CA1332198C - Color concentrates - Google Patents
Color concentratesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1332198C CA1332198C CA000557595A CA557595A CA1332198C CA 1332198 C CA1332198 C CA 1332198C CA 000557595 A CA000557595 A CA 000557595A CA 557595 A CA557595 A CA 557595A CA 1332198 C CA1332198 C CA 1332198C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- organic pigment
- pigment
- red
- resin
- carrier resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/203—Solid polymers with solid and/or liquid additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/006—Preparation of organic pigments
- C09B67/0063—Preparation of organic pigments of organic pigments with only macromolecular substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
- C09D17/003—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an organic pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
organic colour concentrates are provided, as well as a method of preparing such concentrates. Separate feeds of organic colouring concentrates, together with a carrier resin, are blended in a high intensity mixer to provide an agglomerate-free and uniformly dispersed organic pigment in a conventional molten carrier resin. These products find use in various fields for colouring eg. film, and other thermoplastic resins used in eg.
injection molding.
organic colour concentrates are provided, as well as a method of preparing such concentrates. Separate feeds of organic colouring concentrates, together with a carrier resin, are blended in a high intensity mixer to provide an agglomerate-free and uniformly dispersed organic pigment in a conventional molten carrier resin. These products find use in various fields for colouring eg. film, and other thermoplastic resins used in eg.
injection molding.
Description
~: 1 3~21 98 `
--1-- .
This invention relates to colour concentrates.
More particularly, this invention relates to a method of preparing organic colouring concentrates in thermo plastic resins.
Various types of colour concentrates are known in the prior art. Basically, colour concentrates are used in the thermoplastic industry for providing colouring ingredients for resins, which in turn, are used for various types of products ranging from film , to injection molding products or the like. Many of the colouring additives used in the thermoplastic industry are inorganic compounds. Typical of such compounds is ~;~
titanium dioxide, an inorganic additive, which provides ~-a "white" colour for thermoplastic materials. Generally speaking, inorganic colour concentrates can be produced by various techniques without encountering problems of dispersion of the pigment in the resin.
Organic pigments, on the other hand, pose a different set of problems. When combined with various 20 typee of thermoplastic resins, eg. the polyethylenes, -~
the colour concentrates incorporating organic pigments can be and are quite useful~in producing various types of thermoplastic materials which have bright colours.
Due to the fact that the colouring agent per se is an -25 ~ organic pigment, the prior art has been faced with ; problems in trying to produce organic pigment concentrates~of thermoplastic compounds; generally, -~
these concentrates are only of }0 to 20 % organic v~ pigment, (typically 15 %), in commercial products -I available to the industry.
The~problems encountered in producing a higher load~ing~level for~organic pigments in thermoplastic resins (such concentrations being in the order of 40 to 60 %) deal with the fact that the organic pigment component tends to agglomerate before or during dispersion;into the molten carrier resin to be coloureds the agglomerates remain as such and do not x~
,.: . ~ ~ ~ . , ~,;
: ` 1 332 1 98 ` ~ ~
--1-- .
This invention relates to colour concentrates.
More particularly, this invention relates to a method of preparing organic colouring concentrates in thermo plastic resins.
Various types of colour concentrates are known in the prior art. Basically, colour concentrates are used in the thermoplastic industry for providing colouring ingredients for resins, which in turn, are used for various types of products ranging from film , to injection molding products or the like. Many of the colouring additives used in the thermoplastic industry are inorganic compounds. Typical of such compounds is ~;~
titanium dioxide, an inorganic additive, which provides ~-a "white" colour for thermoplastic materials. Generally speaking, inorganic colour concentrates can be produced by various techniques without encountering problems of dispersion of the pigment in the resin.
Organic pigments, on the other hand, pose a different set of problems. When combined with various 20 typee of thermoplastic resins, eg. the polyethylenes, -~
the colour concentrates incorporating organic pigments can be and are quite useful~in producing various types of thermoplastic materials which have bright colours.
Due to the fact that the colouring agent per se is an -25 ~ organic pigment, the prior art has been faced with ; problems in trying to produce organic pigment concentrates~of thermoplastic compounds; generally, -~
these concentrates are only of }0 to 20 % organic v~ pigment, (typically 15 %), in commercial products -I available to the industry.
The~problems encountered in producing a higher load~ing~level for~organic pigments in thermoplastic resins (such concentrations being in the order of 40 to 60 %) deal with the fact that the organic pigment component tends to agglomerate before or during dispersion;into the molten carrier resin to be coloureds the agglomerates remain as such and do not x~
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: ` 1 332 1 98 ` ~ ~
dispe~se so that the resulting product may have "spots"
or non-dispersed organic particles, which in the worst ~;
case renders the product useless or does not permit the production of a satisfactory product from an appearance point of view. As a minimum, the undispersed pigments do not develop the full colour potential of the pigments in the resin. -~
Again, generally speaking, it is desirable to ~ -provide a higher loading or "super" concentrate of an organic pigment in a thermoplastic resin carrier, in the order of 40 to 60 %, to permit the users of the concentrates to employ this "master batch" which could reduce cost to the manufacturer of thermoplastic products; making hi`gher concentrations of the "master batches" where the organic compound is employed would also enable higher production capacities in plants ; manufacturing the concentrates, which can then be shipped to eg. satellite plants or directly to the users ; `~
for "let-down"; finally, it may be possible to obtain ; 20 better dispersion/non-agglomeration to provide clearer~ ;
products which are coloured with organic concentrates if indeed non-agglomerating "master batches" could be obtained.
In an attempt to solve the problems of agglomeration and poor dispersion for organic colour pigments in concentrates, while having high colour ~; pigment loadings, the prior art has had to resort to two different types of solutions. One solution is to provide special hydrophilic resins as carrier materials, 30 ! in combination with special processing aids and in ;this manner, colour loading of approximately 40 % in these -~
special resins and processing aids have been obtained.
The problem with this type of solution is that due to the special resins, and inclusion of special processing ~
35 aids, it may not always be possible to utilize this type ~-of concentrated organic colouring mixture with different types of thermoplastic materials which the colouring 32~ ~8 concentrate is normally intended to be used with. Thus, not all of the thermoplastic resins would be compatible with the special resins and special processing aids;
problemæ can occur in compatibility wherein such compatibility may show up in the end products.
A second solution is to employ special low molecular weight waxes as the carrier materials for the organic pigments; this has resulted in concentrations of around 40 % of organic pigment. Such low molecular weight waxes, having molecular weight of less than 5,000, are normally melted in a pot or bath together with the pigments, and the resulting products are then pelletized to produce the "master batch". Again, since low molecular weight waxes are employed as the carrier -~
or host material for the organic pigments, special problems can be encountered with non-compatible ;~
thermoplastic materials in which the colouring concentrate is intended to be added to; in `addition, low molecular-weight materials tend to migrate to the ~
20 surface of any product and this may not be desirable in ~ -many cases.
Conventionally, the organic pigments are normally employed with var~ious types of processing aids, when making "master~batches" of 10 to 20 % concentration of ~;~
25 ~ the ~organic~pigments~. These processing aids may include ~ ~-various~types of additives,~such as zinc stearate, etc.
As-~po~Dted~out~above, as the inclusion of additives can be mere~ly for~the purpose of permitting a colour concentrate to be manufactured, the additives may not jnecessarily be compatible with the use of the colour concentrate in certain types of thermoplastics, not only bec;ause it is not desired to have such additives in the fina~l thermoplastlc product to which the colour concentrate has been used, but also for certain types of ``~
products such~as those in contact with food where such additives may~not be desirable. `
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: -: ,. .
1 332 1 9~
Acco~dingly, it would be desirable if a method of producing colour concentrates with conventional carrier materials, e.g. normal molecular weight i.e. having a molecular weight of at least 10,000 for polyolefins, or polystyrenes, could be achieved for organic pigments in which there was a high loading of the pigments. To this -~
end, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided such a method which comprises providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular - -weight in excess of 10,000, providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially free of processing aids, separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic `
pigment to a high intensity mixer, mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient to form a low density semi-molten substantially non-flowable viscous mass-blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment, and forming said mass into a ;
colour concentrate.
In further aspects of the present invention, there . .
is also provided a colour concentrate of an organic ;-pigment and a hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, said pigment being ;
present in an amount of greater than 25% by weight of ~ the total composition, and being substantially uniformly `~ dispersed in said composition, the balance of said ~composition being said carrier resin and being ;~
substantially free from agglomeration.
In addition to the above, the method of the present inventionimay be used to prepare colour concentrates having lower than 25% organic pigment, with conventional carrier resins.
In greater detail of the present invention, colour ~ ~
concentrates of organic pigments having conventional ~;
carrier resins, free from conventional processing aids, can now be prepared in an economical and easy manner. -~
V~
~.~
Thus, one may employ any of the conventional c~rrier resins of a hydrophobic nature, which are normally used in the manufacture of various types of end products ranging from film to cast or injection molded products, and in which the organic pigment is substantially uniformly dispersed in the carrier resin and is prPsent in a non-agglomerating condition. Generally speaking, the carrier resin can now be chosen to match the type of ~:
resin which the colour concentrate is adapted to be added to. In this way, compatibility between the colour concentrate carrier resin, and the processing resin, can either be selected accordingly, or can be the same in :~
many cases.
Typical of the carrier resins that may be employed, ;~
15 for the more common processing resins used in industry, :
are those which are hydrophobic in nature, such as;
: polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, ~ copolymers of polypxopylene, polystyrene and the like. ~ .
.:
~:~ These resins will have a molecular weight in excess of .~
:~ 20 10,000 and their densities may vary considerably, ~::
depending on the properties desired for the carrier resin in the colour concentrate.
Typical of the organic pigments that may be employed with the present invention are those organic ;.. /-~
25 :pigments which provide yellow, blue, green, red or the .-Iike colours; while there are a large variety of organic pigments available for the purpose of colouring thermoplastic resins, typical of such organic pigments are~copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue -alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA" "AAOT" "AAOAn, dianisidine orange "AAA", ; ;~
~: phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese ~-"2B", red calcium "4B", and red lake "C".
~B
.. ., . ,~ .
In carrying out the method of the present invention, it is important that separate sources of the organic pigmen-t, and the hydrophobic carrier resin, be added to the high intensity blending step. Tests have shown that should these ingredients be pre-blended, agglomeration and poor dispersion will result, rendering the colour concentrate of limited usefulness, if at all.
Conversely, it is most preferred according to the ;
present invention substantially simultaneously to add each source to the high intensity mixing step - this can be conveniently carried out by providing separate charges of the desired amounts of organic pigment and hydrophobic carrier resin to the high intensity mixing step and thereafter subjecting the separate charges of -; 15 such components together to a blending operation in the high intensity mixer.
Having thus generally described the invention, `
reference will now be made to the accompanying examples, illustrating preferred embodiments.
-~ 20 EXAMPLE 1 For this example, a series of formulations were prepared both according to the invention and according to conventional practice. The apparatus employed in the example for blending the resin and additives is that known as a "Gelimat", which is a high intensity mixer.
The following compositions were utilized. ~
Composition: Components % Amount ~1 ;~ A) YelloW RGS
~;- Litnopone 25.0 ~;; 30 , Zn Stearate 1.7 LLDPE 15.0 B) Yellow RGS 25.0 ~-~
TiO 41.7 -i Zn ~tearate 1.7 LLDPE 31.6 `'; ~''"'.~'' I ~
I
C) Yellow RGS 30.0 LLDPE 70.0 D) Yellow RGS 50.0 LLDPE 50.0 ...
In the above compositions, none of the ingredients -~
were pre-blended; the term "Yellow RGS" designates a yellow organic pigment; the term "LLDPE" designates a linear low density polyethylene of a 12 melt index. ;~
In carrying out the method of the present invention, as noted above, separate sources of the ~ -~
.,: -.:
~ organic pigment and the hydrophobic carrier resin are ~ . , , . . -added to the high intensity blending step. Addition is preferably carried out simultaneously, although one can ~ . , ,--..
practice the present invention by sequentially adding ;~-separate sources provided that all separate sources are added before any individual component is worked to a ~ -:
15 sufficient extent by the high intensity mixing device so i~
that it~becomes semi-molten or agglomerated. In other words, it is possible to separately charge the organic ;~
p~igment and carrier resin individually, but both have to --be present~in the high intensity mixing step before the 0~ dis~creet proper~ties of the components fed to the high ~ -~
intenslty mixing step are altered to any significant extent ~j ;
In terms ~of the high intensity mixing step, a most ~`
con~venient~and suitable apparatus for carrying out the 5 ~method~of`the~près~ent invention utilizes a "Gelimat"
apparatus;~ such devlces come in varying sizes tcapacities). The "Gelimat" apparatus is basically a batch-type ~evice where individual batches of the ' products are blended and the~ ~ischarged. Reference may 30 be~had to co-pending;Canadian Patent Application, ~;
Serial~No. 486,540, f~iled July 9, 1985 for the pro~
cess and apparatus conditions for the use of the ., .. ; ~ ", ~ -~ "Gelimat" type device. In A
A ~^
'` ~ . ' "' . ' -i `:
' -8- 1 3321 '~8 the method of this invention, the charge size may vary from small batches of eg. 2 pounds or more of ingredient~ to 6 pounds or more; preferably the blending is carried out in time intervals varying from 10 to about 15 seconds, although such time intervals can be varied as desired. The temperature at which the products are subjected to may likewise vary; typically, these can be from about 125 - 150C - that is the "dump"
temperature of the product after being fluxed will 10 normally be in this range, although wide variations can ~
be expected depending on the type oE organic pigment and ~-the hydrophobic carrier resin used.
A~ter fluxing/blending according to the present invention, the product can then be processed in one of i;
15 several different manners; for example, the product can then be passed through an extruder and subsequently pelletized after extrusion, or stil~ further, the product emanating from the "Gelimat" can be ground into ; a powdèr by a conventional grinding apparatus.
One of the primary features of the present invention is the fact that by the method disclosed herein, the hydrophobic carrier resin can be the same resin as that which the colour concentrate product is intended to be used with. Thus, a typical carrier resin 25 may be an eg. linear low density polyethylene and the resulting colour concentrate having a load factor of 30 to 50~ can then be employed as a colour concentrate for such linear low density polyethylenes in the conventional process. This is a significant advantage 30 since there will be inherent compatibility between the !
organic concentrate in its carrier resin with the resin ; to which the organic concentrate is intended to be used with; whereby problems aqsociated with non-compatibility as were encountered in the prior art can then be avoided. Typically, the colour concentrates of the ~ ':
` 1 3~2 1 '38 ~ ~
g .: ~
present invention will range between 25 to 50% of organic pigment or more, depending upon the type of organic pigment employed. When produced, the organic ~;
concentrate can be let down with compatible resins and there after used in a diluted form or if desired, can be used directly as produced by the present invention. In most cases, the organic pigments can be let down after transportation to a suitable point where such organic ;
concentrates are used, resulting in savings of ~-transportation costs.
Accordingly, a further step in the method of the present invention involves taking the colour concentrate ;~
obtained by the above described method, diluting the same with a compatible resin, and subsequently adding `~
the diluted colour concen-trate as a colour additive to a resin which is to be extruded, molded or the like.
Typically, when the colour concentrate of the present invention is let down, it will be diluted t`o typically between .25% to about 5% by weight of the compatible ~ ~-resin; the compatible resin can be any resin which is compatible with the carrier resin and most preferably, is of the same type as the carrier resin. Thus, if the carrier resin were a low density polyethylene, likewise the resin in which the colour concentrate is let down 25 will be a low density polyethylene resin. Of course, ~~
various copolymers of polyethylene are substantially compatible with such carrier resins as polyethylene and they likewise may also be employed. -For final use, the colouring concentrate will be ~`
employed in varying amounts depending on the degree of colour desired but typically, these range from 1/4 of 1%
to 10%. It will be understood, however, that such ~; amounts are well known by those skilled in this art.
~.i , ~ ' ,,''.. .' '' -10- ~, Another feature of the method of the present invention, and particularly to the products obtained thereby, is the fact that various additives can be eliminated which were required by prior art techniques in order to produce high concentrations of organic colouring components. In fact, as noted above, in carrying out the method, the organic pigment and the carrier resin should be free of additives in order to not exhibit some of the detrimental side effects associated with these additives. However, if desired, after the product has been formed, additional additives ~-~
may be incorporated in subsequent steps.
For each composition, a colouring concentrate was prepared by feeding each individual ingredient in a ;-~
separate container (a plastic bag) into the "Gelimat"
apparatus via a feed chute; the fluxing time in the ~ "Gelimat" for the ingredients varie~d between 12 to 14 :~ seconds for the different compositions and a batch material was discharged from the "Gelimat" at approximately 135C.
Each of the batches produced by the "Gelimat" was then passed through a gear pump extruder and pelletized to result in a product in which the individual ingredients were formed into a blended composition.
2~5 ; Following pelletizing, each composition was then used~as a colouring composition for a linear low density polyethylene of a 1 melt index, in which the colouring composition was let~down and blown into film where the resulting film had a 0.75% organic yellow content. Each film thus produced was studied to determine the dispersion of the organic pigment in the colouring conaentrate, with ratings being from Q to 5 with 0 ~;
representing very~ poor dispersion of the colouring ;
oomposition, to 5 representing very good dispersion of such colouring compositions.
-'`~ ' ''' '~"' ; . ~
:
-11- 1332198 ` ~:
The results of the dispersion testing are as -~
follows~
TABLE 1 ~;
Composition Dispersion Ratinq Commercial Product 2 From the above results, it will be seen that ~ s`~
compositions C and D which employed the organic ``
colouring pigments together with the carrier resin, ~ J.,.'", namely the linear low density polyethylene resin, each ` ~
10 had a very good dispersion rating of 4; a typical ~`;;`
commercial product only received a rating of 2 showing that by using the techniques of the present invention, vastly superior results can be obtained, and this was ~`~
achieved using compositions of between 30 to 50% organic ``
15 pigment loading. Those compositions which included `~
c~onventional additives, yet the same organic pigment, in ; amounts of only 25% received either a very poor rating or~ at the best a~good rating~, even though they contained ; -;a~lower amount o~ organic pigment than the compositions;
20 used in trials C and~D according to the present invention. It is evident, therefore, that higher loading~ with signif~icantly improved dispersion~results càn~bè obtained~whe~n using the techniques of the present nvention.
25 ~EXAMPLE~
Procedures similar to those of Example 1 were ~ f~
repeated, but in this case, the following compositions ~
were used. ~ ;
Compos~i;tion~ comPonents % Amount ~ ,''"~',~-!' E) ~ ~ ~ellow RGS 50 `~-LLDPE ~ 50 , F) Yellow RGS 60 ` LLDPE 40 --~ 1 332 1 98 Processing conditions were similar to those of Example l; the products obtained were let down in 1 melt ~ ~;
index linear low density polyethylene and blown into a film, again so that the film had a .75% organic yellow content. Table 2, following, shows the results with the measurement ratings being based on a scale of 0 to 5 as described above.
Composition Dispersion Rating 10E) F) l ; Again, using the techniques of the present invention, ~ -excellent dispersion was obtained using a 50:50 organic colouring additive; using this particular organic `~
colouring additive, at an amount of 60% compared to the carrier resin, the dispersion ratings fell to an unacceptable level of l for blown film. Thus, for this particular yellow pigment, a threshold value below 60 `; of organic pigment would be applicable.
The above~procedures of Examples 1 and 2 were 20 ~repeated, using varying amounts of load levels for the organic pigments and carrier resins and varying amounts of charge sizes which were fed to the "Gelimat" in individual containers. Dispersion ratings were -- i`~
consistent with the results given above, that is well 25 ~dispersed organic pigment in blown film, was obtained.
EXAMPLE 3 ~--The procedures ~described in Example l were repeated, this time with compositions I through P, using t ~ the same conditions as described above. The 30 compositions were then used in formulations as organic ~ ~;
colouring pigments, being let down in a l melt index ;linear low dens~ity polyethylene and blown into a film of l.5~ml. of thickness, the let down ratio being adjusted ~. ~B
`:~
~:
- , 1 3~2 1 9~
such that the final content of the organic pigment in the film was 1~. Again, dispersion results were assessed in the film products on a scale from 0 to 5 as outlined above, with the following results being 5 obtained. ~-~
TABLE 3 `
PigmentDispersion Composition Pigment Conc. (%)Ratinq _ I Yellow RG.S(l) 50 4 J Yellow RG.S(2) 50 3 ;~
K Green G 33 4 L Green G 50 4 M Blue NCG 33 4 N Blue G 33 4 o Blue G 50 3 ,~
P Red 2509 33 3 ~- -.. , ~
In the above material, reference note (1) indicates that the ingredients were fed directly to the high -~ intensity mixer; reference (2~ denotes that the material was ribbon blended. Each of the above compositions ~:
15 utilized a 12 melt index linear low density polyethylene~ ;
and as per Example 1, the ingredients were separately fed except where indicated.
Generally speaking, different organic pigments have different capabilities of being blended with a carrier~ ~
; ~ 20 resin; thus, a yellow pigment may be more easily blended~-than eg. a~blue pigment, although this depends on the`;
individual organic compounds. From the above table, ~
however, it will be noted that in composition I, ; -s~ compared to composition J, the former provided a -~
significantly higher dispersion rating at the same amount of pigment concentration compared to that which was ribbon blended. Again, by following the techniques of the present invention, satisfactory to very good ~`~ results were obtained for dispersion at high loading ievels compared to that which could be obtained by the prior art.
.
~, , . . : ~ .
-14- 1 3~21~8 ~ ~
The procedures of Example 1 were repeated, again using the same conditions, but in this case, the following ingredients were employed:
Organic Pigment 10 TiO 40 LLD~E 50 The organic pigment used in separate tests, was (a) -a yellow RG5 and (b) a green "G" pigment, both of an ~ -organic nature. No pre-blending of the ingredients was carried out prior to addition to the high intensity mixer. The resulting compositions were let down in a 1 melt index linear low density polyethylene and blown -~
into film. The film was studied for dispersion ~`~
~ ` characteristics and it was found that both compositions !: ~ produced a very badly dispersed film, even at a level of ~; 15 10~ organic pigment. It is evident, therefore, that the nclusion of additional additives such as the TiO
together with the organic pigments, has a detrimental ` affect on the quality of dispersion if the TiO2 is melt dispersed~at the same time as the organic pigments.
or non-dispersed organic particles, which in the worst ~;
case renders the product useless or does not permit the production of a satisfactory product from an appearance point of view. As a minimum, the undispersed pigments do not develop the full colour potential of the pigments in the resin. -~
Again, generally speaking, it is desirable to ~ -provide a higher loading or "super" concentrate of an organic pigment in a thermoplastic resin carrier, in the order of 40 to 60 %, to permit the users of the concentrates to employ this "master batch" which could reduce cost to the manufacturer of thermoplastic products; making hi`gher concentrations of the "master batches" where the organic compound is employed would also enable higher production capacities in plants ; manufacturing the concentrates, which can then be shipped to eg. satellite plants or directly to the users ; `~
for "let-down"; finally, it may be possible to obtain ; 20 better dispersion/non-agglomeration to provide clearer~ ;
products which are coloured with organic concentrates if indeed non-agglomerating "master batches" could be obtained.
In an attempt to solve the problems of agglomeration and poor dispersion for organic colour pigments in concentrates, while having high colour ~; pigment loadings, the prior art has had to resort to two different types of solutions. One solution is to provide special hydrophilic resins as carrier materials, 30 ! in combination with special processing aids and in ;this manner, colour loading of approximately 40 % in these -~
special resins and processing aids have been obtained.
The problem with this type of solution is that due to the special resins, and inclusion of special processing ~
35 aids, it may not always be possible to utilize this type ~-of concentrated organic colouring mixture with different types of thermoplastic materials which the colouring 32~ ~8 concentrate is normally intended to be used with. Thus, not all of the thermoplastic resins would be compatible with the special resins and special processing aids;
problemæ can occur in compatibility wherein such compatibility may show up in the end products.
A second solution is to employ special low molecular weight waxes as the carrier materials for the organic pigments; this has resulted in concentrations of around 40 % of organic pigment. Such low molecular weight waxes, having molecular weight of less than 5,000, are normally melted in a pot or bath together with the pigments, and the resulting products are then pelletized to produce the "master batch". Again, since low molecular weight waxes are employed as the carrier -~
or host material for the organic pigments, special problems can be encountered with non-compatible ;~
thermoplastic materials in which the colouring concentrate is intended to be added to; in `addition, low molecular-weight materials tend to migrate to the ~
20 surface of any product and this may not be desirable in ~ -many cases.
Conventionally, the organic pigments are normally employed with var~ious types of processing aids, when making "master~batches" of 10 to 20 % concentration of ~;~
25 ~ the ~organic~pigments~. These processing aids may include ~ ~-various~types of additives,~such as zinc stearate, etc.
As-~po~Dted~out~above, as the inclusion of additives can be mere~ly for~the purpose of permitting a colour concentrate to be manufactured, the additives may not jnecessarily be compatible with the use of the colour concentrate in certain types of thermoplastics, not only bec;ause it is not desired to have such additives in the fina~l thermoplastlc product to which the colour concentrate has been used, but also for certain types of ``~
products such~as those in contact with food where such additives may~not be desirable. `
~, :; : ~ ,",','~
: -: ,. .
1 332 1 9~
Acco~dingly, it would be desirable if a method of producing colour concentrates with conventional carrier materials, e.g. normal molecular weight i.e. having a molecular weight of at least 10,000 for polyolefins, or polystyrenes, could be achieved for organic pigments in which there was a high loading of the pigments. To this -~
end, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided such a method which comprises providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular - -weight in excess of 10,000, providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially free of processing aids, separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic `
pigment to a high intensity mixer, mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient to form a low density semi-molten substantially non-flowable viscous mass-blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment, and forming said mass into a ;
colour concentrate.
In further aspects of the present invention, there . .
is also provided a colour concentrate of an organic ;-pigment and a hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, said pigment being ;
present in an amount of greater than 25% by weight of ~ the total composition, and being substantially uniformly `~ dispersed in said composition, the balance of said ~composition being said carrier resin and being ;~
substantially free from agglomeration.
In addition to the above, the method of the present inventionimay be used to prepare colour concentrates having lower than 25% organic pigment, with conventional carrier resins.
In greater detail of the present invention, colour ~ ~
concentrates of organic pigments having conventional ~;
carrier resins, free from conventional processing aids, can now be prepared in an economical and easy manner. -~
V~
~.~
Thus, one may employ any of the conventional c~rrier resins of a hydrophobic nature, which are normally used in the manufacture of various types of end products ranging from film to cast or injection molded products, and in which the organic pigment is substantially uniformly dispersed in the carrier resin and is prPsent in a non-agglomerating condition. Generally speaking, the carrier resin can now be chosen to match the type of ~:
resin which the colour concentrate is adapted to be added to. In this way, compatibility between the colour concentrate carrier resin, and the processing resin, can either be selected accordingly, or can be the same in :~
many cases.
Typical of the carrier resins that may be employed, ;~
15 for the more common processing resins used in industry, :
are those which are hydrophobic in nature, such as;
: polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, ~ copolymers of polypxopylene, polystyrene and the like. ~ .
.:
~:~ These resins will have a molecular weight in excess of .~
:~ 20 10,000 and their densities may vary considerably, ~::
depending on the properties desired for the carrier resin in the colour concentrate.
Typical of the organic pigments that may be employed with the present invention are those organic ;.. /-~
25 :pigments which provide yellow, blue, green, red or the .-Iike colours; while there are a large variety of organic pigments available for the purpose of colouring thermoplastic resins, typical of such organic pigments are~copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue -alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA" "AAOT" "AAOAn, dianisidine orange "AAA", ; ;~
~: phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese ~-"2B", red calcium "4B", and red lake "C".
~B
.. ., . ,~ .
In carrying out the method of the present invention, it is important that separate sources of the organic pigmen-t, and the hydrophobic carrier resin, be added to the high intensity blending step. Tests have shown that should these ingredients be pre-blended, agglomeration and poor dispersion will result, rendering the colour concentrate of limited usefulness, if at all.
Conversely, it is most preferred according to the ;
present invention substantially simultaneously to add each source to the high intensity mixing step - this can be conveniently carried out by providing separate charges of the desired amounts of organic pigment and hydrophobic carrier resin to the high intensity mixing step and thereafter subjecting the separate charges of -; 15 such components together to a blending operation in the high intensity mixer.
Having thus generally described the invention, `
reference will now be made to the accompanying examples, illustrating preferred embodiments.
-~ 20 EXAMPLE 1 For this example, a series of formulations were prepared both according to the invention and according to conventional practice. The apparatus employed in the example for blending the resin and additives is that known as a "Gelimat", which is a high intensity mixer.
The following compositions were utilized. ~
Composition: Components % Amount ~1 ;~ A) YelloW RGS
~;- Litnopone 25.0 ~;; 30 , Zn Stearate 1.7 LLDPE 15.0 B) Yellow RGS 25.0 ~-~
TiO 41.7 -i Zn ~tearate 1.7 LLDPE 31.6 `'; ~''"'.~'' I ~
I
C) Yellow RGS 30.0 LLDPE 70.0 D) Yellow RGS 50.0 LLDPE 50.0 ...
In the above compositions, none of the ingredients -~
were pre-blended; the term "Yellow RGS" designates a yellow organic pigment; the term "LLDPE" designates a linear low density polyethylene of a 12 melt index. ;~
In carrying out the method of the present invention, as noted above, separate sources of the ~ -~
.,: -.:
~ organic pigment and the hydrophobic carrier resin are ~ . , , . . -added to the high intensity blending step. Addition is preferably carried out simultaneously, although one can ~ . , ,--..
practice the present invention by sequentially adding ;~-separate sources provided that all separate sources are added before any individual component is worked to a ~ -:
15 sufficient extent by the high intensity mixing device so i~
that it~becomes semi-molten or agglomerated. In other words, it is possible to separately charge the organic ;~
p~igment and carrier resin individually, but both have to --be present~in the high intensity mixing step before the 0~ dis~creet proper~ties of the components fed to the high ~ -~
intenslty mixing step are altered to any significant extent ~j ;
In terms ~of the high intensity mixing step, a most ~`
con~venient~and suitable apparatus for carrying out the 5 ~method~of`the~près~ent invention utilizes a "Gelimat"
apparatus;~ such devlces come in varying sizes tcapacities). The "Gelimat" apparatus is basically a batch-type ~evice where individual batches of the ' products are blended and the~ ~ischarged. Reference may 30 be~had to co-pending;Canadian Patent Application, ~;
Serial~No. 486,540, f~iled July 9, 1985 for the pro~
cess and apparatus conditions for the use of the ., .. ; ~ ", ~ -~ "Gelimat" type device. In A
A ~^
'` ~ . ' "' . ' -i `:
' -8- 1 3321 '~8 the method of this invention, the charge size may vary from small batches of eg. 2 pounds or more of ingredient~ to 6 pounds or more; preferably the blending is carried out in time intervals varying from 10 to about 15 seconds, although such time intervals can be varied as desired. The temperature at which the products are subjected to may likewise vary; typically, these can be from about 125 - 150C - that is the "dump"
temperature of the product after being fluxed will 10 normally be in this range, although wide variations can ~
be expected depending on the type oE organic pigment and ~-the hydrophobic carrier resin used.
A~ter fluxing/blending according to the present invention, the product can then be processed in one of i;
15 several different manners; for example, the product can then be passed through an extruder and subsequently pelletized after extrusion, or stil~ further, the product emanating from the "Gelimat" can be ground into ; a powdèr by a conventional grinding apparatus.
One of the primary features of the present invention is the fact that by the method disclosed herein, the hydrophobic carrier resin can be the same resin as that which the colour concentrate product is intended to be used with. Thus, a typical carrier resin 25 may be an eg. linear low density polyethylene and the resulting colour concentrate having a load factor of 30 to 50~ can then be employed as a colour concentrate for such linear low density polyethylenes in the conventional process. This is a significant advantage 30 since there will be inherent compatibility between the !
organic concentrate in its carrier resin with the resin ; to which the organic concentrate is intended to be used with; whereby problems aqsociated with non-compatibility as were encountered in the prior art can then be avoided. Typically, the colour concentrates of the ~ ':
` 1 3~2 1 '38 ~ ~
g .: ~
present invention will range between 25 to 50% of organic pigment or more, depending upon the type of organic pigment employed. When produced, the organic ~;
concentrate can be let down with compatible resins and there after used in a diluted form or if desired, can be used directly as produced by the present invention. In most cases, the organic pigments can be let down after transportation to a suitable point where such organic ;
concentrates are used, resulting in savings of ~-transportation costs.
Accordingly, a further step in the method of the present invention involves taking the colour concentrate ;~
obtained by the above described method, diluting the same with a compatible resin, and subsequently adding `~
the diluted colour concen-trate as a colour additive to a resin which is to be extruded, molded or the like.
Typically, when the colour concentrate of the present invention is let down, it will be diluted t`o typically between .25% to about 5% by weight of the compatible ~ ~-resin; the compatible resin can be any resin which is compatible with the carrier resin and most preferably, is of the same type as the carrier resin. Thus, if the carrier resin were a low density polyethylene, likewise the resin in which the colour concentrate is let down 25 will be a low density polyethylene resin. Of course, ~~
various copolymers of polyethylene are substantially compatible with such carrier resins as polyethylene and they likewise may also be employed. -For final use, the colouring concentrate will be ~`
employed in varying amounts depending on the degree of colour desired but typically, these range from 1/4 of 1%
to 10%. It will be understood, however, that such ~; amounts are well known by those skilled in this art.
~.i , ~ ' ,,''.. .' '' -10- ~, Another feature of the method of the present invention, and particularly to the products obtained thereby, is the fact that various additives can be eliminated which were required by prior art techniques in order to produce high concentrations of organic colouring components. In fact, as noted above, in carrying out the method, the organic pigment and the carrier resin should be free of additives in order to not exhibit some of the detrimental side effects associated with these additives. However, if desired, after the product has been formed, additional additives ~-~
may be incorporated in subsequent steps.
For each composition, a colouring concentrate was prepared by feeding each individual ingredient in a ;-~
separate container (a plastic bag) into the "Gelimat"
apparatus via a feed chute; the fluxing time in the ~ "Gelimat" for the ingredients varie~d between 12 to 14 :~ seconds for the different compositions and a batch material was discharged from the "Gelimat" at approximately 135C.
Each of the batches produced by the "Gelimat" was then passed through a gear pump extruder and pelletized to result in a product in which the individual ingredients were formed into a blended composition.
2~5 ; Following pelletizing, each composition was then used~as a colouring composition for a linear low density polyethylene of a 1 melt index, in which the colouring composition was let~down and blown into film where the resulting film had a 0.75% organic yellow content. Each film thus produced was studied to determine the dispersion of the organic pigment in the colouring conaentrate, with ratings being from Q to 5 with 0 ~;
representing very~ poor dispersion of the colouring ;
oomposition, to 5 representing very good dispersion of such colouring compositions.
-'`~ ' ''' '~"' ; . ~
:
-11- 1332198 ` ~:
The results of the dispersion testing are as -~
follows~
TABLE 1 ~;
Composition Dispersion Ratinq Commercial Product 2 From the above results, it will be seen that ~ s`~
compositions C and D which employed the organic ``
colouring pigments together with the carrier resin, ~ J.,.'", namely the linear low density polyethylene resin, each ` ~
10 had a very good dispersion rating of 4; a typical ~`;;`
commercial product only received a rating of 2 showing that by using the techniques of the present invention, vastly superior results can be obtained, and this was ~`~
achieved using compositions of between 30 to 50% organic ``
15 pigment loading. Those compositions which included `~
c~onventional additives, yet the same organic pigment, in ; amounts of only 25% received either a very poor rating or~ at the best a~good rating~, even though they contained ; -;a~lower amount o~ organic pigment than the compositions;
20 used in trials C and~D according to the present invention. It is evident, therefore, that higher loading~ with signif~icantly improved dispersion~results càn~bè obtained~whe~n using the techniques of the present nvention.
25 ~EXAMPLE~
Procedures similar to those of Example 1 were ~ f~
repeated, but in this case, the following compositions ~
were used. ~ ;
Compos~i;tion~ comPonents % Amount ~ ,''"~',~-!' E) ~ ~ ~ellow RGS 50 `~-LLDPE ~ 50 , F) Yellow RGS 60 ` LLDPE 40 --~ 1 332 1 98 Processing conditions were similar to those of Example l; the products obtained were let down in 1 melt ~ ~;
index linear low density polyethylene and blown into a film, again so that the film had a .75% organic yellow content. Table 2, following, shows the results with the measurement ratings being based on a scale of 0 to 5 as described above.
Composition Dispersion Rating 10E) F) l ; Again, using the techniques of the present invention, ~ -excellent dispersion was obtained using a 50:50 organic colouring additive; using this particular organic `~
colouring additive, at an amount of 60% compared to the carrier resin, the dispersion ratings fell to an unacceptable level of l for blown film. Thus, for this particular yellow pigment, a threshold value below 60 `; of organic pigment would be applicable.
The above~procedures of Examples 1 and 2 were 20 ~repeated, using varying amounts of load levels for the organic pigments and carrier resins and varying amounts of charge sizes which were fed to the "Gelimat" in individual containers. Dispersion ratings were -- i`~
consistent with the results given above, that is well 25 ~dispersed organic pigment in blown film, was obtained.
EXAMPLE 3 ~--The procedures ~described in Example l were repeated, this time with compositions I through P, using t ~ the same conditions as described above. The 30 compositions were then used in formulations as organic ~ ~;
colouring pigments, being let down in a l melt index ;linear low dens~ity polyethylene and blown into a film of l.5~ml. of thickness, the let down ratio being adjusted ~. ~B
`:~
~:
- , 1 3~2 1 9~
such that the final content of the organic pigment in the film was 1~. Again, dispersion results were assessed in the film products on a scale from 0 to 5 as outlined above, with the following results being 5 obtained. ~-~
TABLE 3 `
PigmentDispersion Composition Pigment Conc. (%)Ratinq _ I Yellow RG.S(l) 50 4 J Yellow RG.S(2) 50 3 ;~
K Green G 33 4 L Green G 50 4 M Blue NCG 33 4 N Blue G 33 4 o Blue G 50 3 ,~
P Red 2509 33 3 ~- -.. , ~
In the above material, reference note (1) indicates that the ingredients were fed directly to the high -~ intensity mixer; reference (2~ denotes that the material was ribbon blended. Each of the above compositions ~:
15 utilized a 12 melt index linear low density polyethylene~ ;
and as per Example 1, the ingredients were separately fed except where indicated.
Generally speaking, different organic pigments have different capabilities of being blended with a carrier~ ~
; ~ 20 resin; thus, a yellow pigment may be more easily blended~-than eg. a~blue pigment, although this depends on the`;
individual organic compounds. From the above table, ~
however, it will be noted that in composition I, ; -s~ compared to composition J, the former provided a -~
significantly higher dispersion rating at the same amount of pigment concentration compared to that which was ribbon blended. Again, by following the techniques of the present invention, satisfactory to very good ~`~ results were obtained for dispersion at high loading ievels compared to that which could be obtained by the prior art.
.
~, , . . : ~ .
-14- 1 3~21~8 ~ ~
The procedures of Example 1 were repeated, again using the same conditions, but in this case, the following ingredients were employed:
Organic Pigment 10 TiO 40 LLD~E 50 The organic pigment used in separate tests, was (a) -a yellow RG5 and (b) a green "G" pigment, both of an ~ -organic nature. No pre-blending of the ingredients was carried out prior to addition to the high intensity mixer. The resulting compositions were let down in a 1 melt index linear low density polyethylene and blown -~
into film. The film was studied for dispersion ~`~
~ ` characteristics and it was found that both compositions !: ~ produced a very badly dispersed film, even at a level of ~; 15 10~ organic pigment. It is evident, therefore, that the nclusion of additional additives such as the TiO
together with the organic pigments, has a detrimental ` affect on the quality of dispersion if the TiO2 is melt dispersed~at the same time as the organic pigments.
Claims (17)
1. A method of preparing a non-agglomerating homogenous organic pigment concentrate which comprises:
providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000; providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially-completely free of processing aids;
separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic pigment to a high intensity mixer; and in a single step mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient only to form a low density, semi-molten, substantially non-flowable viscous uniform blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment; and subsequently forming said mass into a colour concentrate.
providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000; providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially-completely free of processing aids;
separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic pigment to a high intensity mixer; and in a single step mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient only to form a low density, semi-molten, substantially non-flowable viscous uniform blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment; and subsequently forming said mass into a colour concentrate.
2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said organic pigment is present in an amount of from 25% to 60%
by weight of the total composition, and which comprises a further step of pelletizing the colour concentrate obtained to form a pelletizing organic pigment concentrate.
by weight of the total composition, and which comprises a further step of pelletizing the colour concentrate obtained to form a pelletizing organic pigment concentrate.
3. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic carrier resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene, and polystyrene.
4. A method as defined in claim 1 or 3, wherein said organic pigment is selected from the group consisting of copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue - alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA"
"AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B", and red lake "C".
"AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B", and red lake "C".
5. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said organic pigment is added in an amount sufficient to provide between 40% to 60% by weight of the total composition, and which comprises a further step of diluting the resulting concentrated organia pigment in a further thermoplastic resin to form a concentrate having an organic pigment loading below 40%.
6. A method as defined in claim 1, which includes a further step of blending the resulting colour concentrate with one or more processing additives after said concentrate has been formed.
7. An improved homogeneous colour concentrate consisting essentially of an organic pigment and a hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, and being substantially-completely free from dispersing aids, said pigment being present in an amount greater than 25% by weight of the total composition, and being substantially uniformly dispersed in said composition, the balance of said composition being said carrier resin and being substantially free from agglomeration.
8. A composition as defined in claim 7, wherein said hydrophobic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene, and polystyrene.
9. A composition as defined in claim 8, wherein said organic pigment is present in an amount of from 40% to 60% by weight of the total composition.
10. A composition as defined in claim 7 or 8, wherein said organic pigment is selected from the group consisting of copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue - alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA" "AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B" and red lake "C".
11. In a method for preparing a non-agglomerating homogenous organic pigment concentrate by the steps of providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000; providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially completely free of processing aids, separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic pigment, the improvement comprising separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic pigment to a high intensity mixer, and in a single step mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient only to form a low density semi-molten substantially non-flowable viscous uniform blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment and whereby no dispersing aids are necessary to form said mass into a colour concentrate. `
12. A method for providing a coloured hydrophobic resin which comprises: providing a source of hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000: providing a source of an organic colouring pigment, said pigment being substantially completely free of processing aids, separately charging each of said carrier resin and said organic pigment to a high intensity mixer; mixing and blending said carrier resin and said organic pigment in said high intensity mixer for a period of time sufficient only to form a low density, semi-molten, substantially- non-flowable viscous mass-blend of said carrier resin and said organic pigment;
and forming said mass into a colour concentrate; and blending said colour concentrate into the said hydrophobic resin.
and forming said mass into a colour concentrate; and blending said colour concentrate into the said hydrophobic resin.
13. The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said hydrophobic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene, and polystyrene.
14. The method as defined in Claims 12 or 13, wherein said organic pigment is copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue - alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA" "AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B", red lake "C".
15. A coloured hydrophobic resin comprising: a hydrophobic resin within which is blended a colour concentrate consisting essentially of an organic pigment and a hydrophobic carrier resin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, and being substantially-completely free from dispersing aids, said pigment being present in an amount of greater than 25% by weight of the total composition, and being substantially uniformly dispersed in said composition, the balance of said composition being said carrier resin and being substantially free from agglomeration.
16. The coloured hydrophobic resin as defined in Claim 15, wherein said hydrophobic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene, and polystyrene.
17. The coloured hydrophobic resin as defined in claims 15 or 16, wherein said organic pigment is selected from the group consisting of copper phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue - alpha and beta, lithol rubine red, diarylide yellow "AAMX" "AAA"
"AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B", red lake "C".
"AAOT" "AAOA", dianisidine orange "AAA", phthalocyanine green, and calcium lithol red, red calcium "2B", barium "2B", strontium "2B", manganese "2B", red calcium "4B", red lake "C".
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000557595A CA1332198C (en) | 1988-01-28 | 1988-01-28 | Color concentrates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000557595A CA1332198C (en) | 1988-01-28 | 1988-01-28 | Color concentrates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1332198C true CA1332198C (en) | 1994-09-27 |
Family
ID=4137339
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000557595A Expired - Fee Related CA1332198C (en) | 1988-01-28 | 1988-01-28 | Color concentrates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1332198C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0910603B1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 2004-12-29 | Clariant Finance (BVI) Limited | Masterbatches and a process for their preparation |
| DE102017131437A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | Heubach Gmbh | Use of a pigment preparation for the production of enamel paints and the enamel paint subsequently produced |
| CN112321855A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-05 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | Quaternary compound color master batch and preparation method thereof |
| CN112358740A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-12 | 浙江闰土染料有限公司 | Navy blue direct dye and its preparation method and use |
-
1988
- 1988-01-28 CA CA000557595A patent/CA1332198C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0910603B1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 2004-12-29 | Clariant Finance (BVI) Limited | Masterbatches and a process for their preparation |
| DE102017131437A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | Heubach Gmbh | Use of a pigment preparation for the production of enamel paints and the enamel paint subsequently produced |
| CN112358740A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-12 | 浙江闰土染料有限公司 | Navy blue direct dye and its preparation method and use |
| CN112321855A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-05 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | Quaternary compound color master batch and preparation method thereof |
| CN112321855B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-11-18 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | Quaternary compound color master batch and preparation method thereof |
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