CA2033195C - Aortic graft and method for repairing aneurysm - Google Patents
Aortic graft and method for repairing aneurysmInfo
- Publication number
- CA2033195C CA2033195C CA002033195A CA2033195A CA2033195C CA 2033195 C CA2033195 C CA 2033195C CA 002033195 A CA002033195 A CA 002033195A CA 2033195 A CA2033195 A CA 2033195A CA 2033195 C CA2033195 C CA 2033195C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- aortic graft
- aortic
- aorta
- graft
- cephalic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
- A61F2/06—Blood vessels
- A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
- A61F2/06—Blood vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
- A61F2/958—Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/848—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents having means for fixation to the vessel wall, e.g. barbs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/89—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure the wire-like elements comprising two or more adjacent rings flexibly connected by separate members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
- A61F2/06—Blood vessels
- A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
- A61F2002/075—Stent-grafts the stent being loosely attached to the graft material, e.g. by stitching
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
An aortic graft and system (10) and method for implanting the aortic graft are provided. The aortic graft (18) comprises a substantially cylindrical graft material with attachment means (22) which comprise a plurality of post (24) and hook (25) assemblies which are implanted with a double catheter system (35) to penetrate the aorta wall (11) above and below the aneurysm (12) to provide firm attachment of the aortic graft (18) and, thereby, exclude the aneurysm (12) from the circulatory system.
Description
- 2~331g5 WO 90~1~582 -1- . ' PCI/IIS90/033Z2 AORTIC GRAE-r AND MErHOD EOR REPAIRING ANFrll7y~
The invention is an aortic graft, and a device and method of using th~t device for repair and treatment of arterial aortic aneurysms. An aneurysm is a ballooning of the wall of an artery resulting from the weakening of the artery due to disease or other conditions. Left untreated, the aneurysm will frequently rupture resulting in loss of blood through the rupture.
Aortic aneurysrns are the most common form of arterial aneurysm and are li~e threatening. The aorta is the main artery which supplies blood to the circulatory systern.
The aorta arises from the left ventricle of the heart, passing upward and bending over behind the heart and passing down through the thorax and abdomen. The abdominal aorta supplies two side vessels to the kidneys, the renal arteries. Below the level of the renal arteries, the abdominal aorta continues to about the level of the fourth lumbar vertebrae where it divides into the iliac arteries. The iliac arteries, in turn, supply blood to the lower e~l,e~ ies and perineal region.
It is common for an aortic aneurysm to occur in that portion of the abdomina}
aorta between the renal arteries and the iliac arteries. This portion of the abdominal aorta is particularly susceptible to weakening, resulting in an aortic aneurysm. An aortic - aneurysm larger than about 4 cm. in diameter in this section of the aorta is ominous.
Left untreated, the aneurysm may rupture, resulting in rapid and usually fatal hemorrhaging.
Aneurysms in the abdominal aorta are associated with a particularly high mortality rate. Accordinglyl current medical standards call for urgent operative repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Abdominal surgery itself is a major procedure resulting in substantial stress to the body. Although the mortality rate for an aortic aneurysm is extrernely high, there is also considerable mortality and morbidity associated with surgical intervention to repair an aortic aneurysm. This intervention involves going through the abdominal wall to the location of the aneurysm to bypass or replace the diseased section ~UBSTITUSE ~iHEET i ,,~., wo go/15582 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -2- PCr/US90/03322 of the aorta at the aneurysm. A prosthetic device, typically a synthetic tube, is used for this purpose. This graft serves to exclude the aneurysm from the circulatory system, thus relieving pressure and stress on the weakened section of the aorta at the aneurysm.
Repair of an aortic aneurysm by surgical means is a major operative procedure.
In addition, substantial morbidity accompanies the procedure, resulting in a protracted recovery period. Finally, the procedure entails a substantial risk of mortality. While surgical intervention is nonetheless called for in the case of an aortic aneurysm in spite of these risks, certain patients may not be able to tolerate the stress of intraabdominal surgery. It is desirable to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with intraabdominal surgical intervention.
In recent years, methods have been developed to attempt to treat an aortic aneurysm v~rithout the attendant risks of intraabdominal surgical intervention. Among them are inventions disclosed and claimed in Kornberg, U.S. Patent No. 4,562,596(January 7, 1986) for Aortic Graft, Device and Method for Performing an Intraluminal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair; and ~ ~7arus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 (November 29, 1988) for Intr~hlmin~l Graft Device, System and Method.
Kornberg discloses an aortic graft comprising a flexible tubular material havinga plurality of struts to lend the graft stability and resiliency. The struts have angled hooks with barbs at their upper ends which are securely attached to the inside of the aorta above the aneurysm. Kornberg's graft is inserted using a tubular device also disclosed in his patent.
Kornberg, however, anchors only the proximal end of the graft in the aorta.
Kornberg claims that the downward flow of blood holds the distal graft securely in place so that no mechanical attachment is necessary distally. Kornberg, U.S. Patent No.
4,562,596, Col. 6, lines 24-27. The blood pressure in the abdominal aorta, however, is typically in the magnitude of 130 mm of mercury. In spite of the direction of flow of blood through the graft, proximal to distal, substantial back pressures within the aneurysm SU~ I ~ I ~ITE SHEET
~3, ~ .. 2~3319~
wO 90/15~82 _3_ r Pcr/usso/o3322 will result unless the distal end is also mechanically attached. Without distal attachmentr the device of Kornberg will not effectively exclude the weakened arterial wall at the site of the aneurysm from the forces and stress associated with the blood pressure.
T ~7arus discloses a grafting system that employs a plurality of staples mounted in the proximal end of the graft. Lazarus's staples are forced thr.ough the aorta wall by means of a balloon catheter. As does Kornberg, however, Lazarus discloses staples mounted only in the proximal end of the graft. There is no tearhing or suggestion in Lazarus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 as to the desirability or means for mechanically ~tt~ching the graft to the distal aorta below the level of the aneurysm.
Lazarus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 also discloses various means for repairing the aorta. Among them are surgical techniques, the use of nitinol coil, and various graft systems that are implaced by the use of a balloon catheter system.
Hence, although in recent years certain techniques have been developed that avoid or reduce the stress, morbidity, and risk of mortality associated with surgical intervention to repair aortic aneurysms, the systems that have been developed do not effectively treat the aneurysm and exclude the affected section of aorta from the pressures and stresses associated with the circulation. None of the devices disclosed in the prior art provide a reliable and quick means to bypass an aneurysmal artery.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method to repair an aortic aneurysm with a much lower risk of morbidity and mortality than that associated with intraabdominal surgical repair of the aneurysm.
A further object of the invention is to provide a means for repairing an aortic aneurysm in patients who cannot tolerate major abdominal surgery.
A further object of the invention is to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with extensive surgical procedures.
Another object of the invention is to provide a means to quickly stabilize patients suffering from an aortic aneurysm as an emergency procedure.
SUW~ E SHEET
WO 90/1~582 2 0 3 3 1 9 ~ - PCr/US90/03322 Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a means for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm without major surgical intervention.
A further object of the invention is to provide a device for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms while reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical procedures for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
An additional object of the invention is to provide a procedure and system for repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms at greatly reduced cost in terms of medical resources relative to intraabdominal surgical repair of the aneurysm.
Yet, an a(ltlition~l object of the invention is to provide a procedure and system for repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms at greatly reduced cost to the patient in terms of medical expenses, rehabilitation, morbidity, and recovery time.
SU~ 111 ~ITE SHEEl ~ ` 2033195 wo 90/15582 Pcr/usso/o3322 SUIVIMARY OF TI~E INVENl`ION
As illustrated in the accompanying drawings and disclosed in the accompanying claims, the invention is an aortic graft for perforrning an aortic anastomosis on a section of aorta, comprising, aortic graft means, having cephalic and caudal ends, and having an axis, a plurality of ~tt~rhment means attached to said cephalic and caudal ends of said aortic graft means for securing said aortic graft means to the aorta, said attachment means having base means, oriented in subst~nti~lly parallel relation to said axis of said aortic graft means, and attached to said aortic graft means, post means, attached to said base member and eYten(ling substantially radially away from said aortic graft means, and hool~ means oriented in substantially parallel relation to said axis, attached to the distal end of said post means for penetrating the aorta and securing said graft means to the aorta.
As set forth in the specification, the aortic graft of the invention is employed in 15 a process for ~Yclllrling from the circulation and, thus, rendering safe, an aortic aneurysm through the use of a balloon catheter and aortic graft comprising the steps of, inserting a contrast filled balloon catheter into the aneurysm to a proximal point just above the aneurysm abutting unaffected arterial tissue; measuring the diameter of the aorta at the proximal point just above the aneurysm; removing the contrast filled balloon catheter from the proximal point and placing it in the affected artery at a distal point just below the aneurysm abutting unaffècted arterial tissue; measuring the diameter of the vessel at said distal point, just below the aneurysm; removing the contrast filled balloan catheter;
measuring the distance between said proximal and distal points through radiographic 25 techniques; inserting along with a double balloon catheter a graft having first and second ends subst~nti~lly 1-4 mm larger than the size of the aorta at said proximal and distal points; blowing up the cephalic balloon from the distal end of the cephalic balloon to force hooks at the distal position of the cephalic end of said graft into mated relation SUt~ 111 ~ITE SHEET
203319~
wo 90~ 82 -6- PCr/USso/03322 with said cephalic aorta; continuing to blow up said cephalic balloon from said distal end of said cephalic balloon until said cephalic balloon is fully inflated and said proximal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said proximal end of the cephalic aorta; m~int~ining inflation of said cephalic balloon while inflating cuadal balloon;
blowing up said cuadal balloon from the proximal end of said cuadal balloon to force hooks at said proximal position of said cuadal end of said graft into mated relation with said aorta at said cuadal point; co~ illg to blow up said cuadal balloon from said proximal end of said cuadal balloon until said cuadal balloon is fully inflated and said distal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said distal end of the caudal aorta; removing the double balloon catheter system; and inserting into said graft a first expandable ring retainer.
2j SU~SmUTE SHEET
2a33l9.5 .
wo 90/lS582 ~ ` ` ' ` PCr/US90/03322 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAVVINGS
The characteristics and features of the present invention will be better understood through the following detailed description and accompanying drawings which are incorporated herein by reference:
Fig. 1 is an enlarged coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention shown with a double balloon catheter system that is used to implant it.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of an at~chment means of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a coronal view of a balloon catheter being inserted into the cephalic end of the affected artery above the aneurysm in order to measure the diameter of the vessel.
Fig. 4 is a coronal view of a contrast filled balloon catheter being inserted into 15 the caudal end of the abdominal artery below the aneurysm to measure the diameter of the vessel.
Fig. 5 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system of the present invention inserted into the abdominal artery so that the cephalic and caudal ends of the aortic graft are aligned with the cephalic and caudal portions of the aorta above and below the aneurysm, respectively.
Fig. 6 is a coronal view of the cephalic abdominal aorta above the aneurysm with the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system inserted, showing the penetration of the aorta wall of the attachment means as the cephalic balloon is inflated.
Fig. 7 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and cephalic balloon of Fig. 6 shown at a subsequent stage during inflation of the cephalic balloon as attachment means have penetrated the aorta wall.
SUt~ l l l LI~E SHET
wo go/15582 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -8- PCr/US90/03322 Fig. 8 is a coronal view of the caudal abdominal aorta below the aneurysm with the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system inserted, showing the penetration of the aorta wall of the ~tt~chment means as the caudal balloon is inflated.
Fig. 9 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and cephalic balloon of Fig. 8 shown at a subsequent stage during inflation of the caudal balloon as attachment means have penetrated the aorta wall.
Fig. 10 is a coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention after ~tt~chment means of cephalic and caudal ends have been implanted in the aorta wall and the double balloon catheter system has been withdrawn, excluding the aneurysm.
Fig. 11 is a top view of a retainer ring of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an oblique view of an alternative form of the retainer ring of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a coronal view of the cephalic end of aortic graft of the present invention showing installation of retainer ring in cephalic end with a balloon catheter.
Fig. 14 is a coronal view of the caudal end of aortic graft of the present invention showing installation of retainer ring in caudal end with a balloon catheter.
Fig 15 is a coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention showing the graft implanted in the aorta excluding the aortic aneurysm.
The aortic graft, and system and method of implanting an aortic graft of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
The drawings and the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which follows are illustrative and explanatory only and in no way limit the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
S~SmUTE StlEEIr wo go/l~582 -9- PCri-lS90/03322 DESCRIPrION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Fig. 1 illustrates aortic graft means 10 for repairing an abdominal aortic aneurysm 12. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the aortic aneurysm 12 is located in the abdominal aorta 11 between the renal arteries 15 and the iliac arteries 16.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the aortic graft 10 of the present invention can also be used in other locations without departing from the scope or spirit of the appended claims. For example, the graft could be used on any type of fluid conducting vessel such as sections of arteries located in other parts of the body or other types of vessels.
As embodied herein, aortic graft means 10 of the present invention comprises an aortic graft 18 having cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends and a body 21. The aortic graft 18 of the present invention is preferably fabricated from a flexible, yet resilient, material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) or other material having similar flexible and resilient properties. Other substance such as natural or synthetic polymeric substances (such as polyester fabric, Dacron, Mylar, Rayon, cellulose acetate, cellulose butynate) may also be used. A critical consideration is that the substance of which the aortic graft 18 is made be biologically inert and be compatible with the tissues into which the aortic graft is to be implanted. Many materials of this type are well known in the art.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention aortic graft 18 has a plurality of att~chment means 22 and a double balloon catheter system 35. The graft can be prepared and packaged under sterile conditions and assembled in a kit comprising first catheter system for measuring the diameter of the aorta, aortic graft 18, with att~chment means 22, a second catherer system which is a double balloon catheter system 35, and a third balloon catheter system 48 with retainer rings 4i. It is contemplated that the aortic graft 18, double balloon catheter system 35, and third catheter system 48 of the present invention be manufactured in various sizes so that the system of the presen~
SUts;~ JTE SHEET
wo so/lssg2 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -lo- PCr/US90/03322 invention is adaptable to the size and configuration of the aortic aneurysm of the individual patient.
As embodied herein and shown in Fig. 2, attachment means 22 of the present invention comprises base means 23, post means 24, and hook means 25. Hook means 25, in turn, further comprises tip 26 to f~ilit~te penetration of aorta 11 by hook 25 and barb 27 to resiliently hold ~tt~hment means in implanted position relative to aorta 11.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aortic graft 18, is provided with a plurality of att~rhment means 22, mounted in the cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends of aortic graft 18.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, base means 23, is constructed of a biologically compatible material such as metal or plastic. Base 23 can be a small flat strip of metal that is oriented in substantially parallel relation to the axis of aortic graft 18. Base 23 is attached to the cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends of aortic graft 18. This atta~hment can be accomplished by a variety of means including, but not limited to, gluing, welding, riveting, or simply positioning base 23 so that the distal surface of base 23 abuts the proximal surface of the lumen of aortic graft 18 and is held in place by force exerted on post 24.
Post means 24 is a post that is preferably oriented in substantially perpendicular relation to base 23. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, post 24 is mounted on the distal surface of base 23 so that post 24 extends radially outward from the axis of aortic graft 18 when base 23 is in mounted relation to aortic graft 18. Base 23 may be secured to aortic graft 18 through a variety of means including gluing, riveting, welding, or other means that are biologically compatible and will provide a secure attachment of post 24 to base 23. Base 23 can also be secured to aortic graft 18 by mounting base 23 in the lumen of aortic graft 18 so that the distal surface of base 23 abuts the proximal surface of the lumen of aortic graft 18 so that post 24 penetrates and SU~STITUlE SttEEt wo 90/15582 -11- PCI/~lS90/03322 extends through aortic graft 18. Force exerted on the distal end of post 24 then holds base 23 and post 24 in place.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, hook means 25 is a hook that is mounted on the distal end of post 24. Hook 25 is oriented substantially parallel relation to base 23 and, thus, the axis of aortic graft 18 when it is implanted in aorta 11.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limb of hook 25 on which tip 26 is located is longer as measured from post 23 than the end of hook 25 distal from tip 26. Further, hook 25 may have one or more barbs 27 for holding attachment means 22 and aortic graft 18 firmly in place relative to aorta 14 at the cephalic 12 and caudal 13 portions of the abdominal aorta above and below aneurysm 11 respectively.
Aortic graft means 10 is implanted in abdorninal aorta 11 through the use of a double balloon catheter system 35. The double balloon catheter system 35 of the present invention, is oriented so that when the balloons are inflated, tip 26 of hook 25 engages the wall of aorta 11 in substantially non-parallel relation in order to facilitate hook 25 15 penetrates abdominal aorta 11 to secure aortic graft 18 of the present invention to aorta 11.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the construction and implantation of attachment means 22 of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the claimed invention.
For example, the relative lengths of the limbs of hook 25 on each side of post 24 could be modified. Post 24 in turn could assume various configurations, provided the distal end of post 24 extends radially from aortic graft 18 to penetrate through aorta 11. Hook 25 could also assume various configurations and orientations, provided it is oriented in a manner so that it does not pose a hazard to nearby organs or systems when aortic graft 18 as implanted in aorta 11. Further, att~hment means 22 could be oriented so that it does not rotate in order to penetrate aorta 11 but, rather, simply erodes through aorta 11. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and SUBSTITUTE SHEEr ` 2033195 -12-wo go/15582 PCl /US90/03322 variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
The operation and att~hment of aortic graft means 10 can perhaps best be illustrated by the operation of the double balloon catheter system 35. Impiantation of the aortic graft means of the present invention involves several steps. First, an incision is made in the femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 to provide a means of access to aneurysm 12. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 3, a first balloon catheter assembly 28 is employed to measure certain critical features of aorta 11. First balloon catheter 28, as embodied herein, comprises a guide wire 29, a balloon 30, a supply tube 31, a first balloon catheter sheath 32, and contrast material 33.
Guide wire 29 is inserted through the incision in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 with first catheter assembly 28. Balloon 30 is filled with a radioopaque contrast material 33 to allow vicu~li7~tion of balloon 30 by radiographic means. Catheter assembly 28 is threaded through the opening of femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 until balloon 30 of first catheter 28 has been inserted into aneurysm 12 in the abdominal aorta 11. Using a radiographic system 34, balloon 30 is aligned with the cephalic portion 13 of the abdominal aorta 11 above aneurysm 12. Balloon 30 is then inflated until it engages the interior surface of the cephalic portion 13 of abdomin~l aorta 11 immediately above aneurysm 12. Radiographic system 34 is then employed to measure the diameter of the abdominal aorta 11 at its cephalic portion 13, above the aneurysm. This measurement is then recorded.
As shown in Fig. 4, first catheter assembly 28 is then withdrawn until balloon 30 is aligned with the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11 below aneurysm 12.
Balloon 30 is reinflated until it abuts the interior wall of abdominal aorta 11 at the caudal portion 14 of the abdominal aorta 11 below aneurysm 12. Radiographic system 34 is again employed to measure the diameter of abdominal aorta 11 at the caudalportion of abdominal aorta below aneurysm 12. This measurement is also recorded.
SUBS~ITUTE SHER
,` 203319~
wo 90/15582 -13- PCr/~lS90/03322 Using the data collected by the radiographic system, the distance between the cephalic portion 12 of abdominal aorta 13 and the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11, above and below aneurysm 12, respectively, as well as the diameter of the cephalic and caudal regions 13 and 14 of aorta 11, are then determined. Using this information, aortic graft means 10 of applo~-iate size for the patient is selected.
As embodied herein aortic graft 18 is preferably 2 to 10 rnm longer than the distance between the cephalic 13 and caudal 14 portions of abdominal aorta 11 as deterrnined by the radiographic system 34. Aortic graft means 10 of the present invention comprises aortic graft 18, att~chment means 22, and double balloon catheter system 35. Double balloon catheter system 35 also comprises radioopaque markers 42.
Radioopaque markers 42 are provided on the proximal 37 and distal 38 ends of cephalic balloon 36 as well as on the proximal 40 and distal 41 ends of caudal balloon 39, of double balloon catheter 35. As shown in Fig. S, using radioopaque markers 42, and radiographic system 34, aortic graft 10 is inserted through the opening in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 until cephalic balloon 36 is aligned with cephalic portion 13 of abdominal aorta 11 and caudal balloon 39 is aligned with caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11.
Cephalic balloon 36 is then inflated. As shown in Fig. 6, inflation of cephalic balloon 36 begins at the distal end 38 of cephalic balloon 36. As distal end 38 of cephalic balloon 36 is inflated, abutting att:~chment means 22 rotate so that the distal ends of base 23 are moved radially outward from the axis of aortic graft 18 while the proximal ends of base 23 remain proximate to axis of aortic graft 18. This rotation orient tips 26 of hooks 25 in substantially non-parallel relation to abdominal aorta 11.
As cephalic balloon 36 is inflated further, tip 26 engages abdominal aorta 11. Tntlatinn of cephalic balloon 36 forces tip 26 to penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 so that hook 25 extends through abdominal aorta wall 11. Barb 27 passes through the penetration so SUBS~ITUTE SHEET
wo9O/1~582 20~3I9~ -14- PCI/US90/03322 that tip 26 and barb 27 of hook 25 penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 and lie on the outer wall surface of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 7, inflation of cephalic balloon 36 continues in this manner, forcing att~hmPnt means 22 through abdominal aorta wall 11 until cephalic balloon 36 is fully inflated. When cephalic balloon 36 is fully infl~te~, attachment means 22 on cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 will penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 at cephalic region 13, firrnly and permanently anchoring aortic graft 18 to abdominal aorta 11.
Cephalic balloon 36 is fully inflated and att~çhment means 22 and cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 are anchored in proximal portion 13 of vessel wall 11, cephalic balloon is left fully distended. The distention of cephalic balloon 36 effectively closes off the flow of blood through abdominal aorta 11 during the remainder of the procedure.
Inflation of cephalic balloon 36 firmly holds the cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 in place while the caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 is being implanted in the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 8, caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 is implanted in caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11 by infl~ting caudal balloon 39 of double balloon system 35 beginning at the proximal end 40 of caudal balloon 39. As proximal end 40 of caudal balloon 39 is inflated, ~ttachment means 22 in caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 rotate as described above with respect to cephalic end 19 so that ~tt~hment means 22 of caudal portion of aortic graft 18 are firmly and perm~nently mounted in caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11, as shown in Fig. 9.
As shown in Fig. 10, once cephalic balloon 36 and caudal balloon 39 are fully distended, aortic graft 18 is seated both proximally and distally in abdominal aorta 11.
At that point, cephalic 19 and caudal 20 portions of aortic graft 18 effectively exclude further blood from the proximal or distal aorta from reaching aneurysm 11. iBody 21 of aortic graft 18 functions as abdominal aorta wall 11 of aneurysm 12. As shown in Fig.
10, once aortic graft 18 is fully seated in cephalic 13 and caudal 14 portions of abdominal SUBSTITUTE SHEEr 203319~
W O 90/15582 - PC~r/US90/03322 aorta 11, double balloon catheter system 35 is removed. Aortic graft 18 then assumes the full pressure and stress of the circulatory flow through abdominal aorta 11 effectively excluding aneurysm 12 and, thereby, substantially relieving aneurysm 12 of the stresses on it.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aortic graft means 10 further comprises retainer means 45. Retainer means 45 can be a resilient ring of material which functions to hold aortic graft 18 firmly in place in abdominal aorta 11.
As embodied herein, retainer 45 comprises body 46, locking means 47. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 11, retainer 45 can be a split ring which is configured so that the two ends of the split ring cooperate to form a smooth ring.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the construction and implantation of att~hment means 22 of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the claimed invention.
For example, retiner 45 can be a resilient mesh web as shown in Fig. 12. Body 46 of the web preferably comprises legs which are mounted in relation to each other so that the web can collapse to allow for for insertion and to lock in place once it has been implanted and expanded. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
As shown in Fig. 10, after double balloon catheter 35 is removed from abdominal aorta 11, guide wire 29 is left in place. As shown in Fig. 13, retainer 45 is inserted into abdominal aorta 11 through the use of third catheter system 48. Retainer 45 has radioopaque markers 42 on its proximal and distal surfaces. As retainer 45 and third catheter assembly 48 are inserted into abdominal aorta 11, radiographic system 34 tracks the location of retainer 45 relative to cephalic portion 13 and 19 of the abdominal aorta 14 and aortic graft 18, respectively. Once retainer 45 has been aligneà with cephahc portion 12 and 19 of abdominal aorta 14 and aortic graft 18, respectively, SUE~STITUTE SltEET
9 S -16- Pcr/US90/03322 cephalic balloon 49 is inflate(l As cephalic balloon 49 is distended, locking means 47 engage, fixing retainer 45 in the aorta 11 the open position. Once balloon 30 has been fully inflated so that retainer 45 is fully expanded, retainer 45 distends aortic graft 18 and aorta 11, forcing aortic graft 18 and attachment means 22 against cephalic portion 13 of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 14, caudal balloon 50 is then inflated, locking retainer 45 in the caudal portion of aortic graft 20 and aorta 14. Third catheter system 48 is then removed, along with guide wire 29. The incision in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16, through which the procedure was performed, is then closed and sutured. Circulation to the lower limbs is restored with aortic graft 18 excluding aneurysm 12 from circulation.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations of the invention can be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the appended claims. In particular, aortic graft means 10 can be used with or without 15 retainer 45. Retainer 45 could assume a variety of configurations, shapes and sizes while performing the function of securing aortic graft means l0 and abdominal aorta 14.
~tt~hment means 22 could also assume a variety of configurations in accordance with the scope and spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, the direction in which each of the balloons of the double balloon catheter system 35 is inflated is not critical, provided ~tt~rhment means 22 is oriented relative to the direction of inflation of cephalic 36 and caudal 39 balloons to facilitate penetration of aorta 11. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.
SUBSTITUTE SHEEr
The invention is an aortic graft, and a device and method of using th~t device for repair and treatment of arterial aortic aneurysms. An aneurysm is a ballooning of the wall of an artery resulting from the weakening of the artery due to disease or other conditions. Left untreated, the aneurysm will frequently rupture resulting in loss of blood through the rupture.
Aortic aneurysrns are the most common form of arterial aneurysm and are li~e threatening. The aorta is the main artery which supplies blood to the circulatory systern.
The aorta arises from the left ventricle of the heart, passing upward and bending over behind the heart and passing down through the thorax and abdomen. The abdominal aorta supplies two side vessels to the kidneys, the renal arteries. Below the level of the renal arteries, the abdominal aorta continues to about the level of the fourth lumbar vertebrae where it divides into the iliac arteries. The iliac arteries, in turn, supply blood to the lower e~l,e~ ies and perineal region.
It is common for an aortic aneurysm to occur in that portion of the abdomina}
aorta between the renal arteries and the iliac arteries. This portion of the abdominal aorta is particularly susceptible to weakening, resulting in an aortic aneurysm. An aortic - aneurysm larger than about 4 cm. in diameter in this section of the aorta is ominous.
Left untreated, the aneurysm may rupture, resulting in rapid and usually fatal hemorrhaging.
Aneurysms in the abdominal aorta are associated with a particularly high mortality rate. Accordinglyl current medical standards call for urgent operative repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Abdominal surgery itself is a major procedure resulting in substantial stress to the body. Although the mortality rate for an aortic aneurysm is extrernely high, there is also considerable mortality and morbidity associated with surgical intervention to repair an aortic aneurysm. This intervention involves going through the abdominal wall to the location of the aneurysm to bypass or replace the diseased section ~UBSTITUSE ~iHEET i ,,~., wo go/15582 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -2- PCr/US90/03322 of the aorta at the aneurysm. A prosthetic device, typically a synthetic tube, is used for this purpose. This graft serves to exclude the aneurysm from the circulatory system, thus relieving pressure and stress on the weakened section of the aorta at the aneurysm.
Repair of an aortic aneurysm by surgical means is a major operative procedure.
In addition, substantial morbidity accompanies the procedure, resulting in a protracted recovery period. Finally, the procedure entails a substantial risk of mortality. While surgical intervention is nonetheless called for in the case of an aortic aneurysm in spite of these risks, certain patients may not be able to tolerate the stress of intraabdominal surgery. It is desirable to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with intraabdominal surgical intervention.
In recent years, methods have been developed to attempt to treat an aortic aneurysm v~rithout the attendant risks of intraabdominal surgical intervention. Among them are inventions disclosed and claimed in Kornberg, U.S. Patent No. 4,562,596(January 7, 1986) for Aortic Graft, Device and Method for Performing an Intraluminal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair; and ~ ~7arus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 (November 29, 1988) for Intr~hlmin~l Graft Device, System and Method.
Kornberg discloses an aortic graft comprising a flexible tubular material havinga plurality of struts to lend the graft stability and resiliency. The struts have angled hooks with barbs at their upper ends which are securely attached to the inside of the aorta above the aneurysm. Kornberg's graft is inserted using a tubular device also disclosed in his patent.
Kornberg, however, anchors only the proximal end of the graft in the aorta.
Kornberg claims that the downward flow of blood holds the distal graft securely in place so that no mechanical attachment is necessary distally. Kornberg, U.S. Patent No.
4,562,596, Col. 6, lines 24-27. The blood pressure in the abdominal aorta, however, is typically in the magnitude of 130 mm of mercury. In spite of the direction of flow of blood through the graft, proximal to distal, substantial back pressures within the aneurysm SU~ I ~ I ~ITE SHEET
~3, ~ .. 2~3319~
wO 90/15~82 _3_ r Pcr/usso/o3322 will result unless the distal end is also mechanically attached. Without distal attachmentr the device of Kornberg will not effectively exclude the weakened arterial wall at the site of the aneurysm from the forces and stress associated with the blood pressure.
T ~7arus discloses a grafting system that employs a plurality of staples mounted in the proximal end of the graft. Lazarus's staples are forced thr.ough the aorta wall by means of a balloon catheter. As does Kornberg, however, Lazarus discloses staples mounted only in the proximal end of the graft. There is no tearhing or suggestion in Lazarus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 as to the desirability or means for mechanically ~tt~ching the graft to the distal aorta below the level of the aneurysm.
Lazarus, U.S. Patent No. 4,787,899 also discloses various means for repairing the aorta. Among them are surgical techniques, the use of nitinol coil, and various graft systems that are implaced by the use of a balloon catheter system.
Hence, although in recent years certain techniques have been developed that avoid or reduce the stress, morbidity, and risk of mortality associated with surgical intervention to repair aortic aneurysms, the systems that have been developed do not effectively treat the aneurysm and exclude the affected section of aorta from the pressures and stresses associated with the circulation. None of the devices disclosed in the prior art provide a reliable and quick means to bypass an aneurysmal artery.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method to repair an aortic aneurysm with a much lower risk of morbidity and mortality than that associated with intraabdominal surgical repair of the aneurysm.
A further object of the invention is to provide a means for repairing an aortic aneurysm in patients who cannot tolerate major abdominal surgery.
A further object of the invention is to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with extensive surgical procedures.
Another object of the invention is to provide a means to quickly stabilize patients suffering from an aortic aneurysm as an emergency procedure.
SUW~ E SHEET
WO 90/1~582 2 0 3 3 1 9 ~ - PCr/US90/03322 Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a means for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm without major surgical intervention.
A further object of the invention is to provide a device for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms while reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical procedures for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
An additional object of the invention is to provide a procedure and system for repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms at greatly reduced cost in terms of medical resources relative to intraabdominal surgical repair of the aneurysm.
Yet, an a(ltlition~l object of the invention is to provide a procedure and system for repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms at greatly reduced cost to the patient in terms of medical expenses, rehabilitation, morbidity, and recovery time.
SU~ 111 ~ITE SHEEl ~ ` 2033195 wo 90/15582 Pcr/usso/o3322 SUIVIMARY OF TI~E INVENl`ION
As illustrated in the accompanying drawings and disclosed in the accompanying claims, the invention is an aortic graft for perforrning an aortic anastomosis on a section of aorta, comprising, aortic graft means, having cephalic and caudal ends, and having an axis, a plurality of ~tt~rhment means attached to said cephalic and caudal ends of said aortic graft means for securing said aortic graft means to the aorta, said attachment means having base means, oriented in subst~nti~lly parallel relation to said axis of said aortic graft means, and attached to said aortic graft means, post means, attached to said base member and eYten(ling substantially radially away from said aortic graft means, and hool~ means oriented in substantially parallel relation to said axis, attached to the distal end of said post means for penetrating the aorta and securing said graft means to the aorta.
As set forth in the specification, the aortic graft of the invention is employed in 15 a process for ~Yclllrling from the circulation and, thus, rendering safe, an aortic aneurysm through the use of a balloon catheter and aortic graft comprising the steps of, inserting a contrast filled balloon catheter into the aneurysm to a proximal point just above the aneurysm abutting unaffected arterial tissue; measuring the diameter of the aorta at the proximal point just above the aneurysm; removing the contrast filled balloon catheter from the proximal point and placing it in the affected artery at a distal point just below the aneurysm abutting unaffècted arterial tissue; measuring the diameter of the vessel at said distal point, just below the aneurysm; removing the contrast filled balloan catheter;
measuring the distance between said proximal and distal points through radiographic 25 techniques; inserting along with a double balloon catheter a graft having first and second ends subst~nti~lly 1-4 mm larger than the size of the aorta at said proximal and distal points; blowing up the cephalic balloon from the distal end of the cephalic balloon to force hooks at the distal position of the cephalic end of said graft into mated relation SUt~ 111 ~ITE SHEET
203319~
wo 90~ 82 -6- PCr/USso/03322 with said cephalic aorta; continuing to blow up said cephalic balloon from said distal end of said cephalic balloon until said cephalic balloon is fully inflated and said proximal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said proximal end of the cephalic aorta; m~int~ining inflation of said cephalic balloon while inflating cuadal balloon;
blowing up said cuadal balloon from the proximal end of said cuadal balloon to force hooks at said proximal position of said cuadal end of said graft into mated relation with said aorta at said cuadal point; co~ illg to blow up said cuadal balloon from said proximal end of said cuadal balloon until said cuadal balloon is fully inflated and said distal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said distal end of the caudal aorta; removing the double balloon catheter system; and inserting into said graft a first expandable ring retainer.
2j SU~SmUTE SHEET
2a33l9.5 .
wo 90/lS582 ~ ` ` ' ` PCr/US90/03322 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAVVINGS
The characteristics and features of the present invention will be better understood through the following detailed description and accompanying drawings which are incorporated herein by reference:
Fig. 1 is an enlarged coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention shown with a double balloon catheter system that is used to implant it.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of an at~chment means of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a coronal view of a balloon catheter being inserted into the cephalic end of the affected artery above the aneurysm in order to measure the diameter of the vessel.
Fig. 4 is a coronal view of a contrast filled balloon catheter being inserted into 15 the caudal end of the abdominal artery below the aneurysm to measure the diameter of the vessel.
Fig. 5 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system of the present invention inserted into the abdominal artery so that the cephalic and caudal ends of the aortic graft are aligned with the cephalic and caudal portions of the aorta above and below the aneurysm, respectively.
Fig. 6 is a coronal view of the cephalic abdominal aorta above the aneurysm with the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system inserted, showing the penetration of the aorta wall of the attachment means as the cephalic balloon is inflated.
Fig. 7 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and cephalic balloon of Fig. 6 shown at a subsequent stage during inflation of the cephalic balloon as attachment means have penetrated the aorta wall.
SUt~ l l l LI~E SHET
wo go/15582 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -8- PCr/US90/03322 Fig. 8 is a coronal view of the caudal abdominal aorta below the aneurysm with the aortic graft and double balloon catheter system inserted, showing the penetration of the aorta wall of the ~tt~chment means as the caudal balloon is inflated.
Fig. 9 is a coronal view of the aortic graft and cephalic balloon of Fig. 8 shown at a subsequent stage during inflation of the caudal balloon as attachment means have penetrated the aorta wall.
Fig. 10 is a coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention after ~tt~chment means of cephalic and caudal ends have been implanted in the aorta wall and the double balloon catheter system has been withdrawn, excluding the aneurysm.
Fig. 11 is a top view of a retainer ring of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an oblique view of an alternative form of the retainer ring of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a coronal view of the cephalic end of aortic graft of the present invention showing installation of retainer ring in cephalic end with a balloon catheter.
Fig. 14 is a coronal view of the caudal end of aortic graft of the present invention showing installation of retainer ring in caudal end with a balloon catheter.
Fig 15 is a coronal view of the aortic graft of the present invention showing the graft implanted in the aorta excluding the aortic aneurysm.
The aortic graft, and system and method of implanting an aortic graft of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
The drawings and the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which follows are illustrative and explanatory only and in no way limit the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
S~SmUTE StlEEIr wo go/l~582 -9- PCri-lS90/03322 DESCRIPrION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Fig. 1 illustrates aortic graft means 10 for repairing an abdominal aortic aneurysm 12. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the aortic aneurysm 12 is located in the abdominal aorta 11 between the renal arteries 15 and the iliac arteries 16.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the aortic graft 10 of the present invention can also be used in other locations without departing from the scope or spirit of the appended claims. For example, the graft could be used on any type of fluid conducting vessel such as sections of arteries located in other parts of the body or other types of vessels.
As embodied herein, aortic graft means 10 of the present invention comprises an aortic graft 18 having cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends and a body 21. The aortic graft 18 of the present invention is preferably fabricated from a flexible, yet resilient, material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) or other material having similar flexible and resilient properties. Other substance such as natural or synthetic polymeric substances (such as polyester fabric, Dacron, Mylar, Rayon, cellulose acetate, cellulose butynate) may also be used. A critical consideration is that the substance of which the aortic graft 18 is made be biologically inert and be compatible with the tissues into which the aortic graft is to be implanted. Many materials of this type are well known in the art.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention aortic graft 18 has a plurality of att~chment means 22 and a double balloon catheter system 35. The graft can be prepared and packaged under sterile conditions and assembled in a kit comprising first catheter system for measuring the diameter of the aorta, aortic graft 18, with att~chment means 22, a second catherer system which is a double balloon catheter system 35, and a third balloon catheter system 48 with retainer rings 4i. It is contemplated that the aortic graft 18, double balloon catheter system 35, and third catheter system 48 of the present invention be manufactured in various sizes so that the system of the presen~
SUts;~ JTE SHEET
wo so/lssg2 2 0 3 3 1 9 5 -lo- PCr/US90/03322 invention is adaptable to the size and configuration of the aortic aneurysm of the individual patient.
As embodied herein and shown in Fig. 2, attachment means 22 of the present invention comprises base means 23, post means 24, and hook means 25. Hook means 25, in turn, further comprises tip 26 to f~ilit~te penetration of aorta 11 by hook 25 and barb 27 to resiliently hold ~tt~hment means in implanted position relative to aorta 11.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aortic graft 18, is provided with a plurality of att~rhment means 22, mounted in the cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends of aortic graft 18.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, base means 23, is constructed of a biologically compatible material such as metal or plastic. Base 23 can be a small flat strip of metal that is oriented in substantially parallel relation to the axis of aortic graft 18. Base 23 is attached to the cephalic 19 and caudal 20 ends of aortic graft 18. This atta~hment can be accomplished by a variety of means including, but not limited to, gluing, welding, riveting, or simply positioning base 23 so that the distal surface of base 23 abuts the proximal surface of the lumen of aortic graft 18 and is held in place by force exerted on post 24.
Post means 24 is a post that is preferably oriented in substantially perpendicular relation to base 23. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, post 24 is mounted on the distal surface of base 23 so that post 24 extends radially outward from the axis of aortic graft 18 when base 23 is in mounted relation to aortic graft 18. Base 23 may be secured to aortic graft 18 through a variety of means including gluing, riveting, welding, or other means that are biologically compatible and will provide a secure attachment of post 24 to base 23. Base 23 can also be secured to aortic graft 18 by mounting base 23 in the lumen of aortic graft 18 so that the distal surface of base 23 abuts the proximal surface of the lumen of aortic graft 18 so that post 24 penetrates and SU~STITUlE SttEEt wo 90/15582 -11- PCI/~lS90/03322 extends through aortic graft 18. Force exerted on the distal end of post 24 then holds base 23 and post 24 in place.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, hook means 25 is a hook that is mounted on the distal end of post 24. Hook 25 is oriented substantially parallel relation to base 23 and, thus, the axis of aortic graft 18 when it is implanted in aorta 11.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limb of hook 25 on which tip 26 is located is longer as measured from post 23 than the end of hook 25 distal from tip 26. Further, hook 25 may have one or more barbs 27 for holding attachment means 22 and aortic graft 18 firmly in place relative to aorta 14 at the cephalic 12 and caudal 13 portions of the abdominal aorta above and below aneurysm 11 respectively.
Aortic graft means 10 is implanted in abdorninal aorta 11 through the use of a double balloon catheter system 35. The double balloon catheter system 35 of the present invention, is oriented so that when the balloons are inflated, tip 26 of hook 25 engages the wall of aorta 11 in substantially non-parallel relation in order to facilitate hook 25 15 penetrates abdominal aorta 11 to secure aortic graft 18 of the present invention to aorta 11.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the construction and implantation of attachment means 22 of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the claimed invention.
For example, the relative lengths of the limbs of hook 25 on each side of post 24 could be modified. Post 24 in turn could assume various configurations, provided the distal end of post 24 extends radially from aortic graft 18 to penetrate through aorta 11. Hook 25 could also assume various configurations and orientations, provided it is oriented in a manner so that it does not pose a hazard to nearby organs or systems when aortic graft 18 as implanted in aorta 11. Further, att~hment means 22 could be oriented so that it does not rotate in order to penetrate aorta 11 but, rather, simply erodes through aorta 11. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and SUBSTITUTE SHEEr ` 2033195 -12-wo go/15582 PCl /US90/03322 variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
The operation and att~hment of aortic graft means 10 can perhaps best be illustrated by the operation of the double balloon catheter system 35. Impiantation of the aortic graft means of the present invention involves several steps. First, an incision is made in the femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 to provide a means of access to aneurysm 12. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 3, a first balloon catheter assembly 28 is employed to measure certain critical features of aorta 11. First balloon catheter 28, as embodied herein, comprises a guide wire 29, a balloon 30, a supply tube 31, a first balloon catheter sheath 32, and contrast material 33.
Guide wire 29 is inserted through the incision in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 with first catheter assembly 28. Balloon 30 is filled with a radioopaque contrast material 33 to allow vicu~li7~tion of balloon 30 by radiographic means. Catheter assembly 28 is threaded through the opening of femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 until balloon 30 of first catheter 28 has been inserted into aneurysm 12 in the abdominal aorta 11. Using a radiographic system 34, balloon 30 is aligned with the cephalic portion 13 of the abdominal aorta 11 above aneurysm 12. Balloon 30 is then inflated until it engages the interior surface of the cephalic portion 13 of abdomin~l aorta 11 immediately above aneurysm 12. Radiographic system 34 is then employed to measure the diameter of the abdominal aorta 11 at its cephalic portion 13, above the aneurysm. This measurement is then recorded.
As shown in Fig. 4, first catheter assembly 28 is then withdrawn until balloon 30 is aligned with the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11 below aneurysm 12.
Balloon 30 is reinflated until it abuts the interior wall of abdominal aorta 11 at the caudal portion 14 of the abdominal aorta 11 below aneurysm 12. Radiographic system 34 is again employed to measure the diameter of abdominal aorta 11 at the caudalportion of abdominal aorta below aneurysm 12. This measurement is also recorded.
SUBS~ITUTE SHER
,` 203319~
wo 90/15582 -13- PCr/~lS90/03322 Using the data collected by the radiographic system, the distance between the cephalic portion 12 of abdominal aorta 13 and the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11, above and below aneurysm 12, respectively, as well as the diameter of the cephalic and caudal regions 13 and 14 of aorta 11, are then determined. Using this information, aortic graft means 10 of applo~-iate size for the patient is selected.
As embodied herein aortic graft 18 is preferably 2 to 10 rnm longer than the distance between the cephalic 13 and caudal 14 portions of abdominal aorta 11 as deterrnined by the radiographic system 34. Aortic graft means 10 of the present invention comprises aortic graft 18, att~chment means 22, and double balloon catheter system 35. Double balloon catheter system 35 also comprises radioopaque markers 42.
Radioopaque markers 42 are provided on the proximal 37 and distal 38 ends of cephalic balloon 36 as well as on the proximal 40 and distal 41 ends of caudal balloon 39, of double balloon catheter 35. As shown in Fig. S, using radioopaque markers 42, and radiographic system 34, aortic graft 10 is inserted through the opening in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16 until cephalic balloon 36 is aligned with cephalic portion 13 of abdominal aorta 11 and caudal balloon 39 is aligned with caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11.
Cephalic balloon 36 is then inflated. As shown in Fig. 6, inflation of cephalic balloon 36 begins at the distal end 38 of cephalic balloon 36. As distal end 38 of cephalic balloon 36 is inflated, abutting att:~chment means 22 rotate so that the distal ends of base 23 are moved radially outward from the axis of aortic graft 18 while the proximal ends of base 23 remain proximate to axis of aortic graft 18. This rotation orient tips 26 of hooks 25 in substantially non-parallel relation to abdominal aorta 11.
As cephalic balloon 36 is inflated further, tip 26 engages abdominal aorta 11. Tntlatinn of cephalic balloon 36 forces tip 26 to penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 so that hook 25 extends through abdominal aorta wall 11. Barb 27 passes through the penetration so SUBS~ITUTE SHEET
wo9O/1~582 20~3I9~ -14- PCI/US90/03322 that tip 26 and barb 27 of hook 25 penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 and lie on the outer wall surface of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 7, inflation of cephalic balloon 36 continues in this manner, forcing att~hmPnt means 22 through abdominal aorta wall 11 until cephalic balloon 36 is fully inflated. When cephalic balloon 36 is fully infl~te~, attachment means 22 on cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 will penetrate abdominal aorta wall 11 at cephalic region 13, firrnly and permanently anchoring aortic graft 18 to abdominal aorta 11.
Cephalic balloon 36 is fully inflated and att~çhment means 22 and cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 are anchored in proximal portion 13 of vessel wall 11, cephalic balloon is left fully distended. The distention of cephalic balloon 36 effectively closes off the flow of blood through abdominal aorta 11 during the remainder of the procedure.
Inflation of cephalic balloon 36 firmly holds the cephalic portion 19 of aortic graft 18 in place while the caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 is being implanted in the caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 8, caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 is implanted in caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11 by infl~ting caudal balloon 39 of double balloon system 35 beginning at the proximal end 40 of caudal balloon 39. As proximal end 40 of caudal balloon 39 is inflated, ~ttachment means 22 in caudal portion 20 of aortic graft 18 rotate as described above with respect to cephalic end 19 so that ~tt~hment means 22 of caudal portion of aortic graft 18 are firmly and perm~nently mounted in caudal portion 14 of abdominal aorta 11, as shown in Fig. 9.
As shown in Fig. 10, once cephalic balloon 36 and caudal balloon 39 are fully distended, aortic graft 18 is seated both proximally and distally in abdominal aorta 11.
At that point, cephalic 19 and caudal 20 portions of aortic graft 18 effectively exclude further blood from the proximal or distal aorta from reaching aneurysm 11. iBody 21 of aortic graft 18 functions as abdominal aorta wall 11 of aneurysm 12. As shown in Fig.
10, once aortic graft 18 is fully seated in cephalic 13 and caudal 14 portions of abdominal SUBSTITUTE SHEEr 203319~
W O 90/15582 - PC~r/US90/03322 aorta 11, double balloon catheter system 35 is removed. Aortic graft 18 then assumes the full pressure and stress of the circulatory flow through abdominal aorta 11 effectively excluding aneurysm 12 and, thereby, substantially relieving aneurysm 12 of the stresses on it.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aortic graft means 10 further comprises retainer means 45. Retainer means 45 can be a resilient ring of material which functions to hold aortic graft 18 firmly in place in abdominal aorta 11.
As embodied herein, retainer 45 comprises body 46, locking means 47. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 11, retainer 45 can be a split ring which is configured so that the two ends of the split ring cooperate to form a smooth ring.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the construction and implantation of att~hment means 22 of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the claimed invention.
For example, retiner 45 can be a resilient mesh web as shown in Fig. 12. Body 46 of the web preferably comprises legs which are mounted in relation to each other so that the web can collapse to allow for for insertion and to lock in place once it has been implanted and expanded. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
As shown in Fig. 10, after double balloon catheter 35 is removed from abdominal aorta 11, guide wire 29 is left in place. As shown in Fig. 13, retainer 45 is inserted into abdominal aorta 11 through the use of third catheter system 48. Retainer 45 has radioopaque markers 42 on its proximal and distal surfaces. As retainer 45 and third catheter assembly 48 are inserted into abdominal aorta 11, radiographic system 34 tracks the location of retainer 45 relative to cephalic portion 13 and 19 of the abdominal aorta 14 and aortic graft 18, respectively. Once retainer 45 has been aligneà with cephahc portion 12 and 19 of abdominal aorta 14 and aortic graft 18, respectively, SUE~STITUTE SltEET
9 S -16- Pcr/US90/03322 cephalic balloon 49 is inflate(l As cephalic balloon 49 is distended, locking means 47 engage, fixing retainer 45 in the aorta 11 the open position. Once balloon 30 has been fully inflated so that retainer 45 is fully expanded, retainer 45 distends aortic graft 18 and aorta 11, forcing aortic graft 18 and attachment means 22 against cephalic portion 13 of abdominal aorta 11.
As shown in Fig. 14, caudal balloon 50 is then inflated, locking retainer 45 in the caudal portion of aortic graft 20 and aorta 14. Third catheter system 48 is then removed, along with guide wire 29. The incision in femoral artery 17 or iliac artery 16, through which the procedure was performed, is then closed and sutured. Circulation to the lower limbs is restored with aortic graft 18 excluding aneurysm 12 from circulation.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations of the invention can be made without departing from the scope or spirit of the appended claims. In particular, aortic graft means 10 can be used with or without 15 retainer 45. Retainer 45 could assume a variety of configurations, shapes and sizes while performing the function of securing aortic graft means l0 and abdominal aorta 14.
~tt~hment means 22 could also assume a variety of configurations in accordance with the scope and spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, the direction in which each of the balloons of the double balloon catheter system 35 is inflated is not critical, provided ~tt~rhment means 22 is oriented relative to the direction of inflation of cephalic 36 and caudal 39 balloons to facilitate penetration of aorta 11. Hence, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the invention, provided they come within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.
SUBSTITUTE SHEEr
Claims (14)
1. An aortic graft for performing an aortic anastomosis on a section of aorta, comprising, aortic graft means, having cephalic and caudal ends, and having an axis, a plurality of attachment means attached to said cephalic and caudal ends of said aortic graft means for securing said aortic graft means to the aorta, said attachment means having base means, oriented in substantially parallel relation to said axis of said aortic graft means, and attached to said aortic graft means, post means, attached to said base member and extending substantially radially away from said aortic graft means, and hook means oriented in substantially parallel relation to said axis, attached to the distal end of said post means for penetrating the aorta and securing said graft means to the aorta.
2. The aortic graft of claim 1, wherein said aortic graft means is subtantially cylindrical in shape.
3. The aortic graft of claim 1, wherein said aortic graft means comprises a resilient flexible material.
4. The aortic graft of claim 1, wherein said aortic graft means comprises a material inert to bodily fluids.
5. The aortic graft of claim 1, wherein said hook means further comprises barbed hooks.
6. The aortic graft of claim 1, wherein said aortic graft means further comprises retainer ring means for maintaining said first and second ends of said aortic graft in mated relation with abutting portions of the aorta.
7. An aortic graft for performing an aortic anastomosis on a section of aorta, comprising, substantially cylindrical aortic graft means, having first and second ends a plurality of attachment means attached to said first and second ends of said aortic graft means for securing said aortic graft means to the aorta, said attachement means having a base member attached to said aortic graft means at first or second ends thereof, oriented in substantially parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of said aortic graft means, post means, attached to said base members and extending radially from said aortic graft means, hook means attached to the distal end of said post means for penetrating the aorta and securing said graft means to the aorta, said hook means further comprising a barbed hook.
8. The aortic graft of claim 7, wherein said aortic graft means comprises a resilient flexible material.
9. The aortic graft of claim 7, wherein said aortic graft means comprises a material inert to bodily fluids.
10. The aortic graft of claim 7, wherein said aortic graft means further comprises retainer ring means for maintaining said first and second ends in mated relation with adjoining portions of the aorta.
11. An aortic graft for performing an aortic anastomosis on a section of aorta, comprising, substantially cylindrical aortic graft, having first and second ends a plurality of attachment means attached to said first and second ends of said aortic graft means for securing said aortic graft means to the aorta, said attachment means having a base member abutting the interior surface of aortic graft means at said first or second end of said aortic graft means, said base member oriented in substantially parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of said aortic graft means, post means, attached to said base members and extending through said first or second end of said aortic graft means radially from said aortic graft means, a hook attached to the distal ends of said post means for penetrating the aorta and securing said graft means to the aorta, said hook means further comprising a barbed hook, and retainer ring means for maintaining said first and second ends in mated relation with adjoining portions of the aorta.
12. The aortic graft of claim 11, wherein said aortic graft means comprises a resilient flexible material.
13. The aortic graft of claim 11, wherein said retainer ring means comprises a series of short segments which ratchet past one another to resiliently maintain the diameter of said retainer ring against compression.
14. A process for repairing an aortic aneurysm through the use of a balloon catheter and aortic graft comprising the steps of, Inserting a contrast filled balloon catheter into the aneurysm to a cephalic point, just above the aneurysm abutting unaffected arterial tissue;
Measuring to diameter and position of the aorta at the cephalic point, just above the aneurysm;
Withdrawing the contrast filled balloon catheter system from said cephalic point;
Repositioning the contrast filled balloon catheter in the affected artery to a caudal point, below the aneurysm abutting unaffected arterial tissue;
Reinflating the contrast filled balloon;
Measuring to diameter and position of the aorta at said distal point, just below the aneurysm;
Removing the contrast filled balloon catheter;
Measuring the distance between said cephalic and caudal points through radiographic techniques;
Inserting along with a double balloon balloon catheter a graft having first and second ends substantially 1-10 mm larger than the size of the aorta at said cephalic and cuadal points;
Inflating the cephalic balloon from the distal end of the cephalic balloon to force hooks at the distal position of the proximal end of said graft into mated relation with said cephalic aorta;
Continuing to blow up said cephalic balloon from said distal end of said cephalic balloon until said cephalic balloon is fully inflated and said proximal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said cephalic point;
Maintaining inflation of said cephalic balloon while inflating caudal balloon;
Inflating said caudal balloon from the proximal end of said caudal balloon to force hooks at said proximal position of said caudal end of said graft into mated relation with said aorta at said caudal point;
Continuing to inflate said caudal balloon from said proximal end of said caudal balloon until said caudal balloon is fully inflated and said caudal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said caudal point;
Removing the double balloon catheter system;
Inserting into said graft one or more retainers and a third balloon catheter system;
Implanting retainers at said cephalic and caudal positions inside aortic said graft;
Removing all catheters and wires;
Repairing all arterial incisions; and Closing incision used to access femoral or iliac artery.
Measuring to diameter and position of the aorta at the cephalic point, just above the aneurysm;
Withdrawing the contrast filled balloon catheter system from said cephalic point;
Repositioning the contrast filled balloon catheter in the affected artery to a caudal point, below the aneurysm abutting unaffected arterial tissue;
Reinflating the contrast filled balloon;
Measuring to diameter and position of the aorta at said distal point, just below the aneurysm;
Removing the contrast filled balloon catheter;
Measuring the distance between said cephalic and caudal points through radiographic techniques;
Inserting along with a double balloon balloon catheter a graft having first and second ends substantially 1-10 mm larger than the size of the aorta at said cephalic and cuadal points;
Inflating the cephalic balloon from the distal end of the cephalic balloon to force hooks at the distal position of the proximal end of said graft into mated relation with said cephalic aorta;
Continuing to blow up said cephalic balloon from said distal end of said cephalic balloon until said cephalic balloon is fully inflated and said proximal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said cephalic point;
Maintaining inflation of said cephalic balloon while inflating caudal balloon;
Inflating said caudal balloon from the proximal end of said caudal balloon to force hooks at said proximal position of said caudal end of said graft into mated relation with said aorta at said caudal point;
Continuing to inflate said caudal balloon from said proximal end of said caudal balloon until said caudal balloon is fully inflated and said caudal hooks are forced into mated relation with said artery at said caudal point;
Removing the double balloon catheter system;
Inserting into said graft one or more retainers and a third balloon catheter system;
Implanting retainers at said cephalic and caudal positions inside aortic said graft;
Removing all catheters and wires;
Repairing all arterial incisions; and Closing incision used to access femoral or iliac artery.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36771689A | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | |
| US367,716 | 1989-06-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2033195A1 CA2033195A1 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| CA2033195C true CA2033195C (en) | 1994-11-15 |
Family
ID=23448321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002033195A Expired - Fee Related CA2033195C (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1990-06-15 | Aortic graft and method for repairing aneurysm |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0429629A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07106213B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR950012177B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU632592B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2033195C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990015582A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (63)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5104399A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1992-04-14 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Artificial graft and implantation method |
| US5275622A (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1994-01-04 | Harrison Medical Technologies, Inc. | Endovascular grafting apparatus, system and method and devices for use therewith |
| US5669936A (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1997-09-23 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Endovascular grafting system and method for use therewith |
| US5749920A (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1998-05-12 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Multicapsule intraluminal grafting system and method |
| US7166125B1 (en) | 1988-03-09 | 2007-01-23 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Intraluminal grafting system |
| US5578071A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1996-11-26 | Parodi; Juan C. | Aortic graft |
| US5360443A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1994-11-01 | Barone Hector D | Aortic graft for repairing an abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| AR246020A1 (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1994-03-30 | Hector Daniel Barone Juan Carl | A ball device for implanting an intraluminous aortic prosthesis, for repairing aneurysms. |
| CA2065634C (en) | 1991-04-11 | 1997-06-03 | Alec A. Piplani | Endovascular graft having bifurcation and apparatus and method for deploying the same |
| US6682557B1 (en) | 1991-04-11 | 2004-01-27 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Bifurcated multicapsule intraluminal grafting system and method |
| AU658915B2 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1995-05-04 | Earl Ronald Owen | Tubular surgical implant |
| DE69228184T2 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1999-09-16 | Earl Owen | TUBULAR, SURGICAL IMPLANT |
| US5316023A (en) | 1992-01-08 | 1994-05-31 | Expandable Grafts Partnership | Method for bilateral intra-aortic bypass |
| US5562725A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1996-10-08 | Meadox Medicals Inc. | Radially self-expanding implantable intraluminal device |
| CA2125258C (en) | 1993-08-05 | 1998-12-22 | Dinah B Quiachon | Multicapsule intraluminal grafting system and method |
| US6051020A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 2000-04-18 | Boston Scientific Technology, Inc. | Bifurcated endoluminal prosthesis |
| US5609627A (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1997-03-11 | Boston Scientific Technology, Inc. | Method for delivering a bifurcated endoluminal prosthesis |
| AU3783195A (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-05-23 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Intraluminal stent for attaching a graft |
| CA2171896C (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 2007-05-15 | Scott C. Anderson | Multi-anchor stent |
| WO1996036297A1 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-21 | Kanji Inoue | Transplantation instrument, method of bending same and method of transplanting same |
| US6814748B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2004-11-09 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Intraluminal grafting system |
| FR2743293B1 (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 1998-03-27 | Denis Jean Marc | AORTO-ILIAC STENT |
| US5824042A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1998-10-20 | Medtronic, Inc. | Endoluminal prostheses having position indicating markers |
| US5941249A (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1999-08-24 | Maynard; Ronald S. | Distributed activator for a two-dimensional shape memory alloy |
| US6133547A (en) | 1996-09-05 | 2000-10-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | Distributed activator for a two-dimensional shape memory alloy |
| US5976178A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1999-11-02 | Vascular Science Inc. | Medical grafting methods |
| WO1998019635A1 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-14 | Vascular Science Inc. | Methods and apparatus for handling tubing used in medical procedures |
| US6136007A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 2000-10-24 | St. Jude Medical Cardiovascular Group, Inc, | Apparatus for handling tubing used in medical procedures |
| DE19731834A1 (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1999-06-17 | Ernst Peter Prof Dr M Strecker | Implantation device |
| FR2768921B1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-12-10 | Braun Celsa Sa | ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AN INTRALUMINAL PROSTHESIS AND A MEANS FOR SEALING SUCH A PROSTHESIS |
| WO1999016384A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-04-08 | B. Braun Celsa | Medical set for intervention on an anatomical duct, sealing ring pertaining to said set and use of said ring |
| US6511506B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2003-01-28 | B. Braun Celsa | Medical set for intervention on an anatomical duct, sealing ring pertaining to said set and use of said ring |
| WO1999030637A1 (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-06-24 | B. Braun Celsa | Medical treatment of a diseased anatomical duct |
| US6248116B1 (en) | 1997-12-16 | 2001-06-19 | B. Braun Celsa | Medical treatment of a diseased anatomical duct |
| US6626919B1 (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 2003-09-30 | Lee L. Swanstrom | Method and apparatus for attaching or locking an implant to an anatomic vessel or hollow organ wall |
| US6808498B2 (en) | 1998-02-13 | 2004-10-26 | Ventrica, Inc. | Placing a guide member into a heart chamber through a coronary vessel and delivering devices for placing the coronary vessel in communication with the heart chamber |
| FR2777450B1 (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 2000-10-13 | Braun Celsa Sa | MEDICAL DEVICE FOR TREATING AN ANREVISM |
| US6669707B1 (en) | 1998-07-21 | 2003-12-30 | Lee L. Swanstrom | Method and apparatus for attaching or locking an implant to an anatomic vessel or hollow organ wall |
| FR2773058B1 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2001-11-02 | Braun Celsa Sa | MEANS FOR ATTACHING AN IMPLANT TO AN ANATOMICAL CONDUIT AND MEDICAL ASSEMBLY FOR TREATING A CONDITION OF THIS CONDUIT |
| US6162246A (en) | 1999-02-16 | 2000-12-19 | Barone; Hector Daniel | Aortic graft and method of treating abdominal aortic aneurysms |
| US6613078B1 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2003-09-02 | Hector Daniel Barone | Multi-component endoluminal graft assembly, use thereof and method of implanting |
| US6602286B1 (en) | 2000-10-26 | 2003-08-05 | Ernst Peter Strecker | Implantable valve system |
| US7513867B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2009-04-07 | Kardium, Inc. | Methods and devices for altering blood flow through the left ventricle |
| US7854761B2 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2010-12-21 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Methods for venous valve replacement with a catheter |
| US7566343B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2009-07-28 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Cardiac valve, system, and method |
| US20060173490A1 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-03 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Filter system and method |
| US7867274B2 (en) | 2005-02-23 | 2011-01-11 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Valve apparatus, system and method |
| US7722666B2 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2010-05-25 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Valve apparatus, system and method |
| US8012198B2 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2011-09-06 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Venous valve, system, and method |
| US7569071B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2009-08-04 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Venous valve, system, and method with sinus pocket |
| US7749249B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2010-07-06 | Kardium Inc. | Method and device for closing holes in tissue |
| US8449605B2 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2013-05-28 | Kardium Inc. | Method for anchoring a mitral valve |
| US7837610B2 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2010-11-23 | Kardium Inc. | System for improving diastolic dysfunction |
| WO2008097589A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-08-14 | Boston Scientific Limited | Percutaneous valve, system, and method |
| US20090287304A1 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Kardium Inc. | Medical Device for Constricting Tissue or a Bodily Orifice, for example a mitral valve |
| US20110082538A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-07 | Jonathan Dahlgren | Medical device, kit and method for constricting tissue or a bodily orifice, for example, a mitral valve |
| DE102009047925A1 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-06-16 | Qualimed Innovative Medizinprodukte Gmbh | Endoluminal tubular stent graft |
| US9050066B2 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2015-06-09 | Kardium Inc. | Closing openings in anatomical tissue |
| US8940002B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2015-01-27 | Kardium Inc. | Tissue anchor system |
| US9072511B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-07-07 | Kardium Inc. | Medical kit for constricting tissue or a bodily orifice, for example, a mitral valve |
| US9668859B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2017-06-06 | California Institute Of Technology | Percutaneous heart valve delivery systems |
| WO2014144247A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Arash Kheradvar | Handle mechanism and functionality for repositioning and retrieval of transcatheter heart valves |
| AR104494A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2017-07-26 | Daniel Barone Hector | AORTIC PROSTHETICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURISMS |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3815578A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1974-06-11 | Investors In Ventures Inc | Method of inserting an implant into a portion of a tubular organ whose mucous lining has been partially removed |
| US4140126A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1979-02-20 | Choudhury M Hasan | Method for performing aneurysm repair |
| US5104399A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1992-04-14 | Endovascular Technologies, Inc. | Artificial graft and implantation method |
| US4562596A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1986-01-07 | Elliot Kornberg | Aortic graft, device and method for performing an intraluminal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair |
| EP0183372A1 (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-06-04 | RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) | Prosthetic stent |
| JPS6395050A (en) * | 1986-10-08 | 1988-04-26 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | Artificial blood vessel |
| US4872874A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1989-10-10 | Taheri Syde A | Method and apparatus for transarterial aortic graft insertion and implantation |
-
1990
- 1990-06-15 WO PCT/US1990/003322 patent/WO1990015582A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-06-15 JP JP2509878A patent/JPH07106213B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-15 KR KR1019910700190A patent/KR950012177B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-15 CA CA002033195A patent/CA2033195C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-15 EP EP19900909889 patent/EP0429629A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-06-15 AU AU58589/90A patent/AU632592B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5858990A (en) | 1991-01-08 |
| AU632592B2 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| WO1990015582A1 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
| JPH07106213B2 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| CA2033195A1 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| KR950012177B1 (en) | 1995-10-14 |
| EP0429629A1 (en) | 1991-06-05 |
| EP0429629A4 (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| KR920700594A (en) | 1992-08-10 |
| JPH04500328A (en) | 1992-01-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2033195C (en) | Aortic graft and method for repairing aneurysm | |
| US5207695A (en) | Aortic graft, implantation device, and method for repairing aortic aneurysm | |
| US8133267B2 (en) | Apparatus for engrafting a blood vessel | |
| US6334869B1 (en) | Endoluminal prosthesis | |
| US6840956B1 (en) | Systems and methods for deploying a biosensor with a stent graft | |
| US6540778B1 (en) | Multicapsule intraluminal grafting system and method | |
| US5489295A (en) | Endovascular graft having bifurcation and apparatus and method for deploying the same | |
| US7527645B2 (en) | Delivery system for endoluminal implant | |
| US6004347A (en) | Non-migrating vascular prosthesis and minimally invasive placement system therefor | |
| US7232459B2 (en) | Thoracic aortic aneurysm stent graft | |
| ES2372591T3 (en) | COVERED ENDOPROOTHESIS PLACEMENT SYSTEM TO IMPLEMENT A COVERED ENDOPROOTHESIS. | |
| JP3529672B2 (en) | Body cavity repair assembly | |
| EP2143402A1 (en) | Prosthesis with anchoring stents | |
| US20020177890A1 (en) | Stent graft loading and deployment device and method | |
| US20010053924A1 (en) | Suture support assembly | |
| CA2300743A1 (en) | Intraluminal grafting system with a plurality of retention devices |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |