CA2024609A1

CA2024609A1 - Piezoelectric fusion of deuterium

Info

Publication number: CA2024609A1
Application number: CA 2024609
Authority: CA
Inventors: Bruno A. K. Krawzik
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-09-05
Filing date: 1990-09-05
Publication date: 1992-03-06

Abstract

Abstract It is known that certain crystals and ceramics produce electricity when compressed or stretched, and conversely when electricity is applied to them they compress or expand depending on polarity. This is known as the Piezoelectric Effect. When Deuterium is substituted for Hydrogen in the molecules of certain crystals and suitably high and quick voltage pulse is applied to the ends of the crystal the crystal constricts or expands and causes adjacent Deuterium atoms to fuse and release great quantities of heat.

Description

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I r 1 C .^, Tt i~ inur-i-.t iC!;i iii. fc~r ; ',f~ Pie~O~ ti~ iC FU;. IC~' O j Dut~ iU~
qts ,rr,o r, i u r~l L~ o ~3 r- F, PJ, .J S P ~ t ~ 2 !~ ;-, P 1 ~ ~ O ~ I ~ C i~ 1- i C
cryst~ l .G3euter iur-i i.- s~it.-. i i I u tr a fru~ d.-s3en in the m3nu-f i-.c 3tur ir,~
proc~-~ c3rr firf,rilon iiirn Difu .irr-ge,i Pho-pr,atr~ ;D~32PD-~` .D.-$ stal.-~ ~ f- th is ~ lt --re then ~- ow-~. r~r,d u1 . Ele~tro--ies cf ~old o3- si 1 ue~ e t7,en u.~cuurf, pls~t-d on3;o the r*nri~ oF tf~e crs -t-l .1~he e.-$~~-tal is thei; imff~et-sc~d il~, a ti igt, h A t L -3F ~ ity j-~r,3-~ co.-,dur t in~J o i I to F - e~ - the -,- Y t.A1 f F Oh-!
shat ter ir,~ aild 'co riF- ij.w .~ai~ tt,e ne_ ~ tair, t t,eat f f 4rif, tt:e pr oc ~s5 ~ . fr'1 t,r i f pu3se ~Pprrj~ I.'l,f3f~ f~ 1.secQn' dur~tion~ i3it3n rni~.xirr;urn uolt~5e ap,ro:~ir.,-r~t1$
50 ,J3el~ ~o l-ts i_ the5~ ~.ppl ieri ' o the electt odes or, tt,ei erlri- of ~he rY-t 31 .
~orr,e of tsh! 3~-itu-tes iun, 3rtoms ir, the cr~st.3.1 ~r-e the,-, $r~-~ ed ~.gain5t ectrh other 3Jittl sufi'ii-lrlt f-3t-re ~o o~erriorr,e tt:e Coulumt~ repul5ion an~d -fui;f-The re51.l1t~r,t t,e-tt is thr*n dr.3.wn 3~ ;3.y tJ~ mr;n5 ofr he3t e~ han~3~ rs ~nd {ar, t,e use tr- r ur, tur t3 ins ~r, etc ~

The ratc* c/f fuii.ior, oF ~.3ceu~cer iur~, ~t-:.rn- rr,~.~i .3e regulated tJ j~ rionl:ru}l i"_3 -thr: per-cer,t~t~e of H~,dr-o~jj-ien to Jeutri- iurf, irl the rr,~r,ufatur-c oS.- 3.rr,moni3. -3.nc3 ~i5c3 ir, -tt,r- mAr,u-Fi--ture of pt,r3~P.-30rc-~ ac id. The tl~--3 Fre--Ur~-rs c f hmrr,cniurr D Ih~dr c,~en pho5Fd-l~te .

Tt,e r~te o4 fuslcn ma~,~ also t3e 3 r-~ulr3.ted ;y ccrlt:-oll ing tt,r* pr~i-;in~3 olt~ge arlcd rrc3uc in5 rJ7- incrr*.~.sins tl,e ler,3ht of tirne cf the ~olta3e ~ulse .
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The rate o4 4usion rh~- 31sc- ~3e i~egulateci l~y ~IAryin~ th~ r~st31 cut frorn m~> irnurr, cornpr~ssioi-, to rninirnurr, corr,pre~-.3ior, A

The rate clf fusi~n rnay ~Iso be roi-,tr~ scl by grc~in~ ~- thirl sAndwich er cf ~1~4DZP04 onto A rb~ular cr~stal of ~ i4Hi'P04 by suos-titutii-~ a supe:r-~ s~tur~ited ~olution cf ~J~D~i-n~ -fcr i'~JH4H2P04 p~rtw~ cluiir,~ the 3ncwth of ; ~ the ne~ular {r~-s-tal.Orlre a thin l~yer of ~ID4D2P04 h~s been depo;ited the sol~iticn is aSain ch~n~ecl t)~e~ tc- ~IH4H~Pn4 ~ncl -the ~r;Jl~ttl ~ - Al lowed to ~ rcntinue.l~le now h~ e a cr-~st~l bal3 cAlly with two la~.~r-ers of Dewteriurn.
j~ This crystal is ttlerl cu-t i:-~ h~lf so -th~t b~e Pnly ha~e one thin lAyer per .~ cryst~l.Oy ~r~Jiny the thic~ne~ss of the l~-,er t~,e ~.rr,outl+ of -fu~iol-, rn3~ ~.r-contrtj1led.
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ne~t c~ne ~nUst be t~:er, that not tcc- ~P~e3it ~ uantit~, of the nellteriurn ~r~ fUSeS ~t once. ~c~r e~r~ gra~rn of ~euteriurtl th~t fuses to He r .~2~1 gr~r;,~
~F m~tter- is c~n~.~ertecd tc ener3y.

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Claims

Claims The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
(1) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in crystals of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate where the Hydrogen has been replaced by Deuterium.
(2) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in piezoelectric crystals and ceramics that have Hydrogen atoms adjacent to other Hydrogen atoms and where those Hydrogen atoms have been replaced by Deuterium atoms.
(3) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by controlling the ratio of Hydrogen to Deuterium in the manufacture of these crystals and ceramics.
(4) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by increasing or reducing the peaking voltage and by increasing or decreasing the length of duration of the voltage pulse.
(5) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by varying the crystal cut from maximum compression to minimum compression.
(6) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of ND4D2PO4 into a regular crystal of NH4H2PO:
by substituting a supersaturated solution of ND4D2PO4 for NH4H2PO4 partway during the growth of the regular crystal.
(7) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned on Claim (2) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of Deuterium substituted for Hydrogen crystal onto a regular piezoelectric crystal.
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