CA2029439A1 - Process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damperInfo
- Publication number
- CA2029439A1 CA2029439A1 CA 2029439 CA2029439A CA2029439A1 CA 2029439 A1 CA2029439 A1 CA 2029439A1 CA 2029439 CA2029439 CA 2029439 CA 2029439 A CA2029439 A CA 2029439A CA 2029439 A1 CA2029439 A1 CA 2029439A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- deformation region
- metal sheet
- upsetting
- radially inwardly
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
- F16F15/124—Elastomeric springs
- F16F15/126—Elastomeric springs consisting of at least one annular element surrounding the axis of rotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
- B21D53/261—Making other particular articles wheels or the like pulleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/02—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution discs; disc wheels
- B21H1/04—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution discs; disc wheels with rim, e.g. railways wheels or pulleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
- B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Pulleys (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper includes transforming an annular deformation region of a metal sheet to an inertia ring through cold forging and affixing the inertia ring to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber. The metal sheet is supported during cold forging in a shape preserving manner at a holding region located radially inwardly of the deformation region.
The metal sheet is, in the deformation region, subjected to a radially inwardly directed upsetting action of an upsetting tool in such a way that a folding of the deformation region is substantially prevented.
The metal sheet is simultaneously rotated around its axis relative to the upsetting tool. The process provides for the simplified manufacture of torsional vibration dampers having a higher momentum of inertia and a higher efficiency-weight ratio. Subsequent cutting, forging or molding is substantially obviated.
A process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper includes transforming an annular deformation region of a metal sheet to an inertia ring through cold forging and affixing the inertia ring to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber. The metal sheet is supported during cold forging in a shape preserving manner at a holding region located radially inwardly of the deformation region.
The metal sheet is, in the deformation region, subjected to a radially inwardly directed upsetting action of an upsetting tool in such a way that a folding of the deformation region is substantially prevented.
The metal sheet is simultaneously rotated around its axis relative to the upsetting tool. The process provides for the simplified manufacture of torsional vibration dampers having a higher momentum of inertia and a higher efficiency-weight ratio. Subsequent cutting, forging or molding is substantially obviated.
Description
PROCESS FOR TH~ MANUFACTURE
OF A TORSIONAL VIBRATION DAMPER
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper, wherein a metal sheet is formed into an inertia ring through cold forming of an annular deformation region and is affixed to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber.
Such a process is known from German utility model 86 10 001.7, which teaches the shaping of the deformation region into a laterally open chamber in the axial direction, while avoiding change in the thickness of the metal sheet. It is a disadvantage of such a process that the material density at the outer circumference of the inertia ring, which mainly determines the resulting moment of inertia, is unsatisfactory. In addition, a rotary symmetrical productlon of such an inertia ring requires substantial know-how and high tooling cost.
The process of the present invention for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper has the advantage that it provides a simplified manufacture of an inertia ring having a relatively high moment of inertia.
The process in accordance with the invention provides for the manufacture of torsional vibration dampers which have an advantageous efficiency-weight ratio. Furthermore, it is a special advantage that, in the manufacture of the inertia ring, a further processing such as cutting or molding is substantially obviated.
Accordingly, a process in accordance with the invention includes the steps of transforming a metal sheet into an inertia ring through cold forming of an annular deformat~on region thereof and affixing the inertia ring to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber. The metal sheet is supported in a shape preserving manner at a holding region, which is located radially inwardly of the deformation region. Furthermore, the metal sheet is sub~ected to a .
.
.
OF A TORSIONAL VIBRATION DAMPER
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper, wherein a metal sheet is formed into an inertia ring through cold forming of an annular deformation region and is affixed to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber.
Such a process is known from German utility model 86 10 001.7, which teaches the shaping of the deformation region into a laterally open chamber in the axial direction, while avoiding change in the thickness of the metal sheet. It is a disadvantage of such a process that the material density at the outer circumference of the inertia ring, which mainly determines the resulting moment of inertia, is unsatisfactory. In addition, a rotary symmetrical productlon of such an inertia ring requires substantial know-how and high tooling cost.
