CA2014178A1 - Pipe arrangement for distribution of air in a paper machine - Google Patents
Pipe arrangement for distribution of air in a paper machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA2014178A1 CA2014178A1 CA 2014178 CA2014178A CA2014178A1 CA 2014178 A1 CA2014178 A1 CA 2014178A1 CA 2014178 CA2014178 CA 2014178 CA 2014178 A CA2014178 A CA 2014178A CA 2014178 A1 CA2014178 A1 CA 2014178A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- pipe
- drum
- distribution pipe
- mantle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/02—Drying on cylinders
- D21F5/04—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders
- D21F5/042—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders in combination with suction or blowing devices
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/02—Drying on cylinders
- D21F5/04—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders
- D21F5/042—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders in combination with suction or blowing devices
- D21F5/046—Drying on cylinders on two or more drying cylinders in combination with suction or blowing devices using pocket ventilation systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An air-distribution pipe for fitting in a transverse direction of a machine in spaces in the machine requiring gaseous flow for a purpose such as ventilation and which tend to gather contaminants. The pipe includes a drum arranged so as to revolve about its longitudinal axis, a mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into space surrounding the drum. An air inlet duct is connected to at least one end of the drum, and through such duct blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
An air-distribution pipe for fitting in a transverse direction of a machine in spaces in the machine requiring gaseous flow for a purpose such as ventilation and which tend to gather contaminants. The pipe includes a drum arranged so as to revolve about its longitudinal axis, a mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into space surrounding the drum. An air inlet duct is connected to at least one end of the drum, and through such duct blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
Description
2~14~78 ,, .
PIPE ARRANGEMENT FOR
DISTRIBUTION OF AIR IN A PAPER MACHINE
BACXGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air-distribution pipe for use in a paper-making, or similar type of, machine, wherein the pipe is fitted in a transverse direction of the machine in spaces that require ventilation, such as air conditioning, and that tend to collect contaminants.
At certain points in a paper-making machine (hereafter, simply "paper machine"), distribution pipes for replacement are used, such pipes being placed in a transverse direction of the machine and by means of which pipes air is distributed to points to be air-conditioned. Typically, replacement-air pipes are used inside a looped felt of a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine or coating machine, within the gaps between and/or below the cylinders. A typical application of such air-distribution pipes is within an area provided with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine, where the cylinders and the drying wire are arranged in such a way relative to one another that the cylinders in the lower row of cylinders are placed inside the drying-wire loop, and the upper cylinders are placed outside the loop. In such a case, below the upper cylinders and between the lower cylinders, pocket spaces to be air-conditioned remain; and into such spaces air is blown by means of the distribution pipes of the invention for ventilation of the pockets. By means of the air blown from the replacement-air pipes evaporation from the web to be dried is promoted and the - 2014~78 pressure level in the pocket spaces or equivalent is kept at a suitable level in relation to the environment.
As is known in the prior art, the replacement-air pipes and equivalent air ducts in paper machines are stationary. A
drawback of the prior art stationary replacement-air pipes consists of difficulties in keeping them clean; this is because contaminants such as paper cuttings and fibers gather on the fixed pipes so that the discharge of the inlet air is disturbed and a deficiency in inlet air is produced. These drawbacks have the result that the prior art replacement-air pipes require repeated cleaning, or else their contamination causes even standstills of the paper machines. Such cleaning work is difficult in the congested space involved, which poses a danger to operator safety.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel repIacement-air pipe arrangement, which is "self-cleaning"
and which remains clean much better than do prior art pipes even in difficult conditions; and wherein, as a consequence, undisturbed distribution of replacement air is more reliable.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the foregoing type of replacement-air pipe arrangement that, additionally, has a simple construction and is reliable in operation.
In view of achieving the objects stated above and those that will become apparent below, the invention is mainly characterized in that (1) the air-distribution pipe consists of a . .
drum arranged so AS to revolve around its longitudinal axis, the mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into the space surrounding the drum, and that (2) to the drum (most appropriately to one of its ends) an air duct is connected, through which the blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
According to the invention, to implement the distribution pipe for replacement air, a drum having a perforated mantle and being journalled at both of its ends is used. Such drum is journalled so that it revolves very easily, which is achieved mainly by using a suitable journalling and a drum mantle that is as thin as possible.
The supply of replacement, or equivalent, air is arranged preferably to flow to one end of the drum with the perforated mantle in the radial direction so that the support walls in the drum, at the same time, also operate as impeller blade wheels of a blower, whereby the pressure of the air blown into the drum interior operates to rotate the drum. In such a case, a separate drive can be dispensed with. The sense of rotation of the drum can be reversed, if necessary, by using a suitable mantle and gate construction in the air inlet pipe or duct. The drum with perforated mantle is advantageously supported by means of axial walls of a height equal to the diameter of the drum, with at least four walls being fitted crosswise.
2 ~ 7 8 Even though the invention is herein described while expressly referring to a replacement-air pipe in an area with a single-wire draw in a paper machine, the invention is also suitable for use elsewhere in a paper machine as well as in cor~esponding applications, e.g., in multi-cylinder dryers of paper finishing machines, such as coating machines, or their equivalent, where a self-cleaning blow-air pipe is needed.
2~14178 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the following description, the invention will be described in detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the figures in the accompany drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a side view of an area with a single-wire draw in the drying section of a paper machine, wherein replacement-air pipes in accordance with the invention are used.
FIG. 2 schematically shows a transverse vertical section of the apparatus of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a central axial sectional view of a replacement-air pipe in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 4 shows a s~ction taken at arrows IV-IV in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 shows a section taken at arrows V-V in FIG. 3.
;~ ~
2 ~ 7 8 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figures 1 and 2 show a typical field of application of an air-distribution pipe in accordance with the invention, i.e.
an area with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine. According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame part of the paper machine comprises longitudinal beams lO and 11 as well as vertical beams 12, 12. Above the frame beams 10 and in connection with the beams 10, 11 and 12, two rows, placed one above the other, of steam-heated drying cylinders 13, 14 are mounted. The upper cylinders 13 are placed outside the loop 15 of the drying wire, and the lower cylinders 14 are placed inside the loop of the drying wire 15. In such a case, a web W to be dried reaches direct contact with the faces of the upper cylinders 13, being pressed by the drying wire 15, but remaining outside of the lower cylinders 14.
The free faces of the upper cylinders 13 as well as the adjacent lower cylinders 14 define pocket spaces T, Tl between them, such pocket spaces requiring ventilation so as to intensify the evaporation taking place from the web W. As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention is placed in the pocket space Tl, in whose upper part there is a doctor 16 that keeps the cylinder 13 face clean and removes from it fibre bundles and so-called "broke" paper. A
second replacement-air pipe 20 is placed at a lower level in connection with the lower side of the frame beams 1~.
. .
2~ ~178 FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are more detailed illustrations of an exemplary embodiment of the replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention. The replacement-air pipe 20 is a drum that is journalled at both of its ends so as to be revolvable, and that is provided with a cylindrical mantle 24.
The mantle 24 is provided with perforations 25. In connection with the frame beams 10, supports 21 are fitted, on which bearing supports 30 of the replacement-air pipe 20 rest; such bearing supports 30 being provided with bearings 3Oa and 3Ob, by whose support shafts 28 of the pipe 20 revolve. The shafts 28 are attached to the ends 27 of the replacement-air pipe 20 as well as to the axial crosswise inner walls 26, which are welded to the inner face of the mantle and to the ends 27. The walls 26 are typically four or more in number for a paper-making machine. The interior of the mantle 24 is open at one end, at which an air duct 23 is provided, which communicates with the air inlet pipe 22. The air duct 23 is provided with a sealed lead-in 29 for the shaft 28. At the end next to the air duct 23, the inner walls 26 -are also arranged to operate as impeller blade wheels for the blower so that, when colliding against the walls, the blown air rotates the replacement-air pipe 20 at a speed of about 100 to 400 rpm. In such a case, no separate drive is needed. The scope of the invention, however, also includes self-cleaning replacement-air pipes provided with a separate drive. In such a case, the drive may also be of quite a low capacity, because the torque needed to rotate the replacement-air pipe can be minimized 2~14~78 by making the pipe of low weight and especially by making the mantle as thin as possible.
As is shown in FIG. 4, the air~inlet pipe 22 is provided with gates 31a and 31b, by means of which the inlet air Fin can be guided into the duct 23 so that the sense of rotation of the replacement-air pipe 20 can be reversed. Even if the replacement-air pipe 20 were not provided with any positive rotation drive, it would also operate in a self-cleaning mode in the sense that a heavy load of contaminants such as paper that has fallen onto the pipe 20 makes the pipe 20 revolveJ and thereby any paper cuttings gathered on the pipe 20 fall down onto a broke conveyor, or into a pulper, or equivalent, which is placed below.
The diameter of the replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention is within the range of 200 to 1000 mm, most appropriately within the range of 300 to 800 mm. When a sufficiently high number of inner ~alls 26 are fitted in the pipe 20, the construction becomes sturdy even if a thin mantle 24 is used. The percentage R of hole~ in the mantle 24 of the pipe 20, i.e. the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the holes 25 to the area of the mantle, is usually chosen within the range of R = 0.5 to 10%, preferably R = 1.0%.
It should be understood that the preferred embodiments and examples described are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present 7 ~
invention which is properly delineated only in the appended claims.
_g_
PIPE ARRANGEMENT FOR
DISTRIBUTION OF AIR IN A PAPER MACHINE
BACXGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air-distribution pipe for use in a paper-making, or similar type of, machine, wherein the pipe is fitted in a transverse direction of the machine in spaces that require ventilation, such as air conditioning, and that tend to collect contaminants.
At certain points in a paper-making machine (hereafter, simply "paper machine"), distribution pipes for replacement are used, such pipes being placed in a transverse direction of the machine and by means of which pipes air is distributed to points to be air-conditioned. Typically, replacement-air pipes are used inside a looped felt of a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine or coating machine, within the gaps between and/or below the cylinders. A typical application of such air-distribution pipes is within an area provided with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine, where the cylinders and the drying wire are arranged in such a way relative to one another that the cylinders in the lower row of cylinders are placed inside the drying-wire loop, and the upper cylinders are placed outside the loop. In such a case, below the upper cylinders and between the lower cylinders, pocket spaces to be air-conditioned remain; and into such spaces air is blown by means of the distribution pipes of the invention for ventilation of the pockets. By means of the air blown from the replacement-air pipes evaporation from the web to be dried is promoted and the - 2014~78 pressure level in the pocket spaces or equivalent is kept at a suitable level in relation to the environment.
As is known in the prior art, the replacement-air pipes and equivalent air ducts in paper machines are stationary. A
drawback of the prior art stationary replacement-air pipes consists of difficulties in keeping them clean; this is because contaminants such as paper cuttings and fibers gather on the fixed pipes so that the discharge of the inlet air is disturbed and a deficiency in inlet air is produced. These drawbacks have the result that the prior art replacement-air pipes require repeated cleaning, or else their contamination causes even standstills of the paper machines. Such cleaning work is difficult in the congested space involved, which poses a danger to operator safety.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel repIacement-air pipe arrangement, which is "self-cleaning"
and which remains clean much better than do prior art pipes even in difficult conditions; and wherein, as a consequence, undisturbed distribution of replacement air is more reliable.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the foregoing type of replacement-air pipe arrangement that, additionally, has a simple construction and is reliable in operation.
In view of achieving the objects stated above and those that will become apparent below, the invention is mainly characterized in that (1) the air-distribution pipe consists of a . .
drum arranged so AS to revolve around its longitudinal axis, the mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into the space surrounding the drum, and that (2) to the drum (most appropriately to one of its ends) an air duct is connected, through which the blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
According to the invention, to implement the distribution pipe for replacement air, a drum having a perforated mantle and being journalled at both of its ends is used. Such drum is journalled so that it revolves very easily, which is achieved mainly by using a suitable journalling and a drum mantle that is as thin as possible.
The supply of replacement, or equivalent, air is arranged preferably to flow to one end of the drum with the perforated mantle in the radial direction so that the support walls in the drum, at the same time, also operate as impeller blade wheels of a blower, whereby the pressure of the air blown into the drum interior operates to rotate the drum. In such a case, a separate drive can be dispensed with. The sense of rotation of the drum can be reversed, if necessary, by using a suitable mantle and gate construction in the air inlet pipe or duct. The drum with perforated mantle is advantageously supported by means of axial walls of a height equal to the diameter of the drum, with at least four walls being fitted crosswise.
2 ~ 7 8 Even though the invention is herein described while expressly referring to a replacement-air pipe in an area with a single-wire draw in a paper machine, the invention is also suitable for use elsewhere in a paper machine as well as in cor~esponding applications, e.g., in multi-cylinder dryers of paper finishing machines, such as coating machines, or their equivalent, where a self-cleaning blow-air pipe is needed.
2~14178 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the following description, the invention will be described in detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the figures in the accompany drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a side view of an area with a single-wire draw in the drying section of a paper machine, wherein replacement-air pipes in accordance with the invention are used.
FIG. 2 schematically shows a transverse vertical section of the apparatus of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a central axial sectional view of a replacement-air pipe in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 4 shows a s~ction taken at arrows IV-IV in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 shows a section taken at arrows V-V in FIG. 3.
;~ ~
2 ~ 7 8 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figures 1 and 2 show a typical field of application of an air-distribution pipe in accordance with the invention, i.e.
an area with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine. According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame part of the paper machine comprises longitudinal beams lO and 11 as well as vertical beams 12, 12. Above the frame beams 10 and in connection with the beams 10, 11 and 12, two rows, placed one above the other, of steam-heated drying cylinders 13, 14 are mounted. The upper cylinders 13 are placed outside the loop 15 of the drying wire, and the lower cylinders 14 are placed inside the loop of the drying wire 15. In such a case, a web W to be dried reaches direct contact with the faces of the upper cylinders 13, being pressed by the drying wire 15, but remaining outside of the lower cylinders 14.
The free faces of the upper cylinders 13 as well as the adjacent lower cylinders 14 define pocket spaces T, Tl between them, such pocket spaces requiring ventilation so as to intensify the evaporation taking place from the web W. As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention is placed in the pocket space Tl, in whose upper part there is a doctor 16 that keeps the cylinder 13 face clean and removes from it fibre bundles and so-called "broke" paper. A
second replacement-air pipe 20 is placed at a lower level in connection with the lower side of the frame beams 1~.
. .
2~ ~178 FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are more detailed illustrations of an exemplary embodiment of the replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention. The replacement-air pipe 20 is a drum that is journalled at both of its ends so as to be revolvable, and that is provided with a cylindrical mantle 24.
The mantle 24 is provided with perforations 25. In connection with the frame beams 10, supports 21 are fitted, on which bearing supports 30 of the replacement-air pipe 20 rest; such bearing supports 30 being provided with bearings 3Oa and 3Ob, by whose support shafts 28 of the pipe 20 revolve. The shafts 28 are attached to the ends 27 of the replacement-air pipe 20 as well as to the axial crosswise inner walls 26, which are welded to the inner face of the mantle and to the ends 27. The walls 26 are typically four or more in number for a paper-making machine. The interior of the mantle 24 is open at one end, at which an air duct 23 is provided, which communicates with the air inlet pipe 22. The air duct 23 is provided with a sealed lead-in 29 for the shaft 28. At the end next to the air duct 23, the inner walls 26 -are also arranged to operate as impeller blade wheels for the blower so that, when colliding against the walls, the blown air rotates the replacement-air pipe 20 at a speed of about 100 to 400 rpm. In such a case, no separate drive is needed. The scope of the invention, however, also includes self-cleaning replacement-air pipes provided with a separate drive. In such a case, the drive may also be of quite a low capacity, because the torque needed to rotate the replacement-air pipe can be minimized 2~14~78 by making the pipe of low weight and especially by making the mantle as thin as possible.
As is shown in FIG. 4, the air~inlet pipe 22 is provided with gates 31a and 31b, by means of which the inlet air Fin can be guided into the duct 23 so that the sense of rotation of the replacement-air pipe 20 can be reversed. Even if the replacement-air pipe 20 were not provided with any positive rotation drive, it would also operate in a self-cleaning mode in the sense that a heavy load of contaminants such as paper that has fallen onto the pipe 20 makes the pipe 20 revolveJ and thereby any paper cuttings gathered on the pipe 20 fall down onto a broke conveyor, or into a pulper, or equivalent, which is placed below.
The diameter of the replacement-air pipe 20 in accordance with the invention is within the range of 200 to 1000 mm, most appropriately within the range of 300 to 800 mm. When a sufficiently high number of inner ~alls 26 are fitted in the pipe 20, the construction becomes sturdy even if a thin mantle 24 is used. The percentage R of hole~ in the mantle 24 of the pipe 20, i.e. the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the holes 25 to the area of the mantle, is usually chosen within the range of R = 0.5 to 10%, preferably R = 1.0%.
It should be understood that the preferred embodiments and examples described are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present 7 ~
invention which is properly delineated only in the appended claims.
_g_
Claims (12)
1. An air-distribution pipe for fitting in a transverse direction of a machine in spaces in the machine requiring gaseous flow for a purpose such as ventilation and which tend to gather contaminants, the pipe comprising:
a drum arranged so as to revolve around its longitudinal axis, a mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into space surrounding the drum; and an air inlet duct connected to at least one end of the drum and through which blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
a drum arranged so as to revolve around its longitudinal axis, a mantle of such drum being provided with perforations through which air can be blown from the interior of the drum into space surrounding the drum; and an air inlet duct connected to at least one end of the drum and through which blown air can be passed into the interior of the drum.
2. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mantle is generally cylindrical and is journalled so as to revolve centrally at both of its ends by means of respective shafts that are rotatably mounted to respective supporting frame members of the machine.
3. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 2, further comprising an inlet air duct in flow communication with one end of the drum, one end of one of the shafts being passed through such duct through a lead-in.
4. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 2, wherein axial and plane inner walls are fitted within the mantle.
5. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner walls are arranged as impeller blades to permit the pipe to be rotated by means of the pressure and flow of the air passed into the pipe.
6. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, further comprising in the interior of the pipe impeller blades to permit the pipe to be rotated by means of the pressure and flow of the air passed into the pipe.
7. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of mantle is chosen within the range of 200 to 1000 mm.
8. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of perforations in the mantle to the area of the mantle is chosen within the range of 0.5 to 10%.
9. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a gate means fitted within an inlet air duct for selectively alternating the flow direction of inlet air from one side to another of the longitudinal axis of the drum, whereby the sense of rotation of the pipe is reversible.
10. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pipe is free from a positive rotation drive, and wherein contaminants gathered on the pipe produce by gravity a revolution of the pipe so as to dislodge such contaminants from the pipe.
11. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the machine comprises a paper-making machine.
12. An air-distribution pipe as claimed in claim 11, wherein the pipe is for use as a self-cleaning replacement air pipe in an area with a single-wire draw in a pocket space between drying cylinders or in a space below such cylinders.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI891719A FI81403C (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Air distribution tube in a paper machine |
| FI891719 | 1989-04-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2014178A1 true CA2014178A1 (en) | 1990-10-11 |
Family
ID=8528222
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2014178 Abandoned CA2014178A1 (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1990-04-09 | Pipe arrangement for distribution of air in a paper machine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0364594A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2014178A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4010422A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI81403C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE9001094L (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1205558A4 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2004-06-16 | Showa Sangyo Co | Process for producing glycosides |
-
1989
- 1989-04-11 FI FI891719A patent/FI81403C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-03-26 SE SE9001094A patent/SE9001094L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-03-31 DE DE19904010422 patent/DE4010422A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-04-09 JP JP9236090A patent/JPH0364594A/en active Pending
- 1990-04-09 CA CA 2014178 patent/CA2014178A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0364594A (en) | 1991-03-19 |
| DE4010422A1 (en) | 1990-10-18 |
| FI891719A0 (en) | 1989-04-11 |
| FI891719A (en) | 1990-06-29 |
| SE9001094D0 (en) | 1990-03-26 |
| FI81403C (en) | 1990-10-10 |
| SE9001094L (en) | 1990-10-12 |
| FI81403B (en) | 1990-06-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |