CA2005433A1 - Expulsion projectile - Google Patents
Expulsion projectileInfo
- Publication number
- CA2005433A1 CA2005433A1 CA002005433A CA2005433A CA2005433A1 CA 2005433 A1 CA2005433 A1 CA 2005433A1 CA 002005433 A CA002005433 A CA 002005433A CA 2005433 A CA2005433 A CA 2005433A CA 2005433 A1 CA2005433 A1 CA 2005433A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- retaining plate
- fuse
- base member
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
- F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
- F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A projectile having a housing (1) containing a rear cavity (2) for the receipt of a canister (3) to be rearwardly ejected after firing of the projectile. The rear cavity is closed by a closure assembly (11) consisting of an inner substantially rigid base member (13) and an outer relatively thin retaining plate (14) holding the base member in position and, in turn, held in position by a radially, inwardly directed flange (15) of the housing. The base member is of a smaller diameter than the retaining plate to thereby provide a mechanical advantage so that the retaining plate will more readily bulge outwardly so that its peripheral edge portion will be released from the confines of the radially, inwardly directed flange.
A projectile having a housing (1) containing a rear cavity (2) for the receipt of a canister (3) to be rearwardly ejected after firing of the projectile. The rear cavity is closed by a closure assembly (11) consisting of an inner substantially rigid base member (13) and an outer relatively thin retaining plate (14) holding the base member in position and, in turn, held in position by a radially, inwardly directed flange (15) of the housing. The base member is of a smaller diameter than the retaining plate to thereby provide a mechanical advantage so that the retaining plate will more readily bulge outwardly so that its peripheral edge portion will be released from the confines of the radially, inwardly directed flange.
Description
EXPULSION PROJECTILE
.
5 Technical Field This invention relates to an expulsion projectile, and more particularly a projectile for training purposes where a full explosive effect, as required in combat situations, is not required, but 10 detonation of a quantity of pyrotechnic is required to provide personnel with an indication of the results of firing of the projectile during training. The projectile may also be utilized to release items other than quantities of pyrotechnic, such as canisters containing 15 flares or explosive devices which are required to be .
distributed.
', :
' ,- ' ... - . ": ~ . . .. . . ~
Z~ 33 Background Art In practice, the firing of a training projectile from a gun, cannon or like launching device or weapon, involves the use of a round of ammunition 5 consisting of a cartridge case containing a propellant and also the projectile itself which are loaded in to the breach of the weapon, the projectile being loaded first followed by the cartridge case, and which upon firing ignites the propellant in the cartridge case to launch 10 the projectile towards the desir~d target. With expulsion projectiles for training purposes, a canister ;~ ;`
of pyrotechnic (or high explosive) is contained within a cavity in the rear of the projectile, and together with a fuze, is held in place by a closure assembly for the 15 cavity. The closure assembly must be sufficiently strong ~-as to not rupture inwardly under the force exerted by the propellant gases in the cartridge case, but also `
sufficiently weak to rupture outwardly when the pyrotechnic spotting package in the projectile either 20 functions or is ejected and the products of combustion of the pyrotechnic in the form of light (flame) and smoke provide an indication to personnel during training.
Nith one form of known expulsion projectile the closure assembly consists of a plug screw-threaded into 25 the rear end of the projectile to close the cavity containing the pyrotechnic and the fuze or other payloads, but the force created by functioning of an expulsion charge or the detonation of the pyrotechnic has i~
to be sufficient to shear the threads of the 30 screw-threaded plug and in order to do so, the ejection ;
force must be relatively large.
Disclosure of the Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a projectile, the rear closure ; ;
35 assembly or base of which can withstand the externally '~
.
5 Technical Field This invention relates to an expulsion projectile, and more particularly a projectile for training purposes where a full explosive effect, as required in combat situations, is not required, but 10 detonation of a quantity of pyrotechnic is required to provide personnel with an indication of the results of firing of the projectile during training. The projectile may also be utilized to release items other than quantities of pyrotechnic, such as canisters containing 15 flares or explosive devices which are required to be .
distributed.
', :
' ,- ' ... - . ": ~ . . .. . . ~
Z~ 33 Background Art In practice, the firing of a training projectile from a gun, cannon or like launching device or weapon, involves the use of a round of ammunition 5 consisting of a cartridge case containing a propellant and also the projectile itself which are loaded in to the breach of the weapon, the projectile being loaded first followed by the cartridge case, and which upon firing ignites the propellant in the cartridge case to launch 10 the projectile towards the desir~d target. With expulsion projectiles for training purposes, a canister ;~ ;`
of pyrotechnic (or high explosive) is contained within a cavity in the rear of the projectile, and together with a fuze, is held in place by a closure assembly for the 15 cavity. The closure assembly must be sufficiently strong ~-as to not rupture inwardly under the force exerted by the propellant gases in the cartridge case, but also `
sufficiently weak to rupture outwardly when the pyrotechnic spotting package in the projectile either 20 functions or is ejected and the products of combustion of the pyrotechnic in the form of light (flame) and smoke provide an indication to personnel during training.
Nith one form of known expulsion projectile the closure assembly consists of a plug screw-threaded into 25 the rear end of the projectile to close the cavity containing the pyrotechnic and the fuze or other payloads, but the force created by functioning of an expulsion charge or the detonation of the pyrotechnic has i~
to be sufficient to shear the threads of the 30 screw-threaded plug and in order to do so, the ejection ;
force must be relatively large.
Disclosure of the Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a projectile, the rear closure ; ;
35 assembly or base of which can withstand the externally '~
2~~15~3~
:
applied forces applied to the projectile when the round is fired, but which can be relatively easily rearwardly released from connection to the projectile using a minimum ejection force.
The invention therefor envisages a pxojectile having a housing containing a rear cavity for the receipt of a canister to be rearwardly ejected after firing of the projectile, said rear cavity being closed by a closure assembly, said closure assembly including an 10 inner substantially rigid base member and an outer relatively thin retaining plate holding the base member in position and, in turn, held in position by a radially inwardly directed~retaining means carried by the projectile housing and overlying a peripheral edge 15 portion of the retaining plate.
During firing of the projectile, the external forces applied after deflagration of the propellant in the cartridge case are borne by the combination of the rigid base member and the retaining plate, whilst upon 20 functioning of an expulsion charge or detonation of the pyrotechnic after impact with a target, or upon functioning of a time delay fuze in the cavity, the closure assembly is rearwardly ejected as the retaining plate bulges outwardly whereby its peripheral edge 25 portion moves radially inwardly to escape the confines of the retaining means.
Preferably said retaining means is a flange formed integrally with the projectile housing - -Preferably the diameter of the base member is 30 less than that of the retaining plate whereby the forces applied by its peripheral edge to the retaining plate are radially inwardly of the periphery of the retaining plate to provide a mechanical advantage such that the retaining plate more readily bulges outwardly to release its . - : , : .. . . ..
.
,:, : - ~ . , . .:
- , : - :
. . . : . . . . .
. - . .: .:
~S4~33 peripheral edge portion from the confines of the radially -inwardly directed flan~e of the projectile housing -without any plastic deformation of the plate.
Brief Description of the Drawings . . . _ _ . . _ .
One preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through the rear portion of a projectile in accordance with the ~ ;
10 preferred embodiment of the present invention; and -Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2~2 of Figure 1.
::
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention In this preferred embodiment of the invention, 15 the projectile comprises a generally cylindrical housing 1 tapering forwardly (not shown) to an inert tip or nose, and also tapering rearwardly as shown, to its rear end or base. The forward end of the projectile contains an elongate cylindrical cavity la, the forward end of which 20 is closed by à conical tip member (not shown). -The rear end of the projectile contains a rear cylindrical cavity 2 in which is inserted a thin walled aluminium canister 3 containing a pyrotechnic (or high explosive), followed by a cylindrical nylon holder 4 ~ -25 bearing against the end of the canister 3 and which, in -turn, has a reax cylindrical cavity 5 which receives a fuze 8. The orientation of the fuze is correctly aligned by means of an alignment pin 6 extending radially inwardly of the holder 4 to engage within a slot 7 30 extending longitudinally of the fuze 8. The holder 4 is, in turn, held in place via an annular spacer 9 and disc-shaped felt pad 10 to allow for any dimensional tolerances, and the whole assembly is completed by a closure assembly generally indicated as 11.
.,`
2Q~5~3 .,, The rear cavity 2 is stepped as 12 to provide a larger diameter portion ~a at the opening from the cavity 2, and the closure assembly 11 comprises a rigid steel, disc-shaped base member 13 bearing against the ~elt pad 5 10 and slidably received within the larger diameter portion 2a of the cavity 2. The closure assembly 11 is completed by a thin outer aluminium retaining plate 14, the circumferential peripheral portion of which is held in place by a radially inwardly directed circumferential 10 flange 15 forming part of the rear end of the housing 1 o the projectile.
In the embodiment described, upon launching of the projectile frQm the weapon by means of deflagration of the propellant in the associated cartridge case as 15 previously described, the external forces applied to the rear or base of the projectile are borne by the closure - :
assembly 11, and in particular the rigid base member 13, so as to prevent actuation of the fuze 8 and premature detonation of the pyrotechnic in the canister 3.
20 However, upon impact of the projectile with the target the impact forces will cause actuation of the fuze 8 and -detonation of the pyrotechnic within the canister 3 causing an expansion of the products of combustion of the ~ .
pyrotechnic within the rear cavity 2 to act on the 25 assembly of holder 4, spacer 9, pad 10 and closure assembly 11 and cause the assembly to be rearwardly ejected from the projectile with the combusting pyrotechnic resulting in the production of light (flame) and sound to indicate to personnel the point of impact of 30 the projectile with the target. In order to eject the rear assembly, all that is required is that the retaining plate 14 disengage from within the inwardly directed flange 15 of the projectile housing, and this is merely achieved by the base member being rearwardly forced 35 against a retaining plate to cause it to bulge outwardly whereby its peripheral portion moves radially inwardly ZQ~ 33 without any plastic deformation and its diameter decreaseto a size less than the internal diameter defined by the flange 15. It will be apparent that the internal force required by detonation of the pyrotechnic is considerably 5 less than the external force required during deflagration of the propellant in the associat:ed cartridge case to launch the projectile, and thus c:onsiderably less ejection force is required than is the case with known . :
projectiles. In addition, as the diameter of the base :.
10 member 13 is less than the diameter of the retaining plate 14, the mechanical advantage achieved by the peripheral edge of the base member being applied radially :
inwardly of the p~ripheral edge of the retaining plate :
14, reduces the force required to bulge the retaining 15 plate and disengage its peripheral edge portion from the confines of the flange 15 of the projectile housin~
As an alternative to utilizing the projectile : :
in a training exercise, it may also be used to rearwardly :~
eject other items such as canisters or clusters of other ; .~.
20 military items such as flares to illuminate the :
surrounding area, or explosive devices to be distributed :~
over a predetermined ground area, and in that respect the ;~
rear cavity may contain a quantity of propellant material `:`~
adapted to be ignited by a fuze having a pre-selected :.-~
25 time delay function to achieve rear ejection of the items ;;.
in question at a predetermined point in the flight of the . :
projectile. ~ :`
applied forces applied to the projectile when the round is fired, but which can be relatively easily rearwardly released from connection to the projectile using a minimum ejection force.
The invention therefor envisages a pxojectile having a housing containing a rear cavity for the receipt of a canister to be rearwardly ejected after firing of the projectile, said rear cavity being closed by a closure assembly, said closure assembly including an 10 inner substantially rigid base member and an outer relatively thin retaining plate holding the base member in position and, in turn, held in position by a radially inwardly directed~retaining means carried by the projectile housing and overlying a peripheral edge 15 portion of the retaining plate.
During firing of the projectile, the external forces applied after deflagration of the propellant in the cartridge case are borne by the combination of the rigid base member and the retaining plate, whilst upon 20 functioning of an expulsion charge or detonation of the pyrotechnic after impact with a target, or upon functioning of a time delay fuze in the cavity, the closure assembly is rearwardly ejected as the retaining plate bulges outwardly whereby its peripheral edge 25 portion moves radially inwardly to escape the confines of the retaining means.
Preferably said retaining means is a flange formed integrally with the projectile housing - -Preferably the diameter of the base member is 30 less than that of the retaining plate whereby the forces applied by its peripheral edge to the retaining plate are radially inwardly of the periphery of the retaining plate to provide a mechanical advantage such that the retaining plate more readily bulges outwardly to release its . - : , : .. . . ..
.
,:, : - ~ . , . .:
- , : - :
. . . : . . . . .
. - . .: .:
~S4~33 peripheral edge portion from the confines of the radially -inwardly directed flan~e of the projectile housing -without any plastic deformation of the plate.
Brief Description of the Drawings . . . _ _ . . _ .
One preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through the rear portion of a projectile in accordance with the ~ ;
10 preferred embodiment of the present invention; and -Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2~2 of Figure 1.
::
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention In this preferred embodiment of the invention, 15 the projectile comprises a generally cylindrical housing 1 tapering forwardly (not shown) to an inert tip or nose, and also tapering rearwardly as shown, to its rear end or base. The forward end of the projectile contains an elongate cylindrical cavity la, the forward end of which 20 is closed by à conical tip member (not shown). -The rear end of the projectile contains a rear cylindrical cavity 2 in which is inserted a thin walled aluminium canister 3 containing a pyrotechnic (or high explosive), followed by a cylindrical nylon holder 4 ~ -25 bearing against the end of the canister 3 and which, in -turn, has a reax cylindrical cavity 5 which receives a fuze 8. The orientation of the fuze is correctly aligned by means of an alignment pin 6 extending radially inwardly of the holder 4 to engage within a slot 7 30 extending longitudinally of the fuze 8. The holder 4 is, in turn, held in place via an annular spacer 9 and disc-shaped felt pad 10 to allow for any dimensional tolerances, and the whole assembly is completed by a closure assembly generally indicated as 11.
.,`
2Q~5~3 .,, The rear cavity 2 is stepped as 12 to provide a larger diameter portion ~a at the opening from the cavity 2, and the closure assembly 11 comprises a rigid steel, disc-shaped base member 13 bearing against the ~elt pad 5 10 and slidably received within the larger diameter portion 2a of the cavity 2. The closure assembly 11 is completed by a thin outer aluminium retaining plate 14, the circumferential peripheral portion of which is held in place by a radially inwardly directed circumferential 10 flange 15 forming part of the rear end of the housing 1 o the projectile.
In the embodiment described, upon launching of the projectile frQm the weapon by means of deflagration of the propellant in the associated cartridge case as 15 previously described, the external forces applied to the rear or base of the projectile are borne by the closure - :
assembly 11, and in particular the rigid base member 13, so as to prevent actuation of the fuze 8 and premature detonation of the pyrotechnic in the canister 3.
20 However, upon impact of the projectile with the target the impact forces will cause actuation of the fuze 8 and -detonation of the pyrotechnic within the canister 3 causing an expansion of the products of combustion of the ~ .
pyrotechnic within the rear cavity 2 to act on the 25 assembly of holder 4, spacer 9, pad 10 and closure assembly 11 and cause the assembly to be rearwardly ejected from the projectile with the combusting pyrotechnic resulting in the production of light (flame) and sound to indicate to personnel the point of impact of 30 the projectile with the target. In order to eject the rear assembly, all that is required is that the retaining plate 14 disengage from within the inwardly directed flange 15 of the projectile housing, and this is merely achieved by the base member being rearwardly forced 35 against a retaining plate to cause it to bulge outwardly whereby its peripheral portion moves radially inwardly ZQ~ 33 without any plastic deformation and its diameter decreaseto a size less than the internal diameter defined by the flange 15. It will be apparent that the internal force required by detonation of the pyrotechnic is considerably 5 less than the external force required during deflagration of the propellant in the associat:ed cartridge case to launch the projectile, and thus c:onsiderably less ejection force is required than is the case with known . :
projectiles. In addition, as the diameter of the base :.
10 member 13 is less than the diameter of the retaining plate 14, the mechanical advantage achieved by the peripheral edge of the base member being applied radially :
inwardly of the p~ripheral edge of the retaining plate :
14, reduces the force required to bulge the retaining 15 plate and disengage its peripheral edge portion from the confines of the flange 15 of the projectile housin~
As an alternative to utilizing the projectile : :
in a training exercise, it may also be used to rearwardly :~
eject other items such as canisters or clusters of other ; .~.
20 military items such as flares to illuminate the :
surrounding area, or explosive devices to be distributed :~
over a predetermined ground area, and in that respect the ;~
rear cavity may contain a quantity of propellant material `:`~
adapted to be ignited by a fuze having a pre-selected :.-~
25 time delay function to achieve rear ejection of the items ;;.
in question at a predetermined point in the flight of the . :
projectile. ~ :`
Claims (6)
1. A projectile having a housing containing a rear cavity for the receipt of a canister to be rearwardy ejected after firing of the projectile, said rear cavity being closed by a closure assembly, said closure assembly including an inner substantially rigid base member and an outer relatively thin retaining plate holding the base member in position and, in turn, held in position by a radially inwardly directed retaining means carried by the projectile housing and overlying a peripheral edge portion of the retaining plate.
2. A projectile as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said retaining means is a flange formed integrally with the projectile housing.
3. A projectile as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the base member is less than that of the retaining plate, whereby the forces applied by the peripheral edge to the retaining plate are radially inwardly of the periphery of the retaining plate to provide a mechanical advantage such that the retaining plate more readily bulges outwardly to release its peripheral edge portion from the confines of the radially inwardly directed retaining means without any plastic deformation of the plate.
4. A projectile as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein a fuse holder is positioned between said canister and said closure assembly, and has a fuse cavity therein for receiving a fuse.
5. A projectile as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the fuse is aligned within said fuse cavity by means of a radially extending alignment pin through the wall of the fuse holder and engaging within a slot extending longitudinally of the fuse.
6. A projectile substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPJ197788 | 1988-12-14 | ||
| AUPJ1977 | 1988-12-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2005433A1 true CA2005433A1 (en) | 1990-06-14 |
Family
ID=3773587
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002005433A Abandoned CA2005433A1 (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1989-12-13 | Expulsion projectile |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE1002991A4 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2005433A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2640368A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1237892B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990007094A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE518095A (en) * | 1952-04-05 | Energa | ||
| US3291049A (en) * | 1952-05-22 | 1966-12-13 | Aaron L Hitchens | Impact spotter bullet |
| US3289588A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1966-12-06 | Aaron L Hitchens | Caliber 50 spotting bullets |
| US3236183A (en) * | 1964-12-15 | 1966-02-22 | Frank W Littleford | Projectile |
| BE660166A (en) * | 1965-02-24 | 1965-08-24 | ||
| US3808973A (en) * | 1971-05-31 | 1974-05-07 | Giulo Fiocchi Spa | Self-propelling projectile for firearms |
| DE2639884A1 (en) * | 1976-09-04 | 1978-03-09 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | BULLET FOR PRACTICE AMMUNITION |
-
1989
- 1989-12-08 WO PCT/AU1989/000528 patent/WO1990007094A1/en unknown
- 1989-12-13 IT IT02267889A patent/IT1237892B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-12-13 CA CA002005433A patent/CA2005433A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-12-14 BE BE8901336A patent/BE1002991A4/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-14 FR FR8916548A patent/FR2640368A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1237892B (en) | 1993-06-18 |
| FR2640368A1 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| IT8922678A0 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| BE1002991A4 (en) | 1991-10-15 |
| WO1990007094A1 (en) | 1990-06-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |