CA1322274C - Safety razors - Google Patents
Safety razorsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1322274C CA1322274C CA000578589A CA578589A CA1322274C CA 1322274 C CA1322274 C CA 1322274C CA 000578589 A CA000578589 A CA 000578589A CA 578589 A CA578589 A CA 578589A CA 1322274 C CA1322274 C CA 1322274C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- magazine
- unit
- blade
- support plate
- outermost
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
- B26B21/08—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving changeable blades
- B26B21/14—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle
- B26B21/24—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle of the magazine type; of the injector type
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Magazines said magazine razors are disclosed utilizing three-dimensional blade units. The blades are incorporated in individual blade units each comprising at least one but preferably two blades, in tandem parallel relations carried by a support plate, a plurality of these units being housed as a stack within a magazine of generally rectangular cross-section and open at one end where the magazine provides a guard and a cap. The units are stacked in the magazine with their base plates extending transversely thereof, the outermost unit being positioned at the mouth of the magazine with its blade or blades positioned between the guard and cap, and its support plate co-operating with the walls of the magazine to seal against the ingress of debris and moisture.
Magazines said magazine razors are disclosed utilizing three-dimensional blade units. The blades are incorporated in individual blade units each comprising at least one but preferably two blades, in tandem parallel relations carried by a support plate, a plurality of these units being housed as a stack within a magazine of generally rectangular cross-section and open at one end where the magazine provides a guard and a cap. The units are stacked in the magazine with their base plates extending transversely thereof, the outermost unit being positioned at the mouth of the magazine with its blade or blades positioned between the guard and cap, and its support plate co-operating with the walls of the magazine to seal against the ingress of debris and moisture.
Description
~222~
Safety Razor~ .
This invention rslates to safety razors incorpo-rating blade magazines and to the bl~de magazines themselves, which may be permanently associated with the :~
razor handle or exchanqeable.
Ther~ have been various proposals over many years for the provision of magazine razors for using wafer bladesS although we are not aware of any of these propos-als having been put ~nto production.
The present invention is, in any event, concerned with mayazines and magazine razors utilizing three-dimensional blade unit~, which present quite different problems in relation to e~fective storage and loading of the units and of sealing ag~inst the ingress of moisture into the magazine. .:
In a presently preferred form of the invention, the blades are incorporated in individual blade unit~ each comprising at least one but preferably two blades, in tandem parallel rel~tion, carried ~, a support plate, a plurality of these units being housed as a stack within a magazine of generally rectanqular cross-section and open at one end where the magazine pro~ides a guard and a cap, The units are stacked in the magazine with their base plates extending transversely therPof, the outermost unit being positioned at the mouth of the magazine with its blade or blades positioned between the guard and cap, and ,...
''~
, .' , ~
, ..
~L322~7~
its support plate co operating with the walls of the magazine to seal against the ingress of debris and moisture.
Means are incorporated in the magazine and or the handle to enable the outermost unit to be ejected from the magazine and to be replaced by the next unit in the stack.
Further features of the invention will appear from the following description of the presently preferred form thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figs 1, 2 and 3 are diagrammatic cross-sections showing successive stages in use o~ the razor; and Figs 4 and 5 are perspective views, partially broken away, o~ the magazine.
Figs 1 to 3 illustrate the upper portion of the razor, which has a grip or handle 1 and a head 2 to which a mayazine 3 is permanently secured. The magazine is o~
generally rectangular cross-section and i5 open only at its outer end, i.e. the left-hand end as drawn. At its open end, or mouth, the magazine is formed with a cap 4 and a guard 6. The magazine houses a stack of individual blade units 7, each comprising a generally rectangular support plate 8 carrying a tandem pair of blades 9, the outermost pair of which are positioned between the cap and guard in an operative position of use.
I'he tandem blade pair is preferably of the form described and illustrated in the specification of commonly owned co-pending Canadian patent application 565,396 filed April 28, 1988.