The process of the present invention for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper has the advantage that it provides a simplified manufacture of an inertia ring having a relatively high moment of inertia.
The process in accordance with the invention provides for the manufacture of torsional vibration dampers which have an advantageous efficiency-weight ratio. Furthermore, it is a special advantage that, in the manufacture of the inertia ring, a further processing such as cutting or molding is substantially obviated.
Accordingly, a process in accordance with the invention includes the steps of transforming a metal sheet into an inertia ring through cold forming of an annular deformat~on region thereof and affixing the inertia ring to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer of rubber. The metal sheet is supported in a shape preserving manner at a holding region, which is located radially inwardly of the deformation region. Furthermore, the metal sheet is sub~ected to a .
.
.
2~294~
radially lnwardly directed upsetting action of an upsetting tool and is simultaneously rotated about its axis relative to said tool, in such a manner that a folding of the deformation region ls substantially prevented. A high material density at the outer circumference of the resulting inertia ring may be easily achieved through the radial upsetting of the metal sheet in the annular deformation region in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis. The resulting inertia ring preferably has in all directions a larger thickness than that of the metal sheet at the start of the forming process. A ratio of 3:4 may be achieved if a metal sheet of steel is used.
The metal sheet used is preferably planar and circular. It is preferably clamped, without affecting its shape, between rotary symmetrical holding plates, which engage its front and rear surfaces, so that a relative displacement of the metal sheet in relation to the holding plates during the cold forming process is substantially prevented. This is very important for the manufacture of an inertia ring, which has a good rotary symmetry.
It is especially preferred to perform the radial upsetting of the deformation region by means of a roller tool. This tool preferably has a deforming roller which is rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the holding plates. An especially even deformation of the deformation region may be achieved therewith.
The deformation region may be upset in the axial direction to such an extent that the front and rear surfaces of the deformation region of the inertia ring come into close contact with the respective forming surfaces of the holding plates and the roller tool. As a result, the ~hape of the forming surfaces is copied onto the deformation region, which allows an exact and controlled shaping of the deformation region in order to achieve, for example, an inertia ring of symmetrical or unsymmetrical profile. In addition, the circumferential surface of the deformation region may be provided through the upsetting process with radially directed recesses. These recesses may be evenly ,. ".,-., " , , , ., , ",.. .. . ..
, " , . ,: ,. .
,, . ~, , , . , , ,;
. . .
,,; ~", " " , , , ,, " " , ", , , !! ,. , d~stributed in the circumferential direction to provide the inertia ring with a gea~ like profile for the supporting of a toothed belt or a roller chain. Therefore, a subsequent mechanical dressing is generally obviated.
The invention will now be further described by way of example only and with reference to the following drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 schematically illustrates the use of a process in accordance with the invention at the beginning of the shaping of the deformation region;
Figure 2 illustrates the process shown in Figure 1 at completion of the deformation;
Figure 3 is an axial cross-section through a finished torsional vibration damper manufactured by a process in accordance with the invention; and Figure 4 is a front view of the torsional vibration damper shown in Figure 3.
Figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate the manufacture of an inertia ring by a process in accordance with the present invention.
In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of a process in accordance with the invention for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper, a sheet of steel in the shape of a flat, circular disk 1 is used. As shown in Figure 1, disk 1 is positioned in recesses 10 of holding plates 7 and i8 clamped under force between the holding plates in a clamping region 6 radially inwardly from a deformation region 12. A relative displacement of disk 1 in radial or circumferential direction during the subsequent shaping of deformation region 12 i8 thereby substantially prevented. For the shaping of deformation region 12, holding plates 7 are, together with the metal .. . . . . .
,,. , , ,, ' -,." ~' :, -: :
",' , ,''''''",'~ ',',,'' ' ' , '', ~ ,;.'.,,. ,,': ''"' ''.,''',':. ,'. ,",, '. ' ~
' '' '" ', , ' ' , . ' , ': ' ,':, '' , .
2~29439 sheet clamped therebetween, rotated relative to an upsetting tool 2 around a rotational axis 5. The tool 2 is preferably a roller tool 8 having a cylindrical forming surface 11. Tool 2 is rotatably supported parallel to and displaceable towards axis 5. The phsntom arrows in Figs. 1 and 2 indicate a relative movement of tool 2 from a starting position towards the disk as well as the movement of holding plates 7 towards the front and rear surfaces 15 and 18 of disk 1 for the clamping under force of the disk. A continuous displacement of roller tool 8 in this manner results in an engagement of forming surface 11 with the outer circumference of rotating disk 1 and a subsequent cold forging of deformation region 12 of the disk. The outer shape of deformation region 12 is progressively transformed to the shape of the respective forming surfaces 9 and 11 of the holding plates 7 and roller tool 8, until the final shape of inertia ring 14 shown in Figure 2 is reached. Inertia ring 14 is, after retraction of roller tool 8 to its starting position and moving apart of gripping plates 7, transferred into a vulcanization tool, wherein it is interconnected with the hub ring in a manner known in the art.
Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate an axial cross-section and a front view of a finished torsional vibration damper manufactured by a process in accordance with the present invention. The inertia ring 14 is connected with a hub ring 4 through an intermediate layer 3 made of rubber. Inertia ring 14 i8 provided along its outer circumference with radially directed, circumferentially extending grooves 16 which form a poly-V-profile and provide for the supporting of a poly-V-belt. The grooves are produced during or after the cold forming of the deformation region and by means of a roller tool so that no subsequent dressing of the inertia ring is required. A
different profile, for example, a gear or roller chain profile may be achieved in the same manner as described above when a roller tool 8 having appropriately shaped forming surfaces 9 is used. The finished torsional vibration damper is preferably mounted to the power train of a ~otor vehicle by bolts which extend through holes 20 provided in hub ring 4.
,, ', ,' ',,' ' ' " , ' ' : .' ' ' ~. ' ~'. ', '' '',', ' ' ' :
'' ''" i' '' " i' ' "' ' "' ' '" ' ~' ' , , , j, . " ., ~ , , , ~ I
radially lnwardly directed upsetting action of an upsetting tool and is simultaneously rotated about its axis relative to said tool, in such a manner that a folding of the deformation region ls substantially prevented. A high material density at the outer circumference of the resulting inertia ring may be easily achieved through the radial upsetting of the metal sheet in the annular deformation region in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis. The resulting inertia ring preferably has in all directions a larger thickness than that of the metal sheet at the start of the forming process. A ratio of 3:4 may be achieved if a metal sheet of steel is used.
The metal sheet used is preferably planar and circular. It is preferably clamped, without affecting its shape, between rotary symmetrical holding plates, which engage its front and rear surfaces, so that a relative displacement of the metal sheet in relation to the holding plates during the cold forming process is substantially prevented. This is very important for the manufacture of an inertia ring, which has a good rotary symmetry.
It is especially preferred to perform the radial upsetting of the deformation region by means of a roller tool. This tool preferably has a deforming roller which is rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the holding plates. An especially even deformation of the deformation region may be achieved therewith.
The deformation region may be upset in the axial direction to such an extent that the front and rear surfaces of the deformation region of the inertia ring come into close contact with the respective forming surfaces of the holding plates and the roller tool. As a result, the ~hape of the forming surfaces is copied onto the deformation region, which allows an exact and controlled shaping of the deformation region in order to achieve, for example, an inertia ring of symmetrical or unsymmetrical profile. In addition, the circumferential surface of the deformation region may be provided through the upsetting process with radially directed recesses. These recesses may be evenly ,. ".,-., " , , , ., , ",.. .. . ..
, " , . ,: ,. .
,, . ~, , , . , , ,;
. . .
,,; ~", " " , , , ,, " " , ", , , !! ,. , d~stributed in the circumferential direction to provide the inertia ring with a gea~ like profile for the supporting of a toothed belt or a roller chain. Therefore, a subsequent mechanical dressing is generally obviated.
The invention will now be further described by way of example only and with reference to the following drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 schematically illustrates the use of a process in accordance with the invention at the beginning of the shaping of the deformation region;
Figure 2 illustrates the process shown in Figure 1 at completion of the deformation;
Figure 3 is an axial cross-section through a finished torsional vibration damper manufactured by a process in accordance with the invention; and Figure 4 is a front view of the torsional vibration damper shown in Figure 3.
Figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate the manufacture of an inertia ring by a process in accordance with the present invention.
In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of a process in accordance with the invention for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper, a sheet of steel in the shape of a flat, circular disk 1 is used. As shown in Figure 1, disk 1 is positioned in recesses 10 of holding plates 7 and i8 clamped under force between the holding plates in a clamping region 6 radially inwardly from a deformation region 12. A relative displacement of disk 1 in radial or circumferential direction during the subsequent shaping of deformation region 12 i8 thereby substantially prevented. For the shaping of deformation region 12, holding plates 7 are, together with the metal .. . . . . .
,,. , , ,, ' -,." ~' :, -: :
",' , ,''''''",'~ ',',,'' ' ' , '', ~ ,;.'.,,. ,,': ''"' ''.,''',':. ,'. ,",, '. ' ~
' '' '" ', , ' ' , . ' , ': ' ,':, '' , .
2~29439 sheet clamped therebetween, rotated relative to an upsetting tool 2 around a rotational axis 5. The tool 2 is preferably a roller tool 8 having a cylindrical forming surface 11. Tool 2 is rotatably supported parallel to and displaceable towards axis 5. The phsntom arrows in Figs. 1 and 2 indicate a relative movement of tool 2 from a starting position towards the disk as well as the movement of holding plates 7 towards the front and rear surfaces 15 and 18 of disk 1 for the clamping under force of the disk. A continuous displacement of roller tool 8 in this manner results in an engagement of forming surface 11 with the outer circumference of rotating disk 1 and a subsequent cold forging of deformation region 12 of the disk. The outer shape of deformation region 12 is progressively transformed to the shape of the respective forming surfaces 9 and 11 of the holding plates 7 and roller tool 8, until the final shape of inertia ring 14 shown in Figure 2 is reached. Inertia ring 14 is, after retraction of roller tool 8 to its starting position and moving apart of gripping plates 7, transferred into a vulcanization tool, wherein it is interconnected with the hub ring in a manner known in the art.
Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate an axial cross-section and a front view of a finished torsional vibration damper manufactured by a process in accordance with the present invention. The inertia ring 14 is connected with a hub ring 4 through an intermediate layer 3 made of rubber. Inertia ring 14 i8 provided along its outer circumference with radially directed, circumferentially extending grooves 16 which form a poly-V-profile and provide for the supporting of a poly-V-belt. The grooves are produced during or after the cold forming of the deformation region and by means of a roller tool so that no subsequent dressing of the inertia ring is required. A
different profile, for example, a gear or roller chain profile may be achieved in the same manner as described above when a roller tool 8 having appropriately shaped forming surfaces 9 is used. The finished torsional vibration damper is preferably mounted to the power train of a ~otor vehicle by bolts which extend through holes 20 provided in hub ring 4.
,, ', ,' ',,' ' ' " , ' ' : .' ' ' ~. ' ~'. ', '' '',', ' ' ' :
'' ''" i' '' " i' ' "' ' "' ' '" ' ~' ' , , , j, . " ., ~ , , , ~ I
Claims (8)
1. A process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper, comprising the steps of transforming a metal sheet through cold forming of an annular deformation region thereof into an inertia ring and affixing said inertia ring to a hub ring by means of an intermediate layer made of rubber, said metal sheet being supported in a shape preserving manner in a holding region located radially inwardly of said deformation region and being subjected in said deformation region to a radially inwardly directed upsetting action of an upsetting tool, said metal sheet being simultaneously rotated relative to said tool about its axis in such a way that a folding of the deformation region is substantially prevented.
2. A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the metal sheet has front and rear surfaces and is clamped between rotary symmetrical holding plates which are axially adjacent said front and rear surfaces of the metal sheet for achieving a shape preserving supporting of the metal sheet.
3. A process as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein said radial upsetting of said deformation region is achieved by means of a roller tool.
4. A process as defined in claim 2, wherein said deformation region is radially inwardly upset until, in said deformation region, said front and rear surfaces engage respectively opposite forming surfaces of said holding plates.
5. A process as defined in claim 3, wherein said deformation region is radially inwardly upset until, in said deformation region, said front and rear surfaces engage respectively opposite forming surfaces of said holding plates.
6. A process as defined in claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein radially directed recesses are pressed into a circumferential surface of said deformation region during upsetting thereof.
7. A process as defined in claim 3, wherein radially directed recesses are pressed into a circumferential surface of said deformation region during upsetting thereof.
8. A process as defined in claim 7, wherein said recesses are circumferentially evenly distributed for achieving a poly-V or gear profile.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3938033.5 | 1989-11-16 | ||
| DE19893938033 DE3938033C2 (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1989-11-16 | Method of manufacturing a torsional vibration damper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2029439A1 true CA2029439A1 (en) | 1991-05-17 |
Family
ID=6393597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2029439 Abandoned CA2029439A1 (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1990-11-07 | Process for the manufacture of a torsional vibration damper |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0427916A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH03161135A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9005086A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2029439A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3938033C2 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX172368B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4408427C2 (en) * | 1994-03-12 | 1998-01-15 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Process for producing a profiled ring as a flywheel for a torsional vibration damper |
| DE102004060896C9 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2010-04-29 | Winkelmann Powertrain Components Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flywheel for a torsional vibration damper and method of making such a flywheel |
| DE102009004540B4 (en) | 2009-01-14 | 2022-06-30 | Fischer & Kaufmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for manufacturing a hub part and a flywheel ring for a torsional vibration damper |
| CN117583850B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-26 | 山东盛祥智能制造有限公司 | Production method of leaf spring torsional vibration damper |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1068654B (en) * | 1959-11-12 | |||
| DE523907C (en) * | 1930-01-18 | 1931-04-29 | Josef Rosenbaum | Combined pressing and rolling mill for the completion of preformed wheel and roller blanks or similar workpieces |
| FR2055776B1 (en) * | 1969-08-14 | 1976-04-16 | Moise Rene | |
| DE2744406A1 (en) * | 1977-10-03 | 1979-04-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Piston engine shaft pulley disc - has closed cover over bearer sleeve face side turned away from shaft fixture |
| DE3314503C2 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1985-08-29 | Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid | Vibration absorber |
| JPS61226132A (en) * | 1985-03-30 | 1986-10-08 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Rotary forging machine with external shape forming roll |
| DE3519719A1 (en) * | 1985-06-01 | 1986-12-04 | Winkelmann & Pannhoff Gmbh, 4730 Ahlen | WHEEL DISC, ESPECIALLY MULTIPLE V-PULLEY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ROTATIONALLY-SYMMETRIC BODIES FROM CHANGE-MOLDABLE MATERIAL |
| DE8610001U1 (en) * | 1986-04-12 | 1989-03-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München | Vibration damper, especially for the crankshaft of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
| JPS63137532A (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-09 | Nippon Isueede Kk | Manufacture of poly v pulley |
| JPS63246566A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-13 | Fuji Kiko Co Ltd | Pulley and manufacture thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-11-16 DE DE19893938033 patent/DE3938033C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-07-06 EP EP19900112887 patent/EP0427916A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-10-11 BR BR9005086A patent/BR9005086A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-02 JP JP29875390A patent/JPH03161135A/en active Pending
- 1990-11-07 CA CA 2029439 patent/CA2029439A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-11-12 MX MX2329190A patent/MX172368B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0427916A2 (en) | 1991-05-22 |
| DE3938033C2 (en) | 1995-07-20 |
| EP0427916A3 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| JPH03161135A (en) | 1991-07-11 |
| MX172368B (en) | 1993-12-14 |
| BR9005086A (en) | 1991-09-17 |
| DE3938033A1 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |