rigid layer is recessed in the toe area, this recess may be filled with a separate, preferably flexible material. However, it is also possible for the outsole, the wedge layer and/or the foot bed to be formed in such a way that they fill this recess. The recess gives the toes freedom of movement and the possibility of bending the tip of the shoe (and this only) for an elastic and springy push-off of the foot during walking. Moreover, this also simulates, for civilized man, the lost possibility of using the toes, which, during walking, dug into the soft forest floor toward the end of the step under the load of the entire body, once again for pushing off for the next step.
This is particularly effective during running: with the shoe according to the invention, improved push-off makes it possible to run faster than with conventional running shoes.
To facilitat~ the formation of at least one of the two arched roll segments at the tip and at the heel, the outsole, the rigid layer and/or the wedge layer may taper at the relevant front or rear end.
The outsole eY~pediently has obliquely o~ening channels or grooves running toward the support surface so that a certain, joint-protecting elasticity or buffer effect is achieved during stepping. To prevent s~ch channels from bacoming bloc~ed by small stones and hence rendered ineffective, and because the resulting edges of the sole profile, which have an acute angle (viewed in longitudinal section), are subject to rapid wear, these edges are preferably broken.
The design of the footwear according to the invention inevitably means that the instep of the user's foot is subjectèd to influenceS which are - 9105~6 6 somewhat different or stronger than in the case of conventional shoes. During rolling, the foot (which bends only in the ball area) must in fact carry the shoe with i~. However, the instep area contains important muscles and vessels which would be subjected to pressure; particularly during relaxation of the hallucis longis extensor, which in Fig. 5b runs along the line EHL, it has therefore proven expedient to implement the features of claim 11.
Further details of the invention are to be found in the following description of embodiments shown schematically in the drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a slip-on shoe having the base according to the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a variant of the rigid layer with an outsole, likewise in the longitudinal section;
Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the foot bed, partly in section;
Fig. ~.a and b show a plan view of two embodiments of the foot bed;
Fig. 5a shows a lacing shoe according to the invention, the left half being a side view and the right half a longitudinal section;
Fig. 5b shows the same shoe in plan view and Fig. Sc shows it in side view, under load;
Fig. ~d shows the detail D in Fis. 5a on a larger scale;
Fig. 6 schematically shows a side view of the tip of the shoe in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 shows the side view of the sandal having a base according to the invention;
Fig. 8 shows a side view of a lacing shoe having - another embodiment o~ the sole according to the invention;
Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the sandal according to the invention, as a side view (a) and its base in exploded form, as a , .
~10506 7 longitudinal section (b);
Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of the outsole according to ~he invention, as a longitudinal section through the point and ball area.
Fig. 1 shows a slip-on shoe 9a whose base 14 is composed of a plurality of layers, namely an outsole 11, a rigid intermediate layer 10 and a foot bed 4. Of these, the middle layer 10 consists of rigid material, such as wood or rigid plastic, whereas the layers 4 and 11 consist of flexible materiaL, if necessary having different compositions. Wood, a natural material is preferred for producing the rigid layer 10, ln particular in the form of a plywood sheet. When it consists of, for example, pressboard or particle board, the rigid layer 10 has an essentially constant thickness, preferably less than 1 cm, in particular only 0.5 cm, over its entire length.
Moreover, the rigid layer permits or facilitates in particular the incorporation, fastening and building up of spikes (for example for running shoes or goLf shoes) or of studs (for example for running shoes or football shoes) through internal threads, nuts or the like incorporated in the rigid layer. Particularly for golf shoes, the stability of the rigid layer increases the player's stability, which - may 'oe very important for playing a controlled stroke.
~owever, the rigid layer may also consist of a steel-reinforced or glass fiber-reinforced polyester sheet, for which, a thic~ness of less than 2 mm, optionally even less than l mm, is sufficient. It gives the foot the necessary rigid support during standing, wi~h the resuLt, in particular, that the calf muscles are relaxed. For walking, it is advantageous if the rigid layer 10 extends from the heel area f forward to over the ball area b but is recessed in the toe area z to give the toes the possibility of bending, and provide freedom of movement and thus allow them to 910506 8 ~ J
contribute to the springy set~ing-down of the foot during walking.
The rigid layer 10 consisting of an essentially flat or sheet-like material may be slightly arched, S corresponding to the general anatomy of the foot;
however, it i.s preferably flat and is angled only in the longitudinal section in order to give a heel curve h - preferably about 15 mm high - and thus provide the foot bed 4 with better support. The rigid layer 10 thus has, for example, the profile encountered in conventional shoes. On the other hand, the inside of the base 14 and hence of the foot bed 4 is in tne form of an inner surface 16 individually adapted to the true shape of the wearer's foot. Any deviations of the individual profile from the general profile of the rigid layer 10 are thus compensated through flexibility and pliancy.
The outer surface 17 of the outsole 11 has, preferably under the ball area b, a projection 17a which is, for example, bar-shaped, extends crosswise over the soLe, facilitates walking or running in a heal~hy manner exclusively by shifting the body weight and thus saves energy. People have most complaints in the front part of the foot; by the combination, according to the invention, or rigid layer 10 and the roll bar 17a, the dorsal flexion can be eliminatêd.
Furthermore, Fig. 1 shows a projection 6 in ~he heel area f of the outsole 11, which projection may likewise be bar-shaped and crosswise with respect to the running direction and is expediently combined with a heel curve Hf; at each step, it comes into contact with the floor surface 12 first and immediately gives the step the correct direction.
Fig. 2 shows a plurality of variants of the rigid layer 10 according to the invention with an outsole: here, the rigid layer 10 is not recessed in the toe area z but only rendered bendable by a channel 22. Furthermore, the outsole 11 has a thicXened ball ., .
910506 9 ~ 2 area llb, from which it tapers to the tip of the foot in order to support the upward curve Hz. Finally, a special embodiment of the heel area llf is evident on the outsole ll of Fig. 2: the heel end is bevelled or forms a roll segment 18, which may also be in the form of a bar; this favours orthopedically correct setting down of the foot when striding along, which also protects the hip joint. The set-down area can expediently be increased by means of a lip 26. If necessary, lip 26 - extending to the interior of the heel - may consist of a relatively soft flexible plastic while the actual outer surface of the heel llf consists of a harder flexible and therefore more hard-wearing material. Instead of such a bevel with or without a lip 26, it is possible, h~wever, also to achieve the same effect if the rear end of the heel area llf of the outsole consists of a soft flexible material.
The foot bed 4 (Fig. 3) has a profile which was obtained with the aid of new techniques, for e~ample by - taking a cast for a model, very similarly to the method by which orthopedically adapled insoles are pr~duced.
It has the above-mentioned toe area 4z with a depression for receiving the toes, a ball area 4b with a depression for receiving the balls of the feet, an arched area 4w, which corresponds to the arch of the foot under the instep, and a heel area 4f, whose depression supports the heel.
It is preferable if the foot bed ~ or an insole arranged on its inner surface 16, as shown in Fig. 4a, is provided, on the inner surface 16t at least over partial areas b and f, optionally also in the mid-foot area, with perforation holes 24 in order to permit good air circulation precisely in the areas where the sole of the foot is particularly sensitive and is supported, and thus to facilitate evaporation of foot perspiration. Instead of the formation of perforation 910506 10 ~ 7~
holes on the inside of the foot bed ~, it is also possible to provide small nub-like protuberances.
In order appropriately to support the preferred embodiment of the rigid layer 10 according to Fig. 2, it is expedient to provide a profiled sole 11 as the outsole. It is advantageous if this outsole 11 is such that it supports the heel curve of the rigid layer 10, i.e. provides a heel area f whlch is raised with respect to the ball area b. The height difference h is in general 5 to 25 mm, in particular 10-15 mm. At about 15 mm, the vast majority of adult feet are supported so that optimal relaxation of the calf muscles occurs.
The invention also permi~s the outsole ll, which consists of readily moldable material and is generally more hard-wearing, to be adapted to individual dimensions, or individual ~ones to be produced with different hardnessesi thus, for example, the heel area o the outsole 11 can be made somewhat more ~lexible, the i.nstep and the tip of the foot somewhat more rigid and the ball area semiflexible.
Furthermore, the outsole 11 has, in the toe area llz, an inward-pointing protuberance whose upper surface is flush with that of the layer lO recessed here, in order to fill the recess at that point in the rigid layer 10.
However, this protuberance, too, tapers coward the tip of the oot in order to support the arch of the latter.
The upper leather 15 shown in Fig. 1 is cut in the manner of slip-on shoes without shoelace holes. It can be ~oined to ~he sole in various conventional ways:
on the one hand, it is possible to wrap the lower edge of the upper leather downward around the rigid layer 10 and to last, bond or staple it from below; on the other hand, the lower edge of the upper leather may also be bent outward and bonded or stapled to the somewhat larger rigid layer 10 from above; finally, it is also possible to bond the upper 15, particularly when it . .
.. . . .
.. ..
consists of fabric, to the rigid middle layer 110 and then to insert the foot bed 4 - preferably likewise anchored by bonding - into the shoe. A connecting sole 13 (Fig. 5a) may also be arranged between foot bed 4 and rigid layer 10.
Because the base 14 is almost completely inflexible, folding of the upper during walking or running is prevented, so that there are no pressure points on the upper part of the foot and stresses in the foot are also reduced or avoided.
The injection molding technique, if necessary with simultaneous foaming, as disclosed for polyurethane, provides a good possible method for the production of the base of the footwear according to the invention. If necessary, it is even possible for the foot bed and outsole to be applied to both sides of the rigid layer in one operation, for ~hich purpose the rigid layer preferably has recesses 7 (~ig. 4b) for anchoring or ~or passage of the corresponding material.
More or less, larger or smaller recesses, if necessary only in the heel area, may be provided, depending on the material used for the rigid layer.
This also reduces the weight. The total base structure may consist of a single, resilient material which has been hardened at the point where the rigid layer is desired, or of a single, hard material which has been softened, for example foamed, at the point where the elastic foot bed is desired.
The lacing shoe 9b shown in Fig. 5a illustrates all essential features of the shoe according to the inventio~ which have already been described with reference to Fig. 1. It also shows an intermediate sole 13, which serves for better bonding of the shoe upper 15a to the shoe base 14; a wedge layer 19 which consists of a flexible material and ensures at least partial compensation of the heel curve Hf (Fig. 1 and 2) of the rigid layer 10 and better buffering of the 910506 12 ~ 3~
heel area f at the beginning of the individual steps;
a lace 20, which is displaced laterally outward from the central axis ~ of the instep in order to relieve the hallucis longis extensor EHL and which is pulled through eyes, of which at least the upper eyes 21 of the shoe upper 15 project outward, as can be seen more clearly in Fig. 5b, so that no pressure points act on the instep; and finally grooves 25 which are directed toward the outer surface 17 in the outsole 11 and are inclined - preferably backward - with respect to the stepping surface 12 and which, as shown in Fig. 5c, close under load and thus provide an additional buffer effect; the inclination of the grooves 25 may point in different directions in different areas of the outsole 1511. The acute-angled edges 2 formed at the stubs 27 of the outsole in longitudinal section are preferably cut off in the vertical direction, as shown in Fig. 5d.
At the tip of the slip-on shoe shown in FLg. 6, 23 denotes the sharply upward-pointing front sole end 20(compared with the position 23' of a conventional shoe, shown by a dashed line), whose toe area llz (the ball area llb remains rigid) can be bent, during walking, into a position 23'' which is even further up and is likewise indicated by a dashed line.
25For the purposes oî the invention, it is not absolutely essential to provide a continuous upper 15, as shown in Fig. 1, 5a and 8; instead, Fig. 7 and 9a show that the base according to the invention is also suitable for sandals or slippers. These have the 30advantage that not only the foot bed 4 but also the outer contours of the entire base 14 can be adapted to ' those of the individual foot bed, i.e. to the wearer's foot, which, apart from the perfect fit, also gives a 5' better appearance of the sandal on the foot. Here, the 35base 14 is once again formed by three layers 4, lOa and 3, the middle layer lOa of which is in the form of a rigid layer and extends as far as the tip of the foot.
910506 13 ~ J ~ ~ ~
However, it is not of uniform thickness but is thicker toward the heel, so that the outsole 3 can be uniformly thin and is bonded, as a simple sheet-like layer having a conventional profile, to the rigid layer lOa. On the other hand, if for reasons of cost it is intended -to keep the rigid layer 10 uniformly thick, it is also possible to provide a wedge layer 19 (not shown here, see Fig. 5a) in the case of the sandal.
Sandal straps 5 are fastened in a conventional manner, for example by means of nails 8, to the rigid - layér lOa. Instead, the relevant straps can, however, also be pulled through slots (not shown) ~hrough the rigid layer lOa or lOb which is thicker here. In the case of the sandal l (Fig. 7), too, the tip llz of the outsole can be formed in the same way as for the shoe (cf. Fig. 6), although this is not so important here because in the sandal l the heel in any case permits easy liting from the foot bed 4 at each s~ep in the case of the sandal 1. This makes it possible for the sandal according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 7, also to dispense with the inclined form otherwise preferred at the foot tip and foot end.
In the case of an embodiment of a shoe 9 (for example, according to Fig. 1 or 5a), it is of course also possible to have a rigid layer lOa or 13b of different thickness.
The anatomically shaped foot bed 4, preferably adapted individually to the wearer and comprisiny, for example, a mixture of cork and plastic, can also consist of two layers which are separate but joined to one another. Even in the case of the sandal according to Fig. 7, the rigid layer lOa may be formed, as shown in Fig. 2, with a curve Hz at the tip of the foot, a shoe-heel curve h and/or a heeL curve Hf, and 3~ with or without a toe recess.
The outsole 3 may be made of rubber or plastic or may be entirely omitted, in which case tha underneath of the rigid layer lOa acts as the outer surface. Precisely because of the difficulty of economically and individually adapting the rigid layer, it is important if at least the foot bed 4 has a high degree of flexibility, whereas the flexibility of the outsole 3 subject to wear may be lower.
The outsole 11 of Fig. 8 differs from those of the other Figures in that its outer surface 17 is uniformly cambered from front to back, and it is also quite possible for it to have a tread (not shown).
This may be desirable for certain types of footwear; ~-the result is a continuously soft set-down and rolling movement. The outsole 11 has, at its back, a further bevel 18, which in this case is arc-shaped and is free from a projecting lip 26 ~cf. Fig. 2), and also tapers toward the point, to area llz.
Fig. 9 shows another variant of a sandal according to the inven~ion, having a foot bed 4 in which through perforation holes 24 are arranged; a rigid layer lOb which is of nonuniform thickIless over lts length, in order to meet the various requirements already mentioned, and is recessed in the toe area llz;
and an outsole 11 having a heel llf and grooves 25 ! ~hich improve the grip. Its toe area llz is reinforced in order to fill the recess of the rigid layer lOb but - nevertheless tapers toward the tip in order to improve the curvature Hz.
Finally, Fig. 10 shows a variant of the bar-shaped projection 17b (cf. also 17a in Fig. 1), which runs crosswise over the shoe, in the ball area o~ the outsole and also indicates a variant of the grooves 25 or 25a, the latter being inclined forward in the area behind the projection 17b.
When anchoring spikes or studs in the rigid layer, it is advisable to provide - in the outsole and the wedge-shaped intermediate layer - recesses of larger diameter than the recesses in the rigid 1ayer, in order to receive the head of any spike or stud.
Claims (29)
1. Footwear with a shoe upper and a base, the base having a front end and a rear end and comprising at least two layers, the inner surface of the base facing upward toward the user's foot being anatomically shaped and formed on a flexible foot bed, under which at least one rigid layer is located, the base having, at its front end, a roll segment which is curved upwardly from the support surface.
2. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tip of the roll segment is located a distance of 10 to 50 mm from the support surface.
3. Footwear as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance is 30 to 40 mm.
4. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base is bendable between the toe region and the ball region.
5. Footwear as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rigid layer is recessed below the toe area of the foot bed.
6. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base has, at its rear end, an upward-curving roll segment.
7. Footwear as claimed in claim 6, wherein the roll-segment is formed on a bar-shaped projection transverse to the running direction.
8. Footwear as claimed in claim 6, wherein the projection rearwardly terminates in a lip.
9. Footwear as claimed in claim 6, wherein the roll-segment terminates a distance of 5 to 20 mm from the support surface.
10. Footwear as claimed in claim 9, wherein the distance is 10 to 15 mm.
11. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of an outsole and a wedge-shaped intermediate layer of flexible material is provided under the rigid layer.
12. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein recesses for anchoring spikes or studs are provided in the rigid layer.
13. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the foot bed is individually adapted to the user of the footwear.
14. Footwear as claimed in claim 1 or 13, wherein the foot bed has a multilayer form.
15. Footwear as claimed in claim 1 or 13, wherein at least partial areas of the foot bed are moisture-absorbent at least at its inner surface.
16. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of an outsole and a wedge-shaped intermediate layer of flexible material is provided under the rigid layer and wherein the rigid layer has recesses for the passage of at least one of the material forming the foot bed, the material forming the wedge-shaped intermediate layer, and the material forming the outsole.
17. Footwear as claimed in claim 5, wherein the outsole has at its front end a thicker part for supplementing any recess in the rigid layer.
18. Footwear as claimed in claim 11, comprising an outsole with grooves opening obliquely toward the support surface and forming nubs therebetween.
19. Footwear as claimed in claim 18, wherein the acute-angle-edges of the corresponding nubs in the longitudinal section are cut off at least in the vertical direction.
20. Footwear as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outer surface of the outsole in the ball region has a bar-shaped projection transverse to the running direction.
21. Footwear as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outer surface of the outsole, viewed in the longitudinal direction, is continuously cambered with a region of maximum curvature, the region of maximum curvature being provided approximately underneath the ball area of the inner surface.
22. Footwear as claimed in claim 11, wherein at least one of the rigid layer, the wedge layer and the outsole thickens rearwardly in a wedge shaped manner.
23. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, in the form of a lacing shoe, wherein the lace is displaced outward from the central axis of the instep.
24. Footwear as claimed in claim 23, wherein at least the upper-most eye projects outward from the shoe upper.
25. Footwear as claimed in claim 11, wherein the outsole tapers to at least one of said front and rear end.
26. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rigid layer has a heel curve of 5 to 30 mm.
27. Footwear as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rigid layer has a surface adapted to the general anatomy of the foot and facing the foot bed.
28. Footwear as claimed in claim 15, wherein recesses are provided at the inner surface in at least one of the ball area and the heel area.
29. Footwear as claimed in claim 12, wherein at least one of an outsole and of a wedge-shaped intermediate layer of flexible material is provided under the rigid layer and wherein recesses of larger diameter than the recesses in the rigid layer are provided in the outsole and the wedge-shaped intermediate layer, to receive the head of any spike or stud.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL9001205A NL9001205A (en) | 1990-05-25 | 1990-05-25 | Shoe with laminated sole structure - has automatically shaped top layer on flexible bed, and rigid layer underneath |
| NL9001205 | 1990-05-25 | ||
| CH4074/90A CH682443A5 (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | Shoe with laminated sole structure |
| CH4074/90-1 | 1990-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2042902A1 true CA2042902A1 (en) | 1991-11-26 |
Family
ID=25694584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2042902 Abandoned CA2042902A1 (en) | 1990-05-25 | 1991-05-17 | Footwear having a base consisting of at least two layers |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0458174A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04231002A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2042902A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT97693A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7788827B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 | 2010-09-07 | Nike, Inc. | Article of footwear with mesh on outsole and insert |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2685173B1 (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1995-04-14 | Salomon Sa | MULTILAYER SPORTSHOE SOLE. |
| DE9212852U1 (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-02-04 | Wahrheit, Gerhard Maximilian, 6780 Pirmasens, De | |
| JPH0645503U (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-06-21 | 株式会社ナンシン | Athletic shoes |
| JP2564837Y2 (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1998-03-11 | アキレス株式会社 | Sandals |
| SE504647C2 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-03-24 | Hagloefs Scandinavia Ab | Device for a shoe in particular a walking shoe |
| DE29609992U1 (en) * | 1996-06-06 | 1996-08-29 | Seibel Rainer | Therapy shoe |
| EP0890322A1 (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-13 | Dong-Hong Park | Shoe sole |
| DE10036100C1 (en) | 2000-07-25 | 2002-02-14 | Adidas Int Bv | Sports shoe has inner sole layer with openings, support layer with second openings that overlap first openings and outer sole layer with at least one opening that overlaps second openings |
| DE10037728C1 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-21 | Adidas Int Bv | Shoe, in particular running shoe and process for its manufacture |
| JP4618622B2 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2011-01-26 | 株式会社アサヒコーポレーション | Training shoes |
| KR20030019969A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-08 | 박동홍 | Marking process of footwear |
| DE20119540U1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2002-03-21 | Birkenstock Christian | footbed |
| KR100668078B1 (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2007-01-11 | 현병남 | Outdoor functional shoes having excellent wear resistance and grip property |
| US7392601B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2008-07-01 | The Timberland Company | Chimney structures for apparel |
| US8359769B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2013-01-29 | The Timberland Company | Chimney structures for footwear |
| US8146266B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2012-04-03 | The Timberland Company | Chimney structures for footwear and foot coverings |
| GB2437698B (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2010-10-13 | Healus Ltd | Heelless sports shoe with force transmission |
| DE112006002347B4 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2019-07-04 | Healus Ltd. | Shoes with distribution of forces across the sole and feeling reinforcement |
| JP2007195661A (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-08-09 | Mizutori Kogyo:Kk | Wooden top plate for footwear, footwear, and manufacturing method of wooden top plate for footwear |
| US9662242B2 (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2017-05-30 | Stephen Michael Levine | Shoe with custom molded foot plate and method of making |
| JP2012170746A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-09-10 | Secaicho Union Corp | Sole and footwear |
| US10743622B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2020-08-18 | Tbl Licensing Llc | Footwear ventilation structures and methods |
| USD784665S1 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2017-04-25 | Tbl Licensing Llc | Toe cap for footwear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1485563A1 (en) * | 1964-08-01 | 1969-02-20 | Appelrath Hallerbach & Cie | Device for performing active walking therapeutic gymnastics using a shoe sole |
| DE7823439U1 (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1978-11-09 | (Italien) | Substructure for footwear, such as shoes or the like |
| US4213255A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1980-07-22 | Norbert J. Olberz | Sole for hiking boots and the like |
| US4348821A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1982-09-14 | Daswick Alexander C | Shoe sole structure |
| PT73364B (en) * | 1980-07-15 | 1982-08-19 | Israel Melcer | Sole of rigid material specially wood and shoes and boots equipped therewith |
| EP0099439A1 (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-02-01 | SANIPED FUSSKOMFORT GesmbH | Improvements in or relating to footwear |
-
1991
- 1991-05-15 EP EP91107824A patent/EP0458174A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-05-16 PT PT9769391A patent/PT97693A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-17 CA CA 2042902 patent/CA2042902A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-05-17 JP JP11335991A patent/JPH04231002A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7788827B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 | 2010-09-07 | Nike, Inc. | Article of footwear with mesh on outsole and insert |
| US8029715B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 | 2011-10-04 | Nike, Inc. | Article of footwear with mesh on outsole and insert |
| US8460593B2 (en) | 2007-03-06 | 2013-06-11 | Nike, Inc. | Article of footwear with mesh on outsole and insert |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT97693A (en) | 1993-07-30 |
| EP0458174A1 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| JPH04231002A (en) | 1992-08-19 |
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