CA2011787C - Process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body - Google Patents
Process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2011787C CA2011787C CA002011787A CA2011787A CA2011787C CA 2011787 C CA2011787 C CA 2011787C CA 002011787 A CA002011787 A CA 002011787A CA 2011787 A CA2011787 A CA 2011787A CA 2011787 C CA2011787 C CA 2011787C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chips
- particles
- filter
- wire pieces
- fibrous material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- B01D39/083—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
- B01D39/086—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of inorganic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/58—Fabrics or filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2835—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support fibrous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0636—Two or more types of fibres present in the filter material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/12—Metallic wire mesh fabric or knitting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/14—Sintered material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/20—Plastics, e.g. polymers, polyester, polyurethane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
In a process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body consisting of multi-layer or multi-ply fabrics, meshes, lattices or of fibrous material (1), which are sintered together, powder-form or granular particles, chips, pieces of wire (3) or mixtures thereof are sintered onto the individual layers or plies and/or their components (2).
Description
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FILTER OR
CATALYTIC CONVERTER BODY
The invention relates to a process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body consisting of multilayer or multi-ply fabrics and/or mesh or lattice and/or fibrous material, which are sintered together and subsequently formed into a filter or catalytic converter body.
Filters and catalytic converters are already known, which consists of several layers or plies of fabric and mesh or lattice materials made up of metal fibers or rnetal wires which have been sintered together. This kind of sintering is generally carried out in an oven or furnace under pressure and at a suitably high temperature.
2fl1~"~~"~
CATALYTIC CONVERTER BODY
The invention relates to a process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body consisting of multilayer or multi-ply fabrics and/or mesh or lattice and/or fibrous material, which are sintered together and subsequently formed into a filter or catalytic converter body.
Filters and catalytic converters are already known, which consists of several layers or plies of fabric and mesh or lattice materials made up of metal fibers or rnetal wires which have been sintered together. This kind of sintering is generally carried out in an oven or furnace under pressure and at a suitably high temperature.
2fl1~"~~"~
Filters of this kind are used as so-called deep-bed filters, whereby the separation of the medium or fluid to be filtered takes place at or on the surfaces of the multi-layer or multi-ply fabrics or mesh or lattice or their components. In the process, the effectiveness or effectivity of the filter is limited by, among other things, the size of the surface available.
A catalytic converter or catalyst likewise needs large surfaces for its effectivity or effectiveness, in or;ier to allow an exchange of electrons to tale place.
One of the principal fields of ap~:lication of catalytic converters or catalysts is in conjunction with internal combustion engi~~es in motor vehicles. With the well-.known catalytic ~~nverters or catalysts, the intention His to remove components or substances, such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, which are harmful to the environment and to health, from the exhaust gases produced by engines. For this purpose the catalytic converters or catalysts are equipped with suitable substances having a catalytic effect, such as, for example, platinum, rhodium or vanadium.
Soot filters for diesel engines are also known. These filters in most cases consist of a ceramic material.
The hot engine exhaust gases or emissions are conducted through the ceramic filter body. In the porous ducts and .t the prevailing high temperatures, the soot, i.e., carbon, is transformed into gas and ashes in the filter walls. Instead of ceramic filter bodies, filter bodies of si ntered materi al have al so al ready been suggested for this.
The well-known systems have the disadvantage that their separating surfaces are limited. For this reason relatively many layers or plies of thick fabric or mesh or lattice are necessary, with the thicknesses being able to amount to between a few millimeters and meters, depending upon the particular application.
The present invention is based on the task of increasing the separation effect of a filter or catalytic converter body.
According to the invention, this problem is solved in that powder-form or granular particles, chips, pieces of wire or mixtures thereof are sintered onto the individual layers or plies or their components.
By means of the process according to the invention, a multiple enlargement of the surface is achieved, through which a far larger adsorption area and thus a signifi-cantly larger separating area is made available.
This means that with the same filter capacity the ~~~~1.~~Jr~
thickness of the filter layers or plies can be significantly reduced.
A further advantage lies in the fact that filter or catalytic converter bodies, which are manufactured on the basis of the process according to the invention, exhibit or display a good flowability at relatively low cost of manufacture. This is of advantage particularly in an application with internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, since losses of capacity are lowered by this means.
In the state of the art the components generally touch one another, in general wires, of the individual layers only, or sintering takes places practically only point-wise. According to the invention, they are now sintered with the particles or chips or pieces of wire and also to one another, resulting in a larger contact area and hence also a greater strength.
This means that, as the case may be, further measures to increase the strength of the filter or catalytic conver-ter body can be dispensed with.
In an advantageous way the individual layers or plies are sintered together with the sintering-on of the particles, chips or pieces or wire together in one operation. In this way the production of the filter or catalytic ~~~.~.~1~"~~
converter body according to the invention can take place in one sintering operation.
For the introduction of the particles, chips or pieces of wire and their distribution in the fabrics, meshes lattices or in the fibrous material, the most varied measures are possible.
An advantageous and highly effective solution, which is practicable at low expense and effort, consists in that the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material i covered with a sticky or adhesive fluid, subsequently provided with the particles, chips or pieces of wire and finally sintered.
Oil, for example, can be used as the sticky or adhesive fluid, it being possible to distribute the parts in a suitable manner by, for example, shaking-in. The sticky fluid hereby ensures the adherence or adhesion of. the parts in the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material prior to the sintering operation.
As an alternative to this or in combination, provision can also be made for the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material to be electrically and/or magnetically charged and subsequently provided with particles, chips or pieces of wire.
It goes without saying that the reverse of this measure is also possible within the scope or framework of the invention, i.e., that the particles, chips or pieces of wire are charged.
The prerequisite for this, of course, is that the parts used are appropriately electrically capable of conduct-ivity or of being magnetized or are magnetic.
Another possibility of introducing the particles or similar parts onto the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material consists in screen printing onto the individual layers or plies. Through screen printing or a similar process, exact delimitations of the parts coated with the particles from the other areas can be attained. In this way locally targeted 'effects can be achieved.
The fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material can consist of the most varied materials, such as, for example, metal, synthetic material or plastic or of ceramic substances. Likewise, combinations of these are also conceivable.
The same applies to the particles, chips or pieces of wire, which may consist both of metal, plastic or of ceramic materials or of mixtures thereof.
Their use depends on the particular application.
. 2 ~ ~_ ~. ~ ~ ~~
In an application as a catalytic converter body, materials are used or added, which possess catalytic properties, such as, for example, platinum, rhodium or vanadium.
A typical example or embodiment of the invention is described below in principle with the aid of the drawing.
A fabric or mesh or lattice consists of a plurality of layers or plies 1 of in each case interwoven, interlaced or meshed components, in general metal wires 2.
Such a fabric or mesh or lattice is covered or saturated or soaked or impregnated with a sticky or adhesive fluid, after which particles 3 are introduced into the interior by shaking-in and distributed there appropriately by the shaking operation. In this process the sticky or adhesive fluid undertakes the task of creating adhesion or fixing of position. Following this, a sintering operation is carried out, which usually is performed depending on the materials involved and is widely known, which is why this will not be described here in greater detail.
By rneanu of the sintering operation both the individual layers or plies t with their wires 2 and the particles 3 are sintered to one another and in this way form a unit. In practice it was found that by means of a catalytic converter, which is provided appropriately with ~~~.~r~~~
materials having a catalytic effect or is coated therewith, a catalytic effect occurs already at relatively low temperatures in comparison with the state of the art. This means that a suitably high effect is ach i eved i n as soon as the eng i ne i s i n the start i ng range. Furthermore, it was found that virtually 90~ of the highly noxious substances can be separated with the catalytic converter body according to the invention. This applies, for example, to polycyclic hydrocarbons.
Through a mixture of metal parts and ceramic materials, a high heat resistance can be achieved, attention having solely to be given to obtaining an extensively uniform coefficient of thermal expansion.
Through an appropriate control of the provision and introduction of the particles, chips or pieces of wire or mixtures thereof, filter or catalytic converter bodies can also be manufactured with different porosities and thus different flow resistances. It is likewise possible, if required, to design sections or areas of the filter or catalyitic converter body completely fluid or gas-tight.
A catalytic converter or catalyst likewise needs large surfaces for its effectivity or effectiveness, in or;ier to allow an exchange of electrons to tale place.
One of the principal fields of ap~:lication of catalytic converters or catalysts is in conjunction with internal combustion engi~~es in motor vehicles. With the well-.known catalytic ~~nverters or catalysts, the intention His to remove components or substances, such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, which are harmful to the environment and to health, from the exhaust gases produced by engines. For this purpose the catalytic converters or catalysts are equipped with suitable substances having a catalytic effect, such as, for example, platinum, rhodium or vanadium.
Soot filters for diesel engines are also known. These filters in most cases consist of a ceramic material.
The hot engine exhaust gases or emissions are conducted through the ceramic filter body. In the porous ducts and .t the prevailing high temperatures, the soot, i.e., carbon, is transformed into gas and ashes in the filter walls. Instead of ceramic filter bodies, filter bodies of si ntered materi al have al so al ready been suggested for this.
The well-known systems have the disadvantage that their separating surfaces are limited. For this reason relatively many layers or plies of thick fabric or mesh or lattice are necessary, with the thicknesses being able to amount to between a few millimeters and meters, depending upon the particular application.
The present invention is based on the task of increasing the separation effect of a filter or catalytic converter body.
According to the invention, this problem is solved in that powder-form or granular particles, chips, pieces of wire or mixtures thereof are sintered onto the individual layers or plies or their components.
By means of the process according to the invention, a multiple enlargement of the surface is achieved, through which a far larger adsorption area and thus a signifi-cantly larger separating area is made available.
This means that with the same filter capacity the ~~~~1.~~Jr~
thickness of the filter layers or plies can be significantly reduced.
A further advantage lies in the fact that filter or catalytic converter bodies, which are manufactured on the basis of the process according to the invention, exhibit or display a good flowability at relatively low cost of manufacture. This is of advantage particularly in an application with internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, since losses of capacity are lowered by this means.
In the state of the art the components generally touch one another, in general wires, of the individual layers only, or sintering takes places practically only point-wise. According to the invention, they are now sintered with the particles or chips or pieces of wire and also to one another, resulting in a larger contact area and hence also a greater strength.
This means that, as the case may be, further measures to increase the strength of the filter or catalytic conver-ter body can be dispensed with.
In an advantageous way the individual layers or plies are sintered together with the sintering-on of the particles, chips or pieces or wire together in one operation. In this way the production of the filter or catalytic ~~~.~.~1~"~~
converter body according to the invention can take place in one sintering operation.
For the introduction of the particles, chips or pieces of wire and their distribution in the fabrics, meshes lattices or in the fibrous material, the most varied measures are possible.
An advantageous and highly effective solution, which is practicable at low expense and effort, consists in that the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material i covered with a sticky or adhesive fluid, subsequently provided with the particles, chips or pieces of wire and finally sintered.
Oil, for example, can be used as the sticky or adhesive fluid, it being possible to distribute the parts in a suitable manner by, for example, shaking-in. The sticky fluid hereby ensures the adherence or adhesion of. the parts in the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material prior to the sintering operation.
As an alternative to this or in combination, provision can also be made for the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material to be electrically and/or magnetically charged and subsequently provided with particles, chips or pieces of wire.
It goes without saying that the reverse of this measure is also possible within the scope or framework of the invention, i.e., that the particles, chips or pieces of wire are charged.
The prerequisite for this, of course, is that the parts used are appropriately electrically capable of conduct-ivity or of being magnetized or are magnetic.
Another possibility of introducing the particles or similar parts onto the fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material consists in screen printing onto the individual layers or plies. Through screen printing or a similar process, exact delimitations of the parts coated with the particles from the other areas can be attained. In this way locally targeted 'effects can be achieved.
The fabric, mesh, lattice or the fibrous material can consist of the most varied materials, such as, for example, metal, synthetic material or plastic or of ceramic substances. Likewise, combinations of these are also conceivable.
The same applies to the particles, chips or pieces of wire, which may consist both of metal, plastic or of ceramic materials or of mixtures thereof.
Their use depends on the particular application.
. 2 ~ ~_ ~. ~ ~ ~~
In an application as a catalytic converter body, materials are used or added, which possess catalytic properties, such as, for example, platinum, rhodium or vanadium.
A typical example or embodiment of the invention is described below in principle with the aid of the drawing.
A fabric or mesh or lattice consists of a plurality of layers or plies 1 of in each case interwoven, interlaced or meshed components, in general metal wires 2.
Such a fabric or mesh or lattice is covered or saturated or soaked or impregnated with a sticky or adhesive fluid, after which particles 3 are introduced into the interior by shaking-in and distributed there appropriately by the shaking operation. In this process the sticky or adhesive fluid undertakes the task of creating adhesion or fixing of position. Following this, a sintering operation is carried out, which usually is performed depending on the materials involved and is widely known, which is why this will not be described here in greater detail.
By rneanu of the sintering operation both the individual layers or plies t with their wires 2 and the particles 3 are sintered to one another and in this way form a unit. In practice it was found that by means of a catalytic converter, which is provided appropriately with ~~~.~r~~~
materials having a catalytic effect or is coated therewith, a catalytic effect occurs already at relatively low temperatures in comparison with the state of the art. This means that a suitably high effect is ach i eved i n as soon as the eng i ne i s i n the start i ng range. Furthermore, it was found that virtually 90~ of the highly noxious substances can be separated with the catalytic converter body according to the invention. This applies, for example, to polycyclic hydrocarbons.
Through a mixture of metal parts and ceramic materials, a high heat resistance can be achieved, attention having solely to be given to obtaining an extensively uniform coefficient of thermal expansion.
Through an appropriate control of the provision and introduction of the particles, chips or pieces of wire or mixtures thereof, filter or catalytic converter bodies can also be manufactured with different porosities and thus different flow resistances. It is likewise possible, if required, to design sections or areas of the filter or catalyitic converter body completely fluid or gas-tight.
Claims (12)
1. Process for manufacturing the body of a filter or a catalyst from sintered material, pulverulent or granular particles being sintered onto the material, the body of the filter or catalyst being formed of multi-layer woven fabrics and/or knitted fabrics and/or fibrous material and/or wire, the pulverulent or granular particles or chips, wire pieces or mixtures thereof being sintered onto the individual layers or components thereof and the individual layers being provided with the pulverulent or granular particles or chips, wire pieces or mixtures thereof in a targeted manner such that the body of a filter or a catalyst having varying porosity and thus varying flow resistance can be manufactured therewith.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the individual layers are sintered together and the particles, chips or wire pieces are sintered on in one single step.
3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material is coated with a sticky fluid, then is provided with the particles, chips or wire pieces and finally is sintered.
4. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the particles, chips or wire pieces are shaken into the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material.
5. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material is electrically and/or magnetically charged and is then provided with particles, chips or wire pieces.
6. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the particles, chips or wire pieces are applied to the individual layers by silk-screen printing.
7. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that metal, plastic or ceramics or a combination of these materials is used for the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material.
8. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that metals, plastics, ceramic materials or mixtures thereof are used as the particles, chips or wire pieces.
9. Body of a filter or a catalyst having a plurality of layers of woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material sintered together, the individual layers and their components being provided with sintered pulverulent or granular particles, chips or wire pieces, which are applied in a targeted manner such that the body of the filter or catalyst has varying porosity and varying flow resistance.
10. Body of a filter or a catalyst according to claim 9, characterised in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material consists of metal and the particles, chips or wire pieces consist of metal, plastic, ceramics or mixtures thereof.
11. Body of a filter or a catalyst according to claim 9, characterised in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material consists of plastic and the particles, chips or wire pieces consist of metal, plastic, ceramics or mixtures thereof.
12. Body of a filter or a catalyst according to claim 9, characterised in that the woven fabric, knitted fabric or fibrous material consists of ceramics and the particles, chips or wire pieces consist of metal, plastic, ceramics or mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3908581.3 | 1989-03-16 | ||
DE3908581A DE3908581A1 (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1989-03-16 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FILTER OR CATALYST BODY |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2011787A1 CA2011787A1 (en) | 1990-09-16 |
CA2011787C true CA2011787C (en) | 2000-07-18 |
Family
ID=6376469
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002011787A Expired - Fee Related CA2011787C (en) | 1989-03-16 | 1990-03-08 | Process for the production of a filter or catalytic converter body |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0387394B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3036779B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0149665B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE98513T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2011787C (en) |
DE (2) | DE3908581A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2047616T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5211918A (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1993-05-18 | Schwabische Huttenwerke | Catalytic converter for exhaust gases |
DE4022937A1 (en) * | 1990-07-19 | 1992-01-23 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | FILTER OR CATALYST BODY |
DE4109227A1 (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1992-09-24 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | EXHAUST FILTER AND / OR CATALYST |
DE4110285A1 (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1992-10-01 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | FILTER OR CATALYST BODY |
DE4128396C2 (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1995-06-01 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for connecting a fine mesh filter fabric with a coarse mesh carrier fabric to form a double filter belt |
DE4137104A1 (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | MUFFLER |
DE4137105A1 (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | ARRANGEMENT OF A CATALYST FOR THE EXHAUST GAS FROM A COMBUSTION ENGINE |
EP0578840B1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1996-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparing a catalyst |
FR2697868B1 (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1995-01-27 | Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto | Support structure of at least one material for catalyzing the exhaust gas of an engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. |
US6284201B1 (en) | 1993-02-10 | 2001-09-04 | Alfred Buck | Apparatus for the catalytic purification of flowing gases, in particular exhaust gases of internal combustion engines |
DE4303850C1 (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-10-13 | Alfred Buck | Device for the catalytic cleaning of flowing gases, in particular exhaust gases from internal combustion engines |
JP2958123B2 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1999-10-06 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | Method for producing alumina carrier |
DE19735785C1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-06-17 | Abb Research Ltd | Process for producing a catalyst structure and catalyst structure |
JP4035578B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2008-01-23 | 株式会社エス・アンド・エスホールディングス | Particulate filter for diesel engine |
DE10219853B4 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2009-08-20 | Christian Bibo | Process for strengthening wire knit fabric and wire mesh knit fabricated by the process |
DE102004024994A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Filter device, in particular for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and method for its production |
DE102011015723B4 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2019-09-26 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Sorbent granules, use and method of solidifying a sorbent granule |
KR101488423B1 (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2015-02-03 | 무 헌 정 | using a dust collector chip |
JP6148885B2 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2017-06-14 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Filter, chemical heat storage reactor, and chemical heat storage system |
JP2016059893A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-25 | 株式会社東芝 | Treatment system and treatment method |
CN115023538B (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2023-09-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Honeycomb structure and exhaust gas purifying device |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4062807A (en) * | 1975-06-17 | 1977-12-13 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. | Nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst |
DE2927592C2 (en) * | 1979-07-07 | 1982-08-19 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Electrically conductive quick hose coupling |
FR2462188A1 (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-02-13 | Tissmetal Lionel Dupont | Filter for gases or liq. - where substrate fabric or felt is covered by grains of thermoplastic polymer bonded to fabric by heating |
DE3533924A1 (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-06-19 | Schumacher Sche Fab Verwalt | FILTER BODY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
1989
- 1989-03-16 DE DE3908581A patent/DE3908581A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-08-02 DE DE89114290T patent/DE58906451D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-02 ES ES89114290T patent/ES2047616T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-02 AT AT89114290T patent/ATE98513T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-08-02 EP EP89114290A patent/EP0387394B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-03-08 CA CA002011787A patent/CA2011787C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-12 KR KR1019900003242A patent/KR0149665B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-03-15 JP JP2062875A patent/JP3036779B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3908581A1 (en) | 1990-09-20 |
KR900014018A (en) | 1990-10-22 |
EP0387394A1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
ATE98513T1 (en) | 1994-01-15 |
KR0149665B1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
EP0387394B1 (en) | 1993-12-15 |
JPH02280843A (en) | 1990-11-16 |
JP3036779B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 |
CA2011787A1 (en) | 1990-09-16 |
ES2047616T3 (en) | 1994-03-01 |
DE58906451D1 (en) | 1994-01-27 |
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