CA2028795A1 - Polyol and utilization thereof - Google Patents
Polyol and utilization thereofInfo
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- CA2028795A1 CA2028795A1 CA 2028795 CA2028795A CA2028795A1 CA 2028795 A1 CA2028795 A1 CA 2028795A1 CA 2028795 CA2028795 CA 2028795 CA 2028795 A CA2028795 A CA 2028795A CA 2028795 A1 CA2028795 A1 CA 2028795A1
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- polyol
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- polyurethane foam
- rigid polyurethane
- foaming agent
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Abstract
A b s t r a c t The present invention relates to a polyol, polyurethane resin, rigid polyurethane foam, preparation process thereof and a preparation process of a rigid polyurethane foam composite.
The polyol used in the present invention comprises a phenol resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or a polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine base polyol.
The above polyurethane resin, foam and composite have resistance to dissolution in a hydrochlorofluorocarbons and a hydrofluorocarbons which are foaming agents having very low public hagard.
The above-mentioned foams have excellent physical properties equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by using chlorofluorocarbons, and hence are very useful as a thermal insulation material or a thermal insulation structure for refrigerators, freezers, insulation panels, ships or vehicles.
The polyol used in the present invention comprises a phenol resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or a polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine base polyol.
The above polyurethane resin, foam and composite have resistance to dissolution in a hydrochlorofluorocarbons and a hydrofluorocarbons which are foaming agents having very low public hagard.
The above-mentioned foams have excellent physical properties equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by using chlorofluorocarbons, and hence are very useful as a thermal insulation material or a thermal insulation structure for refrigerators, freezers, insulation panels, ships or vehicles.
Description
CA ~
S P E C I F I C A T I O N 2~28795 1. Title of the Invention POLYOL AND UTILIZATION THEREOF
S P E C I F I C A T I O N 2~28795 1. Title of the Invention POLYOL AND UTILIZATION THEREOF
2. sackground of the Invention (a) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polyol, polyurethane resin, rigid polyurethane foam, preparation process thereof and a composite of said rigid polyurethane foam.
; A More particularly, the polyol used in the present invention comprising a ~ 1 resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol is a raw material for preparing polyurethane resin having resistance to dissolving in hydrochlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as HCFC) and hydrofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as HFC) which are foaming agents causing very low public hazards. The polyol can provide rigid polyurethane foam and its composite by using the above foaming agents .
The rigid polyurethane foam among above products obtained specially has excellent properties equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by the use of chlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as CFC) as foaming ; agents. Hence, the rigid polyurethane foam of the present invention is extremely useful for the insulating materials or the insulating v ~:028795 ~tructural materials of electric refrigerators, freezing ware houses, insulation panels, ships and vehicles.
(b) Description of the Prior Art Rigid polyurethane foam has excellent heat insulation property and low temperarture dimensional stability and thus various composites prepared therefrom are widely used for refrigerators, freezing ware houses, bullding wall faces, ceilings, heat insulation and structural materials for ships and vehicles, and the heat insulating and protective covers of instruments.
Further, composites containing the rigid polyurethane foam fGrmed on a sheet of face material or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face material have already been broadly manufactured by a batch process or a continuous process.
In the present manufacturing process of polyurethane foams, partricularly CFC such as CFC-ll and CFC-12 are generally used as foaming agents. These compounds have recently recognized as materials for causing environmental destruction such as disruption of ozone layer or enhancement of green house effect. Accordingly, restriction has recently been imposed upon the manufacture and use of these compounds.
At the same time, HCFC such as 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), l,l-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) l-chloro-l,l-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), l-chloro-l,l-difluoromethane (HCFC-22) and additionally HFC such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and l,l-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) which cause much less environment destruction have been focused attention as substitutes for CFC-ll and CFC-12. However, it was found that HCFC and HFC have igher dissolving power to polyurethane resin as compared with CFC, and hence have disadvantages of severely deteriorating the properties of resulting polyurethane foams, for example, reduction of closed cell content and foam strength. Particularly it has been found by the present inventors that in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams, HCFC and ~FC dissolve cell wall of closed cells in the course of foaming and drastically lowers heat insulation effect which is a characteristic property of rigid polyurethane foams.
Consequently, a novel polyurethane resin has been desired strongly to disolve above problems. The conventional polyoxyalkylene polyol used for the raw material of polyurethane resin decreases viscosity according to increase in the amount of alkylene oxide added.
As a result, operations in polyurethane foam production can be conducted with ease. It has been found that excess addition of alkylene oxide leads to dissolution of polyurethane resin into HCFC
and HFC, and tends to made application of these foaming agents substantially impossible. On the other hand, when the amount of alkylene oxide added is reduced, it has been certified that a resistance to dissoling in HCFC and HFC is improved slightly, but the polyol becomes solid or extremely viscous and solubility between each raw material decreases and it is very difficult to handle, successively satisfactory product cannot be obtained.
Specially, in the production of rigid polyurethane foam, viscosity of polyol and solubility between polyol, foaming agent and organic polyisocyanate are necessary, and polyol which has a viscosity suitable for foaming operation and is excellent in the mixing and dispersing ability in HCFC and HFC has never been found.
Inventions of Japanese TOKKAI-SHO 57-151613(1982) and TOKKAI-SHO 57-151614(1982) disclose a method of blending low molecular weight polyol in order to decrease the viscosity of mixture of amine base polyol and aromatic base polyester polyol (alkylene oxide was not added).
TOKKAI-Sho 51-105394 (1976) disclose mixed polyol having hydroxyl value of 200~ 500 mgKOH/g comprising novolak base polyol, aromatic amine base polyol and aliphatic polyol. TOKKAI-Sho 63-264616 and ToKKAI-Hei 1-135824 disclose mixed polyol comprising novolak resin base polyol having hydroxyl value of 50~ 350 mgKOH/g, polyetherpolyol and/or polyesterpolyol. But there inventions have not indicated the polyols of the present invention and the rigid polyurethane foam produced from their polyol and HCFC or HFC.
; A More particularly, the polyol used in the present invention comprising a ~ 1 resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol is a raw material for preparing polyurethane resin having resistance to dissolving in hydrochlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as HCFC) and hydrofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as HFC) which are foaming agents causing very low public hazards. The polyol can provide rigid polyurethane foam and its composite by using the above foaming agents .
The rigid polyurethane foam among above products obtained specially has excellent properties equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by the use of chlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as CFC) as foaming ; agents. Hence, the rigid polyurethane foam of the present invention is extremely useful for the insulating materials or the insulating v ~:028795 ~tructural materials of electric refrigerators, freezing ware houses, insulation panels, ships and vehicles.
(b) Description of the Prior Art Rigid polyurethane foam has excellent heat insulation property and low temperarture dimensional stability and thus various composites prepared therefrom are widely used for refrigerators, freezing ware houses, bullding wall faces, ceilings, heat insulation and structural materials for ships and vehicles, and the heat insulating and protective covers of instruments.
Further, composites containing the rigid polyurethane foam fGrmed on a sheet of face material or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face material have already been broadly manufactured by a batch process or a continuous process.
In the present manufacturing process of polyurethane foams, partricularly CFC such as CFC-ll and CFC-12 are generally used as foaming agents. These compounds have recently recognized as materials for causing environmental destruction such as disruption of ozone layer or enhancement of green house effect. Accordingly, restriction has recently been imposed upon the manufacture and use of these compounds.
At the same time, HCFC such as 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), l,l-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) l-chloro-l,l-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), l-chloro-l,l-difluoromethane (HCFC-22) and additionally HFC such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and l,l-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) which cause much less environment destruction have been focused attention as substitutes for CFC-ll and CFC-12. However, it was found that HCFC and HFC have igher dissolving power to polyurethane resin as compared with CFC, and hence have disadvantages of severely deteriorating the properties of resulting polyurethane foams, for example, reduction of closed cell content and foam strength. Particularly it has been found by the present inventors that in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams, HCFC and ~FC dissolve cell wall of closed cells in the course of foaming and drastically lowers heat insulation effect which is a characteristic property of rigid polyurethane foams.
Consequently, a novel polyurethane resin has been desired strongly to disolve above problems. The conventional polyoxyalkylene polyol used for the raw material of polyurethane resin decreases viscosity according to increase in the amount of alkylene oxide added.
As a result, operations in polyurethane foam production can be conducted with ease. It has been found that excess addition of alkylene oxide leads to dissolution of polyurethane resin into HCFC
and HFC, and tends to made application of these foaming agents substantially impossible. On the other hand, when the amount of alkylene oxide added is reduced, it has been certified that a resistance to dissoling in HCFC and HFC is improved slightly, but the polyol becomes solid or extremely viscous and solubility between each raw material decreases and it is very difficult to handle, successively satisfactory product cannot be obtained.
Specially, in the production of rigid polyurethane foam, viscosity of polyol and solubility between polyol, foaming agent and organic polyisocyanate are necessary, and polyol which has a viscosity suitable for foaming operation and is excellent in the mixing and dispersing ability in HCFC and HFC has never been found.
Inventions of Japanese TOKKAI-SHO 57-151613(1982) and TOKKAI-SHO 57-151614(1982) disclose a method of blending low molecular weight polyol in order to decrease the viscosity of mixture of amine base polyol and aromatic base polyester polyol (alkylene oxide was not added).
TOKKAI-Sho 51-105394 (1976) disclose mixed polyol having hydroxyl value of 200~ 500 mgKOH/g comprising novolak base polyol, aromatic amine base polyol and aliphatic polyol. TOKKAI-Sho 63-264616 and ToKKAI-Hei 1-135824 disclose mixed polyol comprising novolak resin base polyol having hydroxyl value of 50~ 350 mgKOH/g, polyetherpolyol and/or polyesterpolyol. But there inventions have not indicated the polyols of the present invention and the rigid polyurethane foam produced from their polyol and HCFC or HFC.
3. Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a polyol, polyurethane resin, rigid polyurethane foam, preparation process thereof and a preparation process of a rigid polyurethane foam composite.
The polyol used in the present invention comprises a phenol resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or a polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol.
The above polyurethane resin, foam and composite have resistance to dissolution in a hydrochlorofluorocarbons and a hydrofluorocarbons which are foaming agen-ts having very low public hagard.
The above-mentioned foams have excellent physical properties :
equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by using chlorofluorocarbons, and hence are very useful as a thermal insulation material or a thermal insulation structure for refrigerators, freezers, insulation panels, ships or vehicles.
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a polyol which gives, particularly in the production of a rigid polyurethane foam, equivalent operation efficiency ln polyurethane foaming operation and equivalent resultant foam properties to those of using conventional CFC, even though HCFC and/or HFC
having very low environmental hazards are used.
As a result of an intensive investigation in order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
That is, aspects of the present invention are illustrated by the following items (1) to (6).
(1) Polyol (D) comprising a phenol resin base polyol IA) and an aminophenol base polyol (B) in a ratio (A)/(B) of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight, the polyol (D) having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
(2) Polyol ~E) comprisin~ the phenol resin base polyol (A) and a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) in a (A)/(C) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight, the polyol (E) having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
(3) A polyurethane resin obtained by the reaction of a polyol with an organic polyisocyanate wherein a portion or the whole of the polyol is the polyol (D) described in (1) or the polyol(E) described in (2).
~ S
;
The polyol used in the present invention comprises a phenol resin base polyol mixed with an aminophenol base polyol or a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol or a polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol.
The above polyurethane resin, foam and composite have resistance to dissolution in a hydrochlorofluorocarbons and a hydrofluorocarbons which are foaming agen-ts having very low public hagard.
The above-mentioned foams have excellent physical properties :
equivalent to those of conventional polyurethane foams obtained by using chlorofluorocarbons, and hence are very useful as a thermal insulation material or a thermal insulation structure for refrigerators, freezers, insulation panels, ships or vehicles.
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a polyol which gives, particularly in the production of a rigid polyurethane foam, equivalent operation efficiency ln polyurethane foaming operation and equivalent resultant foam properties to those of using conventional CFC, even though HCFC and/or HFC
having very low environmental hazards are used.
As a result of an intensive investigation in order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
That is, aspects of the present invention are illustrated by the following items (1) to (6).
(1) Polyol (D) comprising a phenol resin base polyol IA) and an aminophenol base polyol (B) in a ratio (A)/(B) of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight, the polyol (D) having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
(2) Polyol ~E) comprisin~ the phenol resin base polyol (A) and a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) in a (A)/(C) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight, the polyol (E) having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
(3) A polyurethane resin obtained by the reaction of a polyol with an organic polyisocyanate wherein a portion or the whole of the polyol is the polyol (D) described in (1) or the polyol(E) described in (2).
~ S
;
(4) A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by the reaction of an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, a cell regulator and, where necessary, other additives, the polyol comprising the polyol (D) described in (1), the polyol (E) described in (2), or a polyol (G) comprising a ~ pO/I~ rn ~th,yie~epoJy pheny/--phenol resin base polyol (A) and a pol~h~lpolyméthylencr polyamine base polyol (F), the foaming agent comprising a compound or a mixture thereof selected from the group consisting of a HCFC
and HFC, the foaming agent additionally comprising an auxiliary foaming agent, if desired.
and HFC, the foaming agent additionally comprising an auxiliary foaming agent, if desired.
(5) A preparation process of the rigid polyurethane foam described in (4).
(6) A preparation process of a rigid polyurethane foam composite by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, a cell regulator and, where necessary, other additives to form a rigid polyurethane foam on a face material or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face materials, the polyol comprising the polyol (D) described in ~1), the polyol (E) described in (2), or a polyol 1~) ~O/l~ y/e~q e~o/~--comprising pheno,l resin base polyol (A) and a~ ypheny'lpol~'`
~he~1Y~Po l~/~n" I n ~
~n~ -4~e~s~ base polyol (F), the foamlng agent compriæing a compound or a mixture thereof selected from the group consistlng of a HCFC and a HFC, the foaming agent additionally comprising an auxiliary foaming agent, if desired.
4. Detailed Description of the Invention The polyol for use in the present invention is the above polyol (D), polyol (E) and polyol (G~.
olvol ~D) The polyol (D) used in the present inventlon comprises a phenol resin base polyol (A) and an aminophenol base polyol (B).
Phenol Resin ~ase Polvol (A) The polyol (A) comprises (i) a polyol (a) and a polyol (b) or (ii) polyol (a) and polyol (c~. The polyol (a) has a hydroxyl value of from 140 to 350 mgKOH/g and ls prepared by the addition of from 1.0 to 4.5 mole~ of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of a hydroxyl group of a phenol resin or a mixture of phenol resins havlng a number average molecular welght (herelnafter abbreviated as ~Mn)) of from 650 to 1400, an average functionallty of from 3 to 8 and the formula (I?l OH OH OH
[~ X ~Y-~ ( I
( R ~)~ ( R l)n ( R ,)~
~wherein ~1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and fluorine, or a hydroxyl group, m is an integer of from 1 to 3, n is an integer of from 1 to 6, and X and Y are the same or dlfferent and are a divalent group selected from the group consisting of an alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, xylylene, -O-, -S- and -S02- (sulfonyl) or a combination of the above-mentioned group81. The polyol (b) has a hydroxyl value of 240 to 800 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from O.S to 3.0 moles r-,~.9 of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of an active hydrogen in an alkanolamine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula (II):
NR~ R2 R3 (II) [wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, hydroxyethyl or hydroxyisopropyl, provided that both R2 and R3 not a hydrogen atom at the same time]. The polyol (c) has a hydroxyl value of 130 to 750 mgKOH/g and is obtalned by the addition of from 0.5 to 6.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of a hydroxyl group in an active hydrogen containing compound which is an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound having functionality of from 2 to 8 or a mixture of two or more of such aliphatic poiyhydroxy compounds.
Suitable phenol resins for use in the invention include, for example, reaction products of phenols such as phenol, cresol, butylphenol, nonylphenol, chlorophenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, catechol guaiacol, blsphenol A or bisphenol S with aldehydes such as formaldehyde or acetaldehyde~a,a'-dimethoxyxylene a,a'-dichloroxylene or sulfur. The reaction is carried out by known methods.
A preferred phenol resin ls a novolak resln which has the formula (I) whereln Rl is a hydrogen atom and both X and Y are methylene, and has an Mn of 650 to 900, an average functlonallty of 3 to 8, and a softenlng point of 75 to 120 C.
The alkylene oxide used for the present lnvention includes, for example ethylene oxlde, propylene oxlde and butylene ~r~~ 8 oxide. The alkylene oxide may be used singly or in combination.
It was found that when mole numbers of alkylene oxide addltion are increased, solubility resistance to HCFC or HFC is generally decreased.
When the value Mn o~ the phenol resin is less than 650, any of the polyurethane resin derived from the reaction with organic polyisocyanate has a tendency to dissolve in HCFC and HFC.
On the other hand, the value Mn of the phenol resin exceeding 1400 leads to high viscosity in any mixing ratio, poor dispersibility in HCFC and HFC, inferior operation efficiency in reaction, with organic polyisocyanate.
The suitable polyol (a) for use in the lnvention is obtained by the addition of 1.0 to 4.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equi~alent of the hydroxyl group in the phenol resin. When the addition of the alkylene oxide is less than l.O mole, that is, when a substantial amount of phenolic hydroxyl groups remains, physical properties of the resulting polyurethane foam are unfavorable. On the other hand, the addition of the alkylene oxide exceeding ~.5 mole eliminates resistance to HCFC or HFC of resultlng polyurethane resin, although viscosity ls reduced and dispersibllity ln HCFC and HFC becomes better.
When the phenol resin has an average functionality of less than 3, the resulting polyurethane resin made from ~a) and (b) or ta) and (c) decreases resistance to HCFC and HFC. On the other hand, an average functionality exceeding 8 leads to a disadvantage of rendering the polyurethane resin brittle.
The alkanolamine for use in the invention includes, for ~' '1 L~' example, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine and triisopropanolamine.
The suitable polyol (b) used in the invention is obtained by the addition of 0.5 to 3.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of the active hydrogens in the alkanolamine.
When the amount of the alkylene oxide is less than 0.5 mole per equivalent of active hydrogen of alkanolamine, crosslln~ing activity of alkanolamine remains and hence deteriorates physical properties of resulting polyurethane foam.
The amount of alkylene oxide exceeding 3.0 moles also decreases foam properties and the resulting polyurethane foam cannot be practically used.
The polyols (a) and (b~ used in the invention are preferably used in a mixing ratio (a)/(b) of 0.25 to 4.0 by weight. A mixing ratio exceeding 4.0 causes high viscosity and poor dispersibility and dissolving in HCFC and HFC and also leads to unfavorable operation problems on the preparation of polyurethane resin. On the other hand, a mixing ratio less than ; 0.25 is unsuitable because of inferior properties of resulting polyurethane foams and a deterioration of resistance to dissolving in HCFC or HFC.
Suitable aliphatic polyhydroxy compounds used for preparing the polyol (c) of the present invention may be a single compound or a mixture of two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of glycols, polyhydric alcohols and polysaccharides having 2 to 8 functionality. Exemplary aliphatic polyhydroxy compounds includes glycols such as ethylene glycol, : ~, ~, 10 1~
diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol and cyclohexane tetramethanol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol; and polysaccharides such as methylglucoside, sorbitol, mannitol, dulcitol and sucrose.
The mole number of alkylene oxide addition is from 0.5 to 6.5 moles per equivalent of the hydroxyl group in the aliphatic ~ S
~ polyhydroxy compound. An alkylene oxide addition of less than mole makes resultant polyurethane foam brittle. On the other hand, an addition exceeding 6.5 moles lowers resistance to HCFC
and HFC of the polyurethane resin obtained.
The polyols (a) and (c) which are derived from the phenol resin and the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, respectively, are preferably mixed in the ratio ~a)/(c) of 0.1 to 4.0 by weight.
The mixing ratio less than 0.1 reduces resistance to HCFC or HFC
of polyurethane resin prepared by reacting in the presence of a catalyst. On the other hand, the mixing ratio exceeding 4.0 leads to a disadvantage of poor operation efficiency due to too high viscosity in the preparation of polyurethane resin.
Aminophenol Base Polvol (B) The polyol (B) comprises a polyol Id) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and the above-mentioned polyol (b) or the polyol (d) and the polyol (cI described in the phenol resin base polyol (A). The polyol (d) is obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of an active hydrogen in an aminophenol compound or a mixture thereof rZ~
havlng a number average molecular welght (Mn~ of from 100 to 200, an average functionality of from 3 to 6, and the formula (III)-l~ O
~( N H 2)~1 ( D~ ) ( O ~1) P
[~herein Ro is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group havlng from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an allcyclic hydrocarbon, q lsan integer of from 1 to 2, and p is an integer of from 1 to 2].
Exemplary sultable aminophenol compounds include amlnophenol, aminocresol, aminoethylphenol, amlnobutylphenol, aminoresorcinol, aminopyrocatechol, aminohydroquinone, amino-homocatechol, aminocresorcinol, aminoorclnol, diaminophenol, and diamlnocre~ol.
The amlnophenol base polyol (B) comprlses the polyol (d) and the polyol (b) or the polyol (d) and the polyol (c) ln a (d)/(b) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by welght or a (d)/(c) ratlo of from 0.1 to 4.0 by welght. The reason for the ~election of these mlxlng ratios ls the same a6 (a)/(b) and (a)/(c) ln the case of phenol resln ba~e polyol(A).
The polyol (D) comprlses the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the aminophenol base polyol (8) in a ~A)~B) ratlo of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight and has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
~ ven though polyol (A~ iæ used slngly, the rigid polyur-ethane foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents exhlbits relatively good physlcal propertles. When polyol ~A) 1~
used in combinatlon with polyol ~B~, foam propertles such as heat conductivity, compresslve strength, and low temperature dimensional stability can be further improved. The (A)/(B) ratio devlated from the range of from 0.25 to 4.0 leads to inerior propertie~ of the foam.
Polvol (E) The polyol (E) used of the present lnvention comprises the afore-mentioned phenol resin base polyol (A) and a polyphenyl-polyxylylenepolyamlne base polyol (C).
PolvPhenvlpolvxvlYlenePolvamine Base Polvol (C) The polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) used in the present invention compri~es a polyol (e) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and the polyol (b) or the polyol (b) and the polyol (c) descrlbed above. The polyol (e) is obtalned by addlng from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxlde to one equivalent of an actlve hydrogen in a polyphenylpolyxyly-lenepolyamine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula(IV) t .. . .
H, N--~--Z ~}Z ~ ~ ~N 11 .
R 5 (N) ~.~
[wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an allphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon, Z is xylylene group, and s is an integer of from O to 10].
The above polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine compound for use in the invention includes, for example, a,a'-bis~4-aminophenyl) ~ , polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine, mixture thereof~ derivatlves, isomer and oligomer of these compounds.
When the amount of the alkylene oxide is less than 1.0 mole per equlvalent of the amino group, that is, many amino groups remain, it is difficult to control the foaming reaction and the physical properties of the resulting polyurethane foam unfavorably deteriorates. On the other hand, alkylene oxide addition exceeding 9.0 moles leads to inferior physical properties, although viscosity is reduced and di~persing ability into HCFC and HFC becomes better.
The alkanolamine which can be used for preparing the polyol (a) has been described above.
The polyol (b) used in the invention is obtained by the addition of 0.5 to 3.0 moles of alkylene oxide to one equivalent of the active hydrogens in the alkanolamine.
When the amount of alkylene oxide ls less than 0.5 mole per equivalent of the actlve hydrogens of the alkanolamine, crosslinking activlty of the alkanolamine remains and hence deteriorates physical properties of resulting polyurethane foam.
The amount of the alkylene oxide exceeding 3.0 moles also decreases foam properties even in a polyol mixing ratio (e)/(b) of above 4.0 and the resulting polyurethane foam cannot be practically used.
The polyol (e) and (b) for use in the invention are preferably used in a mixing ratio (e)/(b) of 0.25 to 4.0 by weight. The mixing ratio exceedlng 4.0 causes high viscosity and poor dispersibility in HCFC and HFC and also leads to unfavorable operation problems on the preparation of polyurethane resin. On the other hand, the mixing ratio less than 0.25 is unsuitable because of inferior properties of resulting polyurethane foams.
The aliphatic polyhydroxy compound which can be used for producing the polyol (c) has been described above.
A preferred amount of an alkylene oxide added ~o the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound is from 0.5 to 6.5 moles per equivalent of hydroxyl group in the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound. Addition leæs than 0.5 mole makes resulting polyurethane foam brittle. On the other hand, the amount exceeding 6.5 moles decreases resistance of resulting polyurethane resin to dissolution in HCEC and HFC. The polyphenylpolyxylylene-; polyamine-derived polyol (e) and the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound-derived polyol (c) are preferably mixed in a (e)/(c) ratio of from 0.1 to 4.0 by weight. The ratio less than 0.1 lowers resistance to dissolving in HCFC and HFC of polyurethane resin prepared in the presence of a catalyst. On the other hand, the ratio exceeding 4.0 causes too high viscosity of resulting mixture and hence has a disadvantage of poor operation efficiency in the production of polyurethane resin.
The polyol (E) is obtained by mixing the polyol (A~ and the polyol (C) in a (A)~C) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight D
and has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
The polyol ~A) can be used singly, and in this case, the foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents exhibits relatively good physical properties. When the polyol (A) is used in coD~bination with the polyol (C), much better results can be obtained on the foam properties such as heat conductivity, compressive strength and dimensional stability. However, when the ratio (A)/(C) deviates from the range of from 0.25 to 4.0, properties of the polyurethane foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents are inferior. Consequently, a preferred (A)/(C) ratio is in the range of from 0.25 to 4Ø
Polvol (G) The polyol (G) used for preparing rigid polyurethane foam and composite thereof in the present invention comprises its component, afore-mentioned phenol resin base polyol (A) and other component, polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F).
Polvol (F) The Polyol (F) comprises a polyol (f) having a hydroxyl : value of 150~700 mgKOH/g, an alkylene oxide added of 1.0~9.0 mole per one equivalent of an amino group in a polymethylenepoly-phenylpolyamine and the afore-mentioned polyol ~b) or the polyol (f) and the afore-mentioned polyol (c).
It ls preferable that the mixing ratio ln weight of the polyol (f) and the polyol (b), i.e. (f)/(b) is 0.25~4.0, and that of the polyol (f) and the polyol (c), i.e. (f)/(c) is 0.1~4Ø
The polyol (G) is a mixture of the polyol (A) and the polyol (F~ ln which the mixing ratio in weight, i.e. (A)/(F) is i,~
0.25~4.0 and a hydroxyl value of the mlxture is 180~700 mgKOH/g.
The relationship among the mixing ratios of (f)/(b), (f)/(c) and (A)/(F), the hydroxyl value of the mixed polyols, physical properties oi resulting polyurethane, operation efficiency and effect of combination use of polyol (A) and polyol (F) is the same as that of the polyol (D) and the polyol (E).
The suitable polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine~ for use in the present invention include, for example, polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine which is used commonly as a raw material of polymethylenepolyphenylpolyisocyanate, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane which is separated from the polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine, its isomer or mixture of these isomers.
A catalyst which can be used in the present invention for the addition reaction of the alkylene oxide to a single compound or mixture of the phenol resin, the alkanolamine compound, the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, the aminophenol compound, the polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine and the polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine as starting materials is an amine catalyst and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide catalyst.
The amlne catalyst is represented by the formula (V) or the formula (VI) NR4R4R5 (V) R4R5N(CH2)~ NR4R5 (VI) [wherein R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group selected from a group consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, A
hydroxyethyl and hydroxyisopropyl, R5 is a hydrogen atom or a group selected from a yroup consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyethyl and hydroxyisopropyl, t is an integer of from 1~6, but R4 and R5 cannot be hydrogen atoms at the same time in the formula (V)].
Exemplary amine compounds include dibutylamlne, ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, trlethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, dl-n-propylamine, n-propylamine, n-amylamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, isobutylamine, isoamylamine and methyldiethylamine.
An alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide can also be used as the catalyst for the above addition reaction.
Representative examples of ~he alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and barium hydroxide.
The above amines and the alkali metal hydroxide catalysts can be used singly or in combination.
The amount of the above catalysts used for the invention is from 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the sum of above staxtlng materials having actlve group such as amino group or active hydrogen. When the alkall metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide catalyst is used, the reacted solutlon is neutrallzed by an acld solution such as a phosphoric acid a~ueous solution.
The polyols of the present invention can be prepared by 17a l~
charging in an autoclave, the catalyst and one or more starting materials selected from the phenol resin, the alkanolamine, the al:iphatic polyhydroxy compound, the aminophenol compound, the polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine compound, and the polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine and then gradually feeding an alkylene oxide to conduct addition reaction. Preferred reaction temperature is 90 to 130 C. The temperature of lower than 90 C is difficult to progress the reaction. On the other hand, the temperature exceeding 130 C is liable to cause side reactions. When the above starting material is used singly, each polyol thus obtained can be subsequently blended in a prescribed amount.
The polyols in the present invention can be prepared by using a 17b i~
starting material singly or a mixture of it. In the case where the polyol prepared from the single material leads to high viscosity and poor operation efficiency, it is preferred to prepare the polyol by using a mixture of the starting material corresponding to each component of the desired polyol.
In the examples of the invention, each polyol (a), ~b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) is separately synthesi~ed by using the starting material singly and followed by mixing these polyols to prepare component polyols (A), (B), (C), and (F). Thereafter polyols (D), (E) and (G) of present invention are prepared by mixing the component polyols.
No particular restriction is imposed upon the organic polyisocyanate for use in the process of the invention.
Conventionally known organic polyisocyanates, for example, aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic polyisocyanates and their modified products can be used. Exemplary polyisocyanate which is suitable for use includes phenylendiisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, crude tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tolylene triisocyanate, polymethylenepo lyphenylpolyisocyanate, modified polyisocyanates such as carbodiimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and isocyanate terminated prepolymers which can be obtained by reacting the above polyisocyanate with the low molecular polyol or polymer polyol in a NCO/active hydrogen equivalent ratio of from 2 to 20 and have an socyanate content of from 5 to 35~ by weight.
These polyisocyanates can be used singly or in combination.
The equivalent ratio of the polyisocyanate to the hydroxyl group in the resin premix is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø The equivalent ratio exceeding 5.0 leads to unreacted polyisocyanate remained. On the other hand, the equivalent ratio less than 0.8 results in unreacted polyol remained. Hence the above range is preferable.
The foaming agent for use in the invention is HCFC and HFC.
Exemplary HCFC include 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), l,l-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) l-chloro-l, 1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b)and monochlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).
Representative HFC includes 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane ~HFC-134a) and l,l-difluoroethane (HFC-152a). These foaming agents can be used singly or in combination.
When necessary, water and/or low boiling point compound and other auxiliary foaming agent can be used in combination.
Water is usually used in an amount of from 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin premix. Exemplary low boiling point compound includes methylene chloride and other low boiling point hydrocarbons (boiling point is from 10 to 50 ~C ) and their mixture. Conventional CFC can also be used in combination.
The foaming catalyst which can be used for the rigid polyurethane foam, preparation of the invention includes, for example, amine calayst such as triethylamine, tripropylamine, triisopropanolamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, hexadecyl-dimethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-octadecylmorpholine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylpropylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylbutanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetra-methylhexamethylenediamine, bis ~2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl) ether, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N,N,N',N", N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, formic acid and other acid salts of triethylenediamine, oxyalkylene adduc-ts of primary and secondary amines, aza ring compounds such as N,N-dialkylpiperazine, and various N,N',N"-trialkylaminoal kylhexahydrotriazines such as ~ -aminocarbonyl catalyst disclosed in Japanese TOKKO SHO 52-043517 (1977) and ~ -aminonitrile catalyst disclosed in Japanese TOKKO SHO 53-014279 (1978); and organometallic catalysts such as tin acetate, stannous octoate, stannous oleate, stannous laurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dichloride, lead octoate, lead naphthenate, nickel naphthenate and cobalt naphthenate.
These catalyst can be used singly or in combination. The amount of the catalyst for use is in the range of from 0.0001 to 10.0 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polyol.
The cell regulator for use in the present invention is a conventionally known organic silicone surfactant. Exemplary foam regulators include products of Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd. which are L-520, L-540, L-5340, L-5410, L-5420, L-5710 and -5720, products of Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. which are SH-190, SH-19~, S~-193, SH-194, and SH-195, products of Shinetsu Silicone Co. r Ltd. which are F-305, r-306, F-317, F-341 and F-345, and a product of Toshiba Silicone Co.,~
Ltd. which is TFA-4200.
The amount of the cell regulator used is in the range of from 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the sum of the polyol and the organic polyisocyanate.
Flame retardants which can be used are tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris(dibromopropyl) phosphate, products of Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd. which are CR-50S
and CR-5Q7, and a product of Akzo Japan Co., Ltd. which is Fyrol-6.
Other additives usually employed in polyurethane, for example, plasticizer, fillers, stabilizers, such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers and colorants can also be added, if necessary.
In the case of preparing the polyurethane resin, the polyol, catalyst, stabilizer, organic polyisocyanate and other additives are mixed rapidly according to the formulation and poured into a mold, then are cured in room temperature. In the case of preparing the rigid polyurethane foam, the polyol, catalyst, cell regulator, flame retardant afore-mentioned foaming agent and other additives are mixed in a prescribed amount to foam a premix. Said polyol is that containing afore-mentioned polyol (D) or polyol (E) or polyol (G).
~ sing a polyurethane dispensing machine, the resin premix is rapidly and continuously mixed with the organic polyisocyanate at a constant ratio so as to obtain a NCO/active hyfrogen equivalent ratio of from 0.8 to 5.Q.
The mixture obtained is successively poured into a cavity or a mold. After pouring, liquid raw material of the rigid polyurethane foam is formed and cured in a serveral minutes.
The rigid polyure-thane foam obtained in the present invention is used for the heat-insulation material or structural material of refrigerators, heat-insulating panels, ships and vehicles.
Example The present invention will hereinafter be illustrated further in detail by way of examples and comparative examples.
~Polyol Preparation~
Reference Example 1 To a 21 autoclave, 500g of novolak resin #2000, a product of Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. illustrated in Table 1, was charged.
The internal atmosphere of the autoclave was replaced with nitrogen.
The autoclave was then heated to 120C , 2.3 g of triethylamine was added, and successively 2749 of propylene oxide was gradually charged. After reacting for 3 hours unreacted propylene oxide was removed from the reaction system. Polyol (a-l) thus obtained was 7209 and had a hydroxyl value of 339 mgKOH/g.
Reference Example 2 ~ 9 Polyols (a-2 ~ a-9) indicated in Table 2 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table .
Hydroxyl values of polyols prepared were indicated in Table 2.
Reference Example 10~ 18 Polyols (b-l ~ b-7, c-l and c-2) indicated in Table 3 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described in ReiEerence Example 1, except that, in place of phenol resin in Reference Example 1, triethanolamine, glycerol, trimethylolpropane or sucrose was employed in Reference Examples 10~18r and that the raw material formulation was changed as indicated in Table 3.
The hydroxyl values of these polyols are shown in Table :~ .
Preparation of phenol resin base polyol (A) Reference Examples 19~27 Polyol (A-l~A-9) were prepared by using the polyol (a), ~b) and (c) prepared in Reference Examples 1~9 in Table 2 and Reference Examples 10~18 in Table 3.
Phenol resin base polyol (A-l~A-9~ were prepared by the formulation lndicated in Table 4. The hydroxyl values and the viscosity values of these polyols were indicated in Table 4.
Reference Example 28~32 Polyols (d-l~d-5) indicated in Table 5 were prepared by the same procedure as described in Reference Example 1, except that phenol resin in Reference Example 1 was replaced with p-aminophenol and the raw material formulation was changed asindicated in Table 5.
The hydroxyl values of these polyols are shown ln Table 5.
Reference Examples 33~37 Polyols (b-8~b-10, c-3 and c-4) indicated in Table 6 were prepared by the same procedure as described in Reference 1'~
Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with triethanolamine or glycerol and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 6. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 6.
Preparation of aminophenol base polyol (B) Reference Examples 38 ~ 42 Aminophenol base polyols (B-l~ B-5) were prepared by using the polyol (d), (b) and tc) prepared in Reference Examples 28 ~ 32 in Table 5 and Reference Examples 33 ~ 37 in Table 6. Aminophenol base polyoles (s-l~ B-5) were prepared by the formulation indicated in Table 7. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 7.
Reference Example 43~ 48 Polyols (e-l ~ e-6) indicated in Table 8 were prepared by carrying out the procedure as described in Reference Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 8.
Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 8.
Reference Example 49~ 54 Polyols (b-ll~ b-13 and c-5~ c-7) indicated in Table 9 were prepared by carrying out the procedure as described in Reference Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resion in Reference Example 1 with triethanolamine or glycerol, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 9.
Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 9.
,' 26520-~9 Pr,eparation of polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) Reference Example 55 - 50 Polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyols (C-1 -C-6) were prepared by using the polyol (e), (b) and ~c) prepared in Reference Examples 43 ~8 in Table 8 and Reference Examples 49 -54 in Table 9, according to the formulation indlcated in Table 10.
Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of these polyols were indicated in Table 10.
Examples 1 - 11 Polyol (D) and ~E) indicated in Examples 1 - 11 were prepared according to the formulation indicated in Table 11 by using phenol resin base polyols ~A-1 - A-9) indicated in Table 4, aminophenol base polyols (B-1 - B-5) indicated in Table 7 and polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyols (C-1 - C-6) indicated in Table 10.
Hydroxyl values and viæcosity values of these polyols obtained were indicated in Table 11.
Preparation of polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) Reference Example 61 - 66 Polyols (f-1 - f-6) indicated in Table 12 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as descrlbed in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 12.
Reference Example 67 - 72 Polyols (b-14, b-15 and c-8 - c-11) indicated in Table 13 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described ~G
, in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1, with triethanolamine, glycerol or pentaerythritol, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 13. Hydroxyl values of these polyol were indicated in Table 13.
Reference Example 73 - 7~
Polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyols (F) were prepared by using the polyols ~f), (b) and (c) prepared in Reference Examples 61 - 66 indicated in Table 12 and Reference Examples 67 - 72 in Table 13, according to the formulation indicated in Table 14. Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of polyols thus obtained were indicated in Table 14.
Reference Examples 79 - 84 Polyols (G-1 - G-6) indicated in Table 15 were prepared according to the formulation indicated in Table 15 by using phenol resin base polyol (A-l - A-3, A-5, A-6 and A-9) indicated in Table 4 and polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyols (F-1 - F-6).
Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of these polyols obtained were indicated in Table 15.
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lPolyuret}lane resin Preparation](Examples 12~ 22) Polyurethane resin was prepared by reacting 30.0 9 of a polyol obtained in examples or comparative examples, an organic polyisocyanate MDI-CR (a product of Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) having NCO content of 31.0 ~, and 0.10 g of amine catalyst Kaoli~er No. 1 (Trademark, a product of Kao Co. Ltd.) at room temperature according to the formulation illustrated in Table 16.
CFC or HCFC absorption was measured on the polyurethane resin thus obtained. Results are illustrated in Table 16.
~Rigid polyurethane foam preparation ~ (Examples 23~ 39) To 100 g of the yolyol thus obtained in the examples and comparative examples, 1.5 9 of water, 1.5 g of silicone surfactant L-5420 (a product of Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), amine catalyst Kaolizer No. 1 (a product of Kao Co., Ltd.) and each amount of CFC or HCFC
illustrated in Table 17 and 18 were added and mixed to obtain a premix. The premix thus obtained was mixed and reacted with each amount of polyisocyanate (MDI-CR, crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate, a product of MitsUi Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) illustrated in the same table at the room temperature and poured into a mold to prepare a rigid polyurethane foam.
In the step of preparing the resin premix, mixing and dispersing ability (operation efficiency) between CFC or HCFC and polyol was observed and closed cell content of rigid polyurethane foam were measured. Results are illustrated in the same table.
As seen in Table 17 and 18, polyol(D), polyol(E) and polyol (G) which are respectively a mixture of phenol resin base polyol (A) and .
. . . : . ..
aminophenol base polyol (B) or polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) or polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) can maintain, in the polyurethane foam production using HCFC or HFC as a foaming agent, equivalent or better operation efficiency and foam propertied as compared with conventional foam production using CFC.
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' ~Rigid polyurethane foam production~ (continued) (Table 19 ~ 22) Resin premix, was prepared according to the formulation illustrated in Tables 19 ~ 22. The premix was rapidly mixed at 5000 rpm for 6 seconds with a prescribed amount of an organic polyisocyanate as illustrated in above Tables. The mixture obtained was immediately poured into vertical, wooden boxes having dimensions of 200x 200X 200 mm and 380X 380x 35(thickness)mm.
The mixture was free foamed and thereafter allowed to stand for a day at room temperature.
Specimens having dimensions of 80 X 80X 30mm in size were cut from the former mold and density, compressive strength, and low temperature dimentional stability were measured in accordance with JIS
A 9514.
A specimens having dimensionds of 200X 200 X 25mm in size were cut from the latter mold and heat conductivity were measured in accordance with JIS A 1412.
Results are illustrated in Tables 19 ~ 22.
(1) Preparation of rigid polyurethane foam composite having facing material According to the above examples, preparation of a rigid polyurethane foam composite having facing material of the invention was carried out.
Polyols obtained in examples and comparative examples illustrated in Table 11 and Table 23 were used as the raw material of rigid polyurethane foams.
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20Z8~95 The facing material Eor use in the invention includes corrugated paper boards, laminated papers and other paper products, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and other synthetic resin plates; and aluminum, steel and other metal plates.
1) Polyurethane foam composite having one facing material(Table 24, 25) The same formulations as illustrated in Table 24 were sprayed on a facing material under the following conditions to prepare a rigid polyurethane foam having one facing material.
Properties of the product obtained are summarized in Table 25.
Atomizer : Model - FF Head D Gum (a product of Gusmer Co., Ltd.) Output pressure : 50 kg/cm' Liquid temperature : 40 C
Face material : Corrugated paper board 2) Preparation of rigid polyurethane foam having a plurality of facing material (Table 26, 27) In the tes-t, rigid polyurethane foam composite boards having two facing materials were prepared with a continuous process under the following conditions by using the formulations illustrated in Table 26.
Properties of -the product ob-tained are summarized in Table 27.
Foaming machine : High pressure foam dispensing machine Model-MQ. (a product of Hennecke Machinen Bau) Line Speed : 10 m/min Temperature : Material: 30 - 40 C Cure oven: 55 C
Product : 1 m Width X 40 mm Thickness 2,028795 35 mm Foam layer Facing material : Laminated paper on the top and bottom As seen in these results, the polyols of the invention have suitable reactivity. Consequently, the mixture of foaming ingredients does not cause sagging phenomenon, even when it is sprayed on a vertical face material, and can give good appearance on the surface of spray applied foam. Good adhesion of sprayed foam to the face material can also be obtained. The rigid foam thus obtained has excellent flame retardance and low heat conductivity, and thus provides composite boards having excellent performance.
The formulations used in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam composites are illustrated in Table 24 and 25. However, the formulations are not limited to the above embodiment and it is to be i B understood that the formulations illustrated in Table 11 and Table (polyol D, E and G~ can also be used for the preparation of polyurethane foam composites.
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4. Detailed Description of the Invention The polyol for use in the present invention is the above polyol (D), polyol (E) and polyol (G~.
olvol ~D) The polyol (D) used in the present inventlon comprises a phenol resin base polyol (A) and an aminophenol base polyol (B).
Phenol Resin ~ase Polvol (A) The polyol (A) comprises (i) a polyol (a) and a polyol (b) or (ii) polyol (a) and polyol (c~. The polyol (a) has a hydroxyl value of from 140 to 350 mgKOH/g and ls prepared by the addition of from 1.0 to 4.5 mole~ of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of a hydroxyl group of a phenol resin or a mixture of phenol resins havlng a number average molecular welght (herelnafter abbreviated as ~Mn)) of from 650 to 1400, an average functionallty of from 3 to 8 and the formula (I?l OH OH OH
[~ X ~Y-~ ( I
( R ~)~ ( R l)n ( R ,)~
~wherein ~1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and fluorine, or a hydroxyl group, m is an integer of from 1 to 3, n is an integer of from 1 to 6, and X and Y are the same or dlfferent and are a divalent group selected from the group consisting of an alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, xylylene, -O-, -S- and -S02- (sulfonyl) or a combination of the above-mentioned group81. The polyol (b) has a hydroxyl value of 240 to 800 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from O.S to 3.0 moles r-,~.9 of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of an active hydrogen in an alkanolamine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula (II):
NR~ R2 R3 (II) [wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, hydroxyethyl or hydroxyisopropyl, provided that both R2 and R3 not a hydrogen atom at the same time]. The polyol (c) has a hydroxyl value of 130 to 750 mgKOH/g and is obtalned by the addition of from 0.5 to 6.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of a hydroxyl group in an active hydrogen containing compound which is an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound having functionality of from 2 to 8 or a mixture of two or more of such aliphatic poiyhydroxy compounds.
Suitable phenol resins for use in the invention include, for example, reaction products of phenols such as phenol, cresol, butylphenol, nonylphenol, chlorophenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, catechol guaiacol, blsphenol A or bisphenol S with aldehydes such as formaldehyde or acetaldehyde~a,a'-dimethoxyxylene a,a'-dichloroxylene or sulfur. The reaction is carried out by known methods.
A preferred phenol resin ls a novolak resln which has the formula (I) whereln Rl is a hydrogen atom and both X and Y are methylene, and has an Mn of 650 to 900, an average functlonallty of 3 to 8, and a softenlng point of 75 to 120 C.
The alkylene oxide used for the present lnvention includes, for example ethylene oxlde, propylene oxlde and butylene ~r~~ 8 oxide. The alkylene oxide may be used singly or in combination.
It was found that when mole numbers of alkylene oxide addltion are increased, solubility resistance to HCFC or HFC is generally decreased.
When the value Mn o~ the phenol resin is less than 650, any of the polyurethane resin derived from the reaction with organic polyisocyanate has a tendency to dissolve in HCFC and HFC.
On the other hand, the value Mn of the phenol resin exceeding 1400 leads to high viscosity in any mixing ratio, poor dispersibility in HCFC and HFC, inferior operation efficiency in reaction, with organic polyisocyanate.
The suitable polyol (a) for use in the lnvention is obtained by the addition of 1.0 to 4.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equi~alent of the hydroxyl group in the phenol resin. When the addition of the alkylene oxide is less than l.O mole, that is, when a substantial amount of phenolic hydroxyl groups remains, physical properties of the resulting polyurethane foam are unfavorable. On the other hand, the addition of the alkylene oxide exceeding ~.5 mole eliminates resistance to HCFC or HFC of resultlng polyurethane resin, although viscosity ls reduced and dispersibllity ln HCFC and HFC becomes better.
When the phenol resin has an average functionality of less than 3, the resulting polyurethane resin made from ~a) and (b) or ta) and (c) decreases resistance to HCFC and HFC. On the other hand, an average functionality exceeding 8 leads to a disadvantage of rendering the polyurethane resin brittle.
The alkanolamine for use in the invention includes, for ~' '1 L~' example, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine and triisopropanolamine.
The suitable polyol (b) used in the invention is obtained by the addition of 0.5 to 3.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of the active hydrogens in the alkanolamine.
When the amount of the alkylene oxide is less than 0.5 mole per equivalent of active hydrogen of alkanolamine, crosslln~ing activity of alkanolamine remains and hence deteriorates physical properties of resulting polyurethane foam.
The amount of alkylene oxide exceeding 3.0 moles also decreases foam properties and the resulting polyurethane foam cannot be practically used.
The polyols (a) and (b~ used in the invention are preferably used in a mixing ratio (a)/(b) of 0.25 to 4.0 by weight. A mixing ratio exceeding 4.0 causes high viscosity and poor dispersibility and dissolving in HCFC and HFC and also leads to unfavorable operation problems on the preparation of polyurethane resin. On the other hand, a mixing ratio less than ; 0.25 is unsuitable because of inferior properties of resulting polyurethane foams and a deterioration of resistance to dissolving in HCFC or HFC.
Suitable aliphatic polyhydroxy compounds used for preparing the polyol (c) of the present invention may be a single compound or a mixture of two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of glycols, polyhydric alcohols and polysaccharides having 2 to 8 functionality. Exemplary aliphatic polyhydroxy compounds includes glycols such as ethylene glycol, : ~, ~, 10 1~
diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol and cyclohexane tetramethanol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol; and polysaccharides such as methylglucoside, sorbitol, mannitol, dulcitol and sucrose.
The mole number of alkylene oxide addition is from 0.5 to 6.5 moles per equivalent of the hydroxyl group in the aliphatic ~ S
~ polyhydroxy compound. An alkylene oxide addition of less than mole makes resultant polyurethane foam brittle. On the other hand, an addition exceeding 6.5 moles lowers resistance to HCFC
and HFC of the polyurethane resin obtained.
The polyols (a) and (c) which are derived from the phenol resin and the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, respectively, are preferably mixed in the ratio ~a)/(c) of 0.1 to 4.0 by weight.
The mixing ratio less than 0.1 reduces resistance to HCFC or HFC
of polyurethane resin prepared by reacting in the presence of a catalyst. On the other hand, the mixing ratio exceeding 4.0 leads to a disadvantage of poor operation efficiency due to too high viscosity in the preparation of polyurethane resin.
Aminophenol Base Polvol (B) The polyol (B) comprises a polyol Id) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and the above-mentioned polyol (b) or the polyol (d) and the polyol (cI described in the phenol resin base polyol (A). The polyol (d) is obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of an active hydrogen in an aminophenol compound or a mixture thereof rZ~
havlng a number average molecular welght (Mn~ of from 100 to 200, an average functionality of from 3 to 6, and the formula (III)-l~ O
~( N H 2)~1 ( D~ ) ( O ~1) P
[~herein Ro is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group havlng from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an allcyclic hydrocarbon, q lsan integer of from 1 to 2, and p is an integer of from 1 to 2].
Exemplary sultable aminophenol compounds include amlnophenol, aminocresol, aminoethylphenol, amlnobutylphenol, aminoresorcinol, aminopyrocatechol, aminohydroquinone, amino-homocatechol, aminocresorcinol, aminoorclnol, diaminophenol, and diamlnocre~ol.
The amlnophenol base polyol (B) comprlses the polyol (d) and the polyol (b) or the polyol (d) and the polyol (c) ln a (d)/(b) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by welght or a (d)/(c) ratlo of from 0.1 to 4.0 by welght. The reason for the ~election of these mlxlng ratios ls the same a6 (a)/(b) and (a)/(c) ln the case of phenol resln ba~e polyol(A).
The polyol (D) comprlses the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the aminophenol base polyol (8) in a ~A)~B) ratlo of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight and has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
~ ven though polyol (A~ iæ used slngly, the rigid polyur-ethane foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents exhlbits relatively good physlcal propertles. When polyol ~A) 1~
used in combinatlon with polyol ~B~, foam propertles such as heat conductivity, compresslve strength, and low temperature dimensional stability can be further improved. The (A)/(B) ratio devlated from the range of from 0.25 to 4.0 leads to inerior propertie~ of the foam.
Polvol (E) The polyol (E) used of the present lnvention comprises the afore-mentioned phenol resin base polyol (A) and a polyphenyl-polyxylylenepolyamlne base polyol (C).
PolvPhenvlpolvxvlYlenePolvamine Base Polvol (C) The polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) used in the present invention compri~es a polyol (e) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and the polyol (b) or the polyol (b) and the polyol (c) descrlbed above. The polyol (e) is obtalned by addlng from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxlde to one equivalent of an actlve hydrogen in a polyphenylpolyxyly-lenepolyamine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula(IV) t .. . .
H, N--~--Z ~}Z ~ ~ ~N 11 .
R 5 (N) ~.~
[wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an allphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon, Z is xylylene group, and s is an integer of from O to 10].
The above polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine compound for use in the invention includes, for example, a,a'-bis~4-aminophenyl) ~ , polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine, mixture thereof~ derivatlves, isomer and oligomer of these compounds.
When the amount of the alkylene oxide is less than 1.0 mole per equlvalent of the amino group, that is, many amino groups remain, it is difficult to control the foaming reaction and the physical properties of the resulting polyurethane foam unfavorably deteriorates. On the other hand, alkylene oxide addition exceeding 9.0 moles leads to inferior physical properties, although viscosity is reduced and di~persing ability into HCFC and HFC becomes better.
The alkanolamine which can be used for preparing the polyol (a) has been described above.
The polyol (b) used in the invention is obtained by the addition of 0.5 to 3.0 moles of alkylene oxide to one equivalent of the active hydrogens in the alkanolamine.
When the amount of alkylene oxide ls less than 0.5 mole per equivalent of the actlve hydrogens of the alkanolamine, crosslinking activlty of the alkanolamine remains and hence deteriorates physical properties of resulting polyurethane foam.
The amount of the alkylene oxide exceeding 3.0 moles also decreases foam properties even in a polyol mixing ratio (e)/(b) of above 4.0 and the resulting polyurethane foam cannot be practically used.
The polyol (e) and (b) for use in the invention are preferably used in a mixing ratio (e)/(b) of 0.25 to 4.0 by weight. The mixing ratio exceedlng 4.0 causes high viscosity and poor dispersibility in HCFC and HFC and also leads to unfavorable operation problems on the preparation of polyurethane resin. On the other hand, the mixing ratio less than 0.25 is unsuitable because of inferior properties of resulting polyurethane foams.
The aliphatic polyhydroxy compound which can be used for producing the polyol (c) has been described above.
A preferred amount of an alkylene oxide added ~o the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound is from 0.5 to 6.5 moles per equivalent of hydroxyl group in the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound. Addition leæs than 0.5 mole makes resulting polyurethane foam brittle. On the other hand, the amount exceeding 6.5 moles decreases resistance of resulting polyurethane resin to dissolution in HCEC and HFC. The polyphenylpolyxylylene-; polyamine-derived polyol (e) and the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound-derived polyol (c) are preferably mixed in a (e)/(c) ratio of from 0.1 to 4.0 by weight. The ratio less than 0.1 lowers resistance to dissolving in HCFC and HFC of polyurethane resin prepared in the presence of a catalyst. On the other hand, the ratio exceeding 4.0 causes too high viscosity of resulting mixture and hence has a disadvantage of poor operation efficiency in the production of polyurethane resin.
The polyol (E) is obtained by mixing the polyol (A~ and the polyol (C) in a (A)~C) ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 by weight D
and has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
The polyol ~A) can be used singly, and in this case, the foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents exhibits relatively good physical properties. When the polyol (A) is used in coD~bination with the polyol (C), much better results can be obtained on the foam properties such as heat conductivity, compressive strength and dimensional stability. However, when the ratio (A)/(C) deviates from the range of from 0.25 to 4.0, properties of the polyurethane foam obtained by using HCFC and/or HFC as foaming agents are inferior. Consequently, a preferred (A)/(C) ratio is in the range of from 0.25 to 4Ø
Polvol (G) The polyol (G) used for preparing rigid polyurethane foam and composite thereof in the present invention comprises its component, afore-mentioned phenol resin base polyol (A) and other component, polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F).
Polvol (F) The Polyol (F) comprises a polyol (f) having a hydroxyl : value of 150~700 mgKOH/g, an alkylene oxide added of 1.0~9.0 mole per one equivalent of an amino group in a polymethylenepoly-phenylpolyamine and the afore-mentioned polyol ~b) or the polyol (f) and the afore-mentioned polyol (c).
It ls preferable that the mixing ratio ln weight of the polyol (f) and the polyol (b), i.e. (f)/(b) is 0.25~4.0, and that of the polyol (f) and the polyol (c), i.e. (f)/(c) is 0.1~4Ø
The polyol (G) is a mixture of the polyol (A) and the polyol (F~ ln which the mixing ratio in weight, i.e. (A)/(F) is i,~
0.25~4.0 and a hydroxyl value of the mlxture is 180~700 mgKOH/g.
The relationship among the mixing ratios of (f)/(b), (f)/(c) and (A)/(F), the hydroxyl value of the mixed polyols, physical properties oi resulting polyurethane, operation efficiency and effect of combination use of polyol (A) and polyol (F) is the same as that of the polyol (D) and the polyol (E).
The suitable polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine~ for use in the present invention include, for example, polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine which is used commonly as a raw material of polymethylenepolyphenylpolyisocyanate, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane which is separated from the polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine, its isomer or mixture of these isomers.
A catalyst which can be used in the present invention for the addition reaction of the alkylene oxide to a single compound or mixture of the phenol resin, the alkanolamine compound, the aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, the aminophenol compound, the polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine and the polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine as starting materials is an amine catalyst and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide catalyst.
The amlne catalyst is represented by the formula (V) or the formula (VI) NR4R4R5 (V) R4R5N(CH2)~ NR4R5 (VI) [wherein R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group selected from a group consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, A
hydroxyethyl and hydroxyisopropyl, R5 is a hydrogen atom or a group selected from a yroup consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyethyl and hydroxyisopropyl, t is an integer of from 1~6, but R4 and R5 cannot be hydrogen atoms at the same time in the formula (V)].
Exemplary amine compounds include dibutylamlne, ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, trlethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, dl-n-propylamine, n-propylamine, n-amylamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, isobutylamine, isoamylamine and methyldiethylamine.
An alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide can also be used as the catalyst for the above addition reaction.
Representative examples of ~he alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and barium hydroxide.
The above amines and the alkali metal hydroxide catalysts can be used singly or in combination.
The amount of the above catalysts used for the invention is from 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the sum of above staxtlng materials having actlve group such as amino group or active hydrogen. When the alkall metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide catalyst is used, the reacted solutlon is neutrallzed by an acld solution such as a phosphoric acid a~ueous solution.
The polyols of the present invention can be prepared by 17a l~
charging in an autoclave, the catalyst and one or more starting materials selected from the phenol resin, the alkanolamine, the al:iphatic polyhydroxy compound, the aminophenol compound, the polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine compound, and the polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine and then gradually feeding an alkylene oxide to conduct addition reaction. Preferred reaction temperature is 90 to 130 C. The temperature of lower than 90 C is difficult to progress the reaction. On the other hand, the temperature exceeding 130 C is liable to cause side reactions. When the above starting material is used singly, each polyol thus obtained can be subsequently blended in a prescribed amount.
The polyols in the present invention can be prepared by using a 17b i~
starting material singly or a mixture of it. In the case where the polyol prepared from the single material leads to high viscosity and poor operation efficiency, it is preferred to prepare the polyol by using a mixture of the starting material corresponding to each component of the desired polyol.
In the examples of the invention, each polyol (a), ~b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) is separately synthesi~ed by using the starting material singly and followed by mixing these polyols to prepare component polyols (A), (B), (C), and (F). Thereafter polyols (D), (E) and (G) of present invention are prepared by mixing the component polyols.
No particular restriction is imposed upon the organic polyisocyanate for use in the process of the invention.
Conventionally known organic polyisocyanates, for example, aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic polyisocyanates and their modified products can be used. Exemplary polyisocyanate which is suitable for use includes phenylendiisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, crude tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tolylene triisocyanate, polymethylenepo lyphenylpolyisocyanate, modified polyisocyanates such as carbodiimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and isocyanate terminated prepolymers which can be obtained by reacting the above polyisocyanate with the low molecular polyol or polymer polyol in a NCO/active hydrogen equivalent ratio of from 2 to 20 and have an socyanate content of from 5 to 35~ by weight.
These polyisocyanates can be used singly or in combination.
The equivalent ratio of the polyisocyanate to the hydroxyl group in the resin premix is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø The equivalent ratio exceeding 5.0 leads to unreacted polyisocyanate remained. On the other hand, the equivalent ratio less than 0.8 results in unreacted polyol remained. Hence the above range is preferable.
The foaming agent for use in the invention is HCFC and HFC.
Exemplary HCFC include 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), l,l-dichloro-l-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) l-chloro-l, 1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b)and monochlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).
Representative HFC includes 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane ~HFC-134a) and l,l-difluoroethane (HFC-152a). These foaming agents can be used singly or in combination.
When necessary, water and/or low boiling point compound and other auxiliary foaming agent can be used in combination.
Water is usually used in an amount of from 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin premix. Exemplary low boiling point compound includes methylene chloride and other low boiling point hydrocarbons (boiling point is from 10 to 50 ~C ) and their mixture. Conventional CFC can also be used in combination.
The foaming catalyst which can be used for the rigid polyurethane foam, preparation of the invention includes, for example, amine calayst such as triethylamine, tripropylamine, triisopropanolamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, hexadecyl-dimethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-octadecylmorpholine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylpropylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylbutanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetra-methylhexamethylenediamine, bis ~2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl) ether, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N,N,N',N", N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, formic acid and other acid salts of triethylenediamine, oxyalkylene adduc-ts of primary and secondary amines, aza ring compounds such as N,N-dialkylpiperazine, and various N,N',N"-trialkylaminoal kylhexahydrotriazines such as ~ -aminocarbonyl catalyst disclosed in Japanese TOKKO SHO 52-043517 (1977) and ~ -aminonitrile catalyst disclosed in Japanese TOKKO SHO 53-014279 (1978); and organometallic catalysts such as tin acetate, stannous octoate, stannous oleate, stannous laurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dichloride, lead octoate, lead naphthenate, nickel naphthenate and cobalt naphthenate.
These catalyst can be used singly or in combination. The amount of the catalyst for use is in the range of from 0.0001 to 10.0 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polyol.
The cell regulator for use in the present invention is a conventionally known organic silicone surfactant. Exemplary foam regulators include products of Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd. which are L-520, L-540, L-5340, L-5410, L-5420, L-5710 and -5720, products of Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. which are SH-190, SH-19~, S~-193, SH-194, and SH-195, products of Shinetsu Silicone Co. r Ltd. which are F-305, r-306, F-317, F-341 and F-345, and a product of Toshiba Silicone Co.,~
Ltd. which is TFA-4200.
The amount of the cell regulator used is in the range of from 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the sum of the polyol and the organic polyisocyanate.
Flame retardants which can be used are tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris(dibromopropyl) phosphate, products of Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd. which are CR-50S
and CR-5Q7, and a product of Akzo Japan Co., Ltd. which is Fyrol-6.
Other additives usually employed in polyurethane, for example, plasticizer, fillers, stabilizers, such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers and colorants can also be added, if necessary.
In the case of preparing the polyurethane resin, the polyol, catalyst, stabilizer, organic polyisocyanate and other additives are mixed rapidly according to the formulation and poured into a mold, then are cured in room temperature. In the case of preparing the rigid polyurethane foam, the polyol, catalyst, cell regulator, flame retardant afore-mentioned foaming agent and other additives are mixed in a prescribed amount to foam a premix. Said polyol is that containing afore-mentioned polyol (D) or polyol (E) or polyol (G).
~ sing a polyurethane dispensing machine, the resin premix is rapidly and continuously mixed with the organic polyisocyanate at a constant ratio so as to obtain a NCO/active hyfrogen equivalent ratio of from 0.8 to 5.Q.
The mixture obtained is successively poured into a cavity or a mold. After pouring, liquid raw material of the rigid polyurethane foam is formed and cured in a serveral minutes.
The rigid polyure-thane foam obtained in the present invention is used for the heat-insulation material or structural material of refrigerators, heat-insulating panels, ships and vehicles.
Example The present invention will hereinafter be illustrated further in detail by way of examples and comparative examples.
~Polyol Preparation~
Reference Example 1 To a 21 autoclave, 500g of novolak resin #2000, a product of Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. illustrated in Table 1, was charged.
The internal atmosphere of the autoclave was replaced with nitrogen.
The autoclave was then heated to 120C , 2.3 g of triethylamine was added, and successively 2749 of propylene oxide was gradually charged. After reacting for 3 hours unreacted propylene oxide was removed from the reaction system. Polyol (a-l) thus obtained was 7209 and had a hydroxyl value of 339 mgKOH/g.
Reference Example 2 ~ 9 Polyols (a-2 ~ a-9) indicated in Table 2 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table .
Hydroxyl values of polyols prepared were indicated in Table 2.
Reference Example 10~ 18 Polyols (b-l ~ b-7, c-l and c-2) indicated in Table 3 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described in ReiEerence Example 1, except that, in place of phenol resin in Reference Example 1, triethanolamine, glycerol, trimethylolpropane or sucrose was employed in Reference Examples 10~18r and that the raw material formulation was changed as indicated in Table 3.
The hydroxyl values of these polyols are shown in Table :~ .
Preparation of phenol resin base polyol (A) Reference Examples 19~27 Polyol (A-l~A-9) were prepared by using the polyol (a), ~b) and (c) prepared in Reference Examples 1~9 in Table 2 and Reference Examples 10~18 in Table 3.
Phenol resin base polyol (A-l~A-9~ were prepared by the formulation lndicated in Table 4. The hydroxyl values and the viscosity values of these polyols were indicated in Table 4.
Reference Example 28~32 Polyols (d-l~d-5) indicated in Table 5 were prepared by the same procedure as described in Reference Example 1, except that phenol resin in Reference Example 1 was replaced with p-aminophenol and the raw material formulation was changed asindicated in Table 5.
The hydroxyl values of these polyols are shown ln Table 5.
Reference Examples 33~37 Polyols (b-8~b-10, c-3 and c-4) indicated in Table 6 were prepared by the same procedure as described in Reference 1'~
Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with triethanolamine or glycerol and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 6. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 6.
Preparation of aminophenol base polyol (B) Reference Examples 38 ~ 42 Aminophenol base polyols (B-l~ B-5) were prepared by using the polyol (d), (b) and tc) prepared in Reference Examples 28 ~ 32 in Table 5 and Reference Examples 33 ~ 37 in Table 6. Aminophenol base polyoles (s-l~ B-5) were prepared by the formulation indicated in Table 7. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 7.
Reference Example 43~ 48 Polyols (e-l ~ e-6) indicated in Table 8 were prepared by carrying out the procedure as described in Reference Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 8.
Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 8.
Reference Example 49~ 54 Polyols (b-ll~ b-13 and c-5~ c-7) indicated in Table 9 were prepared by carrying out the procedure as described in Reference Example 1 excepting the change of phenol resion in Reference Example 1 with triethanolamine or glycerol, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 9.
Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 9.
,' 26520-~9 Pr,eparation of polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) Reference Example 55 - 50 Polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyols (C-1 -C-6) were prepared by using the polyol (e), (b) and ~c) prepared in Reference Examples 43 ~8 in Table 8 and Reference Examples 49 -54 in Table 9, according to the formulation indlcated in Table 10.
Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of these polyols were indicated in Table 10.
Examples 1 - 11 Polyol (D) and ~E) indicated in Examples 1 - 11 were prepared according to the formulation indicated in Table 11 by using phenol resin base polyols ~A-1 - A-9) indicated in Table 4, aminophenol base polyols (B-1 - B-5) indicated in Table 7 and polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyols (C-1 - C-6) indicated in Table 10.
Hydroxyl values and viæcosity values of these polyols obtained were indicated in Table 11.
Preparation of polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) Reference Example 61 - 66 Polyols (f-1 - f-6) indicated in Table 12 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as descrlbed in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1 with polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine. Hydroxyl values of these polyols were indicated in Table 12.
Reference Example 67 - 72 Polyols (b-14, b-15 and c-8 - c-11) indicated in Table 13 were prepared by carrying out the same procedure as described ~G
, in Reference Example 1, excepting the change of phenol resin in Reference Example 1, with triethanolamine, glycerol or pentaerythritol, and the change of raw material formulation as indicated in Table 13. Hydroxyl values of these polyol were indicated in Table 13.
Reference Example 73 - 7~
Polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyols (F) were prepared by using the polyols ~f), (b) and (c) prepared in Reference Examples 61 - 66 indicated in Table 12 and Reference Examples 67 - 72 in Table 13, according to the formulation indicated in Table 14. Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of polyols thus obtained were indicated in Table 14.
Reference Examples 79 - 84 Polyols (G-1 - G-6) indicated in Table 15 were prepared according to the formulation indicated in Table 15 by using phenol resin base polyol (A-l - A-3, A-5, A-6 and A-9) indicated in Table 4 and polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyols (F-1 - F-6).
Hydroxyl values and viscosity values of these polyols obtained were indicated in Table 15.
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lPolyuret}lane resin Preparation](Examples 12~ 22) Polyurethane resin was prepared by reacting 30.0 9 of a polyol obtained in examples or comparative examples, an organic polyisocyanate MDI-CR (a product of Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) having NCO content of 31.0 ~, and 0.10 g of amine catalyst Kaoli~er No. 1 (Trademark, a product of Kao Co. Ltd.) at room temperature according to the formulation illustrated in Table 16.
CFC or HCFC absorption was measured on the polyurethane resin thus obtained. Results are illustrated in Table 16.
~Rigid polyurethane foam preparation ~ (Examples 23~ 39) To 100 g of the yolyol thus obtained in the examples and comparative examples, 1.5 9 of water, 1.5 g of silicone surfactant L-5420 (a product of Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.), amine catalyst Kaolizer No. 1 (a product of Kao Co., Ltd.) and each amount of CFC or HCFC
illustrated in Table 17 and 18 were added and mixed to obtain a premix. The premix thus obtained was mixed and reacted with each amount of polyisocyanate (MDI-CR, crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate, a product of MitsUi Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) illustrated in the same table at the room temperature and poured into a mold to prepare a rigid polyurethane foam.
In the step of preparing the resin premix, mixing and dispersing ability (operation efficiency) between CFC or HCFC and polyol was observed and closed cell content of rigid polyurethane foam were measured. Results are illustrated in the same table.
As seen in Table 17 and 18, polyol(D), polyol(E) and polyol (G) which are respectively a mixture of phenol resin base polyol (A) and .
. . . : . ..
aminophenol base polyol (B) or polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) or polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) can maintain, in the polyurethane foam production using HCFC or HFC as a foaming agent, equivalent or better operation efficiency and foam propertied as compared with conventional foam production using CFC.
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' ~Rigid polyurethane foam production~ (continued) (Table 19 ~ 22) Resin premix, was prepared according to the formulation illustrated in Tables 19 ~ 22. The premix was rapidly mixed at 5000 rpm for 6 seconds with a prescribed amount of an organic polyisocyanate as illustrated in above Tables. The mixture obtained was immediately poured into vertical, wooden boxes having dimensions of 200x 200X 200 mm and 380X 380x 35(thickness)mm.
The mixture was free foamed and thereafter allowed to stand for a day at room temperature.
Specimens having dimensions of 80 X 80X 30mm in size were cut from the former mold and density, compressive strength, and low temperature dimentional stability were measured in accordance with JIS
A 9514.
A specimens having dimensionds of 200X 200 X 25mm in size were cut from the latter mold and heat conductivity were measured in accordance with JIS A 1412.
Results are illustrated in Tables 19 ~ 22.
(1) Preparation of rigid polyurethane foam composite having facing material According to the above examples, preparation of a rigid polyurethane foam composite having facing material of the invention was carried out.
Polyols obtained in examples and comparative examples illustrated in Table 11 and Table 23 were used as the raw material of rigid polyurethane foams.
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20Z8~95 The facing material Eor use in the invention includes corrugated paper boards, laminated papers and other paper products, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and other synthetic resin plates; and aluminum, steel and other metal plates.
1) Polyurethane foam composite having one facing material(Table 24, 25) The same formulations as illustrated in Table 24 were sprayed on a facing material under the following conditions to prepare a rigid polyurethane foam having one facing material.
Properties of the product obtained are summarized in Table 25.
Atomizer : Model - FF Head D Gum (a product of Gusmer Co., Ltd.) Output pressure : 50 kg/cm' Liquid temperature : 40 C
Face material : Corrugated paper board 2) Preparation of rigid polyurethane foam having a plurality of facing material (Table 26, 27) In the tes-t, rigid polyurethane foam composite boards having two facing materials were prepared with a continuous process under the following conditions by using the formulations illustrated in Table 26.
Properties of -the product ob-tained are summarized in Table 27.
Foaming machine : High pressure foam dispensing machine Model-MQ. (a product of Hennecke Machinen Bau) Line Speed : 10 m/min Temperature : Material: 30 - 40 C Cure oven: 55 C
Product : 1 m Width X 40 mm Thickness 2,028795 35 mm Foam layer Facing material : Laminated paper on the top and bottom As seen in these results, the polyols of the invention have suitable reactivity. Consequently, the mixture of foaming ingredients does not cause sagging phenomenon, even when it is sprayed on a vertical face material, and can give good appearance on the surface of spray applied foam. Good adhesion of sprayed foam to the face material can also be obtained. The rigid foam thus obtained has excellent flame retardance and low heat conductivity, and thus provides composite boards having excellent performance.
The formulations used in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam composites are illustrated in Table 24 and 25. However, the formulations are not limited to the above embodiment and it is to be i B understood that the formulations illustrated in Table 11 and Table (polyol D, E and G~ can also be used for the preparation of polyurethane foam composites.
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Claims (41)
1. A polyol composition comprising:
(A) a phenol resin base polyol which itself is a mixture of a polyol (a) and a polyol (b) or of a polyol (a) and a polyol (c), where:
the polyol (a) has a hydroxyl value of from 140 to 350 mgKOH/g and is prepared by adding from 1.0 to 4.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of hydroxyl group of a phenol resin or a mixturethereof having a number average molecular weight of from 650 to 1400, an average functionality of from 3 to 8 and the formula (I):
(I) [wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and fluorine, or hydroxyl, m is an integer of from 1 to 3, n is an integer of from 1 to 6, and X and Y are the same or different divalent groups selected from the group consisting of an alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, xylylene, oxy, thio and sulfonyl or bonded group of the above-mentioned groups];
the polyol (b) has a hydroxyl value of 240 to 800 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from 0.5 to 3.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in an alkanol-amine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula (II):
NR2R2R3 (II) (wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each a hydro-gen atom, hydroxyethyl or hydroxyisopropyl, provided that both R2 and R3 are not a hydrogen atom simultaneously); and the polyol (c) has a hydroxyl value of 130 to 750 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from 0.5 to 6.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of hydroxyl group in an active hydrogen-containing compound which is an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound having an average functionality of from 2 to 8 or a mixture thereof, and a nitrogen-containing polyol selected from the group consisting of (B) an aminophenol base polyol and (C) a poly-phenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol, the said polyol composition having a weight ratio of the phenol resin base polyol (A)/the nitrogen-containing polyol (B) or (C) of 0.25 to 4.0 and having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
(A) a phenol resin base polyol which itself is a mixture of a polyol (a) and a polyol (b) or of a polyol (a) and a polyol (c), where:
the polyol (a) has a hydroxyl value of from 140 to 350 mgKOH/g and is prepared by adding from 1.0 to 4.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of hydroxyl group of a phenol resin or a mixturethereof having a number average molecular weight of from 650 to 1400, an average functionality of from 3 to 8 and the formula (I):
(I) [wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine and fluorine, or hydroxyl, m is an integer of from 1 to 3, n is an integer of from 1 to 6, and X and Y are the same or different divalent groups selected from the group consisting of an alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, xylylene, oxy, thio and sulfonyl or bonded group of the above-mentioned groups];
the polyol (b) has a hydroxyl value of 240 to 800 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from 0.5 to 3.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in an alkanol-amine compound or a mixture thereof having the formula (II):
NR2R2R3 (II) (wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each a hydro-gen atom, hydroxyethyl or hydroxyisopropyl, provided that both R2 and R3 are not a hydrogen atom simultaneously); and the polyol (c) has a hydroxyl value of 130 to 750 mgKOH/g and is obtained by adding from 0.5 to 6.5 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of hydroxyl group in an active hydrogen-containing compound which is an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound having an average functionality of from 2 to 8 or a mixture thereof, and a nitrogen-containing polyol selected from the group consisting of (B) an aminophenol base polyol and (C) a poly-phenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol, the said polyol composition having a weight ratio of the phenol resin base polyol (A)/the nitrogen-containing polyol (B) or (C) of 0.25 to 4.0 and having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
2. The polyol composition of claim 1, which comprises the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the aminophenol base polyol (B).
3. The polyol composition of claim 1, which comprises the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the aminophenol base polyol (B); and the phenol resin is a novolak resin represented by the formula (I) wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom and both X and Y are methylene.
4. The polyol composition of claim 3 wherein the novo-lak resin has a number average molecular weight of from 650 to 900, an average functionality of from 3 to 8, and a softening point of from 75 to 120°C.
5. The polyol composition of claim 1, which comprises the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the aminophenol base polyol (B); and the aminophenol base polyol (B) comprises polyol (d) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and the polyol (b) or the polyol (c), the polyol (d) being obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in an aminophenol compound or a mixture thereof having a number average molecular weight of from 100 to 200, an average functionality of from 3 to 6, and the formula (III):
( III ) (wherein Ro is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, q is an integer of from 1 to 2, and p is an integer of from 1 to 2).
( III ) (wherein Ro is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, q is an integer of from 1 to 2, and p is an integer of from 1 to 2).
6. The polyol composition of claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the phenol resin base polyol (A) has a polyol (a)/polyol (b) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 and a polyol (a)/polyol (c) weight ratio of from 0.1 to 4Ø
7. The polyol composition of claim 5 wherein the amino-phenol base polyol (B) has a polyol (d)/polyol (b) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 and a polyol (d)/polyol (c) weight ratio of from 0.1 to 4Ø
8. The polyol composition of claim 1, which comprises the phenol resin base polyol (A) and the polyphenylpolyxylylene-polyamine base polyol (C).
9. The polyol composition of claim 8 wherein the poly-phenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) comprises a polyol (e) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and polyol (b) or polyol (c), the polyol (e) being obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in a polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine compound or a mixture thereof having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 1500, an average functionality of from 4 to 8 and the formula (IV):
(IV ) (wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon, Z is xylylene group and s is an intefer of from 0 to 10).
(IV ) (wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon, Z is xylylene group and s is an intefer of from 0 to 10).
10. The polyol composition of claim 8 or 9 wherein the polyphenylpolyxylylenepolyamine base polyol (C) has a polyol (e)/
polyol (b) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 and a polyol (e)/
polyol (c) weight ratio of from 0.1 to 4Ø
polyol (b) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 and a polyol (e)/
polyol (c) weight ratio of from 0.1 to 4Ø
11. A polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a polyol with an organic polyisocyanate, where the polyol composition of claim 2 is employed as a portion or the whole of said polyol .
12. A polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a polyol with an organic polyisocyanate, where the polyol composition of claim 8 is employed as a portion or the whole of said polyol.
13. The polyurethane resin of claim 11 or 12 wherein the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated pre-polymer.
14. The polyurethane resin of claim 11 or 12 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyiso-cyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
15. A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator, where the polyol composition of claim 2 is used as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
16. A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator, where the polyol composition of claim 8 is used as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one com-pound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluoro-carbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
17. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 15 or 16 wherein the hydrochlorofluorocarbon is 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, l,l-dichloro-l-fluoroethane or l-chloro-l,l-difluoromethane, and the hydrofluorocarbon is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or l,l-di-fluoroethane.
18. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 15 or 16 wherein the foaming agent is at least one member selected from the group consisting of water and a low boiling point compound.
19. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 15 or 16 wherein the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
20. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 15 or 16 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic poly-isocyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
21. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator, where the polyol composition of claim 2 is employed as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
22. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator, where the polyol composition of claim 8 is employed as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group con-sisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
23. The process of claim 21 or 22 wherein a portion or the whole of the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
24. The process of claim 21 or 22 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
25. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam composite, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator to form a rigid polyurethane foam on a face mater-ial or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face materials, where the polyol composition of claim 2 is employed as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
26. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam composite, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator to form a rigid polyurethane foam on a face mate-rial or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face materials, where the polyol composition of claim 8 is employed as a portion or the whole of the polyol and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
27. The process of claim 25 or 26 wherein the rigid poly-urethane foam is formed by a coating, pouring or spraying process.
28. The process of claim 25 or 26 wherein a portion or the whole of the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
29. The process of claim 25 or 26 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
30. A polyol composition comprising a phenol resin base polyol (A) and an aminophenol base polyol (B) in a weight ratio (A)/(B) of from 0.25 to 4.0 and having a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g.
31. A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprisiny a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator wherein polyol (G) is employed as a portion or the whole of the said polyol, the polyol (G) has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g and is a mixture containing the phenol resin base polyol (A) as defined in claim 1 and a polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) in a (A)/(F) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0 and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
32. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 31 wherein the polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) comprises polyol (f) having a hydroxyl value of from 150 to 700 mgKOH/g and polyol (b) or polyol (c) as defined in claim 1, the said polyol (f) being obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in a polymethylenepolyphenylpoly-amine.
33. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 30 wherein a portion or the whole of the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
34. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 31 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyisocyan-ate to a hydroxyl group of the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
35. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a cell regulator, wherein polyol (G) is employed as a portion or the whole of the said polyol, the polyol (G) has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g and is a mixture containing the phenol resin based polyol (A) as defined in claim 1 and a polymethylene-polyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) in a (A)/(F) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0, the foaming agent comprises at least one com-pound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluoro-carbon and a hydrofluorocarbon, and the polymethylenepolyphenyl-polyamine base polyol (F) is obtained by adding from 1.0 to 9.0 moles of an alkylene oxide to one equivalent of active hydrogen in a polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine.
36. The process of claim 35 wherein a portion or the whole of the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
37. The process of claim 35 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
38. A process for preparing a rigid polyurethane foam composite, which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a resin premix comprising a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst and a cell regulator to form a rigid polyurethane foam on a face material or in a cavity surrounded by a plurality of face materials wherein polyol (G) is employed as a portion or the whole of the polyol, the polyol (G) has a hydroxyl value of from 180 to 700 mgKOH/g and is a mixture containing the phenol resin base polyol (A) as defined in claim 1 and a polymethylenepolyphenylpolyamine base polyol (F) in a (A)/(F) weight ratio of from 0.25 to 4.0, and the foaming agent comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrochlorofluorocarbon and a hydrofluorocarbon.
39. The preparation process of claim 38 wherein a portion or the whole of the organic polyisocyanate comprises an isocyanato-terminated prepolymer.
40. The preparation process of claim 38 wherein the equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in the organic polyisocyan-ate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol is in the range of from 0.8 to 5Ø
41. The preparation process of claim 38 wherein the rigid polyurethane foam is formed by coating, pouring or spraying.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2028795 CA2028795A1 (en) | 1990-10-29 | 1990-10-29 | Polyol and utilization thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2028795 CA2028795A1 (en) | 1990-10-29 | 1990-10-29 | Polyol and utilization thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2028795A1 true CA2028795A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
Family
ID=4146282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2028795 Abandoned CA2028795A1 (en) | 1990-10-29 | 1990-10-29 | Polyol and utilization thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2028795A1 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-10-29 CA CA 2028795 patent/CA2028795A1/en not_active Abandoned
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