CA2011859A1 - Apparatus for injecting gases into a liquid - Google Patents
Apparatus for injecting gases into a liquidInfo
- Publication number
- CA2011859A1 CA2011859A1 CA 2011859 CA2011859A CA2011859A1 CA 2011859 A1 CA2011859 A1 CA 2011859A1 CA 2011859 CA2011859 CA 2011859 CA 2011859 A CA2011859 A CA 2011859A CA 2011859 A1 CA2011859 A1 CA 2011859A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sealing element
- upper sealing
- casing
- vessel
- cartridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An apparatus for injecting predefined amount of fluid into a liquid contained in a vessel, said vessel preferable being a bottle and said fluid being made available in a liquified form, whereby said apparatus comprises the following compo-nents:
- a casing for holding the liquid for the vessel, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, - an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread, said upper sealing element to be screwed on to the casing, - a holding device for cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, and said holding device being connected to said upper sealing element, - a gas injection device with an injection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and further-more a needle which penetrates cartridge, whereby said gas in-jection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper sealing element and the holding device.
In order to prevent overstressing the components when screwing the apparatus together, a flange stop is arranged which is fixedly attached to upper sealing element, said flange cooperating with the respective projecting part on the vessel, whereby the axial movement of the upper sealing ele-ment is limited when said element is screwed on to the casing.
An apparatus for injecting predefined amount of fluid into a liquid contained in a vessel, said vessel preferable being a bottle and said fluid being made available in a liquified form, whereby said apparatus comprises the following compo-nents:
- a casing for holding the liquid for the vessel, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, - an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread, said upper sealing element to be screwed on to the casing, - a holding device for cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, and said holding device being connected to said upper sealing element, - a gas injection device with an injection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and further-more a needle which penetrates cartridge, whereby said gas in-jection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper sealing element and the holding device.
In order to prevent overstressing the components when screwing the apparatus together, a flange stop is arranged which is fixedly attached to upper sealing element, said flange cooperating with the respective projecting part on the vessel, whereby the axial movement of the upper sealing ele-ment is limited when said element is screwed on to the casing.
Description
_ 2 201~859 BACRGROUND OF THE I NVENTION
' ' (1) Field of the invention The invention concerns an apparatu6 for in;ecting gases into a liquid being contained in a vessel, said vessel preferably being a bottle, by means of a predefined amount of a fluid, said fluid being made available in a liquified form, whereby said apparatus comprise6 the following features: a casing for holding the vessel for the liquid, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread for being screwed on to the casing, a holding de-vice for a cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, said holding device being connected to the upper sealing element, a gas injection device comprising a gas in-jection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and a needle, ~aid needle penetrating the cartridge, whereby the gas injection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper 6ealing element and the hol-ding device.
The ve~sel, which i6 usually arranged as a bottle, is placed into the casing and subsequently the upper sealing ele-ment is screwed on to said casing. The casing and the upper sealing element then form a safe container which completely encloses the bottle. From above a cartridge can be inserted, said cartridge containing, for example, carbon dioxide. By in-serting the cartridge a connection with the bottle is brought about, so that the fluid can flow into the bottle and be in-jected into the liquid. Thereby it is essential that the bottle i8 sealed off on its upper end, in order to prevent the gases from escaping during their injection.
In order to promote simple handling, the connection and later disconnection between the casing and the upper sealing element must be simply achieved, whereby differences in the height of the bottles used have to be tolerated. Even in the case of improper handling of the apparatus it should be -' ~-- :.
3 20~859 impossible to exert exces6ive pressure from the bottle on the cartridge.
' ' (1) Field of the invention The invention concerns an apparatu6 for in;ecting gases into a liquid being contained in a vessel, said vessel preferably being a bottle, by means of a predefined amount of a fluid, said fluid being made available in a liquified form, whereby said apparatus comprise6 the following features: a casing for holding the vessel for the liquid, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread for being screwed on to the casing, a holding de-vice for a cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, said holding device being connected to the upper sealing element, a gas injection device comprising a gas in-jection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and a needle, ~aid needle penetrating the cartridge, whereby the gas injection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper 6ealing element and the hol-ding device.
The ve~sel, which i6 usually arranged as a bottle, is placed into the casing and subsequently the upper sealing ele-ment is screwed on to said casing. The casing and the upper sealing element then form a safe container which completely encloses the bottle. From above a cartridge can be inserted, said cartridge containing, for example, carbon dioxide. By in-serting the cartridge a connection with the bottle is brought about, so that the fluid can flow into the bottle and be in-jected into the liquid. Thereby it is essential that the bottle i8 sealed off on its upper end, in order to prevent the gases from escaping during their injection.
In order to promote simple handling, the connection and later disconnection between the casing and the upper sealing element must be simply achieved, whereby differences in the height of the bottles used have to be tolerated. Even in the case of improper handling of the apparatus it should be -' ~-- :.
3 20~859 impossible to exert exces6ive pressure from the bottle on the cartridge.
(2) Description of the Prior Art Apparatu6es are known in which the upper sealing ele-ment i8 locked to the casing by means of a screw thread.
Thereby it is possible, depending on the lenghth of the 6crew thread, to compensate certain tolerances in the lengths of the bottles used. There is, however, no limitation for the screwing movement. If a limitation is present, it can only apply for the smallest possible type of bottle. ~he screw thread results in a con6iderable lever arm of a force for the user, so that by applying average amounts of force high amounts of force are transmitted from the bottle to the hol-ding device and the cartridge. The development of an unpropor- ~ -tionate amount of force can lead to the destruction or over-stressing of the component which holds the cartridge in the upper position, such as a lid and the like. This can lead to situations which might be dangerous for the user.
The European Patent 47163 discloses apparatuses which bring about a connection between the casing and the upper sealing element by means of a screw thread comprising several punched holes and functioning according to a bayonet catch. 1 The user has to place the upper sealing element at a special position on to the casing in which the bottle is located. The upper sealing element is moved downwardly until the seal of the gas injection device rests on the bottle. Subsequently, the engagement between the screw thread segments of the casing and the upper sealing element is brought about by a rotary movement. Said rotary movement is limited to a specific angle of àbout 120-. In such a manner it is possible to secure the functioning of the device even though bottles may have varying heights. In practice it is not possible to generate inadmis-sible high stresses during assembly. Very soon it was clear that this kind of seal leads to problems for the user, because the joining of the casing and the upper sealing element re-quires a high amount of manual dexterity and practice. Both components must coincide precisely and be in perfect axial -~
alignment, so that said components can be joined. Furthermore, 1~:~
_ 4 2 Oll 85 g production of such seals requires a high amount of precision and is complex and expensive.
~'., SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to avoid said disadvantages and to create an apparatus which enables simple assembly of casing and upper sealing element and which is 6 i mple to produce. The overstressing of components during assembly shall reliably be prevented.
¦ In accordance with the invention, a flange stop is ! arranged, said flange stop being fixedly connected to the up-¦ per sealing element and cooperating with a projecting part on the vessel, whereby there is a limitation in the axial movement of the upper sealing element when said component is being screwed on to the casing. Thus a simple screw thread can be used without any additional special measures and said screw ¦ thread can be handled by anybody without any problem. If the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing by the user with a large amount of force, said force is transmitted to the projecting part of the casing via the cover plate and the flange stop. All components are arranged in a very sturdy manner and are able to take large amounts of force. Even in the case that the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing by use of extreme force, no dangerous situation can occur, as here the vessel would collapse. Thus the maximum da~
mage to arise is the broken vessel. This does not constitute a danger as the casing acts like a protective case. The inven-tion does not exclude the screw thread from having a stop, said screw thread connecting the casing with the upper sealing element and said stop limiting the screwing on. Said stop must be arranged in such a manner that even in the case that the smallest possible bottle i8 used with the apparatus, the pene-tration of the needle into the cartridge is guaranteed. In such a case the flange stop need not necessarily touch the projecting part of the vessel. If, however, a slightly larger j vessel is used, the flange stop will limit the screwing on be-fore the screw thread is fully screwed on and thus avoid pos-¦ sible overstressing.
~ s 2011859 The cartridge iB preferably held upward by means of a swivellable lid, said lid being arranged in the upper sealing element. The cartridge is inserted when the lid i6 open. Sub-sequently, the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing. The lid firmly hold6 the cartridge in the upward di-rection.
Furthermore, the flange stop may comprise a separator which simultaneously fixes the holding device to the upper sealing element. This enables simple and in~xpensive produc-tion of the apparatus, as it is not necessary to extra attach the holding device. It is especially preferable if the sepa-rator is screwed into the sealins element from below.
Additionally, in the area around the flange stop a guiding surface may be arranged, said guiding surface serving to radially guide the vessel. This kind of centering promotes an extremely secure functioning of the apparatus. It is espe-cially preferable in this context if the guiding surface cooperates with the projecting part of the vessel and if said guiding surface is arranged cylindrically or slightly conically.
The user is in the position to simply assemble the apparatus in the case that the screw thread, which connects the casing with the upper sealing element, is arranged double-threaded. This virtually disables all tilting and oblique placing.
:., .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the following the invention is outlined in detail based on a preferred embodiment described in the figures.
Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of an apparatus in accordance with the invention;
:
Fig. 2 shows a detail of a constructional variation;
:: :
Fig. 3 shows a view of a 6eparator in accordance with constructional variation of fig. 2; and ..
,..
Fig. 4 6hows a cross-section through the separator following line IV - IV in fig 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
' ; .
The gas injection apparatus outlined in fig. 1 con~
sists of casing 1, said casing being intended for accepting bottls 2 which i8 outlined hsre only in part. Upper sealing element 3 can be screwed on to casing 1. Screw thread 4 of casing 1 cooperates with screw thread 5 of the upper sealing element. Sealing cap 6 is fixedly placed on to the upper sealing element 3. Furthermore, a holding device 7 is fixedly connected to said upper sealing element. Cartridge 8 is inser-ted into said holding device. A sealing cap 9 enables inser-tion of cartridge 8 and fixedly holds said cartridge in an upward direction when said cap i6 closed. The rotational axis 10 of the sealing cap iæ laterally displaced with regard to the axis 11 of the apparatus, so that sealing cap 9 locks au-tomatically when the cartridge is pressed upwards by means of the gas pressure.
Injection pipe 12 i8 submerged into bottle 2. Said pipe is arranged on sealing element 13 which ~eals bottle 2 through seal 14. Needle 15 extends upwardly from from sealing element 13, said needle penetrating cartridge 8 and thus ef-fecting the release of the fluid contained therein. A dischar-ging body 17 is arranged on sealing element 13 via spring 16, ¦~ said body effecting discharge of the cartridge when opening sealing cap 9.
Separator 18 is arranged centrically in the upper j sealing element, said component comprising a flange stop 19.
Saidlflange stop 19 limits separator i8 in the downward direc-j tion and cooperates with the projecting part 20 on bottle 2.
Separator 18 rests on covering plate 21 of the upper sealing I element 3, said resting occurring on a large area. Thereby ¦ considerable forces can be transmitted without exerting inad-I missible stresses or occurrence of bothersome deformations.
¦ Separator 18 is fixed to covering plate 21 by means of screws 1 22. At the same time separator 18 keeps holding device 7 in ' .
7 20~859 its position and prevents said device from falling in a down-ward direction.
In the constructional variation according to figs. 2 and 4 the central bore 23 of separator 18 comprises a step 24.
Said step 24 rests on projecting part 20 of bottle 2 during ~i operation. The section of the bore hole limited by step 24 , comprises a diameter 26, said diameter being equal to or I slightly larger than the outer diameter of pro;ecting part 20 I of bottle 2. Thereby bottle 2 is centered. In order to sim-plify insertion of bottle 2, the lower end of bore 23 com-prises a sloping face. Screws 22 are inserted through bores 27 for fixing separator 18.
The apparatus in accordance with the invention pre-~ vents overstressing of components in a simple manner. At the ! same time, handling is simple and requires little manual dex-¦ terity.
, ' ~ ' :
' ~"
..' ::--.' _ t: ::
Thereby it is possible, depending on the lenghth of the 6crew thread, to compensate certain tolerances in the lengths of the bottles used. There is, however, no limitation for the screwing movement. If a limitation is present, it can only apply for the smallest possible type of bottle. ~he screw thread results in a con6iderable lever arm of a force for the user, so that by applying average amounts of force high amounts of force are transmitted from the bottle to the hol-ding device and the cartridge. The development of an unpropor- ~ -tionate amount of force can lead to the destruction or over-stressing of the component which holds the cartridge in the upper position, such as a lid and the like. This can lead to situations which might be dangerous for the user.
The European Patent 47163 discloses apparatuses which bring about a connection between the casing and the upper sealing element by means of a screw thread comprising several punched holes and functioning according to a bayonet catch. 1 The user has to place the upper sealing element at a special position on to the casing in which the bottle is located. The upper sealing element is moved downwardly until the seal of the gas injection device rests on the bottle. Subsequently, the engagement between the screw thread segments of the casing and the upper sealing element is brought about by a rotary movement. Said rotary movement is limited to a specific angle of àbout 120-. In such a manner it is possible to secure the functioning of the device even though bottles may have varying heights. In practice it is not possible to generate inadmis-sible high stresses during assembly. Very soon it was clear that this kind of seal leads to problems for the user, because the joining of the casing and the upper sealing element re-quires a high amount of manual dexterity and practice. Both components must coincide precisely and be in perfect axial -~
alignment, so that said components can be joined. Furthermore, 1~:~
_ 4 2 Oll 85 g production of such seals requires a high amount of precision and is complex and expensive.
~'., SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to avoid said disadvantages and to create an apparatus which enables simple assembly of casing and upper sealing element and which is 6 i mple to produce. The overstressing of components during assembly shall reliably be prevented.
¦ In accordance with the invention, a flange stop is ! arranged, said flange stop being fixedly connected to the up-¦ per sealing element and cooperating with a projecting part on the vessel, whereby there is a limitation in the axial movement of the upper sealing element when said component is being screwed on to the casing. Thus a simple screw thread can be used without any additional special measures and said screw ¦ thread can be handled by anybody without any problem. If the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing by the user with a large amount of force, said force is transmitted to the projecting part of the casing via the cover plate and the flange stop. All components are arranged in a very sturdy manner and are able to take large amounts of force. Even in the case that the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing by use of extreme force, no dangerous situation can occur, as here the vessel would collapse. Thus the maximum da~
mage to arise is the broken vessel. This does not constitute a danger as the casing acts like a protective case. The inven-tion does not exclude the screw thread from having a stop, said screw thread connecting the casing with the upper sealing element and said stop limiting the screwing on. Said stop must be arranged in such a manner that even in the case that the smallest possible bottle i8 used with the apparatus, the pene-tration of the needle into the cartridge is guaranteed. In such a case the flange stop need not necessarily touch the projecting part of the vessel. If, however, a slightly larger j vessel is used, the flange stop will limit the screwing on be-fore the screw thread is fully screwed on and thus avoid pos-¦ sible overstressing.
~ s 2011859 The cartridge iB preferably held upward by means of a swivellable lid, said lid being arranged in the upper sealing element. The cartridge is inserted when the lid i6 open. Sub-sequently, the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing. The lid firmly hold6 the cartridge in the upward di-rection.
Furthermore, the flange stop may comprise a separator which simultaneously fixes the holding device to the upper sealing element. This enables simple and in~xpensive produc-tion of the apparatus, as it is not necessary to extra attach the holding device. It is especially preferable if the sepa-rator is screwed into the sealins element from below.
Additionally, in the area around the flange stop a guiding surface may be arranged, said guiding surface serving to radially guide the vessel. This kind of centering promotes an extremely secure functioning of the apparatus. It is espe-cially preferable in this context if the guiding surface cooperates with the projecting part of the vessel and if said guiding surface is arranged cylindrically or slightly conically.
The user is in the position to simply assemble the apparatus in the case that the screw thread, which connects the casing with the upper sealing element, is arranged double-threaded. This virtually disables all tilting and oblique placing.
:., .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the following the invention is outlined in detail based on a preferred embodiment described in the figures.
Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of an apparatus in accordance with the invention;
:
Fig. 2 shows a detail of a constructional variation;
:: :
Fig. 3 shows a view of a 6eparator in accordance with constructional variation of fig. 2; and ..
,..
Fig. 4 6hows a cross-section through the separator following line IV - IV in fig 3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
' ; .
The gas injection apparatus outlined in fig. 1 con~
sists of casing 1, said casing being intended for accepting bottls 2 which i8 outlined hsre only in part. Upper sealing element 3 can be screwed on to casing 1. Screw thread 4 of casing 1 cooperates with screw thread 5 of the upper sealing element. Sealing cap 6 is fixedly placed on to the upper sealing element 3. Furthermore, a holding device 7 is fixedly connected to said upper sealing element. Cartridge 8 is inser-ted into said holding device. A sealing cap 9 enables inser-tion of cartridge 8 and fixedly holds said cartridge in an upward direction when said cap i6 closed. The rotational axis 10 of the sealing cap iæ laterally displaced with regard to the axis 11 of the apparatus, so that sealing cap 9 locks au-tomatically when the cartridge is pressed upwards by means of the gas pressure.
Injection pipe 12 i8 submerged into bottle 2. Said pipe is arranged on sealing element 13 which ~eals bottle 2 through seal 14. Needle 15 extends upwardly from from sealing element 13, said needle penetrating cartridge 8 and thus ef-fecting the release of the fluid contained therein. A dischar-ging body 17 is arranged on sealing element 13 via spring 16, ¦~ said body effecting discharge of the cartridge when opening sealing cap 9.
Separator 18 is arranged centrically in the upper j sealing element, said component comprising a flange stop 19.
Saidlflange stop 19 limits separator i8 in the downward direc-j tion and cooperates with the projecting part 20 on bottle 2.
Separator 18 rests on covering plate 21 of the upper sealing I element 3, said resting occurring on a large area. Thereby ¦ considerable forces can be transmitted without exerting inad-I missible stresses or occurrence of bothersome deformations.
¦ Separator 18 is fixed to covering plate 21 by means of screws 1 22. At the same time separator 18 keeps holding device 7 in ' .
7 20~859 its position and prevents said device from falling in a down-ward direction.
In the constructional variation according to figs. 2 and 4 the central bore 23 of separator 18 comprises a step 24.
Said step 24 rests on projecting part 20 of bottle 2 during ~i operation. The section of the bore hole limited by step 24 , comprises a diameter 26, said diameter being equal to or I slightly larger than the outer diameter of pro;ecting part 20 I of bottle 2. Thereby bottle 2 is centered. In order to sim-plify insertion of bottle 2, the lower end of bore 23 com-prises a sloping face. Screws 22 are inserted through bores 27 for fixing separator 18.
The apparatus in accordance with the invention pre-~ vents overstressing of components in a simple manner. At the ! same time, handling is simple and requires little manual dex-¦ terity.
, ' ~ ' :
' ~"
..' ::--.' _ t: ::
Claims (4)
1. In an apparatus for injecting predefined amount of fluid into a liquid contained in a vessel, said vessel pre-ferable being a bottle and said fluid being made available in a liquified form, whereby said apparatus comprises the fol-lowing components:
- a casing for holding the liquid for the vessel, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, - an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread, said screw thread enabling said upper sealing element to be screwed on to the casing, - a holding device for cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, and said holding device being connected to said upper sealing element, - a gas injection device with an injection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and further-more a needle which penetrates cartridge, whereby said gas in-jection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper sealing element and holding device, a flange stop is arranged which is fixedly attached to said upper sealing element, said flange cooperating with the respective projecting part arranged on said vessel, whereby a limitation of the axial movement of the upper sealing element occurs when the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing.
- a casing for holding the liquid for the vessel, said casing being open in an upward direction and comprising a screw thread on its upper end, - an upper sealing element comprising a screw thread, said screw thread enabling said upper sealing element to be screwed on to the casing, - a holding device for cartridge, said cartridge making the fluid available, and said holding device being connected to said upper sealing element, - a gas injection device with an injection pipe, a sealing element which covers the opening of the vessel, and further-more a needle which penetrates cartridge, whereby said gas in-jection device is axially moveable with regard to the upper sealing element and holding device, a flange stop is arranged which is fixedly attached to said upper sealing element, said flange cooperating with the respective projecting part arranged on said vessel, whereby a limitation of the axial movement of the upper sealing element occurs when the upper sealing element is screwed on to the casing.
2. In the apparatus of claim 1, wherein said cartridge is held in the upward direction by a swivelable lid, said lid being arranged in the upper sealing element.
3. In the apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein said flange stop is arranged on a separator, whereby, at the same time, said separator fixedly attaches holding device to said upper sealing element.
4. In the apparatus of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said separator is screwed into the upper sealing element from below.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT55989 | 1989-03-10 | ||
| ATA559/89 | 1989-03-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2011859A1 true CA2011859A1 (en) | 1990-09-10 |
Family
ID=3493814
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2011859 Abandoned CA2011859A1 (en) | 1989-03-10 | 1990-03-09 | Apparatus for injecting gases into a liquid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2011859A1 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-03-09 CA CA 2011859 patent/CA2011859A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |