CA2007250C - Device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials - Google Patents
Device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2007250C CA2007250C CA 2007250 CA2007250A CA2007250C CA 2007250 C CA2007250 C CA 2007250C CA 2007250 CA2007250 CA 2007250 CA 2007250 A CA2007250 A CA 2007250A CA 2007250 C CA2007250 C CA 2007250C
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- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- loose
- liquid
- hydraulic conveyance
- hydraulic
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Abstract
A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials comprises a toroidal chamber having an equatorial plane thereof set with respect to a horizontal plane at an angle ( .delta. ) falling within a range of ~<.delta.<90°, where ~ is the angle of internal friction of the loose material,when saturated with tha liquid used for hydraulic conveyance. The chamber is provided with pipes for charging the loose material and for discharging the liquid, both of the pipes being arranged on one side with respect to the meridianal plane, and a slurry discharge unit arranged on its other side.
Description
2~7Z5~
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~ield of the Invention The invention relate3 generally to c.onveyance of materials by virtue of hydraulic means and, more specifically, to a device for hydraulic con~eyance of loose materials.
~he invention i~ ~ucce~fully applicable in the min~ne indu~try, in civil engineering, metallurgy, and in the farming indust~y for hydraulic conveying o~ loo~e material3 over long distance3.
tO Of ~pecial interest i~ practical applic~tion of the industry ~or hydraulic c~nveyance of ~uch loose materiAl~ as mineral raw materlals, in dres~ing practice when m;n;n~ placer and ~re dep~sit~ of the opencast and underground mining techniques, a~ w~ll a~ in c~n~truotion of hydraulic engi~eering ~tructure~.
Baokground of the Invention ~ t the present time, devices for hydraulic con-veyance of loose material~, comprising a chamber pro-vided with a loose material charging unit and a ~lur~ry di~char~ unit and making integrQl part o~ hyd-~aulic.conveyance in~tallations incorporating additi-onsl components ~uch a3 water pump~, pipeline~ ~top ~alves and fittings, should meet a number of require-ments including reliable operation o~ such devicesruling out.clogging of the discharge unit with tha ~ 2 --2~07253~
loose material, or hanging o~ the looae material in the chamber, which stem~ from the atrength of the chamber; as well as efficient chargi~g o~ the loose material resulting from minimlzed amount~ of the loo~e material particle~ carried away with the liquid being discharged during ~illing and mln;m;~ed amount o~ air fed into the chamber. Another requireme~t to be met resides in ef~icient ~lurry discharge due to l~w claa3ifying of the looae m~terial which i9 uni-formly fed to the di~ch~rge unlt.
One ~tate-of-the-art ~evice for hydraulic convey-ance of lo~ae rnaterial~ i~ k~own (SU, A, 615,015) to comprise a vertically in3talled chamber having a cy-lindricQl ~hape and pr~Yided wi th a pipe for charging the looae material in the form of alurry, which pipe al~o aerves aa a pipe for di~charging the slurry lnto a pulp ~eedin~s pipe, a pre~sure liquid ~low îeeding pipe, and a liquid discharge pipe located in the top portion of the chamberO
rllo m;nlm;ze the amount of the loose materi~l particle~ carried away w~th the li~uid being diseharg-edl the chamber i~ charged in an upward ~low" while the liquid being diacharged i~ separated from the looce material bein~ charged, by meana of a ~cree~
w~:Li¢h is adapted to move langthwi~e the chamber as it i~ bei~g chargeà from below and intended to reduoe the amount of the loo~ material particle~ carried - . . .
2~7~
aw~y by the liquid' being discharged.
Pro~ision of a mvvable ~creen in~ide the chamber renders the construction more ~ophi~ticated and re-dure~ it~ reliability. Moreover, chargin~ the ~lurry 5 in an upward Xlow re~ult3 in inten~e classifying of the loo~e naterial in term~ af den~ity a2ld size, which i~ also the ca~c during di~charge of the cham-ber, with attendant instability of the ~lurry density.
Thus, the aforedescribed device fails to provide the conveyance of stable den~ity ~lurry to the pulp ~eeding pipe, while a reduction in the amount of the lo~e m~terial carried away by the liquid being dis-charged i9 attained at the expense of reliability of the device, One more prior-art device for hydraulic convey-ance o~ 1003e material~ (SU, A, 391,974) is known to compri~e a vertically i~stalled chamber havin~ a cy-lindrical ~hape. Preparatory to charging, part of the liquid i9 expelled from the chamber through a pipe . 20 pro~ided in it~ bott~m portlon~ in order to ~inimize the ~amount of the loo~e material carried away~
To reduce the cla~ifying taking place, when the ohamber i~ being di~charg~d, the pre~ure liquid flow i8 dlvided into two ~low~ fed into the chamber 25 throu~h two pipes one of which is located in the top portion of the chamber.
The additio~al operations ~uch a~ dr~;n;ng the 2~ 7 liquid preparatory to charging and delivery of the part OI the liquid flow durin~ discharge, consider-ably reduce the e~iciency of the device and render it~ control 9y9tem more ~ophi~ticated. At lea~t three chambers are required to enable continuou~ di~charge of the ~lurry into the pulp ~eeding pipe. Ths afore-mentioned deviGe feature~ low reliability re~ulting from the ~act that the chamber may only be charged with dry or dehydrated materi~l tending to hang up i~
the chamber, which promote9 clogging o~ the di~charge pipe if water content of the loose material i9 too low.
By-pa~ing part of the pressure liquid flow up-ward the chamber reduces the ~tability of slurry dens-ity, becau~e in the cour~e of discharging the ratiobetween the pre~ure liquid flow rates i~ changed due to increa~ed rate of the pre~ure li.quid make-up ~l~w.
Effective control over the ratio between the rates o~
the main flow and the make-up (upper) flow o~ the pres~ure liquid iJ virtually un~ea~ibleO
Known pre~ently are other device~ for hydraulic - conveyance of loo~e materials (SU, A, 612,873; SU, A, ~98,000) where attempt~ have been made to reduce the : amount o~ the loo~e material partiele~ carried away during chargi~
In the ~ormer of the embodiment~ mentioned here-.
inbefore, air i9 force fed into the top portion of a , .
2~ 72~) , . , cylindrically ~haped chamber during di3charge. A3 aresult, after discharge is o~er7 the chamber remai~a empty without the need to drain the liquid.
However, the above-de~cribed device of~er3 but a low margin of ~afety because of po~ible loss of lsak--tightnesa of the chamber, with attendant hazard of compreased air bur~tingO Power consumption of the de-vice i~ far too high to e~fect hydraulic conveyance over long distances. Thia predetermines the use of a compressor having a power capacity greater than that q~ the primary preaaure unit - the water pump. Fur-thermore, the device suffer~ fr~m low productlon effi-ciency resulting from the fact that the de~ice can .. . . .
only be charged when the pressure in~ide the chamber 15 i3 reduced to the atmospheric, pre~sure.
In the latter of the devioe~ mentioned herein-before, the ¢hamber is made in the form of a hydrau-lic cyclone, which allow~ the discharged li~uid to be separated and diverted while the slurry i~ b~in~
oharged into the chamber. In ~uch an embodiment ? the top portion o~ the chamber ~perating as a hydraulic cy~,lone, i~ aubae~t to ~ast wear, which ln tur~ a~-.
fect~ adver~ely the chambar ~trength characteristic3.
In the above-ai~cusaed devices, the chamber dis-25 ¢harge proce~ accompanied by clas~i~ying o~ theloa~e material taking pl~ce as it i~ being expelled ~rom the chamber by the liquid. The clas3ifying 2~ 2~
occurs due to segregation of the lo~e material a~ it de3cends, the ~maller and lighter particle3 being ~u.~pended.
Still another device for hydraulic conveyance of loose material~ (SU, A, 1,~68,496) is known to com-pri3e a toroidal chamber having a meridianal plane a~d an equatorial plane a~d provided with pipes for ¢harging the loose material and discharging the li-quid u~ed for hydraulic conveyance, both ~ the pipe~
being arranged on one side with respect to the meridi-anal plane of the toroidal chamber, and with a slurry di~charge de~ice arran~ed on the other ~ide with res-pect to the meri~;~n~l plane, the equatorial plane of the chamber being di~posed vertically.
The toroidal ~hape af the chamber contributes to it~ higher ~trength and m;n;m;ze~ ~pecific metal con-~umption~
Loose materials can be charged into the toroidal chamber in the for~m of ~lurry by loading it in a 2Q ~tandstill zone on the ~urface of the throat of the toroidal chamber9 that i~ on the inner wall in itq up-per portion. ~rom the in~er wall, the loo~e material ~lips down until lu~p~ of the material drop down in a re~trained manner, thu~ min;~;zi~g the amount of the -25 loo~e material particle~ carrled away by the liquid di~charged becau~e additional energy is required to bre~k the particle~ loo~e frsm the bulk of the materi-2~72~) a~. Be3ide3, the portion of the toroidal chamber di~-posed above it~ throat u~ed for charging the loo~e ma-teriall ha3 ~ larger cro~ ection than the aforede~-c~ibed chamber~ having di~ferent ~hape~ but the ~ame 5 volume~ Because of thi~ the uplift rate of the li-quid being di~¢hargad i3 la~ than that in an~ of the a~olre-mexltioned devicesa and it tends to decline - still further a~ the di~tance between the cylindrical portions of the chamber or the chamber throat radius increa~e~.
However, as the operating efficiency of such de-vices increases, which inv~lves greater flow rate~ of the slurry being handled, the amount of the loose ma-terial particles carried away by the liquid di~charg-ed tend~ ts increa3e as well, ~ince the material charging portion of the throat fails to sccept all the loose material fed in, with the result that part of the loose material is repelled by the throat ~ur-~ace, thu cau~ing 31urry ~wirling flows.
A~ compared to chambsr~ of the other shapes des-cribed hereinbefore, use of a toroidal chamber enable~ the loo~e material to be more uniformly fed to the di3charging unit, and the loose material i~
le~s liable to ola~sifyin~ by virtue of the fact that the loo~e material i~ circumfluent the lower portion of the throat 3urfaoe in a downward flow, where~ the liquid i~ circumfluent the ~ame~oat ~ion in an u~rd 2~7;~
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flow. Such an arrangement of the flnw~ make~ it pos3i-ble to reduce the resistance of the liquid to the loose material because of the fact that th~ major li-quid flow is formed nearby the throat wall, viz., clo~e to the inner wall of the chamber. Ho~ever, in common with the aforede~cribed device~, a~ the height of the vertical cylindrical portion~ n~ th~ chamber increa~e~? the loo~e material i~ liable t~ be ~egre-gated by particle ~ize and den3ity, as for hei~ht of these portions, which i~ cau~ative of cla~sification and reduced ~tability of the ~lurry den~ity.
Brief Summary of the Invention It is therefore an object o~ the present invent-ion to provide a device for hydr~ulic aonveyance of loo~e m~terials, which would en~ure a reduction in the amount o~ the loose material carried away by the ~ liquid discharged, when th~ loo~e material i~ being ch~rged into the chamber, and an increa~e in the 3ta- -bility of den~ity of the slurry being handledO
With the foregoing and other objects in view the present invention thus reside~ in the ~act that in a device for hydraulic conveyance of loose m~teri al~, compri~ing a toroidal ch~mber having a meridian-~1 plane and an equatorial plane and provided ~ith pipe~ for charging the loo~e material and di3charging the liquid u~ed for hydraulic conveyance, both of the pipe~ being arr~nged on o~e ~ids with respect to the _ 9 _ 2 ~ ~7 meridianal plane of the toroidal chamber, and with a ~lurry discharge device arranged on the other 3ide with re3pect to the meridianal plane, according to the invention, an angle defined between the equatori~
al plane o~ the toroidal chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of ~ o~ 90~, where oC i8 the angle defined between the equatorial plane of the t~roidal chamber and a horizont-al plane;
i~ the angle of internal friction of the lo~se material t when saturated with the li-quid u~ed ~or hydraulic conveyanae.
It is expedient that in a device for hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, the an~le de-fined between the equatorial plane o~ the t~roidal chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of 40~~ 450 It is favourable that in a device *or hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, the toroidal chamber be provided with a partition plate ~itted in its upper part and disposed substantially in the equa-torial plane so a~ to ~orm two spaces arranged one be-low the oth~r, the lower ~paoe being ass~ciated with the loo~e material charging pipe~ while the upper space communicates with thei liquid discharge pipe.
It is advantageous that a device for hydraulic ~ 10 -2 ~7 conveyance, according to the invention, be provided with a loose material ~low shaper and/or a di~charge liquid flow shaper accommodated inside the respective ~paces.
It i~ effective that in a device for hydraulic con~eya~ce, according to the invention, the shaper forming the flow of the loose material and the shaper forming the flow of the liquid being disch~rged are made each i~ the form of at lea~t one plate set with respect to the partition plate at an acute whose vor-te~ is directed towards the upper part of the toroid-al chamber, It i~ reasonable that in a device for hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, when the 3haper~ forming the flow3 of the loose mBterial and the liquid being discharged are made in the form of 8 plurality of plates, the pla~te~ be disposed at sub-st~ntially the same acu-~e angle with respeot to the partition plate~ -In a device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e ma-terials, when an angle de~ined between the equatorial plane o~ the toroidal chamber and a horizontal plane, falls within the above-specified limits, the current of the loose material being charged will divide into two flows running down the chamber walls along the wa~l portion~ situat6d bel~w the equatorial plane~
until the chamber i~ filled completely~ As the li~uid . 11 -2 ~ ~7 i~ being di~charged, no vigorou~ carryaway of the loose material take3 place 3ince the bulk of the loose material charged i~ not in su~pen~ion, Inclinat-ion of the chamber within the above-speciîiea limits during discharge provide~ a ~ub~tantial reduction of the classifying o~ the loose mat~rial over the cham-ber volume, hence better tability o~ den~ity of the 31urry handled, by virtue of the fact that the loo~e material ~inks to the di~charging unit ~long the low-er wall while being replaced by the liquid risingabove the loo~e material along the upper wall of the chamber. A~ thi~ take~ place 9 interaction between the liquid and the loose material i9 minlmi7ed. Be~ides, the min;m1zed interaction between the replacing li-quid and the 1Oo3e material e~ables it to be uniform-ly fed to the di~charging unit, which add~ to ~tabili-ty o~ the slurry den~ity.
Brief De~cription of the Drawin~s In what ~ollow~ the pre~ent inventio~ will now be disclo~ed in a detailed desoription of an illust-f r~ti~e embodiment thereo~ with re~erence to tha accom-p~ ny; n ~ drawing~, wherein:
~ igc 1 i~ a general view o~ a device ~or hydrau-lic ~onveyance o~ loose material~ (an i~ometric draw-ing), according to the invention;
Fig. 2 i~ ~ general ~ectional view o~ a device ~725~
~or hydraulic conveyance of loose material~ taken on a meridianal plane and showing a partition plate ar-ranged in an equatorial plane of the chamber, and a ~h~per of the loo~e material flow fitted in the lower chamber a~ related to the partition plate, according to the invention;
Fig. 3 i~ a ~ectional view taken on the meridian-al plane and ~howing the chamber with the partition plate, the 1003~ material flow shaper and a discharge flow 3haper fit~ed in their reqpective ~pace~, accord-ing to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 (with the chamber wall partly cut away);
~ig. 5 i~ a ~ectional view taken on the line V-V
in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a general ~chemAtic view of an install-atlon for hydraulic conveyance featuring two devices for hydraulic conveyance of loo~ material~, accord-ing to the invention.
Detailed Description of the Invention A device ~or hydraulic convsyance o~ loo~e mate-rial~ compri~e~ a toroidal chamber 1 (Fig. 1) provid-.. . .
ed with a pipe 2 for oharging the loo~e material and a pipe 3 ~or di~charging the liquid, both o~ thepipe~ being arranged on on~ ~ide with respect t~ a ~ 13 -2~)~7~S~
,.,~
merid; ~n~.l plane of the chamber 1 (the intersection between the meri~i~n~l plane and an equatorial pl~ne H is denoted "0")~ A slurry dischar~e unit 4 i~ ar-ranged on the other ~ide of the meridianal plane~ The equatorial plane H of the chamber 1 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane G at an angle ~ fall-ing within a range of ~ 90~, where ~ iB the angle of internal friction o~ the 0 1008e material, when ~aturated with the liquid used ~or hydraulic conveyance.
The slurry discharging unit 4 compris~s a pipe 5 for feeding the pressure liquid flow and a pipe 6 for discharging the ~lurry.
The minimum angle of inclination o~ the chamber 1 is determined praceeding from the condition o~ re-liable transfer o~ the loo~e m~terial to the slurry .
discharge unit 4 under gravity.
If the e~uatorial plane H of the chamber 1 is inclined at an angle ~ equal to or less than ~ , mo-bility of the particle~ is dra~tically reduced, which impede~ the supply of the loose material to the slur-ry di~charging unit 4 and renders the device operat-ion impracticable.
Studies have ~hown that even slight misalignment bet~een the equatorial plane H and the vertical plane leads to ~harp segregation o~ the loo~e material flow 2 ~ ~7 ~rom the flow of the liquid discharged, which reduce~
the amount of the loose material particle3 ¢arried away by the liquid di~charged. However, particle~ of the loose material remain to be in su~pen~ion under the action o~ the upward fl~w of the liquid discharg-edg but it tends to decrea~e i~ the misalignmsnt from the vertical plane increases still further. A ~ubstan-tial reduction in the amount of particles suspended is observed if cC~ 45~.
Studies have al~o demo~trated that if oC~40~, the amount of material particle~ carried away increases. Therefore, an optimum arrangement of the chamber 1 will be provided when ~ falls within a range of 40~ ~ ~ ~ 45~
If the loose material is charged in greater amount3 or after the chamber 1 has been completely charged, turbulent interaction between the flows of the loose material and the liquid discharged may be encountered. ~o maintain the l~mi nar nature of these flow~, the ch~mber 1 is pr~vided in its upper portio~
with the partiti~n plate 7 (~ig. 2) arranged ~ubstan-tially in the equatorial plane H ~o a8 to fo~m two space~ 8, 9 di~posed one b81O'R the ~ther. ~he lower space 8 communicate~ with the pipe 2 ~or charging the loose material, while the ~pace 9, with the pipe 3 for di~charging the liquid. Lsngth l o~ the partition ~ 15 -26)(~725~
., plate i3 equal to or less than the diamet2r of the generator circum~erence o~ the chamber 1.
To maintain the flows of the loo~e m~terial and the liquid di3charged under the condition~ cl~se to the l~m;n~r flow, the device i~ provided with Q loose material flow ~haper 10 and/~r a di~charge liquid fl~w ~haper 11 (~ig. 3) accommodated in~ide the res-pective ~paces 8, 9. The ~haper3 1~1 11 are made each in the ~orm o~ at lea~t one plate set with re~pect to the partiti~n plate 7 at an acute angle ~ who~e vor-tex i~ directed towards the upper part of the chamber 1, The loose material flow shaper 10 as illustrated in ~ig. 2 is made in the ~orm o~ one plate, while the shaper 10 and the discharge liquid ~l~w shaper 11 as shown in ~ig. 39 are made in the f~rm of a plurality of plates 12 (FigA 4) and 13 (~i~3 4, 5), re~pective-ly. All the plate~ 12 (~ig. 3) and 13 are disposed at substantially the same acute angle . Accor~g to one of the embodiments, the angle of inclination of the plates 12 of the shaper 10 differs from the angle of inclination of the plate~ 13 of the shaper 11. Magni-tude of the angle ~ i9 selected 90 as tn prevent clogging of the plates 12 with the loo~e material duri~g charging, and to preclude con~qiderable resist-ance ~f the plate~ 13 to the flow of the liquid beingdi~charged.
The lower edge~ of the plate~ 12 sre situated at 7~5~
, , the level o~ the lower edge of the partition plate 7 and above it, while the upper edges are ~paced a certain di~tance apart from the walls of the chamber 1, which enable~ the looqe material flow to be freely di~tributed in the clearances between the plate~ 12.
This di~tance m~y be equal to the diameter of the pipe 2 for charging the loose material or be at least three to ~ive time~ ~he diameter of the m~;ml~m ~ize o~ the large~t ~raction of the loo~e material handled.
1Q A device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e mate-rial~ make~ an integral part of an inqtallation for hydraulic conveyance. To provide for uninterrupted operation of the device~, the in~tallation compri~e~
two or more such device~ e~ch of which i~ connected to a low-lift quction dredge 16 via the pipe 2 and a ~lurry feeding pLpeline 14 (Fig. 6) provided with a che¢k valve 15; to a sump 19 o~ the l~w-lift 3uction dredge 16 via the pipe 3 and a discharge pipeline 17 provided with a gate valve 18 (not~hown in ~he figu- -re); to a high-lift water pump 22 via the pipe 5 and a pres~ure water conduit 20 provided with a gate valve 21~ The pump 22 i~ oonnected t~ a main pulp feeding pipeline 25 through the agency ~f the pre~-ure water conduit 20 and a bypas~ water conduit 23 providad with a &ate valve 24. ~he chamber~ 1 are con-nected to the main pulp fe~ding pipeline 25 by mea~
of the pipe~ 6, via the relief pipelines 26 provided 2 ~ ~7 with check valve3 27.
The device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e ma-teri~l~ operates a~ ~ollow~, From ths bulk being hol-lowed ~ut by a hydraulic giant, the 1003e material i~
fed into the ~ump 19 tFig, 6) of the low~ t suction dredge 16 and is further pumped along the ~lurry feed-ing pipaline 14 and the pipe 2 (~ig. 1) into the cham-ber 1 emptied of any loose material but filled with the liquid remaining after discharge. The flow o~ the loo~e material being charged i~ 3egregated into two flow3 delivered to the portions of the wall of the chamber 1 arranged below the equatorial plane H ~o that the loose material 31ip~ down the walls whereby the chamber 1 i~ filled. ~he exces~ liquid contained in the chamber 1 i~ di3placed by the loo~e material and i~ e~pelled, through the discharging pipe 3 and the di~charge pipeline 17 (Fig, 6), to the sump 19.
The exces~ liquid i~ di~charged primarily fr~m the upper layerl cont~ining the ~; ni m; zed amount of the lo~e material particles as in the course oP charging th~ loo~e material ~ettle~ on the wall portions of the Ghamber 1 3ituated above the ~quatorial plane, which prevent~ it~ particles from bein~ in ~u~pension, Thu~ the carryaway o~ the loo~e material particle~
by the liquid di~charged is minim;zed~
To preclude swirling flow~ of the loo~e materi-all and o~ the liquid that are liable to occur during _ 18 -2~)~37;~
disGharge, and to prevent pos~ible interaction bet-ween these flows, the device i3 provided with the partition plate 7 (Fig, 2).
In the case of incrsased operation efficiency of the device, hence greater amounts of the slurry and the liquid handled, or in the case of hydraulic con-veyance o~ fine-particle loo~e materials (such as close or dust-like ~a~d~)~ provisi~n is made in the device for the 1003e material flow ~haper 10 made in the form of a ~ingle-plate which guides the lonse ma-terial flow towards the wall portions o~ the chamber 1 situated above the equatorial plane H, ~erves as a settler for a certain part of the loose material, and prevents the stirring-up of the l~ose material layer formed between the lower walls of the chamber 1 and the plate. If a plurality o~ the plates 12 (Figs 3, 4) are provided, the aforedesoribed ef~ect i~ stren~-thened, thu3 m~nim;zing the amount o~ the loose mate-rial particles carried away by the liquid discharged, while ensuring a high operating efficiency o~ the de-vice. Furthermore, when charging the chamber 1 is be-ing completed and the 1003e material has been fllled to the level of the spaces 89 9, the partition plate 7 and the plates 13 operate as conden3ers whereby the l~ose material partiole~ carried away by ths liquid are settled on the plates.
From the chamber 1 (Fig. 1), the slurry is _ 19 _ 2~
e~pelled through the lischarging unit 4 into the main pulp feeding pipeline 25 (Fig. 6). A~ thi3 takes place, a pre~sure liquid flow is admitted through the pipe 5 (Fig. 2) in the chamber 1 to mi~ with the loo~e material a~ to form slurry to be di~charged through the pipe 6, As the chamber 1 i9 discharged, part of the liquid replacing the loose material being di~charged i~ fir~t tran~ferred from the slurry form~-tion zone situated at the inlet of ths pipe 6 to it~
upper portion inside the chamber 1 and flow~ still further upward~, along the lea~t resistance path, pa~t the throat lower portion and~ finally, it passe~
the portions of the chamber 1 that are located immedi-ately above the throat lower portion and abnve the equatorial plane H. ~hus, the liquid flow does not pa99 through the layer~ ~f the de~cending l~ose mate-rial, thereby preventing it~ classification~ and doe~
not resi~t the loose material flow a9 it move~ to-wards the discharging unit 4. ~hi3 make~ the~~lurry density stable~ .
~ hen one of the chamber~ 1 (Fig. 6) is being charged, the other one c~ the chamber~ 1 is being discharged. At this, in the chamber 1 being charged, the gate valve 21 and the check valve 27 are clo3ed, while the gate valve 18 a~d t~e check ~l~e 15 are open. In the chamber 1 being di~charged, the gate valve 18 and the check valve 15 are closed, while the 2 ~ ~72 gate valve 21 and the check valve 27 are open. After one of the chamber~ 1 has been filled completely but bef~re the gate valves 18 and 21 are shi~ted, the gate v~lve 24 of the bypas3 water conduit 23 is thrown open. After the gate valve~ 18 and 21 have been shi~ted, the gate valve 24 is closed.
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~ield of the Invention The invention relate3 generally to c.onveyance of materials by virtue of hydraulic means and, more specifically, to a device for hydraulic con~eyance of loose materials.
~he invention i~ ~ucce~fully applicable in the min~ne indu~try, in civil engineering, metallurgy, and in the farming indust~y for hydraulic conveying o~ loo~e material3 over long distance3.
tO Of ~pecial interest i~ practical applic~tion of the industry ~or hydraulic c~nveyance of ~uch loose materiAl~ as mineral raw materlals, in dres~ing practice when m;n;n~ placer and ~re dep~sit~ of the opencast and underground mining techniques, a~ w~ll a~ in c~n~truotion of hydraulic engi~eering ~tructure~.
Baokground of the Invention ~ t the present time, devices for hydraulic con-veyance of loose material~, comprising a chamber pro-vided with a loose material charging unit and a ~lur~ry di~char~ unit and making integrQl part o~ hyd-~aulic.conveyance in~tallations incorporating additi-onsl components ~uch a3 water pump~, pipeline~ ~top ~alves and fittings, should meet a number of require-ments including reliable operation o~ such devicesruling out.clogging of the discharge unit with tha ~ 2 --2~07253~
loose material, or hanging o~ the looae material in the chamber, which stem~ from the atrength of the chamber; as well as efficient chargi~g o~ the loose material resulting from minimlzed amount~ of the loo~e material particle~ carried away with the liquid being discharged during ~illing and mln;m;~ed amount o~ air fed into the chamber. Another requireme~t to be met resides in ef~icient ~lurry discharge due to l~w claa3ifying of the looae m~terial which i9 uni-formly fed to the di~ch~rge unlt.
One ~tate-of-the-art ~evice for hydraulic convey-ance of lo~ae rnaterial~ i~ k~own (SU, A, 615,015) to comprise a vertically in3talled chamber having a cy-lindricQl ~hape and pr~Yided wi th a pipe for charging the looae material in the form of alurry, which pipe al~o aerves aa a pipe for di~charging the slurry lnto a pulp ~eedin~s pipe, a pre~sure liquid ~low îeeding pipe, and a liquid discharge pipe located in the top portion of the chamberO
rllo m;nlm;ze the amount of the loose materi~l particle~ carried away w~th the li~uid being diseharg-edl the chamber i~ charged in an upward ~low" while the liquid being diacharged i~ separated from the looce material bein~ charged, by meana of a ~cree~
w~:Li¢h is adapted to move langthwi~e the chamber as it i~ bei~g chargeà from below and intended to reduoe the amount of the loo~ material particle~ carried - . . .
2~7~
aw~y by the liquid' being discharged.
Pro~ision of a mvvable ~creen in~ide the chamber renders the construction more ~ophi~ticated and re-dure~ it~ reliability. Moreover, chargin~ the ~lurry 5 in an upward Xlow re~ult3 in inten~e classifying of the loo~e naterial in term~ af den~ity a2ld size, which i~ also the ca~c during di~charge of the cham-ber, with attendant instability of the ~lurry density.
Thus, the aforedescribed device fails to provide the conveyance of stable den~ity ~lurry to the pulp ~eeding pipe, while a reduction in the amount of the lo~e m~terial carried away by the liquid being dis-charged i9 attained at the expense of reliability of the device, One more prior-art device for hydraulic convey-ance o~ 1003e material~ (SU, A, 391,974) is known to compri~e a vertically i~stalled chamber havin~ a cy-lindrical ~hape. Preparatory to charging, part of the liquid i9 expelled from the chamber through a pipe . 20 pro~ided in it~ bott~m portlon~ in order to ~inimize the ~amount of the loo~e material carried away~
To reduce the cla~ifying taking place, when the ohamber i~ being di~charg~d, the pre~ure liquid flow i8 dlvided into two ~low~ fed into the chamber 25 throu~h two pipes one of which is located in the top portion of the chamber.
The additio~al operations ~uch a~ dr~;n;ng the 2~ 7 liquid preparatory to charging and delivery of the part OI the liquid flow durin~ discharge, consider-ably reduce the e~iciency of the device and render it~ control 9y9tem more ~ophi~ticated. At lea~t three chambers are required to enable continuou~ di~charge of the ~lurry into the pulp ~eeding pipe. Ths afore-mentioned deviGe feature~ low reliability re~ulting from the ~act that the chamber may only be charged with dry or dehydrated materi~l tending to hang up i~
the chamber, which promote9 clogging o~ the di~charge pipe if water content of the loose material i9 too low.
By-pa~ing part of the pressure liquid flow up-ward the chamber reduces the ~tability of slurry dens-ity, becau~e in the cour~e of discharging the ratiobetween the pre~ure liquid flow rates i~ changed due to increa~ed rate of the pre~ure li.quid make-up ~l~w.
Effective control over the ratio between the rates o~
the main flow and the make-up (upper) flow o~ the pres~ure liquid iJ virtually un~ea~ibleO
Known pre~ently are other device~ for hydraulic - conveyance of loo~e materials (SU, A, 612,873; SU, A, ~98,000) where attempt~ have been made to reduce the : amount o~ the loo~e material partiele~ carried away during chargi~
In the ~ormer of the embodiment~ mentioned here-.
inbefore, air i9 force fed into the top portion of a , .
2~ 72~) , . , cylindrically ~haped chamber during di3charge. A3 aresult, after discharge is o~er7 the chamber remai~a empty without the need to drain the liquid.
However, the above-de~cribed device of~er3 but a low margin of ~afety because of po~ible loss of lsak--tightnesa of the chamber, with attendant hazard of compreased air bur~tingO Power consumption of the de-vice i~ far too high to e~fect hydraulic conveyance over long distances. Thia predetermines the use of a compressor having a power capacity greater than that q~ the primary preaaure unit - the water pump. Fur-thermore, the device suffer~ fr~m low productlon effi-ciency resulting from the fact that the de~ice can .. . . .
only be charged when the pressure in~ide the chamber 15 i3 reduced to the atmospheric, pre~sure.
In the latter of the devioe~ mentioned herein-before, the ¢hamber is made in the form of a hydrau-lic cyclone, which allow~ the discharged li~uid to be separated and diverted while the slurry i~ b~in~
oharged into the chamber. In ~uch an embodiment ? the top portion o~ the chamber ~perating as a hydraulic cy~,lone, i~ aubae~t to ~ast wear, which ln tur~ a~-.
fect~ adver~ely the chambar ~trength characteristic3.
In the above-ai~cusaed devices, the chamber dis-25 ¢harge proce~ accompanied by clas~i~ying o~ theloa~e material taking pl~ce as it i~ being expelled ~rom the chamber by the liquid. The clas3ifying 2~ 2~
occurs due to segregation of the lo~e material a~ it de3cends, the ~maller and lighter particle3 being ~u.~pended.
Still another device for hydraulic conveyance of loose material~ (SU, A, 1,~68,496) is known to com-pri3e a toroidal chamber having a meridianal plane a~d an equatorial plane a~d provided with pipes for ¢harging the loose material and discharging the li-quid u~ed for hydraulic conveyance, both ~ the pipe~
being arranged on one side with respect to the meridi-anal plane of the toroidal chamber, and with a slurry di~charge de~ice arran~ed on the other ~ide with res-pect to the meri~;~n~l plane, the equatorial plane of the chamber being di~posed vertically.
The toroidal ~hape af the chamber contributes to it~ higher ~trength and m;n;m;ze~ ~pecific metal con-~umption~
Loose materials can be charged into the toroidal chamber in the for~m of ~lurry by loading it in a 2Q ~tandstill zone on the ~urface of the throat of the toroidal chamber9 that i~ on the inner wall in itq up-per portion. ~rom the in~er wall, the loo~e material ~lips down until lu~p~ of the material drop down in a re~trained manner, thu~ min;~;zi~g the amount of the -25 loo~e material particle~ carrled away by the liquid di~charged becau~e additional energy is required to bre~k the particle~ loo~e frsm the bulk of the materi-2~72~) a~. Be3ide3, the portion of the toroidal chamber di~-posed above it~ throat u~ed for charging the loo~e ma-teriall ha3 ~ larger cro~ ection than the aforede~-c~ibed chamber~ having di~ferent ~hape~ but the ~ame 5 volume~ Because of thi~ the uplift rate of the li-quid being di~¢hargad i3 la~ than that in an~ of the a~olre-mexltioned devicesa and it tends to decline - still further a~ the di~tance between the cylindrical portions of the chamber or the chamber throat radius increa~e~.
However, as the operating efficiency of such de-vices increases, which inv~lves greater flow rate~ of the slurry being handled, the amount of the loose ma-terial particles carried away by the liquid di~charg-ed tend~ ts increa3e as well, ~ince the material charging portion of the throat fails to sccept all the loose material fed in, with the result that part of the loose material is repelled by the throat ~ur-~ace, thu cau~ing 31urry ~wirling flows.
A~ compared to chambsr~ of the other shapes des-cribed hereinbefore, use of a toroidal chamber enable~ the loo~e material to be more uniformly fed to the di3charging unit, and the loose material i~
le~s liable to ola~sifyin~ by virtue of the fact that the loo~e material i~ circumfluent the lower portion of the throat 3urfaoe in a downward flow, where~ the liquid i~ circumfluent the ~ame~oat ~ion in an u~rd 2~7;~
.
flow. Such an arrangement of the flnw~ make~ it pos3i-ble to reduce the resistance of the liquid to the loose material because of the fact that th~ major li-quid flow is formed nearby the throat wall, viz., clo~e to the inner wall of the chamber. Ho~ever, in common with the aforede~cribed device~, a~ the height of the vertical cylindrical portion~ n~ th~ chamber increa~e~? the loo~e material i~ liable t~ be ~egre-gated by particle ~ize and den3ity, as for hei~ht of these portions, which i~ cau~ative of cla~sification and reduced ~tability of the ~lurry den~ity.
Brief Summary of the Invention It is therefore an object o~ the present invent-ion to provide a device for hydr~ulic aonveyance of loo~e m~terials, which would en~ure a reduction in the amount o~ the loose material carried away by the ~ liquid discharged, when th~ loo~e material i~ being ch~rged into the chamber, and an increa~e in the 3ta- -bility of den~ity of the slurry being handledO
With the foregoing and other objects in view the present invention thus reside~ in the ~act that in a device for hydraulic conveyance of loose m~teri al~, compri~ing a toroidal ch~mber having a meridian-~1 plane and an equatorial plane and provided ~ith pipe~ for charging the loo~e material and di3charging the liquid u~ed for hydraulic conveyance, both of the pipe~ being arr~nged on o~e ~ids with respect to the _ 9 _ 2 ~ ~7 meridianal plane of the toroidal chamber, and with a ~lurry discharge device arranged on the other 3ide with re3pect to the meridianal plane, according to the invention, an angle defined between the equatori~
al plane o~ the toroidal chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of ~ o~ 90~, where oC i8 the angle defined between the equatorial plane of the t~roidal chamber and a horizont-al plane;
i~ the angle of internal friction of the lo~se material t when saturated with the li-quid u~ed ~or hydraulic conveyanae.
It is expedient that in a device for hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, the an~le de-fined between the equatorial plane o~ the t~roidal chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of 40~~ 450 It is favourable that in a device *or hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, the toroidal chamber be provided with a partition plate ~itted in its upper part and disposed substantially in the equa-torial plane so a~ to ~orm two spaces arranged one be-low the oth~r, the lower ~paoe being ass~ciated with the loo~e material charging pipe~ while the upper space communicates with thei liquid discharge pipe.
It is advantageous that a device for hydraulic ~ 10 -2 ~7 conveyance, according to the invention, be provided with a loose material ~low shaper and/or a di~charge liquid flow shaper accommodated inside the respective ~paces.
It i~ effective that in a device for hydraulic con~eya~ce, according to the invention, the shaper forming the flow of the loose material and the shaper forming the flow of the liquid being disch~rged are made each i~ the form of at lea~t one plate set with respect to the partition plate at an acute whose vor-te~ is directed towards the upper part of the toroid-al chamber, It i~ reasonable that in a device for hydraulic conveyance, according to the invention, when the 3haper~ forming the flow3 of the loose mBterial and the liquid being discharged are made in the form of 8 plurality of plates, the pla~te~ be disposed at sub-st~ntially the same acu-~e angle with respeot to the partition plate~ -In a device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e ma-terials, when an angle de~ined between the equatorial plane o~ the toroidal chamber and a horizontal plane, falls within the above-specified limits, the current of the loose material being charged will divide into two flows running down the chamber walls along the wa~l portion~ situat6d bel~w the equatorial plane~
until the chamber i~ filled completely~ As the li~uid . 11 -2 ~ ~7 i~ being di~charged, no vigorou~ carryaway of the loose material take3 place 3ince the bulk of the loose material charged i~ not in su~pen~ion, Inclinat-ion of the chamber within the above-speciîiea limits during discharge provide~ a ~ub~tantial reduction of the classifying o~ the loose mat~rial over the cham-ber volume, hence better tability o~ den~ity of the 31urry handled, by virtue of the fact that the loo~e material ~inks to the di~charging unit ~long the low-er wall while being replaced by the liquid risingabove the loo~e material along the upper wall of the chamber. A~ thi~ take~ place 9 interaction between the liquid and the loose material i9 minlmi7ed. Be~ides, the min;m1zed interaction between the replacing li-quid and the 1Oo3e material e~ables it to be uniform-ly fed to the di~charging unit, which add~ to ~tabili-ty o~ the slurry den~ity.
Brief De~cription of the Drawin~s In what ~ollow~ the pre~ent inventio~ will now be disclo~ed in a detailed desoription of an illust-f r~ti~e embodiment thereo~ with re~erence to tha accom-p~ ny; n ~ drawing~, wherein:
~ igc 1 i~ a general view o~ a device ~or hydrau-lic ~onveyance o~ loose material~ (an i~ometric draw-ing), according to the invention;
Fig. 2 i~ ~ general ~ectional view o~ a device ~725~
~or hydraulic conveyance of loose material~ taken on a meridianal plane and showing a partition plate ar-ranged in an equatorial plane of the chamber, and a ~h~per of the loo~e material flow fitted in the lower chamber a~ related to the partition plate, according to the invention;
Fig. 3 i~ a ~ectional view taken on the meridian-al plane and ~howing the chamber with the partition plate, the 1003~ material flow shaper and a discharge flow 3haper fit~ed in their reqpective ~pace~, accord-ing to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 (with the chamber wall partly cut away);
~ig. 5 i~ a ~ectional view taken on the line V-V
in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a general ~chemAtic view of an install-atlon for hydraulic conveyance featuring two devices for hydraulic conveyance of loo~ material~, accord-ing to the invention.
Detailed Description of the Invention A device ~or hydraulic convsyance o~ loo~e mate-rial~ compri~e~ a toroidal chamber 1 (Fig. 1) provid-.. . .
ed with a pipe 2 for oharging the loo~e material and a pipe 3 ~or di~charging the liquid, both o~ thepipe~ being arranged on on~ ~ide with respect t~ a ~ 13 -2~)~7~S~
,.,~
merid; ~n~.l plane of the chamber 1 (the intersection between the meri~i~n~l plane and an equatorial pl~ne H is denoted "0")~ A slurry dischar~e unit 4 i~ ar-ranged on the other ~ide of the meridianal plane~ The equatorial plane H of the chamber 1 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane G at an angle ~ fall-ing within a range of ~ 90~, where ~ iB the angle of internal friction o~ the 0 1008e material, when ~aturated with the liquid used ~or hydraulic conveyance.
The slurry discharging unit 4 compris~s a pipe 5 for feeding the pressure liquid flow and a pipe 6 for discharging the ~lurry.
The minimum angle of inclination o~ the chamber 1 is determined praceeding from the condition o~ re-liable transfer o~ the loo~e m~terial to the slurry .
discharge unit 4 under gravity.
If the e~uatorial plane H of the chamber 1 is inclined at an angle ~ equal to or less than ~ , mo-bility of the particle~ is dra~tically reduced, which impede~ the supply of the loose material to the slur-ry di~charging unit 4 and renders the device operat-ion impracticable.
Studies have ~hown that even slight misalignment bet~een the equatorial plane H and the vertical plane leads to ~harp segregation o~ the loo~e material flow 2 ~ ~7 ~rom the flow of the liquid discharged, which reduce~
the amount of the loose material particle3 ¢arried away by the liquid di~charged. However, particle~ of the loose material remain to be in su~pen~ion under the action o~ the upward fl~w of the liquid discharg-edg but it tends to decrea~e i~ the misalignmsnt from the vertical plane increases still further. A ~ubstan-tial reduction in the amount of particles suspended is observed if cC~ 45~.
Studies have al~o demo~trated that if oC~40~, the amount of material particle~ carried away increases. Therefore, an optimum arrangement of the chamber 1 will be provided when ~ falls within a range of 40~ ~ ~ ~ 45~
If the loose material is charged in greater amount3 or after the chamber 1 has been completely charged, turbulent interaction between the flows of the loose material and the liquid discharged may be encountered. ~o maintain the l~mi nar nature of these flow~, the ch~mber 1 is pr~vided in its upper portio~
with the partiti~n plate 7 (~ig. 2) arranged ~ubstan-tially in the equatorial plane H ~o a8 to fo~m two space~ 8, 9 di~posed one b81O'R the ~ther. ~he lower space 8 communicate~ with the pipe 2 ~or charging the loose material, while the ~pace 9, with the pipe 3 for di~charging the liquid. Lsngth l o~ the partition ~ 15 -26)(~725~
., plate i3 equal to or less than the diamet2r of the generator circum~erence o~ the chamber 1.
To maintain the flows of the loo~e m~terial and the liquid di3charged under the condition~ cl~se to the l~m;n~r flow, the device i~ provided with Q loose material flow ~haper 10 and/~r a di~charge liquid fl~w ~haper 11 (~ig. 3) accommodated in~ide the res-pective ~paces 8, 9. The ~haper3 1~1 11 are made each in the ~orm o~ at lea~t one plate set with re~pect to the partiti~n plate 7 at an acute angle ~ who~e vor-tex i~ directed towards the upper part of the chamber 1, The loose material flow shaper 10 as illustrated in ~ig. 2 is made in the ~orm o~ one plate, while the shaper 10 and the discharge liquid ~l~w shaper 11 as shown in ~ig. 39 are made in the f~rm of a plurality of plates 12 (FigA 4) and 13 (~i~3 4, 5), re~pective-ly. All the plate~ 12 (~ig. 3) and 13 are disposed at substantially the same acute angle . Accor~g to one of the embodiments, the angle of inclination of the plates 12 of the shaper 10 differs from the angle of inclination of the plate~ 13 of the shaper 11. Magni-tude of the angle ~ i9 selected 90 as tn prevent clogging of the plates 12 with the loo~e material duri~g charging, and to preclude con~qiderable resist-ance ~f the plate~ 13 to the flow of the liquid beingdi~charged.
The lower edge~ of the plate~ 12 sre situated at 7~5~
, , the level o~ the lower edge of the partition plate 7 and above it, while the upper edges are ~paced a certain di~tance apart from the walls of the chamber 1, which enable~ the looqe material flow to be freely di~tributed in the clearances between the plate~ 12.
This di~tance m~y be equal to the diameter of the pipe 2 for charging the loose material or be at least three to ~ive time~ ~he diameter of the m~;ml~m ~ize o~ the large~t ~raction of the loo~e material handled.
1Q A device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e mate-rial~ make~ an integral part of an inqtallation for hydraulic conveyance. To provide for uninterrupted operation of the device~, the in~tallation compri~e~
two or more such device~ e~ch of which i~ connected to a low-lift quction dredge 16 via the pipe 2 and a ~lurry feeding pLpeline 14 (Fig. 6) provided with a che¢k valve 15; to a sump 19 o~ the l~w-lift 3uction dredge 16 via the pipe 3 and a discharge pipeline 17 provided with a gate valve 18 (not~hown in ~he figu- -re); to a high-lift water pump 22 via the pipe 5 and a pres~ure water conduit 20 provided with a gate valve 21~ The pump 22 i~ oonnected t~ a main pulp feeding pipeline 25 through the agency ~f the pre~-ure water conduit 20 and a bypas~ water conduit 23 providad with a &ate valve 24. ~he chamber~ 1 are con-nected to the main pulp fe~ding pipeline 25 by mea~
of the pipe~ 6, via the relief pipelines 26 provided 2 ~ ~7 with check valve3 27.
The device for hydraulic conveyance of loo~e ma-teri~l~ operates a~ ~ollow~, From ths bulk being hol-lowed ~ut by a hydraulic giant, the 1003e material i~
fed into the ~ump 19 tFig, 6) of the low~ t suction dredge 16 and is further pumped along the ~lurry feed-ing pipaline 14 and the pipe 2 (~ig. 1) into the cham-ber 1 emptied of any loose material but filled with the liquid remaining after discharge. The flow o~ the loo~e material being charged i~ 3egregated into two flow3 delivered to the portions of the wall of the chamber 1 arranged below the equatorial plane H ~o that the loose material 31ip~ down the walls whereby the chamber 1 i~ filled. ~he exces~ liquid contained in the chamber 1 i~ di3placed by the loo~e material and i~ e~pelled, through the discharging pipe 3 and the di~charge pipeline 17 (Fig, 6), to the sump 19.
The exces~ liquid i~ di~charged primarily fr~m the upper layerl cont~ining the ~; ni m; zed amount of the lo~e material particles as in the course oP charging th~ loo~e material ~ettle~ on the wall portions of the Ghamber 1 3ituated above the ~quatorial plane, which prevent~ it~ particles from bein~ in ~u~pension, Thu~ the carryaway o~ the loo~e material particle~
by the liquid di~charged is minim;zed~
To preclude swirling flow~ of the loo~e materi-all and o~ the liquid that are liable to occur during _ 18 -2~)~37;~
disGharge, and to prevent pos~ible interaction bet-ween these flows, the device i3 provided with the partition plate 7 (Fig, 2).
In the case of incrsased operation efficiency of the device, hence greater amounts of the slurry and the liquid handled, or in the case of hydraulic con-veyance o~ fine-particle loo~e materials (such as close or dust-like ~a~d~)~ provisi~n is made in the device for the 1003e material flow ~haper 10 made in the form of a ~ingle-plate which guides the lonse ma-terial flow towards the wall portions o~ the chamber 1 situated above the equatorial plane H, ~erves as a settler for a certain part of the loose material, and prevents the stirring-up of the l~ose material layer formed between the lower walls of the chamber 1 and the plate. If a plurality o~ the plates 12 (Figs 3, 4) are provided, the aforedesoribed ef~ect i~ stren~-thened, thu3 m~nim;zing the amount o~ the loose mate-rial particles carried away by the liquid discharged, while ensuring a high operating efficiency o~ the de-vice. Furthermore, when charging the chamber 1 is be-ing completed and the 1003e material has been fllled to the level of the spaces 89 9, the partition plate 7 and the plates 13 operate as conden3ers whereby the l~ose material partiole~ carried away by ths liquid are settled on the plates.
From the chamber 1 (Fig. 1), the slurry is _ 19 _ 2~
e~pelled through the lischarging unit 4 into the main pulp feeding pipeline 25 (Fig. 6). A~ thi3 takes place, a pre~sure liquid flow is admitted through the pipe 5 (Fig. 2) in the chamber 1 to mi~ with the loo~e material a~ to form slurry to be di~charged through the pipe 6, As the chamber 1 i9 discharged, part of the liquid replacing the loose material being di~charged i~ fir~t tran~ferred from the slurry form~-tion zone situated at the inlet of ths pipe 6 to it~
upper portion inside the chamber 1 and flow~ still further upward~, along the lea~t resistance path, pa~t the throat lower portion and~ finally, it passe~
the portions of the chamber 1 that are located immedi-ately above the throat lower portion and abnve the equatorial plane H. ~hus, the liquid flow does not pa99 through the layer~ ~f the de~cending l~ose mate-rial, thereby preventing it~ classification~ and doe~
not resi~t the loose material flow a9 it move~ to-wards the discharging unit 4. ~hi3 make~ the~~lurry density stable~ .
~ hen one of the chamber~ 1 (Fig. 6) is being charged, the other one c~ the chamber~ 1 is being discharged. At this, in the chamber 1 being charged, the gate valve 21 and the check valve 27 are clo3ed, while the gate valve 18 a~d t~e check ~l~e 15 are open. In the chamber 1 being di~charged, the gate valve 18 and the check valve 15 are closed, while the 2 ~ ~72 gate valve 21 and the check valve 27 are open. After one of the chamber~ 1 has been filled completely but bef~re the gate valves 18 and 21 are shi~ted, the gate v~lve 24 of the bypas3 water conduit 23 is thrown open. After the gate valve~ 18 and 21 have been shi~ted, the gate valve 24 is closed.
Claims (10)
1. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials, comprising:
- a toroidal chamber having a meridianal plane and an equatorial plane thereof and arranged in such a way that an angle .delta. defined between said equatorial plane and a horizontal plane, be within a range of ~<.delta.<90°, where ~ is the angle of internal friction of the loose material, when saturated with the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance;
- a first pipe for charging the loose material and a second pipe for discharging the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance, both of said pipes being arranged on one side with respect to said meridianal plane in the upper portion of said chamber;
- a slurry discharge unit arranged on the other side of said meridianal plane in the lower portion of said chamber.
- a toroidal chamber having a meridianal plane and an equatorial plane thereof and arranged in such a way that an angle .delta. defined between said equatorial plane and a horizontal plane, be within a range of ~<.delta.<90°, where ~ is the angle of internal friction of the loose material, when saturated with the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance;
- a first pipe for charging the loose material and a second pipe for discharging the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance, both of said pipes being arranged on one side with respect to said meridianal plane in the upper portion of said chamber;
- a slurry discharge unit arranged on the other side of said meridianal plane in the lower portion of said chamber.
2. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 19 wherein the angle .delta.
defined between said equatorial plane of said chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of 40° ~ .delta. ~ 45°.
defined between said equatorial plane of said chamber and a horizontal plane, be within a range of 40° ~ .delta. ~ 45°.
3. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 2, comprising:
- a partition plate provided in said chamber and arranged substantially in said equatorial plane so as to form a first space and a second space disposed one below the other; the first lower space being associated with the first pipe for charging the loose material;
the second upper space being associated with the second pipe for discharging the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance.
- a partition plate provided in said chamber and arranged substantially in said equatorial plane so as to form a first space and a second space disposed one below the other; the first lower space being associated with the first pipe for charging the loose material;
the second upper space being associated with the second pipe for discharging the liquid used for hydraulic conveyance.
4. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 3, comprising a shaper of the flow of the loose material being charged into said chamber accommodated in the first lower space.
5. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 3, comprising a shaper of the flow of the liquid discharged during charging the loose material, accommodated in the second upper space.
6. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 3, comprising:
- a shaper of the flow of the loose material being charged into said chamber accommodated in the first lower space;
- a shaper of the flow of the liquid discharged during charging the loose material, accommodated in the second upper space.
- a shaper of the flow of the loose material being charged into said chamber accommodated in the first lower space;
- a shaper of the flow of the liquid discharged during charging the loose material, accommodated in the second upper space.
7. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said loose material flow shaper is made in the form of at least one plate set with respect to said partition plate at an acute angle whose vortex is directed towards the upper part of said chamber,
8. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 5, wherein said discharged liquid flow shaper is made in the form of at least one plate set with respect to said partition plate at an acute angle whose vortex is directed towards the upper part of said chamber.
9. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 7, wherein said loose material flow shaper is made in the form of a plurality of plates disposed at substantially the same acute angle with respect to said partition plate.
10. A device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials as claimed in Claim 8, wherein said discharged liquid flow shaper is made in the form of a plurality of plates disposed at substantially the same acute angle with respect to said partition plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2007250 CA2007250C (en) | 1990-01-05 | 1990-01-05 | Device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2007250 CA2007250C (en) | 1990-01-05 | 1990-01-05 | Device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2007250A1 CA2007250A1 (en) | 1991-07-05 |
| CA2007250C true CA2007250C (en) | 1999-03-16 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2007250 Expired - Lifetime CA2007250C (en) | 1990-01-05 | 1990-01-05 | Device for hydraulic conveyance of loose materials |
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| Country | Link |
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| CA (1) | CA2007250C (en) |
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| GB2395920B (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2006-08-02 | Dynamic Proc Solutions Plc | Apparatus for inhibiting fines carryover |
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1990
- 1990-01-05 CA CA 2007250 patent/CA2007250C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CA2007250A1 (en) | 1991-07-05 |
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