CA2022365A1 - Apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin - Google Patents
Apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resinInfo
- Publication number
- CA2022365A1 CA2022365A1 CA 2022365 CA2022365A CA2022365A1 CA 2022365 A1 CA2022365 A1 CA 2022365A1 CA 2022365 CA2022365 CA 2022365 CA 2022365 A CA2022365 A CA 2022365A CA 2022365 A1 CA2022365 A1 CA 2022365A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- synthetic resin
- volume
- shaft
- reducing
- tapered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FSVJFNAIGNNGKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[cyclohexyl(oxo)methyl]-3,6,7,11b-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one Chemical compound C1C(C2=CC=CC=C2CC2)N2C(=O)CN1C(=O)C1CCCCC1 FSVJFNAIGNNGKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101150036453 sur-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/832—Heating
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin com-prises a cylinder having a volume reducing cylinder section and a pushing cylinder section, a driving shaft having a tapered shaft and a screw shaft, and a motor for driving the driving shaft.
The volume reducing cylinder section has a tapered heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area gradually increasing toward its open end. The tapered heat gen-erating and volume reducing opening portion contains therein a tapered shaft having a tapered shape gradually extending in the synthetic resin delivery direction. The screw shaft is mounted so as to be movable in the axial direction, and moving the screw shaft in the axial direction, the space between the heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion is controlled.
The screw shaft feeds synthetic resin into the volume reduc-ing cylinder section, and the volume reducing cylinder section and the tapered shaft reduce the volume of the synthetic resin and discharge the same.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin com-prises a cylinder having a volume reducing cylinder section and a pushing cylinder section, a driving shaft having a tapered shaft and a screw shaft, and a motor for driving the driving shaft.
The volume reducing cylinder section has a tapered heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area gradually increasing toward its open end. The tapered heat gen-erating and volume reducing opening portion contains therein a tapered shaft having a tapered shape gradually extending in the synthetic resin delivery direction. The screw shaft is mounted so as to be movable in the axial direction, and moving the screw shaft in the axial direction, the space between the heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion is controlled.
The screw shaft feeds synthetic resin into the volume reduc-ing cylinder section, and the volume reducing cylinder section and the tapered shaft reduce the volume of the synthetic resin and discharge the same.
Description
~2~
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE VOLUME OF SYNTHETIC RESIN
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin for reusing the , same.
Nowadays, an extremely large amount of waste synthetic resin come into existence. And the amount is remarkably increasing.
Most of waste synthetic resin is burnt and disposed. An in-cinerator used for burning waste synthetic resin has a short life, and therefore the cost of burning waste synthetic resin be-comes high. Further, some kinds of synthetic resin generates poison gases when they are burnt.
A part of used synthetic resin is reused for molding reformed products. Waste synthetic resin is reused after washing soiled waste synthetic resin, melting the same and molding the same into pellets. This method for reusing waste synthetic resin is disadvantageous in that a high cost is needed for processing waste synthetic resin into pellets.
In order to effectively reuse an extremely large amount of waste synthetic resin, it is very important to reduce the volume of the same at of a low cost. The volume reduced waste synthetic resin can be remolded by a molding apparatus.
An apparatus in which waste synthetic resin is pushed into a cylinder having a tapered head end and thereby the volume of the waste synthetic resin is reduced has been developed (Japanese ~ ~h3 ~
Published Unexamined Patent Application No.82879/1986). In this apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin, the head end portion of the cylinder is heated for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin pushed therethrough. In this apparatus, waste synthetic resin is pushed into a cylinder by a piston, melted by heating at the head end portion of the cylinder and then discharged in the volume-reduced state out of the cylinder.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having the abovementioned construction requires a large amount of heat energy for heating the cylinder to a high temperature. Therefore, the apparatus has a disadvantage of requiring a high running cost.
For eliminating this disadvantage, an apparatus for melting synthetic resin by self heat generation of the synthetic resin has been developed (Japanese Published Unexanined Utility Model Application No.22340/1987). In this apparatus, a cylinder con-tains therein a screw shaft for pushing the waste synthetic resin toward the head end of the cylinder, and further, the head end opening portion of the cylinder is tapered to be thin and the heat is generated from the waste synthetic resin by the friction heat. Furthermore, the head end of the screw shaft has a shape of decreasing the delivery amount of the synthetic resin so as to increase the calorific value of the waste synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having such a construction has an advantage of decreasing the heat energy used for heating the cylinder. However, the ap-paratus cannot efficiently reduce the volume of all kinds ofthermoplastic synthetic resln. It is because the calorific value remarkably changes with the kind and the water content of the synthetic resin.
Eurther, when synthetic resin having a high water content is used in an apparatus having such a construction, there is a danger of occurrence of explosion. The explosion is caused by that the water contained in the waste synthetic resin is expanded by evaporation at one time in the volume reducing cylinder section. Therefore, such an apparatus has a disadvantage that it cannot safely reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having a high water content.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been developed in order to eliminate abovementioned disadvantages of the conventional volume reducing apparatus.
An important ob~ect of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin, which can decrease the heat energy used for heating a cylinder, and reduce the volume of almost all kinds of thermoplastic synthetic resin at the most adequate heat generating condition.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin ac-cording to the present invention is most suitable for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing -the volume of synthetic resin ac-cording to the present invention comprises a cylinder, a driving ~ ~ 2 ~
shaft rotatably provided in the cylinder, a head stock for sup-porting the head end of the driving shaft, and a motor for rotat-ing the driving shaft. The cylinder comprises a volume reducing cylinder section for reducing the volume of synthetic resin by heating the same and a pushing cylinder section for pushing the synthetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section. The volume reducing cylinder section reduces the volume of the syn-thetic resin by the self heat generation of the synthetic resin.
The volume reducing cylinder section is constructed to control the heating condition according to the kind of the synthetic resin. For this purpose, the volume reducing cylinder section has a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area increasing toward its open end. A
tapered shaft of the driving shaft is contained in the heat gen-erating and volume reducing opening portion. The tapered shaft has a tapered shape gradually extending in the delivery direction of the synthetic resin so that the space between the outer sur-face of the tapered shaft and the inner wall of the heat gener-ating and the volume reducing opening portion can be controlled by the movement of the tapered shaft in the axial direction. The tapered shaft is mounted on the head of stock. The head stock is constructed to control the tapered shaft and the heat generating and the volume reducing opening portion by moving the tapered shaft in the axial direction. The screw shaft feeds the syn-thetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section, and the synthetic resin fed into the volume reducing cylinder section is volume-reduced by the volume reducing cylinder section and the 2 ~
tapered shaft and then discharged out.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematical sectional view of an embodiment of an apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is a side view showing another embodiment of a tapered shaft.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be now described in the following with reference to the appended drawings.
An embodiment of an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin according to the present invention is shown in the schematical sectional view of FIG. 1 and the perspective view of FIG. 2. The apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin comprises a cylinder 1, a driving shaft 2 rotatably provided in the cylinder 1, a head stock 3 for supporting the head end of the driving shaft 3, and a motor for rotating the driving shaft 3.
The cylinder 1 comprises a volume reducing cylinder section 1A for reducing the volume of synthetic resin by heating the syn-thetic resin and a pushing cylinder section 1B for pushing the synthetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section 1A, the ~`~6~
volume reducing cylinder section 1A and the pushing cylinder sec-tion 1B being connected in a series.
An upper portion of the pushing cylinder section 1B is opened to define an inlet opening 8 for feeding synthetic resin into the pushing cylinder section 1s. Inside the pushing cylinder section 1B, a screw shaft 5 and a rotary cutter 10 are arranged in the same horizontal plan. Therefore, the pushing cylinder section 1B is formed in a cylindrical shape capable of containing therein the two shafts, namely, the screw shaft 5 and the rotary cutter 10.
The screw shaft 5 is rotatably provided in the pushing cylinder section 1B. The screw shaft 5 is rotated by the motor 4, thereby pushingly delivering the synthetic resin which is fed through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1Bo Therefore, a spiral fin 9 is provided on the outer circumferen-tial surface of the screw shaft 5.
The rotary cutter 10 disposed in parallel with the screw shaft 5 cuts into pieces, in cooperation with the screw shaft 5, the synthetic resin which is fed through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1B and pushingly delivers the syn-thetic resin to the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. There-fore a plurality of longitudinally elongated ridges 11 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotary cut-ter 10, so that the whole of each ridge is formed in a spline-like shape. The head edge of the ridge, namely, the peak edge of the pro~ected part is in contact with or extremely close to the head edge of the fin 9 provided on the screw shaft 5, so that the ~ 3~ ~
synthetic resin is put and cut between the fin 9 of the screw shaft 5 and the ridges 11 of the rotary cutter 10. Though not shown, the rotary cutter 10 may be provided thereon with a number of shorter projections arranged in the longitudinally elongated state in zigzag manner, instead of the abovementioned spline-like ridges.
The rotary cutter 10 and the screw shaft 5 are rotated in the reverse directions with respect to each other so as to hold and cut the synthetic resin therebetween. In the apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutter 10 and the screw shaft 5 are rotated through a gear 12 in the reverse directions with respect to each other.
The inner shape of the pushing cylinder section 1s is so formed that the head edge of the fin 9 of the screw shaft 5 and the head edge of the ridge 11 of the rotary cutter 10 come close to the inner wall of the pushing cylinder 1B with a space of, for example, 0.1 to 5.0 mm width between each of the head edges and the inner wall.
Accordingly to the present invention, as abovementioned, the pushing cylinder section 1B containing therein a screw shaft 5 and a rotary cutter 10 disposed in parallel with each other can cut the supplied synthetic resin into pieces and pushingly delivers the same to the volume reducing cylinder section 1A.
Accordingly, according to the present invention, synthetic resin in the shapes of a long string, a sheet or a bag and the like can be supplied without changing the shape into the pushing cylinder section 1B and further, the synthetic resin in the various shapes can be cut into shapes capable of being effectively rubbed together in the next step of the operation.
However, according to some kinds and shapes of the synthetic resin, a rotary cutter is not necessarily required, and the syn-thetic resin can be pushedly delivered into the volume reducing cylinder section only by a screw cylinder and a cylinder-shaped pushing cylinder section capable of containing the screw cylinder therein with a small space between the surface of the screw cylinder and the inner wall of the pushing cylinder section.
The rear end portion of the screw shaft 5 is connected to the speed reduction motor 4 and rotatively driven by the motor 4.
Preferably, a water outlet opening (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the rear end portion of the pushing cylinder section 1B. By providing such a water outlet opening there, when a synthetic resin having a high water content is supplied, the water contained in the synthetic resin can be removed through the water outlet opening and the synthetic resin having a low water content can be fed into the volume reducing cylinder section.
The volume reducing cylinder 1A is connected to the head end of the pushing cylinder section 1B. The volume reducing cylinder section is constructed to reducing the volume of the synthetic resin and discharging the synthetic resin out of the cylinder 1.
In order to control the heat generating reaction of the waste synthetic resin according to the kind and the water content of the waste synthetic resin, the volume reducing cylinder sec-tion 1A is provided with a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion 7 the sectional area of which gradually increases toward -the open end thereof.
The heat generating and volume reducing opening portion 7 is provided with a longitudinally elongated groove (not shown). By providing such a groove, the synthetic resin can be prevented from being slipped and therefore can be less rotated by the screw shaft 5. The synthetic resin not rotated together with the screw shaft 5 in the heat generating and volume reducing opening por-tion 7 can efficiently generate heat of itself by the rotating screw shaft 5.
A tapered shaft 6 is contained in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. The tapered shaft 6 is rotated together with the screw shaft 5, and at the same time the tapered shaft 6 is so connected to the screw shaft 5 as to be movable in the lon-gitudinal direction with respect to the screw shaft 5.
Accordingly, a square hole is provided in a portion of the tapered screw 6 on the side of the connection with the screw shaft 5. And a square pillar adapted to be slidably inserted into the square hole is fixed on the head end portion of the screw shaft 5.
With the square pillar of the screw shaft 5 being inserted into the square hole of the tapered shaft 6, the tapered shaft 6 is rotated by the screw shaft 5. As the tapered shaft 6 moves in the axial direction, the depth of the insertion of the square pillar into the square hole changes.
The tapered shaft 6 is connected linearly with respect to the screw shaft 5.
A longitudinally elongated ridge 13 is provided on the sur-2 ~ 3~
face of the tapered shaft 6. The ridge 13 functions to lessenthe slip of the synthetic resin. Therefore, the tapered shaft 6 provided with a ridge 13 is advantageous in that it can effec-tively rub the synthetic resin together to effect self heat gen-eration of the synthetic resin.
As abovementioned, by providing a groove in the heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion 7 and providing a ridge 13 on the tapered shaft 6, the volume of the synthetic resin can most efficiently reduced by the self heat generation of the syn-thetic resin.
Instead of the abovementioned long ridge on the surface of the tapered shaft 6, longitudinally elongated shorter projections 14 may be provided in the somewhat spaced state with one another as shown in FIG. 3.
The tapered shaft 6 and the screw shaft 5 constitute the driving shaft 2.
The tapered shaft 6 is carried by the head stock 3. The tapered shaft 6 moves together with the head stock 3 in the axial direction. Therefore, the tapered shaft 6 is carried by the head stock 3 rotatably but unmovably is the axial direction. A shaft portion projecting at the head end of the tapered shaft 6 is carried through a bearing by the head stock 3.
The head stock 3 is fitted to a platform so as to be movable in the axial direction of the volume reducing cylinder 1A and to be capable of being fixed at a changed position. Accordingly, the head stock 3 is slidably connected to a guide provided on the platform.
~ ~ 2 ~
The head stock 3 is fixed through a setscrew (not shown) onto the platform so as to be stopped at a changed position.
Otherwise, though not shown, the head stock 3 can be connected through a nut and a screw bolt to the platform so as to be slidable in the axial direction. In this case, the nut is fixed on the head stock 3 and the screw bolt is provided on the platform. The screw bolt is carried in the elongated state in the axial direction of the cylinder 1 and is held in its place with the nut. With this structure, the head stock 3 is movable in the axial direction by rotating the nut.
The head stock 3 controls the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder 1A by moving the tapered shaft 6. By moving the head stock 3 close to the cylinder 1 and inserting the tapered shaft 6 deeply in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow. On the contrary, by moving the head stock 3 apart from the cylinder 1, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes wide.
When the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow, the synthetic resin is rubbed together in the strongly pressed state in the narrow space. As a result, the synthetic resin has a large calorific power, so that the waste synthetic resin having a high melting point or a high water content can be completely melted at a high temperature.
When the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume 7P ~
reducing cylinder section 1A is controlled to be wide, the was,e synthetic resin is less pressed and the calorific value becomes smaller. Accordingly, this condition is most suitable for treat-ing the waste synthetic resin having a low melting point or a low water content. In this condition, the volume of the synthetic resin discharged for a unit time becomes large.
Accordingly, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A is controlled according to the kind and water content of the supplied synthetic resin so as to obtain most adequate calorific value and treating amount.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin according to the present invention is constructed to reduce the volume of the synthetic resin by the self heat generating ac-tion of the synthetic resin. Therefore, in this apparatus, it is not always necessary to provide a heating means such as a heater in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. However, it is need-less to say that a heater may be provided in the volume reducing cylinder section lA. If a heater is provided there, the heating capacity of the heater can be decreased because of the self heat generating action of the synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having the abovementioned structure reduces the volume of the waste synthetic resin and discharge the waste synthetic resin in the following operation.
(1) A synthetic resin such as a waste synthetic resin is supplied through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1B.
(2) The synthetic resin supplied in the pushing cylinder section 2 ~
1s is pushed and delivered in the forward direction by the rotat-ing screw shaft 5.
(3~ The synthetic resin pushed and delivered from the pushing cylinder section 1B into the volume reducing cylinder section 1A
generates heat of itself due to the friction heat of the volume reducing cylinder section 1A.
The synthetic resin generates heat of itself in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A because the synthetic resin is delivered with being rubbed together and pressed against the in-ner wall of the volume reducing cylinder section 1B by the rotating tapered shaft 6.
The calorific value of the synthetic resin can be controlled by charging the space between the inner wall of the volume reduc-ing cylinder section 1A and the outer surface of the tapered shaft 6. By reducing the width of the abovementioned space, the synthetic resin is strongly pressed and the calorific value of the synthetic resin increases. On the contrary, by widening that space, the pushing and friction force of the synthetic resin is lowered and the calorific value thereof decreases.
The space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reduc-ing cylinder section 1A is controlling by moving the head stock 3. When the tapered shaft 6 is put close to the screw shaft by moving the head stock 3, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow. On the contrary, by separating the head stock 3 apart from the screw shaft 5, the space becomes wide.
In an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic 9 ~
resin according to the present invention, it is not necessary to completely melt the synthetic resin in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. The volume of the waste synthetic resin can be sufficiently reduced by half or party melting the same.
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE VOLUME OF SYNTHETIC RESIN
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin for reusing the , same.
Nowadays, an extremely large amount of waste synthetic resin come into existence. And the amount is remarkably increasing.
Most of waste synthetic resin is burnt and disposed. An in-cinerator used for burning waste synthetic resin has a short life, and therefore the cost of burning waste synthetic resin be-comes high. Further, some kinds of synthetic resin generates poison gases when they are burnt.
A part of used synthetic resin is reused for molding reformed products. Waste synthetic resin is reused after washing soiled waste synthetic resin, melting the same and molding the same into pellets. This method for reusing waste synthetic resin is disadvantageous in that a high cost is needed for processing waste synthetic resin into pellets.
In order to effectively reuse an extremely large amount of waste synthetic resin, it is very important to reduce the volume of the same at of a low cost. The volume reduced waste synthetic resin can be remolded by a molding apparatus.
An apparatus in which waste synthetic resin is pushed into a cylinder having a tapered head end and thereby the volume of the waste synthetic resin is reduced has been developed (Japanese ~ ~h3 ~
Published Unexamined Patent Application No.82879/1986). In this apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin, the head end portion of the cylinder is heated for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin pushed therethrough. In this apparatus, waste synthetic resin is pushed into a cylinder by a piston, melted by heating at the head end portion of the cylinder and then discharged in the volume-reduced state out of the cylinder.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having the abovementioned construction requires a large amount of heat energy for heating the cylinder to a high temperature. Therefore, the apparatus has a disadvantage of requiring a high running cost.
For eliminating this disadvantage, an apparatus for melting synthetic resin by self heat generation of the synthetic resin has been developed (Japanese Published Unexanined Utility Model Application No.22340/1987). In this apparatus, a cylinder con-tains therein a screw shaft for pushing the waste synthetic resin toward the head end of the cylinder, and further, the head end opening portion of the cylinder is tapered to be thin and the heat is generated from the waste synthetic resin by the friction heat. Furthermore, the head end of the screw shaft has a shape of decreasing the delivery amount of the synthetic resin so as to increase the calorific value of the waste synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having such a construction has an advantage of decreasing the heat energy used for heating the cylinder. However, the ap-paratus cannot efficiently reduce the volume of all kinds ofthermoplastic synthetic resln. It is because the calorific value remarkably changes with the kind and the water content of the synthetic resin.
Eurther, when synthetic resin having a high water content is used in an apparatus having such a construction, there is a danger of occurrence of explosion. The explosion is caused by that the water contained in the waste synthetic resin is expanded by evaporation at one time in the volume reducing cylinder section. Therefore, such an apparatus has a disadvantage that it cannot safely reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having a high water content.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been developed in order to eliminate abovementioned disadvantages of the conventional volume reducing apparatus.
An important ob~ect of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin, which can decrease the heat energy used for heating a cylinder, and reduce the volume of almost all kinds of thermoplastic synthetic resin at the most adequate heat generating condition.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin ac-cording to the present invention is most suitable for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing -the volume of synthetic resin ac-cording to the present invention comprises a cylinder, a driving ~ ~ 2 ~
shaft rotatably provided in the cylinder, a head stock for sup-porting the head end of the driving shaft, and a motor for rotat-ing the driving shaft. The cylinder comprises a volume reducing cylinder section for reducing the volume of synthetic resin by heating the same and a pushing cylinder section for pushing the synthetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section. The volume reducing cylinder section reduces the volume of the syn-thetic resin by the self heat generation of the synthetic resin.
The volume reducing cylinder section is constructed to control the heating condition according to the kind of the synthetic resin. For this purpose, the volume reducing cylinder section has a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area increasing toward its open end. A
tapered shaft of the driving shaft is contained in the heat gen-erating and volume reducing opening portion. The tapered shaft has a tapered shape gradually extending in the delivery direction of the synthetic resin so that the space between the outer sur-face of the tapered shaft and the inner wall of the heat gener-ating and the volume reducing opening portion can be controlled by the movement of the tapered shaft in the axial direction. The tapered shaft is mounted on the head of stock. The head stock is constructed to control the tapered shaft and the heat generating and the volume reducing opening portion by moving the tapered shaft in the axial direction. The screw shaft feeds the syn-thetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section, and the synthetic resin fed into the volume reducing cylinder section is volume-reduced by the volume reducing cylinder section and the 2 ~
tapered shaft and then discharged out.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematical sectional view of an embodiment of an apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is a side view showing another embodiment of a tapered shaft.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be now described in the following with reference to the appended drawings.
An embodiment of an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin according to the present invention is shown in the schematical sectional view of FIG. 1 and the perspective view of FIG. 2. The apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin comprises a cylinder 1, a driving shaft 2 rotatably provided in the cylinder 1, a head stock 3 for supporting the head end of the driving shaft 3, and a motor for rotating the driving shaft 3.
The cylinder 1 comprises a volume reducing cylinder section 1A for reducing the volume of synthetic resin by heating the syn-thetic resin and a pushing cylinder section 1B for pushing the synthetic resin into the volume reducing cylinder section 1A, the ~`~6~
volume reducing cylinder section 1A and the pushing cylinder sec-tion 1B being connected in a series.
An upper portion of the pushing cylinder section 1B is opened to define an inlet opening 8 for feeding synthetic resin into the pushing cylinder section 1s. Inside the pushing cylinder section 1B, a screw shaft 5 and a rotary cutter 10 are arranged in the same horizontal plan. Therefore, the pushing cylinder section 1B is formed in a cylindrical shape capable of containing therein the two shafts, namely, the screw shaft 5 and the rotary cutter 10.
The screw shaft 5 is rotatably provided in the pushing cylinder section 1B. The screw shaft 5 is rotated by the motor 4, thereby pushingly delivering the synthetic resin which is fed through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1Bo Therefore, a spiral fin 9 is provided on the outer circumferen-tial surface of the screw shaft 5.
The rotary cutter 10 disposed in parallel with the screw shaft 5 cuts into pieces, in cooperation with the screw shaft 5, the synthetic resin which is fed through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1B and pushingly delivers the syn-thetic resin to the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. There-fore a plurality of longitudinally elongated ridges 11 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotary cut-ter 10, so that the whole of each ridge is formed in a spline-like shape. The head edge of the ridge, namely, the peak edge of the pro~ected part is in contact with or extremely close to the head edge of the fin 9 provided on the screw shaft 5, so that the ~ 3~ ~
synthetic resin is put and cut between the fin 9 of the screw shaft 5 and the ridges 11 of the rotary cutter 10. Though not shown, the rotary cutter 10 may be provided thereon with a number of shorter projections arranged in the longitudinally elongated state in zigzag manner, instead of the abovementioned spline-like ridges.
The rotary cutter 10 and the screw shaft 5 are rotated in the reverse directions with respect to each other so as to hold and cut the synthetic resin therebetween. In the apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutter 10 and the screw shaft 5 are rotated through a gear 12 in the reverse directions with respect to each other.
The inner shape of the pushing cylinder section 1s is so formed that the head edge of the fin 9 of the screw shaft 5 and the head edge of the ridge 11 of the rotary cutter 10 come close to the inner wall of the pushing cylinder 1B with a space of, for example, 0.1 to 5.0 mm width between each of the head edges and the inner wall.
Accordingly to the present invention, as abovementioned, the pushing cylinder section 1B containing therein a screw shaft 5 and a rotary cutter 10 disposed in parallel with each other can cut the supplied synthetic resin into pieces and pushingly delivers the same to the volume reducing cylinder section 1A.
Accordingly, according to the present invention, synthetic resin in the shapes of a long string, a sheet or a bag and the like can be supplied without changing the shape into the pushing cylinder section 1B and further, the synthetic resin in the various shapes can be cut into shapes capable of being effectively rubbed together in the next step of the operation.
However, according to some kinds and shapes of the synthetic resin, a rotary cutter is not necessarily required, and the syn-thetic resin can be pushedly delivered into the volume reducing cylinder section only by a screw cylinder and a cylinder-shaped pushing cylinder section capable of containing the screw cylinder therein with a small space between the surface of the screw cylinder and the inner wall of the pushing cylinder section.
The rear end portion of the screw shaft 5 is connected to the speed reduction motor 4 and rotatively driven by the motor 4.
Preferably, a water outlet opening (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the rear end portion of the pushing cylinder section 1B. By providing such a water outlet opening there, when a synthetic resin having a high water content is supplied, the water contained in the synthetic resin can be removed through the water outlet opening and the synthetic resin having a low water content can be fed into the volume reducing cylinder section.
The volume reducing cylinder 1A is connected to the head end of the pushing cylinder section 1B. The volume reducing cylinder section is constructed to reducing the volume of the synthetic resin and discharging the synthetic resin out of the cylinder 1.
In order to control the heat generating reaction of the waste synthetic resin according to the kind and the water content of the waste synthetic resin, the volume reducing cylinder sec-tion 1A is provided with a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion 7 the sectional area of which gradually increases toward -the open end thereof.
The heat generating and volume reducing opening portion 7 is provided with a longitudinally elongated groove (not shown). By providing such a groove, the synthetic resin can be prevented from being slipped and therefore can be less rotated by the screw shaft 5. The synthetic resin not rotated together with the screw shaft 5 in the heat generating and volume reducing opening por-tion 7 can efficiently generate heat of itself by the rotating screw shaft 5.
A tapered shaft 6 is contained in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. The tapered shaft 6 is rotated together with the screw shaft 5, and at the same time the tapered shaft 6 is so connected to the screw shaft 5 as to be movable in the lon-gitudinal direction with respect to the screw shaft 5.
Accordingly, a square hole is provided in a portion of the tapered screw 6 on the side of the connection with the screw shaft 5. And a square pillar adapted to be slidably inserted into the square hole is fixed on the head end portion of the screw shaft 5.
With the square pillar of the screw shaft 5 being inserted into the square hole of the tapered shaft 6, the tapered shaft 6 is rotated by the screw shaft 5. As the tapered shaft 6 moves in the axial direction, the depth of the insertion of the square pillar into the square hole changes.
The tapered shaft 6 is connected linearly with respect to the screw shaft 5.
A longitudinally elongated ridge 13 is provided on the sur-2 ~ 3~
face of the tapered shaft 6. The ridge 13 functions to lessenthe slip of the synthetic resin. Therefore, the tapered shaft 6 provided with a ridge 13 is advantageous in that it can effec-tively rub the synthetic resin together to effect self heat gen-eration of the synthetic resin.
As abovementioned, by providing a groove in the heat gener-ating and volume reducing opening portion 7 and providing a ridge 13 on the tapered shaft 6, the volume of the synthetic resin can most efficiently reduced by the self heat generation of the syn-thetic resin.
Instead of the abovementioned long ridge on the surface of the tapered shaft 6, longitudinally elongated shorter projections 14 may be provided in the somewhat spaced state with one another as shown in FIG. 3.
The tapered shaft 6 and the screw shaft 5 constitute the driving shaft 2.
The tapered shaft 6 is carried by the head stock 3. The tapered shaft 6 moves together with the head stock 3 in the axial direction. Therefore, the tapered shaft 6 is carried by the head stock 3 rotatably but unmovably is the axial direction. A shaft portion projecting at the head end of the tapered shaft 6 is carried through a bearing by the head stock 3.
The head stock 3 is fitted to a platform so as to be movable in the axial direction of the volume reducing cylinder 1A and to be capable of being fixed at a changed position. Accordingly, the head stock 3 is slidably connected to a guide provided on the platform.
~ ~ 2 ~
The head stock 3 is fixed through a setscrew (not shown) onto the platform so as to be stopped at a changed position.
Otherwise, though not shown, the head stock 3 can be connected through a nut and a screw bolt to the platform so as to be slidable in the axial direction. In this case, the nut is fixed on the head stock 3 and the screw bolt is provided on the platform. The screw bolt is carried in the elongated state in the axial direction of the cylinder 1 and is held in its place with the nut. With this structure, the head stock 3 is movable in the axial direction by rotating the nut.
The head stock 3 controls the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder 1A by moving the tapered shaft 6. By moving the head stock 3 close to the cylinder 1 and inserting the tapered shaft 6 deeply in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow. On the contrary, by moving the head stock 3 apart from the cylinder 1, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes wide.
When the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow, the synthetic resin is rubbed together in the strongly pressed state in the narrow space. As a result, the synthetic resin has a large calorific power, so that the waste synthetic resin having a high melting point or a high water content can be completely melted at a high temperature.
When the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume 7P ~
reducing cylinder section 1A is controlled to be wide, the was,e synthetic resin is less pressed and the calorific value becomes smaller. Accordingly, this condition is most suitable for treat-ing the waste synthetic resin having a low melting point or a low water content. In this condition, the volume of the synthetic resin discharged for a unit time becomes large.
Accordingly, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A is controlled according to the kind and water content of the supplied synthetic resin so as to obtain most adequate calorific value and treating amount.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin according to the present invention is constructed to reduce the volume of the synthetic resin by the self heat generating ac-tion of the synthetic resin. Therefore, in this apparatus, it is not always necessary to provide a heating means such as a heater in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. However, it is need-less to say that a heater may be provided in the volume reducing cylinder section lA. If a heater is provided there, the heating capacity of the heater can be decreased because of the self heat generating action of the synthetic resin.
An apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic resin having the abovementioned structure reduces the volume of the waste synthetic resin and discharge the waste synthetic resin in the following operation.
(1) A synthetic resin such as a waste synthetic resin is supplied through the inlet opening 8 into the pushing cylinder section 1B.
(2) The synthetic resin supplied in the pushing cylinder section 2 ~
1s is pushed and delivered in the forward direction by the rotat-ing screw shaft 5.
(3~ The synthetic resin pushed and delivered from the pushing cylinder section 1B into the volume reducing cylinder section 1A
generates heat of itself due to the friction heat of the volume reducing cylinder section 1A.
The synthetic resin generates heat of itself in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A because the synthetic resin is delivered with being rubbed together and pressed against the in-ner wall of the volume reducing cylinder section 1B by the rotating tapered shaft 6.
The calorific value of the synthetic resin can be controlled by charging the space between the inner wall of the volume reduc-ing cylinder section 1A and the outer surface of the tapered shaft 6. By reducing the width of the abovementioned space, the synthetic resin is strongly pressed and the calorific value of the synthetic resin increases. On the contrary, by widening that space, the pushing and friction force of the synthetic resin is lowered and the calorific value thereof decreases.
The space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reduc-ing cylinder section 1A is controlling by moving the head stock 3. When the tapered shaft 6 is put close to the screw shaft by moving the head stock 3, the space between the tapered shaft 6 and the volume reducing cylinder section 1A becomes narrow. On the contrary, by separating the head stock 3 apart from the screw shaft 5, the space becomes wide.
In an apparatus for reducing the volume of waste synthetic 9 ~
resin according to the present invention, it is not necessary to completely melt the synthetic resin in the volume reducing cylinder section 1A. The volume of the waste synthetic resin can be sufficiently reduced by half or party melting the same.
(4) After the volume of the synthetic resin is reduced, the syn-thetic resin is discharged through the head end of the volume reducing cylinder section.
As avobementioned, an apparatus according to the present in-vention can most efficiently reduce the volume of various kinds of synthetic resin by controlling the position of the tapered shaft 6 by means of the head stock 3.
Further, according to the present invention, since the volume reduction of synthetic resin is effected by making use of the self heat generation of the synthetic resin, the heat energy necessary for the volume reduction can be decreased, thereby af-fording to lower the running cost of the apparatus.
Furthermore, an apparatus according to the present invention has an advantage that it can reduce the volume of a waste syn-thetic resin having a high water content safely and without caus-ing explosion. This advantage can be realized by most adequately controlling the heat generating condition of the synthetic resin according to the water content of the synthetic resin and by dis-charging the volume reduced synthetic resin through a circum-ferential long space between the volume reducing cylinder section and the tapered shaft. In other words, by controlling the tem-perature of the heat generation of the synthetic resin at a value not excessively high and by smoothly discharging the synthetic .. , .. ".. j { ~
resin through a long circumferential space, explosion owing to the expansion by evaporation of the water contained in the syn-thetic resin can be prevented from occurring.
Although the present invention has been fully described by way of an example with reference to the appended drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modification will be ap-parent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included.
As avobementioned, an apparatus according to the present in-vention can most efficiently reduce the volume of various kinds of synthetic resin by controlling the position of the tapered shaft 6 by means of the head stock 3.
Further, according to the present invention, since the volume reduction of synthetic resin is effected by making use of the self heat generation of the synthetic resin, the heat energy necessary for the volume reduction can be decreased, thereby af-fording to lower the running cost of the apparatus.
Furthermore, an apparatus according to the present invention has an advantage that it can reduce the volume of a waste syn-thetic resin having a high water content safely and without caus-ing explosion. This advantage can be realized by most adequately controlling the heat generating condition of the synthetic resin according to the water content of the synthetic resin and by dis-charging the volume reduced synthetic resin through a circum-ferential long space between the volume reducing cylinder section and the tapered shaft. In other words, by controlling the tem-perature of the heat generation of the synthetic resin at a value not excessively high and by smoothly discharging the synthetic .. , .. ".. j { ~
resin through a long circumferential space, explosion owing to the expansion by evaporation of the water contained in the syn-thetic resin can be prevented from occurring.
Although the present invention has been fully described by way of an example with reference to the appended drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modification will be ap-parent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included.
Claims (5)
1. An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin comprising;
a cylinder having a volume reducing cylinder section and a pushing cylinder, said volume reducing cylinder section being provided at the head end portion of said cylinder and having a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area gradually increasing toward its open end, and said pushing cylinder section having an inlet opening through which synthetic resin is supplied thereinto, a driving shaft rotatably provided in said cylinder and having a tapered shaft and a screw shaft, said tapered shaft being rotatably disposed in said volume reducing cylinder section and having a tapered shape gradually extending in the synthetic resin delivery direction, a head stock for mounting said tapered shaft on a platform, said head stock being fitted onto the platform so as to be allow-ing relative motion in the axial direction between said tapered shaft and said volume reducing cylinder section, and thereby al-lowing the spacing of said volume reducing opening portion, be-tween said tapered shaft and said volume reducing cylinder, to be regulated.
a motor for rotating said driving shaft.
a cylinder having a volume reducing cylinder section and a pushing cylinder, said volume reducing cylinder section being provided at the head end portion of said cylinder and having a tapered heat generating and volume reducing opening portion with its sectional area gradually increasing toward its open end, and said pushing cylinder section having an inlet opening through which synthetic resin is supplied thereinto, a driving shaft rotatably provided in said cylinder and having a tapered shaft and a screw shaft, said tapered shaft being rotatably disposed in said volume reducing cylinder section and having a tapered shape gradually extending in the synthetic resin delivery direction, a head stock for mounting said tapered shaft on a platform, said head stock being fitted onto the platform so as to be allow-ing relative motion in the axial direction between said tapered shaft and said volume reducing cylinder section, and thereby al-lowing the spacing of said volume reducing opening portion, be-tween said tapered shaft and said volume reducing cylinder, to be regulated.
a motor for rotating said driving shaft.
2. An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tapered shaft is connected to the head end of said screw shaft so that said tapered shaft is movable in the axial direction.
3. An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tapered shaft and said screw shaft are connected to each other in such a manner that they are movable in the axial direction but unrotatable with respect to each other, and said tapered shaft is rotated through said screw shaft rotated by said motor.
4. An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or a plurality of ridges are provided on the surface of said tapered shaft.
5. An apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein a spiral fin is provided on the sur-face of said screw shaft.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1199917A JPH0365284A (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1989-07-31 | Apparatus for reducing volume of waste synthetic resin |
| JP199917/1989 | 1989-07-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2022365A1 true CA2022365A1 (en) | 1991-02-01 |
Family
ID=16415751
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2022365 Abandoned CA2022365A1 (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1990-07-31 | Apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0365284A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2022365A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1240518B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5452492A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1995-09-26 | Hamilton; Robin | Material collection |
| US5611268A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1997-03-18 | Hamilton; Robin | Compactor with expanding and contracting nozzle |
-
1989
- 1989-07-31 JP JP1199917A patent/JPH0365284A/en active Granted
-
1990
- 1990-07-30 IT IT6760490A patent/IT1240518B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-07-31 CA CA 2022365 patent/CA2022365A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5452492A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1995-09-26 | Hamilton; Robin | Material collection |
| US5611268A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1997-03-18 | Hamilton; Robin | Compactor with expanding and contracting nozzle |
| US5768744A (en) * | 1992-09-26 | 1998-06-23 | Hamilton; Robin | Self-propelled waste collection vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1240518B (en) | 1993-12-17 |
| JPH0379076B2 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| IT9067604A1 (en) | 1992-01-30 |
| JPH0365284A (en) | 1991-03-20 |
| IT9067604A0 (en) | 1990-07-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19940201 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19940201 |