The support plates 8 all extend parallel with each other and transversely of the magazine. As will be explained in more detail below, each unit is precisely positioned in turn at the operative position, in which its support plate seals the interior of the magazine against ~5 the ingress of moisture and shaviny debris to protect the remaining units in the stack.
j j ~
~322~7~
~ he ~nner end of the magazine houses a plunger 11 bearing agalnst the underside of the innermost unit, and a manually operated slide 12 whose forward end has a resil-ient ratchet finger 13 for engaging the plunger, and at S its rear end it has a resilient latch 14 normally engaging against a fixed rear face of the magazine, to prev~nt inadvertent displacement of the stack~ The plunger is formed with a seri~s of ratchet teeth 16 engagea~le in turn by the finger 13 and it also has its own ratchet finger 17 engageable with a set of ratchet teeth 18 formed on a fixed part of the magazine. A coil c~mpression spring 1~ urges the slide to ~ts rearmost position~ as illustrated in Figs 1 and 3.
Starting from the position shown in Fig 1, in which the magazine contains a ~ull set lin this case five) of blade units, the outermost unit is employed until its edges are dulled.
It is replaced by the user pressing the slide latch 14 downwardly, to release it, and forwardly to advance the slide and plunger to the position shown in Fig 2, in whi~h the first unit has been ejected and the second unit located in the operative position. In the course of this movement, the plunger finger 17 picks up the next (fixed) ratchet tooth t8, and the spring 19 is com-~5 pressed.
Vpon release of the slide, the spring recovers toreturn the slide outwardly to its starting position, the slide finger 13 clicks into place to engage the next . ratchet tooth 16, in readiness for the next cycle of.
operation, and the latch 14 snaps back into engagement with the rear face of the magazine~ This condition is illustrated in Fig 3.
The cycle is repeatable until only the last unit remains, and when that has served its useful life, the whole razor is discarded, or if the magazine is exchange-abl~, it is discarded and replaced.
.. ~ - .
1~2~7~
Detailed con~tructional features of the magazine and blade units are illustrated in Figs 4 and 5, in which ~ig 4 shows the outermost unit in operative position, and Fig 5 shows that unit partially ejected~
In these Figur~s, the blades g are illustrated only in ph~ntom line, in the interes-ts of clarity. The blades 9 of each unit are supported at each end hy metallic spring clips 21 of the form described.and illustrated in the specification of co-pending Canadian application 565,396, which retain the blades in spaced parallel relation but permit independent resilient deflection thereof under forces encountered during shaving. Each pair of blades and clips is mounted on a support plate 8 of moulded plasticg construction and of generally rectangular form, filling the cross-section of the interior of the magazine 3 near its mouth. Adjacent each end, the plake 8 has integrally moulded upstanding projections forming resilient detents 81 and location edges 82. At each end, the plate 8 has a longitudinal extension 83 and an upstanding generally Z-shaped projection constituting a resilient non-return latch 84 and providi.ng at its inner edge a location ~ace 86q The adjacent clip 21 is frictionally jammed between the ~ace 86 and the location edges 82.
~he magazine 3 has, as pre~i~usly stated, a cap 4 and a guard 6. In its rear wall, beneath the cap 4, it is formed with soap-slots 31 for the clearance of water and shaving debris. I'hese slots also form fixed locations for co-operation wi.th the adjacent blade unit detents 81.
At the front wall of the magazine, the adjacent de-tents 81 engage in slots formed in upstanding lugs 34.
These lugs also serve to return the guard member 6, which is formed as a separate moulding having its own longitudi~
nally extending cantilever springs (not shown) bearing on the maga~ine body. The guard i5 held captive to the body by ve~kical guldes (not shown) which con~kr~in lt to mov~
vertically, i.e. perpendicular to the plane of the 3%%27'~
-- 5 ~
support plate ~ ~he integral ~prings urge the guard 6 upwardly, away from the mouth of the magazine, but lt can move downwardly, against the restoring forces exerted by the cantilever sprin~s, under the forces encountered duri~g shaving to increase conformance of the ra-~or to skin c~ntours~
Small projections on the guard engage in the slots in lugs 34 to limit movement of the guard relative to the magazine.
The ~horter end walls of the magazine are shaped to match the profile of the suppor~ plates a and at their upper ends have narrow notches 32 to r~ceive and engage the latches 84 of the upperm~st unit of the stack.
As seen in Fig 1, the uppermost blade unit, in its operative position, is held firmly in its desired position relative to the cap and guard by the engagement of the detents 81 in the soap-slots 31 and slotted lugs 34.
It will be understood that in use of the razor there are no forces acting on the unit which tend to eject it or partially eject it.
Forces encountered during shaving act essentially inwardly of the unit and these forces are reacted posi-tively by engagement of the latches 84 in notches 3~.
When the stack of un1ts is pressed outwardly by operation of the slide and plunger, as previously de-scribed, the detents 81 are resiliently cammed inwardly to clear the soap slots 31 and lugs 34 as the unit is dis-placed upwardly a Fig 5 shows the unit partially ejected, with the next unit progressing towards the operative posi~ion. In this region, the adjacent end wall of the magaziile has a thickened cam portion 33, which cams the latch 84 inwardly. When the latch reaches the notch 32 it snaps back into it normal position to lock the unit against return movement. The latches are only required to deflect inwardly as ~hey pass over ~he thickened cam - ~32227l~ !
port~ons 33 in order to avoid strain and additional frict~on while the units are beneath that region of the magazine.
As seen in Figs 4 and 5, the side faces of each 5 support plate 8 are slightly chamfered downwardly and outwardly so as to have essentially line contact, all along the profile of the plate, with the interior wall surfaces of the magazine in the re~ion of its mouth. The chamfering results in the lower edges 87 being slightly resilient so as to conform more readily with the magazine walls to assist in forming a moisture-tight seal.
The above described arrangement facilitates the provision of a very ~ompact magaxine, utili~ing twin bladed units, with due regard to the effective storage positioning for use and successive replacement of the units i~ the magazine, as well as protection of the blade edges against mechanical damage and of the units against the ingress of moisture and shaving debris.
These advantages and features flow in part from the provision on the magazine, of the cap, guard and soap slots, and on the unit of the support plates which form supports ~or the blades, and also close off the magazine, below the soap slots~ to seal it against the ingress of moisture and shaving debris.
Fu~thermore, the simple rectilinear motion required to e~ect units and move fresh units into opera-tive position permits the associated mechanism to bP
constructed in a simple manner, but with a high degree of reliability.
.
Safety Razor~ .
This invention rslates to safety razors incorpo-rating blade magazines and to the bl~de magazines themselves, which may be permanently associated with the :~
razor handle or exchanqeable.
Ther~ have been various proposals over many years for the provision of magazine razors for using wafer bladesS although we are not aware of any of these propos-als having been put ~nto production.
The present invention is, in any event, concerned with mayazines and magazine razors utilizing three-dimensional blade unit~, which present quite different problems in relation to e~fective storage and loading of the units and of sealing ag~inst the ingress of moisture into the magazine. .:
In a presently preferred form of the invention, the blades are incorporated in individual blade unit~ each comprising at least one but preferably two blades, in tandem parallel rel~tion, carried ~, a support plate, a plurality of these units being housed as a stack within a magazine of generally rectanqular cross-section and open at one end where the magazine pro~ides a guard and a cap, The units are stacked in the magazine with their base plates extending transversely therPof, the outermost unit being positioned at the mouth of the magazine with its blade or blades positioned between the guard and cap, and ,...
''~
, .' , ~
, ..
~L322~7~
its support plate co operating with the walls of the magazine to seal against the ingress of debris and moisture.
Means are incorporated in the magazine and or the handle to enable the outermost unit to be ejected from the magazine and to be replaced by the next unit in the stack.
Further features of the invention will appear from the following description of the presently preferred form thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figs 1, 2 and 3 are diagrammatic cross-sections showing successive stages in use o~ the razor; and Figs 4 and 5 are perspective views, partially broken away, o~ the magazine.
Figs 1 to 3 illustrate the upper portion of the razor, which has a grip or handle 1 and a head 2 to which a mayazine 3 is permanently secured. The magazine is o~
generally rectangular cross-section and i5 open only at its outer end, i.e. the left-hand end as drawn. At its open end, or mouth, the magazine is formed with a cap 4 and a guard 6. The magazine houses a stack of individual blade units 7, each comprising a generally rectangular support plate 8 carrying a tandem pair of blades 9, the outermost pair of which are positioned between the cap and guard in an operative position of use.
I'he tandem blade pair is preferably of the form described and illustrated in the specification of commonly owned co-pending Canadian patent application 565,396 filed April 28, 1988.
The support plates 8 all extend parallel with each other and transversely of the magazine. As will be explained in more detail below, each unit is precisely positioned in turn at the operative position, in which its support plate seals the interior of the magazine against ~5 the ingress of moisture and shaviny debris to protect the remaining units in the stack.
j j ~
~322~7~
~ he ~nner end of the magazine houses a plunger 11 bearing agalnst the underside of the innermost unit, and a manually operated slide 12 whose forward end has a resil-ient ratchet finger 13 for engaging the plunger, and at S its rear end it has a resilient latch 14 normally engaging against a fixed rear face of the magazine, to prev~nt inadvertent displacement of the stack~ The plunger is formed with a seri~s of ratchet teeth 16 engagea~le in turn by the finger 13 and it also has its own ratchet finger 17 engageable with a set of ratchet teeth 18 formed on a fixed part of the magazine. A coil c~mpression spring 1~ urges the slide to ~ts rearmost position~ as illustrated in Figs 1 and 3.
Starting from the position shown in Fig 1, in which the magazine contains a ~ull set lin this case five) of blade units, the outermost unit is employed until its edges are dulled.
It is replaced by the user pressing the slide latch 14 downwardly, to release it, and forwardly to advance the slide and plunger to the position shown in Fig 2, in whi~h the first unit has been ejected and the second unit located in the operative position. In the course of this movement, the plunger finger 17 picks up the next (fixed) ratchet tooth t8, and the spring 19 is com-~5 pressed.
Vpon release of the slide, the spring recovers toreturn the slide outwardly to its starting position, the slide finger 13 clicks into place to engage the next . ratchet tooth 16, in readiness for the next cycle of.
operation, and the latch 14 snaps back into engagement with the rear face of the magazine~ This condition is illustrated in Fig 3.
The cycle is repeatable until only the last unit remains, and when that has served its useful life, the whole razor is discarded, or if the magazine is exchange-abl~, it is discarded and replaced.
.. ~ - .
1~2~7~
Detailed con~tructional features of the magazine and blade units are illustrated in Figs 4 and 5, in which ~ig 4 shows the outermost unit in operative position, and Fig 5 shows that unit partially ejected~
In these Figur~s, the blades g are illustrated only in ph~ntom line, in the interes-ts of clarity. The blades 9 of each unit are supported at each end hy metallic spring clips 21 of the form described.and illustrated in the specification of co-pending Canadian application 565,396, which retain the blades in spaced parallel relation but permit independent resilient deflection thereof under forces encountered during shaving. Each pair of blades and clips is mounted on a support plate 8 of moulded plasticg construction and of generally rectangular form, filling the cross-section of the interior of the magazine 3 near its mouth. Adjacent each end, the plake 8 has integrally moulded upstanding projections forming resilient detents 81 and location edges 82. At each end, the plate 8 has a longitudinal extension 83 and an upstanding generally Z-shaped projection constituting a resilient non-return latch 84 and providi.ng at its inner edge a location ~ace 86q The adjacent clip 21 is frictionally jammed between the ~ace 86 and the location edges 82.
~he magazine 3 has, as pre~i~usly stated, a cap 4 and a guard 6. In its rear wall, beneath the cap 4, it is formed with soap-slots 31 for the clearance of water and shaving debris. I'hese slots also form fixed locations for co-operation wi.th the adjacent blade unit detents 81.
At the front wall of the magazine, the adjacent de-tents 81 engage in slots formed in upstanding lugs 34.
These lugs also serve to return the guard member 6, which is formed as a separate moulding having its own longitudi~
nally extending cantilever springs (not shown) bearing on the maga~ine body. The guard i5 held captive to the body by ve~kical guldes (not shown) which con~kr~in lt to mov~
vertically, i.e. perpendicular to the plane of the 3%%27'~
-- 5 ~
support plate ~ ~he integral ~prings urge the guard 6 upwardly, away from the mouth of the magazine, but lt can move downwardly, against the restoring forces exerted by the cantilever sprin~s, under the forces encountered duri~g shaving to increase conformance of the ra-~or to skin c~ntours~
Small projections on the guard engage in the slots in lugs 34 to limit movement of the guard relative to the magazine.
The ~horter end walls of the magazine are shaped to match the profile of the suppor~ plates a and at their upper ends have narrow notches 32 to r~ceive and engage the latches 84 of the upperm~st unit of the stack.
As seen in Fig 1, the uppermost blade unit, in its operative position, is held firmly in its desired position relative to the cap and guard by the engagement of the detents 81 in the soap-slots 31 and slotted lugs 34.
It will be understood that in use of the razor there are no forces acting on the unit which tend to eject it or partially eject it.
Forces encountered during shaving act essentially inwardly of the unit and these forces are reacted posi-tively by engagement of the latches 84 in notches 3~.
When the stack of un1ts is pressed outwardly by operation of the slide and plunger, as previously de-scribed, the detents 81 are resiliently cammed inwardly to clear the soap slots 31 and lugs 34 as the unit is dis-placed upwardly a Fig 5 shows the unit partially ejected, with the next unit progressing towards the operative posi~ion. In this region, the adjacent end wall of the magaziile has a thickened cam portion 33, which cams the latch 84 inwardly. When the latch reaches the notch 32 it snaps back into it normal position to lock the unit against return movement. The latches are only required to deflect inwardly as ~hey pass over ~he thickened cam - ~32227l~ !
port~ons 33 in order to avoid strain and additional frict~on while the units are beneath that region of the magazine.
As seen in Figs 4 and 5, the side faces of each 5 support plate 8 are slightly chamfered downwardly and outwardly so as to have essentially line contact, all along the profile of the plate, with the interior wall surfaces of the magazine in the re~ion of its mouth. The chamfering results in the lower edges 87 being slightly resilient so as to conform more readily with the magazine walls to assist in forming a moisture-tight seal.
The above described arrangement facilitates the provision of a very ~ompact magaxine, utili~ing twin bladed units, with due regard to the effective storage positioning for use and successive replacement of the units i~ the magazine, as well as protection of the blade edges against mechanical damage and of the units against the ingress of moisture and shaving debris.
These advantages and features flow in part from the provision on the magazine, of the cap, guard and soap slots, and on the unit of the support plates which form supports ~or the blades, and also close off the magazine, below the soap slots~ to seal it against the ingress of moisture and shaving debris.
Fu~thermore, the simple rectilinear motion required to e~ect units and move fresh units into opera-tive position permits the associated mechanism to bP
constructed in a simple manner, but with a high degree of reliability.
.
Claims (15)
1. A blade unit magazine for a magazine type safety razor, the magazine being of generally rectangular cross-section and open at one end, at which the magazine is provided with a cap and a guard, and a plurality of razor blade units housed as a stack within the magazine, each unit comprising at least one razor blade secured by mounting means above an imperforate support plate, the outermost unit of the stack being located at the open end of the magazine, with its blade or blades positioned between the cap and guard and with its support plate cooperating with the walls of the magazine to seal against the ingress of debris and moisture, feeding means being provided in the magazine and/or in the razor to enable the outermost unit in the stack to be ejected from the magazine and to be replaced by the next unit in the stack.
2. A blade unit magazine according to claim 1 wherein the said feeding means comprises a manually operable plunger engageable with the innermost unit of the stack, the said units bearing directly against each other for transmitting forces from the plunger through the stack.
3. A blade unit magazine according to claim 2 wherein the plunger is advanced stepwise through a first ratchet arrangement and a second ratchet arrangement prevents reverse movement of the plunger after each advance.
4. A blade unit magazine according to claim 1 wherein each said support plate is provided with resilient detent means which co-operates with portions of the magazine when the plate reaches the outermost position to retain the unit firmly in that position, the detent means being disengaged by a subsequent operative movement of the plunger.
5. A blade unit magazine according to claim 4, wherein the detent means on each unit include latches including outwardly directed projections which snap into co-operating recesses in the adjacent walls of the magazine to lock the outermost unit against return movement inwardly of the magazine.
6. A blade magazine according to claim 4 wherein the edges of each plate and the detent means are spaced from the walls of the magazine until the unit arrives at the outermost position.
7. A blade unit magazine according to claim 1 wherein the peripheral edges of each support plate are chamfered, so as to be resiliently deformable and to have substantially live contact with the walls of the magazine when each unit is in the outermost position.
8. A blade unit magazine according to claim 1 wherein the said guard is mounted for limited movement, relative to the support plate of the outermost unit, against the action of a resilient restoring force in directions perpendicular to the plane of the said support plate.
9. A blade unit magazine according to claim 1 wherein each unit comprises a blade or a tandem pair of blades and the said mounting means incorporate resilient means which permit limited movement of the blade or blades towards and away from the support plate under the action of forces encountered during shaving.
10. A blade unit magazine according to claim 3 wherein each said support plate is provided with resilient detent means which co operate with portions of the magazine when the plate reaches the outermost position to retain the unit firmly in that position, the detent means being displayed by a subsequent operative movement of the plunger.
11. A blade unit magazine according to claim 10 wherein the detent means on each unit include latches including outwardly directed projections which snap into co-operating recesses in the adjacent walls of the magazine to lock the outermost unit against return movement inwardly of the magazine.
12. A blade unit magazine according to claim 11 wherein the edges of each plate and the detent means are spaced from the walls of the magazine until the unit arrives at the outermost position.
13. A blade unit magazine according to claim 12 wherein the peripheral edges of each support plate are chamfered, so as to be resiliently deformable and to have substantially live contact with the walls of the magazine when each unit is in the outermost position.
14. A blade unit magazine according to claim 13 wherein the said guard is mounted for limited movements relative to the support plate of the outermost unit, against the action of a resilient restoring force in directions perpendicular to the plane of the said support plate.
15. A blade unit magazine according to claim 14 wherein each unit comprises a blade or a tandem pair of blades and the said mounting means incorporate resilient means which permit limited movement of the blade or blades towards and away from the support plate under the action of forces encountered during shaving.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB878723656A GB8723656D0 (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1987-10-08 | Safety razors |
| GB8723656 | 1987-10-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1322274C true CA1322274C (en) | 1993-09-21 |
Family
ID=10624996
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000578589A Expired - Fee Related CA1322274C (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1988-09-27 | Safety razors |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0311429B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1322274C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3878127T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2037235T3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8723656D0 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2857667A (en) * | 1957-09-26 | 1958-10-28 | Baun John E De | Magazine type safety razor |
| US3587170A (en) * | 1968-12-19 | 1971-06-28 | Glenn T Randol | Safety razor with disposable blade magazine |
| GB2114491A (en) * | 1982-02-15 | 1983-08-24 | Gillette Co | Safety razors |
| GB2166380B (en) * | 1984-10-23 | 1988-02-24 | Tony Ruiz | Razors |
-
1987
- 1987-10-08 GB GB878723656A patent/GB8723656D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-09-27 CA CA000578589A patent/CA1322274C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-07 ES ES88309383T patent/ES2037235T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-07 DE DE19883878127 patent/DE3878127T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-07 EP EP19880309383 patent/EP0311429B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3878127T2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
| GB8723656D0 (en) | 1987-11-11 |
| ES2037235T3 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| EP0311429A1 (en) | 1989-04-12 |
| DE3878127D1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
| EP0311429B1 (en) | 1993-02-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |