CA1322217C - Fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete - Google Patents
Fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concreteInfo
- Publication number
- CA1322217C CA1322217C CA 590061 CA590061A CA1322217C CA 1322217 C CA1322217 C CA 1322217C CA 590061 CA590061 CA 590061 CA 590061 A CA590061 A CA 590061A CA 1322217 C CA1322217 C CA 1322217C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lattice body
- heater element
- wall portions
- lattice
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/286—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an organic material, e.g. plastic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/16—Reinforcements
- E01C11/18—Reinforcements for cement concrete pavings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
- E01C11/26—Permanently installed heating or blowing devices ; Mounting thereof
- E01C11/265—Embedded electrical heating elements ; Mounting thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A fiber reinforced plastic lattice body formed by arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnating with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice form.
During or after the resin being cured, a heater element capable of generating heat by electric conduction is embedded in or attached onto the lattice body to form a one-piece body. The lattice body is used for concrete reinforcing material.
A fiber reinforced plastic lattice body formed by arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnating with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice form.
During or after the resin being cured, a heater element capable of generating heat by electric conduction is embedded in or attached onto the lattice body to form a one-piece body. The lattice body is used for concrete reinforcing material.
Description
FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC LATTICE BODY FOR REINFORCI~G
CONCRETE
The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete. More particularly~ it relates to such a lattice body which is a one-piece body of a heater element and a fiber rein~orced synthetic resin.
There has been known a method of melting snow on a roadway or preventing it from free2ing wherein a heat generating cable coated with an insulating material is embedded in the roadway or a pavement at predetermined intervals, and an electric current is supplied to the cable so that heat is transmitted to the surface of the roadway or the pavement. However, the conventional method has many ; disadvantages as follows.
(a) The electric heating cable has to be embedded 5 cm-/10 cm deep in consideration of loads on the road surface and the strength of the road. Accordingly, the thermal efficiency is poor and the consumption of power ,~
is large re J ~ tS
(b) A jointing surface~ ie~trd betwePn the upper and lower layers in the road with respect to the electric heating cable. The jointing surace reduces the ~trength of the roadway and much labor is needed for embedding the cable.
(c) The wire arrangement of the electric heating cable sometimes becomes disordexed or a wire is broken during embedding work. Especially, the weight of a roller moves aggregate in the road by which the electri~
heating cable may be broken.
(d) When a metallic net for welding is needed for reinforcing, much labor is required.
It is therefore an object o~ the present invention to provide a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete, a method o~ preparing the lattice body, a method of reinforcing concrete, and a method of ~-heating concrete in order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages.
In accordance with the present invention~ there is provided a concrete reinforcing material of a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generating heat.
In another a~pect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body cabaple of generating heat, used for a concrete reinforci~g material which comprises preparing "' , ~
: '-.. ~ . .
~, ' ;
.
an uncured fiber reinforced plastic lat~ice body by ~repeating plural times operations of arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice from so that the 5 continuous reinforcing fibers orientated in different directions are put one on another at each intersecting portions of the lattice body, arranging a linear heater element in or on at least a wall of the lattice body during the preparation of the uncured lattice body or ater the preparation of the uncured lattice body, and ;curing the thermosetting resin in the uncured lattice body.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of reinforcing concrete by a fiber :15 reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generting heat.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided concrete reinforced by embedding a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generating heat.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of heating concrete which comprises `~heating a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body in concrete reinforced by embedding said fiber reinforced ;25 plastic lattice body which is capable of generating heat.
In accordance with the present invention, the fiber reinforced plastic (~RP) lattice body having both ' '''~
, -.''' ~ ~
~ .
, ~ 4 ~ l 32 2 2 1 7 reinforcing and heating functions is formed by embedd~ng the heater element in or attaching it on the FRP lattice body. The FRP referred to in this specification includes any kind of fiber reinforced plastic material. Glass fibers are usually used ~or the reinforcing fibers.
~owever, carbon fibers or alamidé fibers and so on may be used solely or in combination.
As a material for a matrix, thermosettin~ unsaturated polyestex resin or vinyl ester re~in i~ widely used.
owever, another resin such as phenol resin, epoxy resin or a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, polyolefin and so on may be used. As the FRP lattice body, a \ lattice disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-295751 filed by the same applicant wherein the vertical members ~nd the lateral members of the lattice body are crossed in the same plane, is preferably used.
The continuous reinforcing fibers may be supplied by manual operations or by means of mechanical means such as filament-windingO The reinforcing ~ibers may be formed in a chopped mat or cloth which is cut to have the width corresponding to that o~ the lattice body or any combination.
Although the lattice body having the intersecting portions formed on the same plane is preferably used, another type of the FRP lattice body manufactured by another method may be used. For instance, an FRP lattice body formed by stamping operations may be used.
.
,~.. ~.. .
.... .
.,' `
:~
- 5 ~ 1 3222 1 7 As the heater element:, a linear element which l~
generates heat by supplying an el ctric current, such as a nichrome wire which has been generally used, a carbon fiber, which may be coated with heat-resistance silicone rubber is preferably used. The heat element may be in a form of a tape or another shape. The heater element can be embedded in or attached onto the ~RP lattice body~
whereby they are formed in one piece. The heater element may be embedded in an uncured lattice body during the preparatio~ of the FRP lattice body SQ that lt is firmly secured in the cured resin together with reinforcing fiber~. The carbon fibers providés both functions of the heater element and a reinforcing material. The heater element may be attached onto the lattice body by winding it around the lattice body or by bonding it on the surface of the lattice body with a heat resistance bonding agent. When a heater element made of a corrosive ~ material such as a nichromeT/~ire is used, the heater ; element is previously covered by a heat resistance material such as silicone rubber or i5 bonded to the surface of the lattice body with use of a heat resistance bonding agent.
The arrangement of the heat element in or on the lattice body is not limited ~o long as functions such as melting snow, preventing freezing, demisting or floor-warming can be effectively obtained. Thus, the heating element may be arranged in or on the entire portion of . ~
, ,~
''-i, - 6 - 13222i7 the lattice body; may be arranged only on the virtical walls or lateral walls of the lattice body; and may be arranged only at the central portion or the peripheral portion of the lattice body. Or, a plurality of linear heater elements may be arrang~d in a side-by-side relation.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a plane view o~ an embodiment of the FRP
lattice body according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cro~s-sectional view taken along a line A-A in Figure 1 showing a state that a heater element is embedded in the lattice body: `
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 showing a state that a heater element is attached to a ~urface of the lattice body;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 ~howing a state that a heater 2 is embedded at a side portion of the lattice body;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 showing a state that heater elements are embedded at two corner portions of the lattice body; and Figure 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the heating elements in FRP lattice bodies are connected to a power source.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will -: be described with reference to the drawings.
,, .
Figure 1 is a plan~ view of an embodiment of the FRP
~' ,, ' lattice body with a heater element. The FRP lattice body comprises a gxid consisting of vertical and lateral wall portions providing rectangular lattice sections formed by the intersects of the vertical and lateral wall portions. The shape, dimensions, and the spaces between the wall portions of the lattice body can be changed according to the intended use.
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the heater element 2 is embedded in the lattice body without coating any insulating material on the heater element because the lattice bodv itself constitutes an electric insulating material.
Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The heater element is attached to the upper surface of the wall portionl having a rectangular shape in cross section, of the lattice body with an bonding agent.
Figure ~ is another embodiment of the present invention.
The heater element 2 i5 embedded with use of a bonding agent 3 in a groove formed in the upper surface of the wall portion of the lattice body 1.
- Figure 5 is another embodiment of the present invention.
; Two heater elements are respectively embedded with use of a bonding agent 3 in grooves formed at two corner portions of the wall portion of lattice body 1.
Figur 6 shows an embodiment of a wiring network .
;:~ .. ~.
obtained by connecting the heater elements in the lattice bodies so as to connect connecting cables 4 each one end of which is connected to the heat elements 2 and the other end connected to a power source through wire~ 6.
The lattice body of the present invention can be preferably used for the following portions or at the - following locations. `!
1. An uphill road, a curved road and a shadowy road 2. A pavement, a tunnel, an underpass and entrance ;
10and e~it portions of a building or a house 3. A bridge and a walkers bridge 4. A wall in a basement room of concrete 5. A place difficult to remove snow by a machine Thus, the lattice body of the present invention is ~ 15 useful for melting snow, preventing freezing and - demisting. Further, the lattice body of the present invention can be used for an iron reinforcing material ; for a floor of concrete or may be used as a part of a ; floor warming equipment.
20The lattice body of the present invention provides the ~ollowing advantages.
1. Since the heater element is integrally formed with the lattice body by way of, for ins~ance, embedding, it ;`. i5 a small possibility to the breaking of the heater ~ 5 element. Accordingly, the lattice body can be installed `~ near the surface of a road, so that the thermal ~ efficiency of the heater element can be greatly improved.
.: .
. .
'$ ~
. .
~ 9 ~ 1 32221 7 2. Since the resinous material used for the present invention has good resistance to corrosion in comparison with metal, the thickness of concrete portion may be reduced. Further, the intersecting portions of the lattice body are in the same planP of the lattice body unlike the conventional technique in which iron reinforcing rods are used, the covering depth of a road can be reduced to thereby improve thermal efficiency.
3. Since the lattice body can be directly put in concrete, concrete and asfalt can be easily unified to thereby reduce labor time.
4. Since the heater element is directly embedded in the lattice body, there is no risk of a trouble of the breaking of the wire during paving work.
5~ A metallic net for welding which has been conventionally required to increase a reinforcing force is no longer neces~ary. With use oE -the lattice body o the present invention, the heater element and the reinforcing material can be simultaneously set, wherPby labor work can be reduced.
'
CONCRETE
The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete. More particularly~ it relates to such a lattice body which is a one-piece body of a heater element and a fiber rein~orced synthetic resin.
There has been known a method of melting snow on a roadway or preventing it from free2ing wherein a heat generating cable coated with an insulating material is embedded in the roadway or a pavement at predetermined intervals, and an electric current is supplied to the cable so that heat is transmitted to the surface of the roadway or the pavement. However, the conventional method has many ; disadvantages as follows.
(a) The electric heating cable has to be embedded 5 cm-/10 cm deep in consideration of loads on the road surface and the strength of the road. Accordingly, the thermal efficiency is poor and the consumption of power ,~
is large re J ~ tS
(b) A jointing surface~ ie~trd betwePn the upper and lower layers in the road with respect to the electric heating cable. The jointing surace reduces the ~trength of the roadway and much labor is needed for embedding the cable.
(c) The wire arrangement of the electric heating cable sometimes becomes disordexed or a wire is broken during embedding work. Especially, the weight of a roller moves aggregate in the road by which the electri~
heating cable may be broken.
(d) When a metallic net for welding is needed for reinforcing, much labor is required.
It is therefore an object o~ the present invention to provide a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete, a method o~ preparing the lattice body, a method of reinforcing concrete, and a method of ~-heating concrete in order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages.
In accordance with the present invention~ there is provided a concrete reinforcing material of a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generating heat.
In another a~pect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body cabaple of generating heat, used for a concrete reinforci~g material which comprises preparing "' , ~
: '-.. ~ . .
~, ' ;
.
an uncured fiber reinforced plastic lat~ice body by ~repeating plural times operations of arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice from so that the 5 continuous reinforcing fibers orientated in different directions are put one on another at each intersecting portions of the lattice body, arranging a linear heater element in or on at least a wall of the lattice body during the preparation of the uncured lattice body or ater the preparation of the uncured lattice body, and ;curing the thermosetting resin in the uncured lattice body.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of reinforcing concrete by a fiber :15 reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generting heat.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided concrete reinforced by embedding a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generating heat.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of heating concrete which comprises `~heating a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body in concrete reinforced by embedding said fiber reinforced ;25 plastic lattice body which is capable of generating heat.
In accordance with the present invention, the fiber reinforced plastic (~RP) lattice body having both ' '''~
, -.''' ~ ~
~ .
, ~ 4 ~ l 32 2 2 1 7 reinforcing and heating functions is formed by embedd~ng the heater element in or attaching it on the FRP lattice body. The FRP referred to in this specification includes any kind of fiber reinforced plastic material. Glass fibers are usually used ~or the reinforcing fibers.
~owever, carbon fibers or alamidé fibers and so on may be used solely or in combination.
As a material for a matrix, thermosettin~ unsaturated polyestex resin or vinyl ester re~in i~ widely used.
owever, another resin such as phenol resin, epoxy resin or a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, polyolefin and so on may be used. As the FRP lattice body, a \ lattice disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 60-295751 filed by the same applicant wherein the vertical members ~nd the lateral members of the lattice body are crossed in the same plane, is preferably used.
The continuous reinforcing fibers may be supplied by manual operations or by means of mechanical means such as filament-windingO The reinforcing ~ibers may be formed in a chopped mat or cloth which is cut to have the width corresponding to that o~ the lattice body or any combination.
Although the lattice body having the intersecting portions formed on the same plane is preferably used, another type of the FRP lattice body manufactured by another method may be used. For instance, an FRP lattice body formed by stamping operations may be used.
.
,~.. ~.. .
.... .
.,' `
:~
- 5 ~ 1 3222 1 7 As the heater element:, a linear element which l~
generates heat by supplying an el ctric current, such as a nichrome wire which has been generally used, a carbon fiber, which may be coated with heat-resistance silicone rubber is preferably used. The heat element may be in a form of a tape or another shape. The heater element can be embedded in or attached onto the ~RP lattice body~
whereby they are formed in one piece. The heater element may be embedded in an uncured lattice body during the preparatio~ of the FRP lattice body SQ that lt is firmly secured in the cured resin together with reinforcing fiber~. The carbon fibers providés both functions of the heater element and a reinforcing material. The heater element may be attached onto the lattice body by winding it around the lattice body or by bonding it on the surface of the lattice body with a heat resistance bonding agent. When a heater element made of a corrosive ~ material such as a nichromeT/~ire is used, the heater ; element is previously covered by a heat resistance material such as silicone rubber or i5 bonded to the surface of the lattice body with use of a heat resistance bonding agent.
The arrangement of the heat element in or on the lattice body is not limited ~o long as functions such as melting snow, preventing freezing, demisting or floor-warming can be effectively obtained. Thus, the heating element may be arranged in or on the entire portion of . ~
, ,~
''-i, - 6 - 13222i7 the lattice body; may be arranged only on the virtical walls or lateral walls of the lattice body; and may be arranged only at the central portion or the peripheral portion of the lattice body. Or, a plurality of linear heater elements may be arrang~d in a side-by-side relation.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a plane view o~ an embodiment of the FRP
lattice body according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cro~s-sectional view taken along a line A-A in Figure 1 showing a state that a heater element is embedded in the lattice body: `
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 showing a state that a heater element is attached to a ~urface of the lattice body;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 ~howing a state that a heater 2 is embedded at a side portion of the lattice body;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 showing a state that heater elements are embedded at two corner portions of the lattice body; and Figure 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the heating elements in FRP lattice bodies are connected to a power source.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will -: be described with reference to the drawings.
,, .
Figure 1 is a plan~ view of an embodiment of the FRP
~' ,, ' lattice body with a heater element. The FRP lattice body comprises a gxid consisting of vertical and lateral wall portions providing rectangular lattice sections formed by the intersects of the vertical and lateral wall portions. The shape, dimensions, and the spaces between the wall portions of the lattice body can be changed according to the intended use.
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along a line A-A in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the heater element 2 is embedded in the lattice body without coating any insulating material on the heater element because the lattice bodv itself constitutes an electric insulating material.
Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The heater element is attached to the upper surface of the wall portionl having a rectangular shape in cross section, of the lattice body with an bonding agent.
Figure ~ is another embodiment of the present invention.
The heater element 2 i5 embedded with use of a bonding agent 3 in a groove formed in the upper surface of the wall portion of the lattice body 1.
- Figure 5 is another embodiment of the present invention.
; Two heater elements are respectively embedded with use of a bonding agent 3 in grooves formed at two corner portions of the wall portion of lattice body 1.
Figur 6 shows an embodiment of a wiring network .
;:~ .. ~.
obtained by connecting the heater elements in the lattice bodies so as to connect connecting cables 4 each one end of which is connected to the heat elements 2 and the other end connected to a power source through wire~ 6.
The lattice body of the present invention can be preferably used for the following portions or at the - following locations. `!
1. An uphill road, a curved road and a shadowy road 2. A pavement, a tunnel, an underpass and entrance ;
10and e~it portions of a building or a house 3. A bridge and a walkers bridge 4. A wall in a basement room of concrete 5. A place difficult to remove snow by a machine Thus, the lattice body of the present invention is ~ 15 useful for melting snow, preventing freezing and - demisting. Further, the lattice body of the present invention can be used for an iron reinforcing material ; for a floor of concrete or may be used as a part of a ; floor warming equipment.
20The lattice body of the present invention provides the ~ollowing advantages.
1. Since the heater element is integrally formed with the lattice body by way of, for ins~ance, embedding, it ;`. i5 a small possibility to the breaking of the heater ~ 5 element. Accordingly, the lattice body can be installed `~ near the surface of a road, so that the thermal ~ efficiency of the heater element can be greatly improved.
.: .
. .
'$ ~
. .
~ 9 ~ 1 32221 7 2. Since the resinous material used for the present invention has good resistance to corrosion in comparison with metal, the thickness of concrete portion may be reduced. Further, the intersecting portions of the lattice body are in the same planP of the lattice body unlike the conventional technique in which iron reinforcing rods are used, the covering depth of a road can be reduced to thereby improve thermal efficiency.
3. Since the lattice body can be directly put in concrete, concrete and asfalt can be easily unified to thereby reduce labor time.
4. Since the heater element is directly embedded in the lattice body, there is no risk of a trouble of the breaking of the wire during paving work.
5~ A metallic net for welding which has been conventionally required to increase a reinforcing force is no longer neces~ary. With use oE -the lattice body o the present invention, the heater element and the reinforcing material can be simultaneously set, wherPby labor work can be reduced.
'
Claims (8)
1. A concrete reinforcing member, comprising: a fiber reinforced plastic body comprising a plurality of first wall portions extending in a first direction parallel to each other, a plurality of second wall portions extending in a second direction parallel to each other, each of said wall portions consisting of continuous reinforcing fibers embedded in a matrix of a synthetic resin, and intersecting zones at the intersections of said first wall portions with said second wall portions formed by the juxtaposition thereof; and a heater element integrally supported by and firmly attached to said wall portions.
2. A concrete reinforcing member as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said heater element is attached to the outside of said wall portions.
3. A concrete reinforcing member as claimed in Claim 2, wherein said heater element is located in a groove on the outside of said wall portions.
4. A concrete reinforcing member as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said heater element is embedded in the interior of said wall portions.
5. A concrete reinforcing member according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein said heater element is a linear electric heater element.
6. A concrete reinforcing member according to Claim 5, wherein said linear electric heater element includes a metallic wire or a carbon fiber capable of generating heat by electric conduction.
7. A method of preparing a fiber reinforced plastic lattice body capable of generating heat for use as a concrete reinforcing material, which comprises:
preparing an uncured fiber reinforced plastic lattice body by repeating several times the operation of arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice so that the continuous reinforcing fibers orientated in different directions are juxtaposed at each intersecting portion of wall portions of said lattice body, arranging a linear heater element in or on at least a part of the walls of said lattice body during the preparation of said uncured lattice body or after the preparation of said uncured lattice body, and curing the thermosetting resin in said uncured lattice body.
preparing an uncured fiber reinforced plastic lattice body by repeating several times the operation of arranging continuous reinforcing fibers impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin in a lattice so that the continuous reinforcing fibers orientated in different directions are juxtaposed at each intersecting portion of wall portions of said lattice body, arranging a linear heater element in or on at least a part of the walls of said lattice body during the preparation of said uncured lattice body or after the preparation of said uncured lattice body, and curing the thermosetting resin in said uncured lattice body.
8. The use of a concrete reinforcing member as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 4 or 6 to heat concrete in which it is embedded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 590061 CA1322217C (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 590061 CA1322217C (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1322217C true CA1322217C (en) | 1993-09-14 |
Family
ID=4139572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 590061 Expired - Lifetime CA1322217C (en) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-02-03 | Fiber reinforced plastic lattice body for reinforcing concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1322217C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108275948A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-13 | 广州大学 | A kind of conduction concrete filled steel tube and preparation method thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-02-03 CA CA 590061 patent/CA1322217C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108275948A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-07-13 | 广州大学 | A kind of conduction concrete filled steel tube and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20100914 |