CA1323165C - Process for reducing mould cycle time - Google Patents
Process for reducing mould cycle timeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1323165C CA1323165C CA000599268A CA599268A CA1323165C CA 1323165 C CA1323165 C CA 1323165C CA 000599268 A CA000599268 A CA 000599268A CA 599268 A CA599268 A CA 599268A CA 1323165 C CA1323165 C CA 1323165C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- opening
- configuration
- article
- member means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0061—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the configuration of the material feeding channel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/546—Measures for feeding or distributing the matrix material in the reinforcing structure
- B29C70/548—Measures for feeding or distributing the matrix material in the reinforcing structure using distribution constructions, e.g. channels incorporated in or associated with the mould
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
PROCESS FOR REDUCING MOULD CYCLE TIME
A method is disclosed for the reduction of mould cycle time.
A deformable member is positioned flush with the surface of a mould in an opening defined downwardly therein. Prior to flow of a resin or other hardenable liquid within the mould, the member is deformed so as to define a resin flow channel across selected portions of the mould surface. Prior to hardening of the hardenable liquid within the mould, the member is heated so as to deform and form a surface which is flush with the surface of the mould.
ML2.T8265FF
PROCESS FOR REDUCING MOULD CYCLE TIME
A method is disclosed for the reduction of mould cycle time.
A deformable member is positioned flush with the surface of a mould in an opening defined downwardly therein. Prior to flow of a resin or other hardenable liquid within the mould, the member is deformed so as to define a resin flow channel across selected portions of the mould surface. Prior to hardening of the hardenable liquid within the mould, the member is heated so as to deform and form a surface which is flush with the surface of the mould.
ML2.T8265FF
Description
1 32~ 1 65 PROCESS F~R RED~CING MO~LD CYCLE TIME
The invention relates to a process for reducing cycle time in the moulding of fibre-reinforced thermoset articles.
Vari.ous moulding methods are discussed in chapters ~I and 5 of the book entitled, Handbook of Reinforced Plastics, Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., copyright 1964, published by the Reinhold Publishing Corporation, Library of ~ongress Catalog Card No.
6~-15205. Whenever contact moulding, bag moulding, or similar procedures are being used to fabricate articles of manufacture formed from fibre-reinforced resins, single die moulds will typically be required.
To economically produce these articles using any type of mould, the rate of article production must be maximized to allow the quick recovery of the capital costs associated with the purchase of the mould. The mould cycle time must be minimized.
In the case of an article that incorporates fibres or filaments within the thermoset composition, it is desirable to quickly wet these materials. In the case of an article that comprises a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement it is desirable to have the thermosetting resin composition flood all internal voids and interstices within the fibre-mass quickly such that the curing time of the resin may be kept to a minimum.
A process therefore needs to be developed that permits rapid flow of the resin into the mould and which permits rapid wetting of these fibres.
The present invention provides a process for moulding a thermoset article of manufacture including the steps of:
- providing a mould having a surface, said mould surface having at least one opening defined downwardly therein, - locating heat-recoverable member means within said openin~, said member means previously having been deformed from an :
:, :
': ~ :
....... . ~ . .
.
, ' .
1323~65 2 63~93-3101 expandecl first confi.guration to a ~econd c:onfigu~ation whieh defines an opening to permit flowi.ng of thermosetting resin composition throucJh said opening into the moulcl, and being capable of recovexing to or towards its expanded first configurat:ion when subjected to a suitable temperature of recovery, inserting a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement in the mould, closing the mould, flowing thermosetting resin composition into the mould, heating said heat recoverable member means to expand said heat recoverable member means to obtain said first configuration and to form a surface which is flush with said moulcl surface, retaining said thermosetting composi~ion in said mould for a sufficient period to dimensionally stabilize the article of manufacture, opening the mould, and removing said article from said mould These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, wherein referenGe is made to Figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 ls a schematic representation in a side view in partial cross seGtion showing the deformable member means positioned within an opening defined downwardly within the mould section.
: Fig. 2 is a schematiG representation in a side view and partial Gross section of the same member now defining an opening : for flow of a thermosettlng resin composition into the preshaped ~: member of fibre-reinforcement.
.
: ~ . ' ' ' ~
.
.
, ':
The invention relates to a process for reducing cycle time in the moulding of fibre-reinforced thermoset articles.
Vari.ous moulding methods are discussed in chapters ~I and 5 of the book entitled, Handbook of Reinforced Plastics, Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., copyright 1964, published by the Reinhold Publishing Corporation, Library of ~ongress Catalog Card No.
6~-15205. Whenever contact moulding, bag moulding, or similar procedures are being used to fabricate articles of manufacture formed from fibre-reinforced resins, single die moulds will typically be required.
To economically produce these articles using any type of mould, the rate of article production must be maximized to allow the quick recovery of the capital costs associated with the purchase of the mould. The mould cycle time must be minimized.
In the case of an article that incorporates fibres or filaments within the thermoset composition, it is desirable to quickly wet these materials. In the case of an article that comprises a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement it is desirable to have the thermosetting resin composition flood all internal voids and interstices within the fibre-mass quickly such that the curing time of the resin may be kept to a minimum.
A process therefore needs to be developed that permits rapid flow of the resin into the mould and which permits rapid wetting of these fibres.
The present invention provides a process for moulding a thermoset article of manufacture including the steps of:
- providing a mould having a surface, said mould surface having at least one opening defined downwardly therein, - locating heat-recoverable member means within said openin~, said member means previously having been deformed from an :
:, :
': ~ :
....... . ~ . .
.
, ' .
1323~65 2 63~93-3101 expandecl first confi.guration to a ~econd c:onfigu~ation whieh defines an opening to permit flowi.ng of thermosetting resin composition throucJh said opening into the moulcl, and being capable of recovexing to or towards its expanded first configurat:ion when subjected to a suitable temperature of recovery, inserting a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement in the mould, closing the mould, flowing thermosetting resin composition into the mould, heating said heat recoverable member means to expand said heat recoverable member means to obtain said first configuration and to form a surface which is flush with said moulcl surface, retaining said thermosetting composi~ion in said mould for a sufficient period to dimensionally stabilize the article of manufacture, opening the mould, and removing said article from said mould These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, wherein referenGe is made to Figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 ls a schematic representation in a side view in partial cross seGtion showing the deformable member means positioned within an opening defined downwardly within the mould section.
: Fig. 2 is a schematiG representation in a side view and partial Gross section of the same member now defining an opening : for flow of a thermosettlng resin composition into the preshaped ~: member of fibre-reinforcement.
.
: ~ . ' ' ' ~
.
.
, ':
3 632g3-310 In Figs. 1 and 2, 11 ancl 12 represent the upper and lower parts of a mould, respectlvely, and 13 represents a preshaped member of fihre-reinforcement.
The mould can be seen to comprise a surface 14 haviny at least one opening 15 defined downwardly the~ein. Surface 14 of the mould preferably coincides with the lower surface of the preshaped memher of fibre-reinforcement 13. Opening 15 can be embodied in the form of a longitudinal groove or channel which in the figures is shown in cross-section. More than one opening can be present in the lower mould surface. The mou].d is referred to in a generic sanse wherein it is understood to include structures associated with vacuum bag moulding, pressure bag moulding, autoclave moulding, vacuum injection moulding, cable clave moulding or the like.
Deformable member means 16, located within the opening 15, comprise in the first conflguration, as shown in Figure 1, a rod exactly fitting in the groove or channel, thus forming an upper surface which is flush with the surface of the mould.
Deformable member means 16 are connected via means not shown with means for supplying heat to member means 16.
Fig. 2 shows the member means 16 in the second ` configuration. An openlng 17 is provided, through which thermosetting resin composition can be supplied to the internal mould volume to fill the free volume of the preshaped member of fibre-reinEorcement. Heating of member 16 causes expansion of its upper surface 18 to a position which is flush with mould surface 14. Thus, opening 17 is closed and no more thermosetting resin can be supplied to the interior o the mould.
.
;
: '~
~3231~5 3a 632~3-3101 Suitahle thermosettlng resins are selected from polyester resins, phenolic resins, vinyl ester resins, epo~y resins, polyurethane resins, polyi.socyanurate resins, urethane resins, and polyamide resins.
The preshaped fibre-reinforcement can comprise fibreglass cloth, tape, woven roving, or any other collection o~
fihres, cloth or material use to reinforce the resin. Pxeshaping to closely fit the internal volume of the mould can be carried out by any known methocl, compress.ing being preferred. The flow of the thermosetting resin beneath certain portions of the filament member accelerates supply of resin to the filament memher thereby allowing shortening the moulding cycle time~
The moulding may comprise at least one thermosettlng resin injection pot typically located centrally within the lower surface :: :
.
, .
1323~5 area of the mould. To allow the rapid supply of the resin over a relative large portion of the lower mould surface area ths openings 15 preferably extend radially outward away from that port. It should be well reco~nized that many other flow patterns may be used to accomplish the same mechanical result. For example, the openings 15 may comprise a relatlvely large series of linear parallel flow channels, evenly spread over the lower surface area of the mould.
In this Specification t~e heat-recoverable member means are understood to mean a polymeric or metallic article which has been lQ deformed from a first configuration to a second configuration and which solely upon being sub;ected to a suitable temperature tends to recover to or towards its first configuration.
Polymeric articles may be made capable of being rendered heat-recoverable by, for example, cross-linking with irradiation with beta or gamma rays or by chemical means or by a combination thereof. Examples of heat-recoverable materials may be found in US-A-2,027,962 and GB-A-1,529,351.
Especially useful materials include, for example, the olefin polymers of which are preferred high density polyethylene, polybutene-l, poly-4-methyl pentene and fluorinated polyolefins for example, ethylene-trifluorochloro ethylene copolymers and vinylidene fluoride polymers, especially PVf2 and blends thereof of which there are preferred the fluorinated olefin blends as described and claimed in GB-A-1,120,131, and polyesters, for 25. example, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate for example that treated as described and claimed in DE-A-2,448,414, or GB-A-1,486,207, polyamides, polyphenylene oxide and -sulphide, blends of polyethylene oxide with styrene silicon-carbonate block copolymers, polyaryl sulphones, polyether sulphones, polycarbonates especially those derived from bisphenyl-A
polyamides, especially those described and claimed in GB-A-1,287,932 epoxy resins and blends of one or more of the above-mentioned polymeric materials either with each or with other polymeric materials.
;
,~., - :
`
~: ' To these materials there may be added any of the conventional additives, for example, antioxidants, Elame retardants, reinforcing fillers, cross-linking agents, pigments, f~mgicides and the like.
As rein~orcing fillers there may be especially mentioned glass fibres.
Of the metals capable of being rendered heat-recoverable there may be mentioned, as described in GB-A-2,090,076 "Memory metals"
sometimes also called "Memory Alloys" which are metallic materials that exhibit changes in strength and configuratlonal characteristics on passing through a transition temperature, in most cases the transition temperature between the martensitic and austenitic states, and can be used to make heat-recoverable articles by deforming an article made from them whilst the metal is in its martensitic, low temperature state. The article will retain its deformed configuration until it is warmed above the transition temperature to the austenitic state when it will return or attempt to return towards its original configuration. It will be understood that the heat-recoverable article is capable of returning towards its original configuration without the further application of outside force. The deformation used to place the material in the heat unstable configuration is commonly referred to as thermally recoverable plastic deformation and can also, in certain cases, be imparted by introducing strains into the article above the transition temperature, whereupon the article assumes the deformed configuration on cooling through the transition temperature. It should be understood that the transition temperature may be a temperature range and that, as hysteresis usually occurs, the precise temperature at whi.ch transition occurs may depend on whether the temperature is rising or falling. Furthermore, the transition temperature is a function of other parameters, including the stress applied to the material, the temperatures rising with increasing stress.
Amongst such memory metals there may especially be mentioned various alloys of titanium and nickel which are described, for ; 35 example, in US-A-3,174,851; 3,351,463; 3,753,700; 3,759,552, !
:
. ~ :
',~' ' ' ~ ' ' ' ' " ' ~ ' :,: ' .
~ ~ ' ' ' ' ' 1 3~3 1 65 GB-A-1,327,~ 1 and 1,327,442 and NASA Publication SP 110, "55-Nitinol-The Alloy with a Memory, etc." (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1972). The property of heat recoverability has not, however, been solely confined to such titanium-nickel alloys. Thus, for example, various beta-brass alloys have been demonstrated to exhibit this property in, e.g.
N. Nakanishi et al, Scripta Metallurgica 5 433-440 (Pergamon Press 1971)1 US-A-3,783,037; 4,019,925; 4,144,104; ~,146,392; ~,166,739 and 4,035,007, and such materials may be doped to lower their 0 transition temperature to cryogenic regimes by known techniques.
Similarly, 304 stainlass steels have been shown to en;oy such characteristics E. Enami et al, id, at pp. 663-68.
The mould can be seen to comprise a surface 14 haviny at least one opening 15 defined downwardly the~ein. Surface 14 of the mould preferably coincides with the lower surface of the preshaped memher of fibre-reinforcement 13. Opening 15 can be embodied in the form of a longitudinal groove or channel which in the figures is shown in cross-section. More than one opening can be present in the lower mould surface. The mou].d is referred to in a generic sanse wherein it is understood to include structures associated with vacuum bag moulding, pressure bag moulding, autoclave moulding, vacuum injection moulding, cable clave moulding or the like.
Deformable member means 16, located within the opening 15, comprise in the first conflguration, as shown in Figure 1, a rod exactly fitting in the groove or channel, thus forming an upper surface which is flush with the surface of the mould.
Deformable member means 16 are connected via means not shown with means for supplying heat to member means 16.
Fig. 2 shows the member means 16 in the second ` configuration. An openlng 17 is provided, through which thermosetting resin composition can be supplied to the internal mould volume to fill the free volume of the preshaped member of fibre-reinEorcement. Heating of member 16 causes expansion of its upper surface 18 to a position which is flush with mould surface 14. Thus, opening 17 is closed and no more thermosetting resin can be supplied to the interior o the mould.
.
;
: '~
~3231~5 3a 632~3-3101 Suitahle thermosettlng resins are selected from polyester resins, phenolic resins, vinyl ester resins, epo~y resins, polyurethane resins, polyi.socyanurate resins, urethane resins, and polyamide resins.
The preshaped fibre-reinforcement can comprise fibreglass cloth, tape, woven roving, or any other collection o~
fihres, cloth or material use to reinforce the resin. Pxeshaping to closely fit the internal volume of the mould can be carried out by any known methocl, compress.ing being preferred. The flow of the thermosetting resin beneath certain portions of the filament member accelerates supply of resin to the filament memher thereby allowing shortening the moulding cycle time~
The moulding may comprise at least one thermosettlng resin injection pot typically located centrally within the lower surface :: :
.
, .
1323~5 area of the mould. To allow the rapid supply of the resin over a relative large portion of the lower mould surface area ths openings 15 preferably extend radially outward away from that port. It should be well reco~nized that many other flow patterns may be used to accomplish the same mechanical result. For example, the openings 15 may comprise a relatlvely large series of linear parallel flow channels, evenly spread over the lower surface area of the mould.
In this Specification t~e heat-recoverable member means are understood to mean a polymeric or metallic article which has been lQ deformed from a first configuration to a second configuration and which solely upon being sub;ected to a suitable temperature tends to recover to or towards its first configuration.
Polymeric articles may be made capable of being rendered heat-recoverable by, for example, cross-linking with irradiation with beta or gamma rays or by chemical means or by a combination thereof. Examples of heat-recoverable materials may be found in US-A-2,027,962 and GB-A-1,529,351.
Especially useful materials include, for example, the olefin polymers of which are preferred high density polyethylene, polybutene-l, poly-4-methyl pentene and fluorinated polyolefins for example, ethylene-trifluorochloro ethylene copolymers and vinylidene fluoride polymers, especially PVf2 and blends thereof of which there are preferred the fluorinated olefin blends as described and claimed in GB-A-1,120,131, and polyesters, for 25. example, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate for example that treated as described and claimed in DE-A-2,448,414, or GB-A-1,486,207, polyamides, polyphenylene oxide and -sulphide, blends of polyethylene oxide with styrene silicon-carbonate block copolymers, polyaryl sulphones, polyether sulphones, polycarbonates especially those derived from bisphenyl-A
polyamides, especially those described and claimed in GB-A-1,287,932 epoxy resins and blends of one or more of the above-mentioned polymeric materials either with each or with other polymeric materials.
;
,~., - :
`
~: ' To these materials there may be added any of the conventional additives, for example, antioxidants, Elame retardants, reinforcing fillers, cross-linking agents, pigments, f~mgicides and the like.
As rein~orcing fillers there may be especially mentioned glass fibres.
Of the metals capable of being rendered heat-recoverable there may be mentioned, as described in GB-A-2,090,076 "Memory metals"
sometimes also called "Memory Alloys" which are metallic materials that exhibit changes in strength and configuratlonal characteristics on passing through a transition temperature, in most cases the transition temperature between the martensitic and austenitic states, and can be used to make heat-recoverable articles by deforming an article made from them whilst the metal is in its martensitic, low temperature state. The article will retain its deformed configuration until it is warmed above the transition temperature to the austenitic state when it will return or attempt to return towards its original configuration. It will be understood that the heat-recoverable article is capable of returning towards its original configuration without the further application of outside force. The deformation used to place the material in the heat unstable configuration is commonly referred to as thermally recoverable plastic deformation and can also, in certain cases, be imparted by introducing strains into the article above the transition temperature, whereupon the article assumes the deformed configuration on cooling through the transition temperature. It should be understood that the transition temperature may be a temperature range and that, as hysteresis usually occurs, the precise temperature at whi.ch transition occurs may depend on whether the temperature is rising or falling. Furthermore, the transition temperature is a function of other parameters, including the stress applied to the material, the temperatures rising with increasing stress.
Amongst such memory metals there may especially be mentioned various alloys of titanium and nickel which are described, for ; 35 example, in US-A-3,174,851; 3,351,463; 3,753,700; 3,759,552, !
:
. ~ :
',~' ' ' ~ ' ' ' ' " ' ~ ' :,: ' .
~ ~ ' ' ' ' ' 1 3~3 1 65 GB-A-1,327,~ 1 and 1,327,442 and NASA Publication SP 110, "55-Nitinol-The Alloy with a Memory, etc." (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1972). The property of heat recoverability has not, however, been solely confined to such titanium-nickel alloys. Thus, for example, various beta-brass alloys have been demonstrated to exhibit this property in, e.g.
N. Nakanishi et al, Scripta Metallurgica 5 433-440 (Pergamon Press 1971)1 US-A-3,783,037; 4,019,925; 4,144,104; ~,146,392; ~,166,739 and 4,035,007, and such materials may be doped to lower their 0 transition temperature to cryogenic regimes by known techniques.
Similarly, 304 stainlass steels have been shown to en;oy such characteristics E. Enami et al, id, at pp. 663-68.
Claims
THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
l. A process for moulding a thermoset article of manufacture including the steps of:
providing a mould having a surface, said mould surface having at least one opening defined downwardly therein, locating heat-recoverable member means within said opening, said member means previously having been deformed from an expanded first configuration to a second configuration which defines an opening to permit flowing of thermosetting resin composition through said opening into the mould, and being capable of recovering to or towards its expanded first configuration when subjected to a suitable temperature of recovery, inserting a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement in the mould, closing the mould, flowing thermosetting resin composition into the mould, heating said heat recoverable member means to expand said heat recoverable member means to obtain said first configuration and to form a surface which is flush with said mould surface, retaining said thermosetting composition in said mould for a sufficient period to dimensionally stabilize the article of manufacture, opening the mould, and removing said article from said mould.
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
l. A process for moulding a thermoset article of manufacture including the steps of:
providing a mould having a surface, said mould surface having at least one opening defined downwardly therein, locating heat-recoverable member means within said opening, said member means previously having been deformed from an expanded first configuration to a second configuration which defines an opening to permit flowing of thermosetting resin composition through said opening into the mould, and being capable of recovering to or towards its expanded first configuration when subjected to a suitable temperature of recovery, inserting a preshaped member of fibre-reinforcement in the mould, closing the mould, flowing thermosetting resin composition into the mould, heating said heat recoverable member means to expand said heat recoverable member means to obtain said first configuration and to form a surface which is flush with said mould surface, retaining said thermosetting composition in said mould for a sufficient period to dimensionally stabilize the article of manufacture, opening the mould, and removing said article from said mould.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/197,738 US4880583A (en) | 1988-05-23 | 1988-05-23 | Method for reduction of mold cycle time |
| US197,738 | 1988-05-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1323165C true CA1323165C (en) | 1993-10-19 |
Family
ID=22730563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000599268A Expired - Fee Related CA1323165C (en) | 1988-05-23 | 1989-05-10 | Process for reducing mould cycle time |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4880583A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0343736B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0220310A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970011569B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1323165C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68913348T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2050781T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5132069A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1992-07-21 | Newton John R | Method of injection molding composite articles |
| US5052906A (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1991-10-01 | Seemann Composite Systems, Inc. | Plastic transfer molding apparatus for the production of fiber reinforced plastic structures |
| DE4007331A1 (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1991-09-12 | Phoenix Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPONENTS FROM PLASTIC AND ELASTOMERS |
| US5204042A (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1993-04-20 | Northrop Corporation | Method of making composite laminate parts combining resin transfer molding and a trapped expansion member |
| US5681519A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1997-10-28 | Davidson Textron Inc. | Method of squeeze molding a foam cored article |
| US5584113A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1996-12-17 | Hovorka; Fred D. | Method for identifying cast parts |
| FR2742378B1 (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1998-03-06 | Aerospatiale | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PART IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL BY RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING, AND PART OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
| EP1038656A1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-27 | LS Technologies, Inc. A Pennsylvania Corporation | Vacuum resin impregnation process |
| GB2354476A (en) * | 1999-07-03 | 2001-03-28 | Alan Roger Harper | A mould tool for resin transfer moulding |
| GB0229094D0 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2003-01-15 | Hexcel Composites Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the preparation of fibre-reinforced composites |
| US7189345B2 (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2007-03-13 | The Boeing Company | Method for vacuum assisted resin transfer molding |
| DE102007013987A1 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-02-21 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Molding surface used when making fibrous composite components in aerospace industry, includes diversity of groove types for supply of impregnation material to fibrous blank |
| US7658193B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2010-02-09 | Hayloft Enterprises, Inc. | Interocclusal appliance and method |
| US20110067710A1 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-03-24 | Dentek Oral Care Inc. | Night time dental protector |
| GB201217245D0 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-11-07 | Airbus Operations Ltd | A cure tool |
| US20160158977A1 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-09 | Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. | Shape memory polymer (smp) flow media for resin infusion |
| CN105599316A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Detachable winding mandrel |
| CN106985418B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-12-13 | 上纬新材料科技股份有限公司 | flow guide pipe for forming composite material by vacuum infusion process |
| DE102019114710A1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-03 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2460820A (en) * | 1944-03-18 | 1949-02-08 | Hagopian Vahan | Method of making containers |
| US2794233A (en) * | 1954-03-24 | 1957-06-04 | Alden D Morton | Method of and apparatus for molding cavities in settable molding material |
| US2852807A (en) * | 1954-05-11 | 1958-09-23 | Robert L Altschuler | Machine for making building panels |
| NL109348C (en) * | 1958-11-21 | |||
| GB1024582A (en) * | 1961-07-05 | 1966-03-30 | Rodgers William | A method of manufacturing a synthetic resin moulding reinforced with fibrous material |
| US3525799A (en) * | 1968-05-17 | 1970-08-25 | Raychem Corp | Heat recoverable connector |
| US4035007A (en) * | 1970-07-02 | 1977-07-12 | Raychem Corporation | Heat recoverable metallic coupling |
| DE2162174A1 (en) * | 1971-12-15 | 1973-06-28 | Willy Muehlau | Laminated panels - with surface layers of plastic made by moulding additional flow channels in core |
| US3758916A (en) * | 1972-12-06 | 1973-09-18 | Raychem Corp | Heat recoverable article and process |
| US3832745A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1974-09-03 | J Dorfman | Disposable inner mould for boats and method of manufacture |
| GB1529351A (en) * | 1975-01-10 | 1978-10-18 | Raychem Sa Nv | Heatrecoverable articles |
| US4124678A (en) * | 1975-04-11 | 1978-11-07 | Sipler Plastics, Inc. | Method of making tortuous tubular articles |
| US4116841A (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1978-09-26 | American Hospital Supply Corporation | Semipermeable membrane mass transfer apparatus having collapsed membrane about support members |
| US4165287A (en) * | 1977-04-04 | 1979-08-21 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Potting pleated membrane |
| US4148597A (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-04-10 | Northrop Corporation | Apparatus and method for pressure molding composite structural parts |
| US4238437A (en) * | 1978-08-02 | 1980-12-09 | Rolston John A | Method for producing fiber reinforced product |
| US4239625A (en) * | 1979-04-25 | 1980-12-16 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Potting pleated membrane |
| IL64508A0 (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-03-31 | Raychem Pontoise Sa | Wire stripping arrangement |
| GB8421357D0 (en) * | 1984-08-22 | 1984-09-26 | Raychem Gmbh | Means for sealing |
| US4675061A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-06-23 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Method for forming corrugated materials using memory metal cores |
| US4873044A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-10-10 | Shell Oil Company | Method and apparatus for reduction of mold cycle time |
| DE3821941A1 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-02-08 | Weigel Angela | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS FROM CURABLE MATERIAL |
-
1988
- 1988-05-23 US US07/197,738 patent/US4880583A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-05-10 CA CA000599268A patent/CA1323165C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-18 KR KR1019890006649A patent/KR970011569B1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-05-19 EP EP89201294A patent/EP0343736B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-19 JP JP1124622A patent/JPH0220310A/en active Pending
- 1989-05-19 ES ES89201294T patent/ES2050781T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-19 DE DE68913348T patent/DE68913348T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR970011569B1 (en) | 1997-07-12 |
| EP0343736B1 (en) | 1994-03-02 |
| ES2050781T3 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| EP0343736A3 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
| US4880583A (en) | 1989-11-14 |
| JPH0220310A (en) | 1990-01-23 |
| DE68913348T2 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| KR900017748A (en) | 1990-12-19 |
| EP0343736A2 (en) | 1989-11-29 |
| DE68913348D1 (en) | 1994-04-07 |
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