CA1337685C - Filter medium for a technical filter - Google Patents
Filter medium for a technical filterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1337685C CA1337685C CA000564940A CA564940A CA1337685C CA 1337685 C CA1337685 C CA 1337685C CA 000564940 A CA000564940 A CA 000564940A CA 564940 A CA564940 A CA 564940A CA 1337685 C CA1337685 C CA 1337685C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- filter medium
- filter
- hydroxyl apatite
- apatite material
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/06—Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2068—Other inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/048—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing phosphorus, e.g. phosphates, apatites, hydroxyapatites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4843—Algae, aquatic plants or sea vegetals, e.g. seeweeds, eelgrass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
A filter medium is disclosed for a technical filter for chemical and/or physical separation of substances. The filter is formed of a material produced from the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae or from organogenetic hard tissue of vertebrates. Porous hydroxyl apatite material for use as filter medium can be obtained by methods known per se from the hard tissue which has been freed from organic substances.
Description
This invention relates to a filter medium for a technical filter for chemical and/or physical material or substance separation involving solid, liquid and/or gaseous substances.
Filter media and filter processes play a large role in technology and in particular in process technology. In particular, in separation technology, various types of filters are used in order to separate materials from one another, which are in solid, liquid or gaseous phase and which can be mixed together with one another in any combination. For example, the separation of solid particles from a gas stream by means of a porous medium can be accomplished by transporting the particles under the effect of various mechanisms such as diffusion, inertial force, gravity, electrostatic attraction or the like to the surface of a collector and held there by adhesive forces. Apart from these prior processes, the filtering ~for which the subject of the invention is applicable) can also be used to complete chemical reactions, in order, for example, to remove selectively a particular substance or a plurality of particular substances from a given starting material.
Furthermore, thermal reactions can also play a role in material separation. The boundary surfaces of many solid phases possess selective characteristics or properties, which can be exploited for the separation of fluid phases. For one group of separation processes of this type, the selective activity of the boundary surfaces manifests itself in the fact of certain components becoming enriched. The separation processes based on this are adsorption and ion exchange. With such an adsorption process, it can be expedient to use the help of an adsorption medium or an ion exchanger, which for known reasons should exhibit the maximum possible specific surface size. In order to make the adsorption as effective as possible, i.e. to achieve a maximum degree of selective enrichment of a particular substance from a gaseous or liquid mixture on the surface of a solid ~' vehicle, it is of importance to make the surface area as large as possible. This has been achieved with the previously known materials as a rule by the use of very porous materials.
A variety of porous materials are already known which can be used as filter media, in particular, activated carbon, aluminum oxide gel and silica gel, as well as certain aluminosilicates.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved filter medium, not only with good filter properties, but which, at the same time is capable of being produced from readily available natural raw materials in a particularly simple and environmentally acceptable manner and which exhibits a porosity such that it is particularly capable of many applications in the filter technology.
Accordingly, the invention provides a filter medium for a technical filter for chemical and/or physical separation of components from solid, fluid and/or gaseous substances, wherein the filter medium is formed of the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae or from a porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained from organogenetic hard tissue of vertebrates.
Thus, the invention results from the recognition that the object of the invention can be achieved by the use of porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained from the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae or from organogenetic hard tissue of vertebrates in chemical and/or mechanical process technology as a filter medium for technical filters.
According to the invention, the surprising and essential advantage is obtainable that a highly effective filter medium can be obtained from a raw material which is available in practically inexhaustible quantities and with a commensurately simple technique and financial outlay.
It is advantageous in this connection that algae grow again in a relatively short time if they have been harvested in certain areas. The invention affords in ., ~ . . .
particular a valuable contribution in providing a valuable and special technical product in what is from every point of view an environmentally acceptable manner.
Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention to adjust the porosity of the advantageously obtained hydroxyl apatite material proportionately to desired limits by a working up process, in order to obtain a suitable optimal pore size for the maximum number of different applications.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter medium essentially consists of a porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained according to the process of the invention. It is al~o within the scope of the invention to employ the hydroxyl apatite material obtained in this manner in combination with other filter materials or, alternatively, in the absence of other materials as pure hydroxyl apatite material. If necessary, it is also possible to use practically completely pure hydroxyl apatite material as the filter medium when this should be necessary for technical, hygenic or other grounds. In many cases, it is advantageous that the filter medium be formed of filter granules.
In the event that technical problems occur, it is also possible according to the invention that the filter medium be formed of a filter block with contours.
The effectiveness of the filtering process can be improved in many cases by coating the surface of the hydroxyl apatite material with a substance which is catalytically active in the previously mentioned separation reaction.
When it is desired to use a filter for the separation, enrichment and extraction of dissolved components from an electrolyte solution, the invention advantageously contemplates that the surface of the hydroxyl apatite material be coated with an ion exchanger.
An important utility in this area is the treatment of water.
Furthermore, the invention is particularly advantageous for use in the purification of waste gases.
With the high pollution levels prevalent in the air atmosphere, the purification thereof from waste gases which are discharged from industrial plants and automobiles becomes ever more important. In this manner the invention also affords a contribution in reducing environmental pollution, in that a filter medium according to the invention is especially advantageous in a catalyst for the purification of waste gases or exhaust gases from motor vehicles. In this connection, it is also advantageous that the filter medium according to the invention as a result of interconnected porosity exhibits a considerable roughness of the surface and a corresponding specific size of the surface.
For the production of hydroxyl apatite material according to the invention, various algae, and especially those from the littorals and sub-littorals of the oceans, in particular species of Corallinaceae, such as Corallina officinalis, Corallina rubens, Lithothamnion calcarum and species of Codiaceae, e.g. Halimeda spec., including benthish crust-forming algae, such as Lithothamnion spec.
and Lithophyllum spec. can be used, which, in general, encrust lime, even if only to a small extent.
In order to obtain the lime skeletons of the algae, the organic components of the algae must firstly be removed. This can be effected by so-called "maceration".
For this purpose, for example, vital or dried algae material can be treated with copper complex salts, e.g.
Schweizer's reagent, or with lithium chloride or bromide solutions, or subjected to pyrolysis. Such maceration processes, i.e. methods of treatment for removing the organic material, are described in United States Patent No. 3,929,971, e.g. submersion in dilute sodium hypochlorite solutions.
Following the maceration by means of Schweizer's reagent or lithium chloride solution, or after pyrolysis, the remaining calcium carbonate basic material, freed from organic substance and existing in granular form, i5 thoroughly washed with distilled water. The grain size of the material is between 0.1 and 2 millimeters.
The calcium-rich basic skeleton obtained from the algae is then converted into hydroxyl apatite in a known manner. This conversion into hydroxyl apatite is usually effected by a hydrothermal process or by the use of a phosphate salt bath. For this purpose, alkali metal phosphates, such as sodium orthophosphate or potassium orthophosphate, or ammonium orthophosphate, acidic phosphates or mixed phosphates may be employed. Likewise, orthophosphoric acids may also be employed for this purpose. This hydrothermal treatment for converting calcium carbonate into hydroxyl apatite is likewise disclosed in the aforesaid United States Patent No.
3,929,9~1. The hydrothermal treatment is carried out in the usual way at high pressure and at high temperature.
In an example of such a treatment the porous, macerated granules of lime-encrusting algae are maintained with sodium hydrogen phosphate and doubly-distilled water in proportions of 1:1:4 in a closed container for two to three days under the following conditions:-a) 300C and 500 bar; or b) 600C and 1000 bar.
After the hydrothermal treatment, the hydroxyl apatite material usually exhibits a granular form. From this granular form, compact pieces can be produced by agglomeration, e.g. by conventional sintering methods, if required, under the application of pressure and/or with the addition of conventional sinter-promoting materials.
For agglomeration of the granular material into compact pieces, the granular material is firstly pressed into molded bodies and after a pre-heating phase of approximately 4 hours, these are then roasted at a temperature of 1000 to 1400C for 4 to 5 hours, and subsequently cooled, e.g. over 4 to 5 hours. For deliberately influencing the size of the pores of the hydroxyl apatite bodies after sintering, the sintering is carried out with the addition of an empirically determined amount of H20 (doubly-distilled).
The preparation of hydroxyl apatite material f rom vertebrates follows analogously to the above-described methods.
, .
Filter media and filter processes play a large role in technology and in particular in process technology. In particular, in separation technology, various types of filters are used in order to separate materials from one another, which are in solid, liquid or gaseous phase and which can be mixed together with one another in any combination. For example, the separation of solid particles from a gas stream by means of a porous medium can be accomplished by transporting the particles under the effect of various mechanisms such as diffusion, inertial force, gravity, electrostatic attraction or the like to the surface of a collector and held there by adhesive forces. Apart from these prior processes, the filtering ~for which the subject of the invention is applicable) can also be used to complete chemical reactions, in order, for example, to remove selectively a particular substance or a plurality of particular substances from a given starting material.
Furthermore, thermal reactions can also play a role in material separation. The boundary surfaces of many solid phases possess selective characteristics or properties, which can be exploited for the separation of fluid phases. For one group of separation processes of this type, the selective activity of the boundary surfaces manifests itself in the fact of certain components becoming enriched. The separation processes based on this are adsorption and ion exchange. With such an adsorption process, it can be expedient to use the help of an adsorption medium or an ion exchanger, which for known reasons should exhibit the maximum possible specific surface size. In order to make the adsorption as effective as possible, i.e. to achieve a maximum degree of selective enrichment of a particular substance from a gaseous or liquid mixture on the surface of a solid ~' vehicle, it is of importance to make the surface area as large as possible. This has been achieved with the previously known materials as a rule by the use of very porous materials.
A variety of porous materials are already known which can be used as filter media, in particular, activated carbon, aluminum oxide gel and silica gel, as well as certain aluminosilicates.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved filter medium, not only with good filter properties, but which, at the same time is capable of being produced from readily available natural raw materials in a particularly simple and environmentally acceptable manner and which exhibits a porosity such that it is particularly capable of many applications in the filter technology.
Accordingly, the invention provides a filter medium for a technical filter for chemical and/or physical separation of components from solid, fluid and/or gaseous substances, wherein the filter medium is formed of the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae or from a porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained from organogenetic hard tissue of vertebrates.
Thus, the invention results from the recognition that the object of the invention can be achieved by the use of porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained from the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae or from organogenetic hard tissue of vertebrates in chemical and/or mechanical process technology as a filter medium for technical filters.
According to the invention, the surprising and essential advantage is obtainable that a highly effective filter medium can be obtained from a raw material which is available in practically inexhaustible quantities and with a commensurately simple technique and financial outlay.
It is advantageous in this connection that algae grow again in a relatively short time if they have been harvested in certain areas. The invention affords in ., ~ . . .
particular a valuable contribution in providing a valuable and special technical product in what is from every point of view an environmentally acceptable manner.
Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention to adjust the porosity of the advantageously obtained hydroxyl apatite material proportionately to desired limits by a working up process, in order to obtain a suitable optimal pore size for the maximum number of different applications.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter medium essentially consists of a porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained according to the process of the invention. It is al~o within the scope of the invention to employ the hydroxyl apatite material obtained in this manner in combination with other filter materials or, alternatively, in the absence of other materials as pure hydroxyl apatite material. If necessary, it is also possible to use practically completely pure hydroxyl apatite material as the filter medium when this should be necessary for technical, hygenic or other grounds. In many cases, it is advantageous that the filter medium be formed of filter granules.
In the event that technical problems occur, it is also possible according to the invention that the filter medium be formed of a filter block with contours.
The effectiveness of the filtering process can be improved in many cases by coating the surface of the hydroxyl apatite material with a substance which is catalytically active in the previously mentioned separation reaction.
When it is desired to use a filter for the separation, enrichment and extraction of dissolved components from an electrolyte solution, the invention advantageously contemplates that the surface of the hydroxyl apatite material be coated with an ion exchanger.
An important utility in this area is the treatment of water.
Furthermore, the invention is particularly advantageous for use in the purification of waste gases.
With the high pollution levels prevalent in the air atmosphere, the purification thereof from waste gases which are discharged from industrial plants and automobiles becomes ever more important. In this manner the invention also affords a contribution in reducing environmental pollution, in that a filter medium according to the invention is especially advantageous in a catalyst for the purification of waste gases or exhaust gases from motor vehicles. In this connection, it is also advantageous that the filter medium according to the invention as a result of interconnected porosity exhibits a considerable roughness of the surface and a corresponding specific size of the surface.
For the production of hydroxyl apatite material according to the invention, various algae, and especially those from the littorals and sub-littorals of the oceans, in particular species of Corallinaceae, such as Corallina officinalis, Corallina rubens, Lithothamnion calcarum and species of Codiaceae, e.g. Halimeda spec., including benthish crust-forming algae, such as Lithothamnion spec.
and Lithophyllum spec. can be used, which, in general, encrust lime, even if only to a small extent.
In order to obtain the lime skeletons of the algae, the organic components of the algae must firstly be removed. This can be effected by so-called "maceration".
For this purpose, for example, vital or dried algae material can be treated with copper complex salts, e.g.
Schweizer's reagent, or with lithium chloride or bromide solutions, or subjected to pyrolysis. Such maceration processes, i.e. methods of treatment for removing the organic material, are described in United States Patent No. 3,929,971, e.g. submersion in dilute sodium hypochlorite solutions.
Following the maceration by means of Schweizer's reagent or lithium chloride solution, or after pyrolysis, the remaining calcium carbonate basic material, freed from organic substance and existing in granular form, i5 thoroughly washed with distilled water. The grain size of the material is between 0.1 and 2 millimeters.
The calcium-rich basic skeleton obtained from the algae is then converted into hydroxyl apatite in a known manner. This conversion into hydroxyl apatite is usually effected by a hydrothermal process or by the use of a phosphate salt bath. For this purpose, alkali metal phosphates, such as sodium orthophosphate or potassium orthophosphate, or ammonium orthophosphate, acidic phosphates or mixed phosphates may be employed. Likewise, orthophosphoric acids may also be employed for this purpose. This hydrothermal treatment for converting calcium carbonate into hydroxyl apatite is likewise disclosed in the aforesaid United States Patent No.
3,929,9~1. The hydrothermal treatment is carried out in the usual way at high pressure and at high temperature.
In an example of such a treatment the porous, macerated granules of lime-encrusting algae are maintained with sodium hydrogen phosphate and doubly-distilled water in proportions of 1:1:4 in a closed container for two to three days under the following conditions:-a) 300C and 500 bar; or b) 600C and 1000 bar.
After the hydrothermal treatment, the hydroxyl apatite material usually exhibits a granular form. From this granular form, compact pieces can be produced by agglomeration, e.g. by conventional sintering methods, if required, under the application of pressure and/or with the addition of conventional sinter-promoting materials.
For agglomeration of the granular material into compact pieces, the granular material is firstly pressed into molded bodies and after a pre-heating phase of approximately 4 hours, these are then roasted at a temperature of 1000 to 1400C for 4 to 5 hours, and subsequently cooled, e.g. over 4 to 5 hours. For deliberately influencing the size of the pores of the hydroxyl apatite bodies after sintering, the sintering is carried out with the addition of an empirically determined amount of H20 (doubly-distilled).
The preparation of hydroxyl apatite material f rom vertebrates follows analogously to the above-described methods.
, .
Claims (8)
1. A filter medium for a technical filter for chemical and/or physical separation of components from solid, fluid and/or gaseous substances, wherein the filter medium is formed of a porous hydroxyl apatite material obtained from a basic skeleton of a lime-encrusting algae.
2. A filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium is formed from substantially pure porous hydroxyl apatite material.
3. A filter medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter medium is in the form of filter granules.
4. A filter medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter medium is formed as a filter block with preformed contours.
5. A filter medium according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a catalytically active material on the upper surface of the hydroxyl apatite material.
6. A filter medium according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an ion exchanger on the upper surface of the hydroxyl apatite material.
7. The use of a porous hydroxyl apatite material formed from the basic skeletons of lime-encrusting algae in chemical and/or mechanical process technology as a filter medium for a technical filter.
8. The use of a porous hydroxyl apatite material according to claim 7, wherein the porous hydroxyl apatite material by virtue of its interconnected porosity is used for the separation of fluid phases.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873712875 DE3712875A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Filter medium for an industrial filter |
| PCT/EP1988/000334 WO1989010179A1 (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-20 | Filtering medium for technical filters |
| DE3850887T DE3850887D1 (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-20 | FILTER MEDIUM FOR A TECHNICAL FILTER. |
| EP88903806A EP0412079B1 (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-20 | Filtering medium for technical filters |
| CA000564940A CA1337685C (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-22 | Filter medium for a technical filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1988/000334 WO1989010179A1 (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-20 | Filtering medium for technical filters |
| CA000564940A CA1337685C (en) | 1988-04-20 | 1988-04-22 | Filter medium for a technical filter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1337685C true CA1337685C (en) | 1995-12-05 |
Family
ID=8165268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000564940A Expired - Fee Related CA1337685C (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1988-04-22 | Filter medium for a technical filter |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0412079B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH03505542A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR940005181B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1337685C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3712875A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989010179A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0749086B2 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1995-05-31 | ベステクス株式会社 | Filter material manufacturing method |
| US5143752A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1992-09-01 | Bestex Kabushiki-Kaisha | Filtering material of apatite and glucan used for surgical masks and method of making it |
| JPH06106012A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-04-19 | Sumiaki Tsuru | Filter material and its production |
| AU4086793A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-30 | Richard Berney | Biofiltration of gases |
| DE19732077A1 (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-01-28 | Boettcher Silvio | Process to convert raw vegetable matter directly into end-products |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3600329A (en) * | 1967-10-30 | 1971-08-17 | Kieselguhr De Mexico Sa | Diatomaceous earth treated with poly-electrolyte product and a new process for producing it |
| US3929971A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1975-12-30 | Research Corp | Porous biomaterials and method of making same |
| JPS5733057A (en) * | 1980-08-08 | 1982-02-23 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Proportioning valve for car brake |
| JPS59145087A (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-20 | Saga Shoko:Kk | Sintered body for purification of drinking water |
| DE3400764A1 (en) * | 1984-01-12 | 1985-07-25 | Collo Gmbh, 5303 Bornheim | Granular filter aid for removing noxious substances from the air |
| JPH07100634B2 (en) * | 1986-09-03 | 1995-11-01 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Manufacturing method of porous ceramics sintered body |
-
1987
- 1987-04-15 DE DE19873712875 patent/DE3712875A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-04-20 JP JP88502707A patent/JPH03505542A/en active Pending
- 1988-04-20 DE DE3850887T patent/DE3850887D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-20 WO PCT/EP1988/000334 patent/WO1989010179A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-04-20 KR KR1019890702400A patent/KR940005181B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-20 EP EP88903806A patent/EP0412079B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-22 CA CA000564940A patent/CA1337685C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0412079B1 (en) | 1994-07-27 |
| EP0412079A1 (en) | 1991-02-13 |
| JPH03505542A (en) | 1991-12-05 |
| DE3850887D1 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
| KR940005181B1 (en) | 1994-06-13 |
| DE3712875A1 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
| WO1989010179A1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
| KR900700175A (en) | 1990-08-11 |
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