CA2024609A1 - Piezoelectric fusion of deuterium - Google Patents
Piezoelectric fusion of deuteriumInfo
- Publication number
- CA2024609A1 CA2024609A1 CA 2024609 CA2024609A CA2024609A1 CA 2024609 A1 CA2024609 A1 CA 2024609A1 CA 2024609 CA2024609 CA 2024609 CA 2024609 A CA2024609 A CA 2024609A CA 2024609 A1 CA2024609 A1 CA 2024609A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fusion
- deuterium
- crystal
- piezoelectric
- regulated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 125000004431 deuterium atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- UOACKFBJUYNSLK-XRKIENNPSA-N Estradiol Cypionate Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H](C4=CC=C(O)C=C4CC3)CC[C@@]21C)C(=O)CCC1CCCC1 UOACKFBJUYNSLK-XRKIENNPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000027294 Fusi Species 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Landscapes
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract It is known that certain crystals and ceramics produce electricity when compressed or stretched, and conversely when electricity is applied to them they compress or expand depending on polarity. This is known as the Piezoelectric Effect. When Deuterium is substituted for Hydrogen in the molecules of certain crystals and suitably high and quick voltage pulse is applied to the ends of the crystal the crystal constricts or expands and causes adjacent Deuterium atoms to fuse and release great quantities of heat.
Description
2 ~
I s' ~
I r 1 C .^, Tt i~ inur-i-.t iC!;i iii. fc~r ; ',f~ Pie~O~ ti~ iC FU;. IC~' O j Dut~ iU~
qts ,rr,o r, i u r~l L~ o ~3 r- F, PJ, .J S P ~ t ~ 2 !~ ;-, P 1 ~ ~ O ~ I ~ C i~ 1- i C
cryst~ l .G3euter iur-i i.- s~it.-. i i I u tr a fru~ d.-s3en in the m3nu-f i-.c 3tur ir,~
proc~-~ c3rr firf,rilon iiirn Difu .irr-ge,i Pho-pr,atr~ ;D~32PD-~` .D.-$ stal.-~ ~ f- th is ~ lt --re then ~- ow-~. r~r,d u1 . Ele~tro--ies cf ~old o3- si 1 ue~ e t7,en u.~cuurf, pls~t-d on3;o the r*nri~ oF tf~e crs -t-l .1~he e.-$~~-tal is thei; imff~et-sc~d il~, a ti igt, h A t L -3F ~ ity j-~r,3-~ co.-,dur t in~J o i I to F - e~ - the -,- Y t.A1 f F Oh-!
shat ter ir,~ aild 'co riF- ij.w .~ai~ tt,e ne_ ~ tair, t t,eat f f 4rif, tt:e pr oc ~s5 ~ . fr'1 t,r i f pu3se ~Pprrj~ I.'l,f3f~ f~ 1.secQn' dur~tion~ i3it3n rni~.xirr;urn uolt~5e ap,ro:~ir.,-r~t1$
50 ,J3el~ ~o l-ts i_ the5~ ~.ppl ieri ' o the electt odes or, tt,ei erlri- of ~he rY-t 31 .
~orr,e of tsh! 3~-itu-tes iun, 3rtoms ir, the cr~st.3.1 ~r-e the,-, $r~-~ ed ~.gain5t ectrh other 3Jittl sufi'ii-lrlt f-3t-re ~o o~erriorr,e tt:e Coulumt~ repul5ion an~d -fui;f-The re51.l1t~r,t t,e-tt is thr*n dr.3.wn 3~ ;3.y tJ~ mr;n5 ofr he3t e~ han~3~ rs ~nd {ar, t,e use tr- r ur, tur t3 ins ~r, etc ~
The ratc* c/f fuii.ior, oF ~.3ceu~cer iur~, ~t-:.rn- rr,~.~i .3e regulated tJ j~ rionl:ru}l i"_3 -thr: per-cer,t~t~e of H~,dr-o~jj-ien to Jeutri- iurf, irl the rr,~r,ufatur-c oS.- 3.rr,moni3. -3.nc3 ~i5c3 ir, -tt,r- mAr,u-Fi--ture of pt,r3~P.-30rc-~ ac id. The tl~--3 Fre--Ur~-rs c f hmrr,cniurr D Ih~dr c,~en pho5Fd-l~te .
Tt,e r~te o4 fuslcn ma~,~ also t3e 3 r-~ulr3.ted ;y ccrlt:-oll ing tt,r* pr~i-;in~3 olt~ge arlcd rrc3uc in5 rJ7- incrr*.~.sins tl,e ler,3ht of tirne cf the ~olta3e ~ulse .
...
!~
The rate o4 4usion rh~- 31sc- ~3e i~egulateci l~y ~IAryin~ th~ r~st31 cut frorn m~> irnurr, cornpr~ssioi-, to rninirnurr, corr,pre~-.3ior, A
The rate clf fusi~n rnay ~Iso be roi-,tr~ scl by grc~in~ ~- thirl sAndwich er cf ~1~4DZP04 onto A rb~ular cr~stal of ~ i4Hi'P04 by suos-titutii-~ a supe:r-~ s~tur~ited ~olution cf ~J~D~i-n~ -fcr i'~JH4H2P04 p~rtw~ cluiir,~ the 3ncwth of ; ~ the ne~ular {r~-s-tal.Orlre a thin l~yer of ~ID4D2P04 h~s been depo;ited the sol~iticn is aSain ch~n~ecl t)~e~ tc- ~IH4H~Pn4 ~ncl -the ~r;Jl~ttl ~ - Al lowed to ~ rcntinue.l~le now h~ e a cr-~st~l bal3 cAlly with two la~.~r-ers of Dewteriurn.
j~ This crystal is ttlerl cu-t i:-~ h~lf so -th~t b~e Pnly ha~e one thin lAyer per .~ cryst~l.Oy ~r~Jiny the thic~ne~ss of the l~-,er t~,e ~.rr,outl+ of -fu~iol-, rn3~ ~.r-contrtj1led.
i~. i .
ne~t c~ne ~nUst be t~:er, that not tcc- ~P~e3it ~ uantit~, of the nellteriurn ~r~ fUSeS ~t once. ~c~r e~r~ gra~rn of ~euteriurtl th~t fuses to He r .~2~1 gr~r;,~
~F m~tter- is c~n~.~ertecd tc ener3y.
i .
.
, ~;
r ,:~
I s' ~
I r 1 C .^, Tt i~ inur-i-.t iC!;i iii. fc~r ; ',f~ Pie~O~ ti~ iC FU;. IC~' O j Dut~ iU~
qts ,rr,o r, i u r~l L~ o ~3 r- F, PJ, .J S P ~ t ~ 2 !~ ;-, P 1 ~ ~ O ~ I ~ C i~ 1- i C
cryst~ l .G3euter iur-i i.- s~it.-. i i I u tr a fru~ d.-s3en in the m3nu-f i-.c 3tur ir,~
proc~-~ c3rr firf,rilon iiirn Difu .irr-ge,i Pho-pr,atr~ ;D~32PD-~` .D.-$ stal.-~ ~ f- th is ~ lt --re then ~- ow-~. r~r,d u1 . Ele~tro--ies cf ~old o3- si 1 ue~ e t7,en u.~cuurf, pls~t-d on3;o the r*nri~ oF tf~e crs -t-l .1~he e.-$~~-tal is thei; imff~et-sc~d il~, a ti igt, h A t L -3F ~ ity j-~r,3-~ co.-,dur t in~J o i I to F - e~ - the -,- Y t.A1 f F Oh-!
shat ter ir,~ aild 'co riF- ij.w .~ai~ tt,e ne_ ~ tair, t t,eat f f 4rif, tt:e pr oc ~s5 ~ . fr'1 t,r i f pu3se ~Pprrj~ I.'l,f3f~ f~ 1.secQn' dur~tion~ i3it3n rni~.xirr;urn uolt~5e ap,ro:~ir.,-r~t1$
50 ,J3el~ ~o l-ts i_ the5~ ~.ppl ieri ' o the electt odes or, tt,ei erlri- of ~he rY-t 31 .
~orr,e of tsh! 3~-itu-tes iun, 3rtoms ir, the cr~st.3.1 ~r-e the,-, $r~-~ ed ~.gain5t ectrh other 3Jittl sufi'ii-lrlt f-3t-re ~o o~erriorr,e tt:e Coulumt~ repul5ion an~d -fui;f-The re51.l1t~r,t t,e-tt is thr*n dr.3.wn 3~ ;3.y tJ~ mr;n5 ofr he3t e~ han~3~ rs ~nd {ar, t,e use tr- r ur, tur t3 ins ~r, etc ~
The ratc* c/f fuii.ior, oF ~.3ceu~cer iur~, ~t-:.rn- rr,~.~i .3e regulated tJ j~ rionl:ru}l i"_3 -thr: per-cer,t~t~e of H~,dr-o~jj-ien to Jeutri- iurf, irl the rr,~r,ufatur-c oS.- 3.rr,moni3. -3.nc3 ~i5c3 ir, -tt,r- mAr,u-Fi--ture of pt,r3~P.-30rc-~ ac id. The tl~--3 Fre--Ur~-rs c f hmrr,cniurr D Ih~dr c,~en pho5Fd-l~te .
Tt,e r~te o4 fuslcn ma~,~ also t3e 3 r-~ulr3.ted ;y ccrlt:-oll ing tt,r* pr~i-;in~3 olt~ge arlcd rrc3uc in5 rJ7- incrr*.~.sins tl,e ler,3ht of tirne cf the ~olta3e ~ulse .
...
!~
The rate o4 4usion rh~- 31sc- ~3e i~egulateci l~y ~IAryin~ th~ r~st31 cut frorn m~> irnurr, cornpr~ssioi-, to rninirnurr, corr,pre~-.3ior, A
The rate clf fusi~n rnay ~Iso be roi-,tr~ scl by grc~in~ ~- thirl sAndwich er cf ~1~4DZP04 onto A rb~ular cr~stal of ~ i4Hi'P04 by suos-titutii-~ a supe:r-~ s~tur~ited ~olution cf ~J~D~i-n~ -fcr i'~JH4H2P04 p~rtw~ cluiir,~ the 3ncwth of ; ~ the ne~ular {r~-s-tal.Orlre a thin l~yer of ~ID4D2P04 h~s been depo;ited the sol~iticn is aSain ch~n~ecl t)~e~ tc- ~IH4H~Pn4 ~ncl -the ~r;Jl~ttl ~ - Al lowed to ~ rcntinue.l~le now h~ e a cr-~st~l bal3 cAlly with two la~.~r-ers of Dewteriurn.
j~ This crystal is ttlerl cu-t i:-~ h~lf so -th~t b~e Pnly ha~e one thin lAyer per .~ cryst~l.Oy ~r~Jiny the thic~ne~ss of the l~-,er t~,e ~.rr,outl+ of -fu~iol-, rn3~ ~.r-contrtj1led.
i~. i .
ne~t c~ne ~nUst be t~:er, that not tcc- ~P~e3it ~ uantit~, of the nellteriurn ~r~ fUSeS ~t once. ~c~r e~r~ gra~rn of ~euteriurtl th~t fuses to He r .~2~1 gr~r;,~
~F m~tter- is c~n~.~ertecd tc ener3y.
i .
.
, ~;
r ,:~
Claims
Claims The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
(1) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in crystals of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate where the Hydrogen has been replaced by Deuterium.
(2) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in piezoelectric crystals and ceramics that have Hydrogen atoms adjacent to other Hydrogen atoms and where those Hydrogen atoms have been replaced by Deuterium atoms.
(3) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by controlling the ratio of Hydrogen to Deuterium in the manufacture of these crystals and ceramics.
(4) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by increasing or reducing the peaking voltage and by increasing or decreasing the length of duration of the voltage pulse.
(5) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by varying the crystal cut from maximum compression to minimum compression.
(6) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of ND4D2PO4 into a regular crystal of NH4H2PO:
by substituting a supersaturated solution of ND4D2PO4 for NH4H2PO4 partway during the growth of the regular crystal.
(7) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned on Claim (2) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of Deuterium substituted for Hydrogen crystal onto a regular piezoelectric crystal.
may
(1) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in crystals of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate where the Hydrogen has been replaced by Deuterium.
(2) Piezoelectric fusion of Deuterium in piezoelectric crystals and ceramics that have Hydrogen atoms adjacent to other Hydrogen atoms and where those Hydrogen atoms have been replaced by Deuterium atoms.
(3) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by controlling the ratio of Hydrogen to Deuterium in the manufacture of these crystals and ceramics.
(4) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by increasing or reducing the peaking voltage and by increasing or decreasing the length of duration of the voltage pulse.
(5) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) and Claim (2) may be regulated by varying the crystal cut from maximum compression to minimum compression.
(6) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned in Claim (1) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of ND4D2PO4 into a regular crystal of NH4H2PO:
by substituting a supersaturated solution of ND4D2PO4 for NH4H2PO4 partway during the growth of the regular crystal.
(7) The rate of fusion of the process mentioned on Claim (2) may be regulated by growing a thin sandwich layer of Deuterium substituted for Hydrogen crystal onto a regular piezoelectric crystal.
may
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2024609 CA2024609A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Piezoelectric fusion of deuterium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2024609 CA2024609A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Piezoelectric fusion of deuterium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2024609A1 true CA2024609A1 (en) | 1992-03-06 |
Family
ID=4145893
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2024609 Abandoned CA2024609A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 | 1990-09-05 | Piezoelectric fusion of deuterium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2024609A1 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-09-05 CA CA 2024609 patent/CA2024609A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |