CA2017408A1 - Relating to gas burners - Google Patents
Relating to gas burnersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2017408A1 CA2017408A1 CA002017408A CA2017408A CA2017408A1 CA 2017408 A1 CA2017408 A1 CA 2017408A1 CA 002017408 A CA002017408 A CA 002017408A CA 2017408 A CA2017408 A CA 2017408A CA 2017408 A1 CA2017408 A1 CA 2017408A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- solid fuel
- gas burner
- gas
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000171022 Peltophorum pterocarpum Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
- F24C3/002—Stoves
- F24C3/006—Stoves simulating flames
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
- F23D14/08—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with axial outlets at the burner head
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
"IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO GAS BURNERS"
The present specification discloses a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel effect gas fire, the burner arrangement comprising a gas burner located in a combustion chamber directly under a simulated solid fuel element bed. The gas burner is arranged to burn gas which has been aerated with a primary quantity of air which is insufficient for complete combustion. Inlets are provided in the combustion chamber to allow a secondary quantity of air to be drawn into the combustion chamber, the secondary quantity of air being insufficient for complete combustion but sufficient to produce flames within the combustion chamber, which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel element bed to a temperature at which sooting by the flames impinging in the bed, is minimised. Thus as the combusting gases pass through apertures in the simulated solid fuel effect bed, they mix with the ambient air to complete combustion in the free air above the simulated solid fuel effect bed. This obviates the need for a chimney to carry away partially burnt gases.
"IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO GAS BURNERS"
The present specification discloses a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel effect gas fire, the burner arrangement comprising a gas burner located in a combustion chamber directly under a simulated solid fuel element bed. The gas burner is arranged to burn gas which has been aerated with a primary quantity of air which is insufficient for complete combustion. Inlets are provided in the combustion chamber to allow a secondary quantity of air to be drawn into the combustion chamber, the secondary quantity of air being insufficient for complete combustion but sufficient to produce flames within the combustion chamber, which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel element bed to a temperature at which sooting by the flames impinging in the bed, is minimised. Thus as the combusting gases pass through apertures in the simulated solid fuel effect bed, they mix with the ambient air to complete combustion in the free air above the simulated solid fuel effect bed. This obviates the need for a chimney to carry away partially burnt gases.
Description
2~74~8 DESCRIPTION
IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO GAS BURNERS
.
The present invention relates to a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel efféct gas fire.
In certain known solid fuel effect gas fires, one or more aerated gas burners provide the main heat and glow and these or a number of under aerated or neat gas burners provide the wispy flames which add visual realism to the fire but little heat. This type of known arrangement requires selective control of the various burners to achieve optimum performance in respect of heat output and visual effect, otherwise poor combustion and sooting could occur. However such known fires are inherently prone to sooting and Door combustion due to the impingement of the flames on the si~ulated solid fuel elements beneath which the burners are conventionally located. Generally these known fires are used with a heat exchanger and the products of combustion have to be vented out via a chimney. If purely a decorative fire the products of combustion are immediately vented out via a chimney.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a simple but high efficiency gas burner arrangement which can provide a visual effect with good combustion, allowing use in unvented and vented type appliances.
v ~
According to the present invention there is provided a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel effect gas fire, the burner arrangement comprising a gas burner located in a combustion chamber directly under a simulated solid fuel element bed, the gas burner being arranged to burn gas which has been aerated with a primary quantity of air, the combustion chamber having inlets through which a secondary quantity of air can be drawn into the combustion chamber to aid combustion within the combustion chamber, the simulated solid fuel element bed being provided with a number of apertures through which flames and gas/air mix can pass to mix with the ambient air and enable complete combustion to occur outside the combustion chamber above the simulated solid fuel element bed.
Preferably the burner used is a standard primary aerated strip type gas burner adjusted to give yellow tipped flames i.e. the quantity of primary air is insufficient for complete combustion to occur. The combustion chamber is preferably a rectangular open topped box configuration with the burner set in the base of the box, a simulated solid fuel effect construction ma~e, for example, from a ceramic material, with said apertures being located between the fuel elements, closing the top of the combustion chamber. Inlets for ~ ~ ~ r~ ~ ~3 8 secondary air are preferably located in the base region of the combustion chamber below the level of the outlet ports of the burner, and are designed to provide insufficient air for complete combustion to occur, but sufficient air to cause the gases to burn in the combustion chamber with flames which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel effect construction to a temperature at which sooting, i.e. depositing of carbon, by the flames impinging on the simulated solid fuel effect construction, is minimised. Excessive secondary air would result in yellow sooting flames below the simulated solid fuel effect construction. The balanced quantity of primary and secondary air is preferably sufficient to produce flames which are hot enough to make the solid fuel effect construction glow. Pref~rably the apertures in the solid fuel effect construction are of a size which results in the combustion chamber filling with burning gases, reverse air flow at the edges of the apertures being minimised. Thus as the combusting gases pass through the apertures in the simulated solid fuel effect construction, they mix with the ambient air and the combustion is completed with a yellow flame. As the final combustion takes place in free air and the flames do not imPinge on any obstructions, the combustion performance attains enhanced results. A chimney therefore may or may not be r~O8 provided or even required. Further, a heat exchanger may be provided if desired.
To facilitate ignition a pilot or ignition system may be provided in or adjacent to the combustion chamber. Further whilst a simplex burner allows the gas feed rate to be turned down to very low levels, a duplex type burner or two or more burners may of course be alternatively provided.
The burner arrangement of the present invention can thus be used to provide a visual effect without the paramount need for a chimney and thus the present invention may be used to advantage in, for example, a portable cabinet heater fed with bottled gas.
The present invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Fig.1 is a partially schematic cross-sectiona~ view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Fig.2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the preferred embodiment of Fig.1.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprises a burner arrangement 1 having a strip-like burner 3 which is arranged to burn gas aerated with a primary quantity of air, in a rectangular box-like combustion chamber 5.
The strip-like burner 3 is an elongate ribbon-type burner with an arrangement of outlet ports 3a in a generally horizontal upper surface 3b of the burner. The combustion chamber 5 is made of metal and has an open top which is closed over by a simulated solid fuel effect construction 7 which is made of a ceramic material and which has a number of apertures 13 between the simulated fuel elements 15. Alternatively, the combustion chamber can be completely made of a ceramic material.
The burner 3 is provided in the base 9 of the combustion chamber 5, directly beneath the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7. Alternatively a number of burners can be substituted. Also located in the base region 9 of the combustian chamber 5 below the level of the outlet ports 3a, are a number of elongate inlet apertures 11 for allowing a quantity of secondary dir to be drawn into the combustion chamber 5.
The burner 3 is designed so that the gas it burns is insufficiently aerated by the primary air to produce complete combustion i.e. the quantity of primary air is only sufficient to produce yellow tipped flames when the fuel effect 7 is not in position. A quantity of secondary air is thus drawn into the combustion chamber 5 via the inlet apertures 11, though this is ~7~8 insufficient to complete combustion but sufficient to cause the gases to burn in the combustion chamber S with flames which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7 to a temperature at which sooting by the flames impinging on the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7, is minimised. The combusting gases pass through the apertures 13 in the simulated fuel effect construction 7 the apertures 13 being of a size such that the combustion chamber 5 is filled with burning gases and reverse air flow around the edges of the apertures 13 is minimised. As the combusting gases pass through the apertures 13 they mix with the ambient air, combustion being thus comDleted with a yellow flame. As the final combustion takes place in the free air and the flames do not impinge on any obstructions, the combustion figures are good. A
chimney or flue need not therefore be necessary. -The simulated~solid fuel effect construction 7 isthus heated by the flames in the combustion chamber and thus acts as a radiant heater, with the hot gases passing through the apertures 13 causing the edges of the aperture 13 to become heated sufficiently to glow red as per a real fire, the yellow flames produced by complete combustion in the ambient atmosphere adding to the visual realism of the fire as well as to the heat output.
~ ~ ~ r~
The fuel effect 7 can be constructed of multiple levels and segments from ceramic type materials or a combination of metal and ceramic or all metal configurations. These can be designed so as to modify the combustion characteristics to thus induce variations in the flame colour and pattern, in conjunction with variations to the combustion chamber 5 which may be constructed of materials other than metal.
To facilitate ignition an igniter 17 in the form of a pilot or ignition system can be located in the combustion chamber 5.
The present invention thus provides a burner arrangement which provides a visual effect without the need for the previously essential chimney or flue.
IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO GAS BURNERS
.
The present invention relates to a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel efféct gas fire.
In certain known solid fuel effect gas fires, one or more aerated gas burners provide the main heat and glow and these or a number of under aerated or neat gas burners provide the wispy flames which add visual realism to the fire but little heat. This type of known arrangement requires selective control of the various burners to achieve optimum performance in respect of heat output and visual effect, otherwise poor combustion and sooting could occur. However such known fires are inherently prone to sooting and Door combustion due to the impingement of the flames on the si~ulated solid fuel elements beneath which the burners are conventionally located. Generally these known fires are used with a heat exchanger and the products of combustion have to be vented out via a chimney. If purely a decorative fire the products of combustion are immediately vented out via a chimney.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a simple but high efficiency gas burner arrangement which can provide a visual effect with good combustion, allowing use in unvented and vented type appliances.
v ~
According to the present invention there is provided a gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel effect gas fire, the burner arrangement comprising a gas burner located in a combustion chamber directly under a simulated solid fuel element bed, the gas burner being arranged to burn gas which has been aerated with a primary quantity of air, the combustion chamber having inlets through which a secondary quantity of air can be drawn into the combustion chamber to aid combustion within the combustion chamber, the simulated solid fuel element bed being provided with a number of apertures through which flames and gas/air mix can pass to mix with the ambient air and enable complete combustion to occur outside the combustion chamber above the simulated solid fuel element bed.
Preferably the burner used is a standard primary aerated strip type gas burner adjusted to give yellow tipped flames i.e. the quantity of primary air is insufficient for complete combustion to occur. The combustion chamber is preferably a rectangular open topped box configuration with the burner set in the base of the box, a simulated solid fuel effect construction ma~e, for example, from a ceramic material, with said apertures being located between the fuel elements, closing the top of the combustion chamber. Inlets for ~ ~ ~ r~ ~ ~3 8 secondary air are preferably located in the base region of the combustion chamber below the level of the outlet ports of the burner, and are designed to provide insufficient air for complete combustion to occur, but sufficient air to cause the gases to burn in the combustion chamber with flames which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel effect construction to a temperature at which sooting, i.e. depositing of carbon, by the flames impinging on the simulated solid fuel effect construction, is minimised. Excessive secondary air would result in yellow sooting flames below the simulated solid fuel effect construction. The balanced quantity of primary and secondary air is preferably sufficient to produce flames which are hot enough to make the solid fuel effect construction glow. Pref~rably the apertures in the solid fuel effect construction are of a size which results in the combustion chamber filling with burning gases, reverse air flow at the edges of the apertures being minimised. Thus as the combusting gases pass through the apertures in the simulated solid fuel effect construction, they mix with the ambient air and the combustion is completed with a yellow flame. As the final combustion takes place in free air and the flames do not imPinge on any obstructions, the combustion performance attains enhanced results. A chimney therefore may or may not be r~O8 provided or even required. Further, a heat exchanger may be provided if desired.
To facilitate ignition a pilot or ignition system may be provided in or adjacent to the combustion chamber. Further whilst a simplex burner allows the gas feed rate to be turned down to very low levels, a duplex type burner or two or more burners may of course be alternatively provided.
The burner arrangement of the present invention can thus be used to provide a visual effect without the paramount need for a chimney and thus the present invention may be used to advantage in, for example, a portable cabinet heater fed with bottled gas.
The present invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Fig.1 is a partially schematic cross-sectiona~ view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Fig.2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the preferred embodiment of Fig.1.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprises a burner arrangement 1 having a strip-like burner 3 which is arranged to burn gas aerated with a primary quantity of air, in a rectangular box-like combustion chamber 5.
The strip-like burner 3 is an elongate ribbon-type burner with an arrangement of outlet ports 3a in a generally horizontal upper surface 3b of the burner. The combustion chamber 5 is made of metal and has an open top which is closed over by a simulated solid fuel effect construction 7 which is made of a ceramic material and which has a number of apertures 13 between the simulated fuel elements 15. Alternatively, the combustion chamber can be completely made of a ceramic material.
The burner 3 is provided in the base 9 of the combustion chamber 5, directly beneath the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7. Alternatively a number of burners can be substituted. Also located in the base region 9 of the combustian chamber 5 below the level of the outlet ports 3a, are a number of elongate inlet apertures 11 for allowing a quantity of secondary dir to be drawn into the combustion chamber 5.
The burner 3 is designed so that the gas it burns is insufficiently aerated by the primary air to produce complete combustion i.e. the quantity of primary air is only sufficient to produce yellow tipped flames when the fuel effect 7 is not in position. A quantity of secondary air is thus drawn into the combustion chamber 5 via the inlet apertures 11, though this is ~7~8 insufficient to complete combustion but sufficient to cause the gases to burn in the combustion chamber S with flames which are hot enough to heat the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7 to a temperature at which sooting by the flames impinging on the simulated solid fuel effect construction 7, is minimised. The combusting gases pass through the apertures 13 in the simulated fuel effect construction 7 the apertures 13 being of a size such that the combustion chamber 5 is filled with burning gases and reverse air flow around the edges of the apertures 13 is minimised. As the combusting gases pass through the apertures 13 they mix with the ambient air, combustion being thus comDleted with a yellow flame. As the final combustion takes place in the free air and the flames do not impinge on any obstructions, the combustion figures are good. A
chimney or flue need not therefore be necessary. -The simulated~solid fuel effect construction 7 isthus heated by the flames in the combustion chamber and thus acts as a radiant heater, with the hot gases passing through the apertures 13 causing the edges of the aperture 13 to become heated sufficiently to glow red as per a real fire, the yellow flames produced by complete combustion in the ambient atmosphere adding to the visual realism of the fire as well as to the heat output.
~ ~ ~ r~
The fuel effect 7 can be constructed of multiple levels and segments from ceramic type materials or a combination of metal and ceramic or all metal configurations. These can be designed so as to modify the combustion characteristics to thus induce variations in the flame colour and pattern, in conjunction with variations to the combustion chamber 5 which may be constructed of materials other than metal.
To facilitate ignition an igniter 17 in the form of a pilot or ignition system can be located in the combustion chamber 5.
The present invention thus provides a burner arrangement which provides a visual effect without the need for the previously essential chimney or flue.
Claims (7)
1. A gas burner arrangement for use in a solid fuel effect gas fire, the burner arrangement comprising a gas burner located in a combustion chamber directly underneath a simulated solid fuel element construction, the gas burner being arranged to burn gas which has been aerated with a primary quantity of air, the combustion chamber having inlets through which a secondary quantity of air can be drawn into the combustion chamber to aid combustion within the combustion chamber, the simulated solid fuel element construction being provided with a number of apertures through which combusting gases can pass to mix with the ambient air and enable complete combustion to occur outside the combustion chamber above the simulated solid fuel element construction.
2. A gas burner arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the gas burner has outlet ports and the said inlets for the secondary air are located below the level of the outlet ports.
3. A gas burner arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the combustion chamber is in the form of a rectangular box with the gas burner located in the base region of the box, the simulated solid fuel element construction forming the top of the box.
4. A gas burner arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inlets for the secondary air are located in the base of the combustion chamber.
5. A gas burner arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the burner is an elongate ribbon-type burner with an arrangement of outlet ports in a generally horizontal upper surface of the burner.
6. A gas burner arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the simulated solid fuel element construction is a ceramic structure with said apertures located between simulated solid fuel elements.
7. A gas burner arrangement according to claim 1, wherein an igniter is located within the combustion chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898912304A GB8912304D0 (en) | 1989-05-27 | 1989-05-27 | Improvements relating to gas burners |
| GB8912304.6 | 1989-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2017408A1 true CA2017408A1 (en) | 1990-11-27 |
Family
ID=10657527
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002017408A Abandoned CA2017408A1 (en) | 1989-05-27 | 1990-05-23 | Relating to gas burners |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0400845B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100208308B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1020654C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR243668A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE115267T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2017408A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ280179B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69014715T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0400845T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2065488T3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8912304D0 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP921401A2 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE66573B1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL161907B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2039319C1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA903916B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110986148B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2024-06-21 | 宁波丽辰电器有限公司 | Combustion device of gas fireplace |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7702318A (en) * | 1976-03-09 | 1977-09-13 | Foseco Int | GAS FIREPLACE. |
| GB2040440A (en) * | 1979-01-27 | 1980-08-28 | Valor Heating Ltd | Gas Fire Elements |
| GB2136949A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-26 | Douglas Allison Mitchell | Solid fuel effect gas fires |
| GB8333399D0 (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1984-01-25 | Baxi Partnership Ltd | Gas-fired appliances |
| GB2179438A (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1987-03-04 | Flamelog And Coal Fires Limite | Solid-fuel simulating gas fire |
-
1989
- 1989-05-27 GB GB898912304A patent/GB8912304D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-05-18 EP EP90305386A patent/EP0400845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-18 DK DK90305386.6T patent/DK0400845T3/en active
- 1990-05-18 ES ES90305386T patent/ES2065488T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-18 AT AT90305386T patent/ATE115267T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-18 DE DE69014715T patent/DE69014715T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-21 ZA ZA903916A patent/ZA903916B/en unknown
- 1990-05-21 IE IE182490A patent/IE66573B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-22 RU SU904830032A patent/RU2039319C1/en active
- 1990-05-22 KR KR1019900007359A patent/KR100208308B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-22 PL PL90285285A patent/PL161907B1/en unknown
- 1990-05-22 CZ CS902492A patent/CZ280179B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-23 CN CN90103076A patent/CN1020654C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-23 CA CA002017408A patent/CA2017408A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-23 AR AR90316920A patent/AR243668A1/en active
-
1992
- 1992-12-07 HR HR921401A patent/HRP921401A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2065488T3 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
| IE901824L (en) | 1990-11-27 |
| DK0400845T3 (en) | 1995-02-06 |
| CZ280179B6 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| CS9002492A2 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
| RU2039319C1 (en) | 1995-07-09 |
| IE66573B1 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
| KR100208308B1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
| HRP921401A2 (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| PL161907B1 (en) | 1993-08-31 |
| DE69014715T2 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| GB8912304D0 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
| EP0400845B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
| EP0400845A1 (en) | 1990-12-05 |
| DE69014715D1 (en) | 1995-01-19 |
| ATE115267T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| CN1049223A (en) | 1991-02-13 |
| CN1020654C (en) | 1993-05-12 |
| KR900018597A (en) | 1990-12-22 |
| AR243668A1 (en) | 1993-08-31 |
| ZA903916B (en) | 1991-03-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |