CA1322061C - Bag used for aerobic fermentation and use thereof - Google Patents
Bag used for aerobic fermentation and use thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1322061C CA1322061C CA 553685 CA553685A CA1322061C CA 1322061 C CA1322061 C CA 1322061C CA 553685 CA553685 CA 553685 CA 553685 A CA553685 A CA 553685A CA 1322061 C CA1322061 C CA 1322061C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- strings
- tie
- attached
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
BAG USED FOR AEROBIC FERMENTATION AND USE THEREOF
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A bag used for aerobic fermentation comprising a rectangular bag body made from a fiber sheet having reinforcing cords attached to the bag body along at least a pair of opposite bottom ridges, and having tie-strings attached to the reinforcing cords; and a process for treating waste material using the bag.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A bag used for aerobic fermentation comprising a rectangular bag body made from a fiber sheet having reinforcing cords attached to the bag body along at least a pair of opposite bottom ridges, and having tie-strings attached to the reinforcing cords; and a process for treating waste material using the bag.
Description
sAG USED FOR AEROBIC FERMENTATION AND USE THEREOF
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rectangular bag made from fiber sheet for aerobic fermentation of waste materials, and a process for a treatment to form a compost of the waste materials.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rectangular bag made from fiber sheet for aerobic fermentation of waste materials, and a process for a treatment to form a compost of the waste materials.
2. Description of the Related Art A process for the treatment of feces of domestic animals, waste from marine products industries, waste from slaughterhouses and the like, to form a compost from these materials, is known. In this process, if the waste materials do not contain a large amount of water and have a high air permeability, they are directly fermented in an air permeable bag, but if they do contain a large amount of water and, therefore, have a low air permea-bility, they are mixed with a filler such as sawdust, wood chips, cut straw or the like, to make the waste air-permeable before being aerobically fermented in an air-permeable bag.
According to this process, the treatment of the waste material does not require a fermenter, a large space, and agitation, does not generate unpleasant odors, and does not allow a growth of maggots. Nevertheless, this process is disadvantageous in that it is not pos-sible to stack the bags to a high level, and that aerobic fermentation does not proceed in a satisfactory manner.
To resolve these problems, the present inventors formerly provided an aerobic fermentation appaxatus for waste materials IJapanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-145983). This apparatus comprises a frame-work made of metal or a synthetic resin and a rectangular bag placed in the frame work, wherein the bag is fixed to the bottom of the frame-work by tie-strings.
The compost produced by an aerobic fermentation of waste materials, using the above-mentioned apparatus, ', ' ' ' ' ' '~
. ' , .
is transferred to a motor truck by reversion of the bag, in which a rotation fork or other apparatus is used to reverse the bags on the bed of the truck. At this time, the tie-strings are subjected to a load of more than several hundred kilograms, and if these tie-strings are not strong enough, they are easily broken by this load. To resolve this problem, thick and strong tie-strings must be used.
Further, to ensure that the aerobic fermentation in a bag proceeds as desired, the bag must have an air permeability of at least 60 cc/cm2/sec, and if the fiber bag is given such air permeability, the weight of fiber sheet of the bag must be kept as low as possible, and therefore, the strength that can be given to the bag is limited.
Accordingly, the use of thick and strong strings as mentioned above results in a breakage of the bag near the portions of the bag to which the strings are attached.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is desired to provide a bag for aerobic fermentation of waste which can be repeatedly used, and is resistant to a force loaded on the bag when a frame-work containing the bag is revolved by a rotation fork or the like to discharge the compost product from the bag, and thus is economically advantageous.
According to a broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bag used for aerobic fermentation and which comprises a rectangular bag body made from fiber sheet of predetermined strength and having reinforcing cords attached to the bag body along at least a pair of opposite bottom ridges.
j'.'l`'~
- 2a -Tie-strings are also attached to the reinforcing cords. The fiber sheet also has an air permeability of at least 60 cc/cm2/sec.
The present invention also provides a process for treating waste material using the bag.
According ~o the present invention, reinforcing cords are attached to the bag body, along ridges of the bag body, and the tie-strings are attached to the rein-forcing cords, and wh~n the bag is used, it is fixed to a frame-work by the tie-strings. Therefore, when the frame-work is revolved to discharge the compost, a force on the tie-strings is not concentrated on pats of the bag to which the tie-strings are attached, but is distributed over the bottom ridges of the bag, and therefore, the threads for attaching the tie-strings to the bag body are not cut, and parts of the bag body to which the tie-strings are attached are not broken.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing structures of a bag (A) of the present invention and a frame-work (B), as well as an assembly (C) of the bag and frame-work;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present bag;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present bag;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an attachment of the reinforcing cords to a bag;
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an attachment of the reinforcing cords to a bag;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an attachment of the tie-strings to a reinforcing cord; and Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another attachment of the tie-strings to a reinforcing cord.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Now, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings.
In Fig. 1, (A) is a perspective view of a bag 1 of the present invention, (B) is a perspective view of a frame work 10 which is to contain the bag, and ~C) is a perspective view of an assembly of the frame work and the bag when placed in the frame work. The bag 1 of the present invention comprises a rectangular bag body 2 having reinforcing cords 3 attached by sewing to the bag body 2 along bottom ridges of the bag body 2, and tie-strings 4 are attached to the reinforcing cords 3 for attaching the bag 1 to a frame-work 10. The frame-work 10 comprises fork insertion guides ll, supports 12, a bottom frame 13 and an upper frame 15. The bottom and four side planes of the frame-work 10 are covered by net of, for example, expand-metal coated with polyvinyl polymer. The bag 1 is contained in and fixed to the frame-work 10 by tying the tie-strings 4 to the supports 12 or the bottom frame 13.
The bag 1 optionally has covers 6.
When the frame work 10 containing the bag 1 is revolved by, for example, a rotation fork, to discharge the compost in the bag 1, the force of gravity is con-centrated on the ridges parallel to the axis of rotation of the frame-work 10, and is not substantially loaded on ridges perpendicular to that axis of rotation. There-fore, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although the bag 1 of the present invention must be provided with the rein-forcing cords 3 and tie-strings 4 attached to bottom ridges parallel to the axis of rotation, it is not essential for other ridges to be provided with these cords 3 and strings 4. However, to fix the bag 1 more tightly to the frame work 10, reinforcing cords 3 and tie-strings 4 are optionally attached to the upper ridges of the bag 1. In this case, the upper reinforcing cords 3 are preferably parallel to the bottom reinforcing cords 3, as shown in Fig. 3.
As shown in Fig. 2, a reinforcing cord 3 must have at least two tie-strings at the sites corresponding to bottom corners of the bag body 2, and preferably, the cord 3 has one or more additional tie-strings between these corners. As shown in Fig. 3, when the upper reinforcing cords 3 are provided, the tie-strings 4 are preferably provided in the same manner as for the above-mentioned bottom cords 3. Moreover, to fix the bag 1 even more tightly the frame work 10, the bag 1 preferably has additional tie-strings 4 attached to ridges to which reinforcing cords 3 are not attached. In this case, the ' ' ' 1 3~2061 tie-strings ~ are preferably attached to the bag 1 together with reinforcing sheets 5 by sewing.
To attach a reinforcing cord 3 to a bag 1 along a ridge of the bag body 2, various means can be used. The most simple means is that of sewing the cord 3 by a sewing thread 7, as shown in Fig. 4. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5, a reinforcing cord 3 can be attached to a ridge of a bag body 2 by inserting the cord 3 between the bag body 2 and a cover sheet 8, which is attached to the bag body 2 by sewing.
As shown in Fig. 6, a tie-string 4 can be con-veniently attached to a reinforcing cord 3 by tying the tie-string 4 around the reinforcing cord 3. Alternative-ly, a reinforcing cord 3 can be extended at both ends beyond a ridge of a bag body 2, and the extended parts used as the tie-strings 4. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, a reinforcing cord 3 is provided with rings at both ends, and the tie-strings 4 are tied to these rings. A combination of the above-mentioned means for attaching a tie-string 4 to a reinforcing cord 3 can be usedl and the means for such an attachment is not limited thereto.
Next, the material of the bag body of the present ~ invention is described. The bag body 2 and covers 6 are constructed from a material having a required strength and air permeability. That is, the material preferably has a weight of 70g/cm2 to 200g/cm2, a tensile strength of 30 to 60kg/5cm, a tear strength of 2.8 to 8kg, and an ~air permeability of at least 60cc/cm2/sec. More pre-ferably the material is a nonwoven fabric of polyesterfilament embossed on both surfaces , which has, for example, a weight of 130 g/cm2, a tensile strength of 60 kg/5 cm, a tear strength of 8 kg, and an air per-meability of 125 cc/cm2/sec. The reinforcing cord 3 has a required strength, for example a tensile strength of at least 15kg. Any material having such a strength, such as hemp, nylon, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol and the like, for example, a twisted soft tape made from three polypxopylene tapes having a width of about 100 mm can be used. Moreover, the reinforcing cord can be a twisted cord made from three vinylon multi filament cords having a diameter of 3mm (strength llOkg), and a twisted cord made from three nylon cords (strength 160kg). The tie-strings can be any strings having a strength of at least lOkg, and is for example a twisted cord made from three vinylon multe filament cord having a diameter of 2mm, or a twisted cord made from two nylon cords (strength 80kg). The material for the tie-strings 4 is preferably a twisted tape made from three polypropylene tapes having a width of about 70 mm. The sewing thread used to attach the reinforcing cord 3 to the bag body 2 is a twisted th-read made from 6 vinylone threads having a yarn count of 20. However, any material having similar properties to the above-mentioned materials can be used for $he present invention. Next, an example of the use of the present bag for aerobic fermentation is described.
Example A rectangular bag 1 comprising a bag body 2 having a bottom area of 1500 mm x 1000 mm, a height of 700 mm, and provided with four covers 6, i.e., two covers extending from longitudinal edges of the bag body for a length of 1000 mm and two covers extending from other edges to a length of 750 mm was made from polyester span bond em-bossed on both surfaces and having a weight of 130 g/cm3, a tensile strength of 60 kg/5 cm, a tear strength of 7.0 kg, and an air permeability of 125 cc/cm2/sec. The bag 1 had two reinforcing cords 3 attached to the bag body 2 along bottom ridges of the bag body 2. These cords 3 were twisted tapes made from three polypropylene films having a width of 100 mm and three tie-strings 4 were attached to each reinforcing cord 3 as shown in Fig. lA. As shown in Fig. lC, the above-mentioned bag 1 shown in Fig. lA was placed in a frame-work 10, as shown in Fig. lB, made from iron and having the same inner : ' ' ' . ' ' . . ' ':, .
~ 7 --dimensions as the bag, the bag 1 was fixed to the frame-work 10 by tie-strings 4 at four corners and at two intermediate paints along the reinforcing cords 3, and the covers 6 were allowed to hang outside the frame-work 10.
Next, 590 kg of pig feces containing 71.5% water were mixed homogeneously with 110 kg of sawdust con-taining 26~ water, in a mixer, and the mixture was poured into the above-mentioned bag 1, and the bag 1 was closed by the covers 6. Four frame-works 10 were prepared and stacked one upon the other.
The aerobic fermentation then began, and during the fermentation, the temperature of the mixture at a central part thereof was approximately the same as the tempera-ture of the mixture at point 5 cm inside the mixture at acenter point of a surface of the bag 1. The temperature was maintained at about 55C for 40 days.
After 50 days, the bag was opened, and the fermented material was removed from central part of each bag 1 as a column representing the whole from the upper part to the bottom part. The column generated a compost-odor, and consisted of a homogeneous mature compost not including the original sawdust. The compost products from dif-ferent bags had approximately the same properties.
During the fermentation, little unpleasant odors were generated. Since the pigs feces were completely surrounded by the bag 1, the process was not dirty, and flies were not attracted.
The frame-work 10 in which the bag 1 containing the 30 matured compost was fixed was rotated by a rotation fork for 180 degrees, around a horizontal axis, to reverse the frame-work 10 above a truck. This provided a smooth emptying of all of the compost in the bag 1 into a bed of the truck without breaking either the bag 1 or the tie-strings 4. The same procedure as described above was repeated 20 times with satisfactory results, using same the bag. After 20 repetitions, no fraying of parts of 1 32206~
the bag to which the tie-strings were attached by sewing was found.
A control run was carried out using the same bag as described above except that the reinforcing cords 3 were omitted. As a result, although a satisfactory result was obtained for two repetitions, after the third repetition when the compost was emptied into a bed of a truck, the bottom of the bag was broken, and thus the bag no longer could be used.
As evident from the above-description, by using a bag of the present invention, various kinds of wastes can be aerobically fermented to provide a compost having satisfactory properties. Moreover, the bag can be used many times, by revolving the frame work in which the bag containing matured compost is fixed by, for example, a rotation fork, but the bag is not broken. That is, the bag of the present invention is very durable.
According to this process, the treatment of the waste material does not require a fermenter, a large space, and agitation, does not generate unpleasant odors, and does not allow a growth of maggots. Nevertheless, this process is disadvantageous in that it is not pos-sible to stack the bags to a high level, and that aerobic fermentation does not proceed in a satisfactory manner.
To resolve these problems, the present inventors formerly provided an aerobic fermentation appaxatus for waste materials IJapanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-145983). This apparatus comprises a frame-work made of metal or a synthetic resin and a rectangular bag placed in the frame work, wherein the bag is fixed to the bottom of the frame-work by tie-strings.
The compost produced by an aerobic fermentation of waste materials, using the above-mentioned apparatus, ', ' ' ' ' ' '~
. ' , .
is transferred to a motor truck by reversion of the bag, in which a rotation fork or other apparatus is used to reverse the bags on the bed of the truck. At this time, the tie-strings are subjected to a load of more than several hundred kilograms, and if these tie-strings are not strong enough, they are easily broken by this load. To resolve this problem, thick and strong tie-strings must be used.
Further, to ensure that the aerobic fermentation in a bag proceeds as desired, the bag must have an air permeability of at least 60 cc/cm2/sec, and if the fiber bag is given such air permeability, the weight of fiber sheet of the bag must be kept as low as possible, and therefore, the strength that can be given to the bag is limited.
Accordingly, the use of thick and strong strings as mentioned above results in a breakage of the bag near the portions of the bag to which the strings are attached.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is desired to provide a bag for aerobic fermentation of waste which can be repeatedly used, and is resistant to a force loaded on the bag when a frame-work containing the bag is revolved by a rotation fork or the like to discharge the compost product from the bag, and thus is economically advantageous.
According to a broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bag used for aerobic fermentation and which comprises a rectangular bag body made from fiber sheet of predetermined strength and having reinforcing cords attached to the bag body along at least a pair of opposite bottom ridges.
j'.'l`'~
- 2a -Tie-strings are also attached to the reinforcing cords. The fiber sheet also has an air permeability of at least 60 cc/cm2/sec.
The present invention also provides a process for treating waste material using the bag.
According ~o the present invention, reinforcing cords are attached to the bag body, along ridges of the bag body, and the tie-strings are attached to the rein-forcing cords, and wh~n the bag is used, it is fixed to a frame-work by the tie-strings. Therefore, when the frame-work is revolved to discharge the compost, a force on the tie-strings is not concentrated on pats of the bag to which the tie-strings are attached, but is distributed over the bottom ridges of the bag, and therefore, the threads for attaching the tie-strings to the bag body are not cut, and parts of the bag body to which the tie-strings are attached are not broken.
BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view showing structures of a bag (A) of the present invention and a frame-work (B), as well as an assembly (C) of the bag and frame-work;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present bag;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present bag;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an attachment of the reinforcing cords to a bag;
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an attachment of the reinforcing cords to a bag;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an attachment of the tie-strings to a reinforcing cord; and Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another attachment of the tie-strings to a reinforcing cord.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Now, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings.
In Fig. 1, (A) is a perspective view of a bag 1 of the present invention, (B) is a perspective view of a frame work 10 which is to contain the bag, and ~C) is a perspective view of an assembly of the frame work and the bag when placed in the frame work. The bag 1 of the present invention comprises a rectangular bag body 2 having reinforcing cords 3 attached by sewing to the bag body 2 along bottom ridges of the bag body 2, and tie-strings 4 are attached to the reinforcing cords 3 for attaching the bag 1 to a frame-work 10. The frame-work 10 comprises fork insertion guides ll, supports 12, a bottom frame 13 and an upper frame 15. The bottom and four side planes of the frame-work 10 are covered by net of, for example, expand-metal coated with polyvinyl polymer. The bag 1 is contained in and fixed to the frame-work 10 by tying the tie-strings 4 to the supports 12 or the bottom frame 13.
The bag 1 optionally has covers 6.
When the frame work 10 containing the bag 1 is revolved by, for example, a rotation fork, to discharge the compost in the bag 1, the force of gravity is con-centrated on the ridges parallel to the axis of rotation of the frame-work 10, and is not substantially loaded on ridges perpendicular to that axis of rotation. There-fore, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although the bag 1 of the present invention must be provided with the rein-forcing cords 3 and tie-strings 4 attached to bottom ridges parallel to the axis of rotation, it is not essential for other ridges to be provided with these cords 3 and strings 4. However, to fix the bag 1 more tightly to the frame work 10, reinforcing cords 3 and tie-strings 4 are optionally attached to the upper ridges of the bag 1. In this case, the upper reinforcing cords 3 are preferably parallel to the bottom reinforcing cords 3, as shown in Fig. 3.
As shown in Fig. 2, a reinforcing cord 3 must have at least two tie-strings at the sites corresponding to bottom corners of the bag body 2, and preferably, the cord 3 has one or more additional tie-strings between these corners. As shown in Fig. 3, when the upper reinforcing cords 3 are provided, the tie-strings 4 are preferably provided in the same manner as for the above-mentioned bottom cords 3. Moreover, to fix the bag 1 even more tightly the frame work 10, the bag 1 preferably has additional tie-strings 4 attached to ridges to which reinforcing cords 3 are not attached. In this case, the ' ' ' 1 3~2061 tie-strings ~ are preferably attached to the bag 1 together with reinforcing sheets 5 by sewing.
To attach a reinforcing cord 3 to a bag 1 along a ridge of the bag body 2, various means can be used. The most simple means is that of sewing the cord 3 by a sewing thread 7, as shown in Fig. 4. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5, a reinforcing cord 3 can be attached to a ridge of a bag body 2 by inserting the cord 3 between the bag body 2 and a cover sheet 8, which is attached to the bag body 2 by sewing.
As shown in Fig. 6, a tie-string 4 can be con-veniently attached to a reinforcing cord 3 by tying the tie-string 4 around the reinforcing cord 3. Alternative-ly, a reinforcing cord 3 can be extended at both ends beyond a ridge of a bag body 2, and the extended parts used as the tie-strings 4. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, a reinforcing cord 3 is provided with rings at both ends, and the tie-strings 4 are tied to these rings. A combination of the above-mentioned means for attaching a tie-string 4 to a reinforcing cord 3 can be usedl and the means for such an attachment is not limited thereto.
Next, the material of the bag body of the present ~ invention is described. The bag body 2 and covers 6 are constructed from a material having a required strength and air permeability. That is, the material preferably has a weight of 70g/cm2 to 200g/cm2, a tensile strength of 30 to 60kg/5cm, a tear strength of 2.8 to 8kg, and an ~air permeability of at least 60cc/cm2/sec. More pre-ferably the material is a nonwoven fabric of polyesterfilament embossed on both surfaces , which has, for example, a weight of 130 g/cm2, a tensile strength of 60 kg/5 cm, a tear strength of 8 kg, and an air per-meability of 125 cc/cm2/sec. The reinforcing cord 3 has a required strength, for example a tensile strength of at least 15kg. Any material having such a strength, such as hemp, nylon, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol and the like, for example, a twisted soft tape made from three polypxopylene tapes having a width of about 100 mm can be used. Moreover, the reinforcing cord can be a twisted cord made from three vinylon multi filament cords having a diameter of 3mm (strength llOkg), and a twisted cord made from three nylon cords (strength 160kg). The tie-strings can be any strings having a strength of at least lOkg, and is for example a twisted cord made from three vinylon multe filament cord having a diameter of 2mm, or a twisted cord made from two nylon cords (strength 80kg). The material for the tie-strings 4 is preferably a twisted tape made from three polypropylene tapes having a width of about 70 mm. The sewing thread used to attach the reinforcing cord 3 to the bag body 2 is a twisted th-read made from 6 vinylone threads having a yarn count of 20. However, any material having similar properties to the above-mentioned materials can be used for $he present invention. Next, an example of the use of the present bag for aerobic fermentation is described.
Example A rectangular bag 1 comprising a bag body 2 having a bottom area of 1500 mm x 1000 mm, a height of 700 mm, and provided with four covers 6, i.e., two covers extending from longitudinal edges of the bag body for a length of 1000 mm and two covers extending from other edges to a length of 750 mm was made from polyester span bond em-bossed on both surfaces and having a weight of 130 g/cm3, a tensile strength of 60 kg/5 cm, a tear strength of 7.0 kg, and an air permeability of 125 cc/cm2/sec. The bag 1 had two reinforcing cords 3 attached to the bag body 2 along bottom ridges of the bag body 2. These cords 3 were twisted tapes made from three polypropylene films having a width of 100 mm and three tie-strings 4 were attached to each reinforcing cord 3 as shown in Fig. lA. As shown in Fig. lC, the above-mentioned bag 1 shown in Fig. lA was placed in a frame-work 10, as shown in Fig. lB, made from iron and having the same inner : ' ' ' . ' ' . . ' ':, .
~ 7 --dimensions as the bag, the bag 1 was fixed to the frame-work 10 by tie-strings 4 at four corners and at two intermediate paints along the reinforcing cords 3, and the covers 6 were allowed to hang outside the frame-work 10.
Next, 590 kg of pig feces containing 71.5% water were mixed homogeneously with 110 kg of sawdust con-taining 26~ water, in a mixer, and the mixture was poured into the above-mentioned bag 1, and the bag 1 was closed by the covers 6. Four frame-works 10 were prepared and stacked one upon the other.
The aerobic fermentation then began, and during the fermentation, the temperature of the mixture at a central part thereof was approximately the same as the tempera-ture of the mixture at point 5 cm inside the mixture at acenter point of a surface of the bag 1. The temperature was maintained at about 55C for 40 days.
After 50 days, the bag was opened, and the fermented material was removed from central part of each bag 1 as a column representing the whole from the upper part to the bottom part. The column generated a compost-odor, and consisted of a homogeneous mature compost not including the original sawdust. The compost products from dif-ferent bags had approximately the same properties.
During the fermentation, little unpleasant odors were generated. Since the pigs feces were completely surrounded by the bag 1, the process was not dirty, and flies were not attracted.
The frame-work 10 in which the bag 1 containing the 30 matured compost was fixed was rotated by a rotation fork for 180 degrees, around a horizontal axis, to reverse the frame-work 10 above a truck. This provided a smooth emptying of all of the compost in the bag 1 into a bed of the truck without breaking either the bag 1 or the tie-strings 4. The same procedure as described above was repeated 20 times with satisfactory results, using same the bag. After 20 repetitions, no fraying of parts of 1 32206~
the bag to which the tie-strings were attached by sewing was found.
A control run was carried out using the same bag as described above except that the reinforcing cords 3 were omitted. As a result, although a satisfactory result was obtained for two repetitions, after the third repetition when the compost was emptied into a bed of a truck, the bottom of the bag was broken, and thus the bag no longer could be used.
As evident from the above-description, by using a bag of the present invention, various kinds of wastes can be aerobically fermented to provide a compost having satisfactory properties. Moreover, the bag can be used many times, by revolving the frame work in which the bag containing matured compost is fixed by, for example, a rotation fork, but the bag is not broken. That is, the bag of the present invention is very durable.
Claims (5)
1. A bag used for aerobic fermentation comprising a rectangular bag body made from fiber sheet of predetermined strength and having reinforcing cords attached to the bag body along at least a pair of opposite bottom ridges and having tie-strings attached to the reinforcing cords, said fiber sheet also having an air permeability of at least 60 cc/cm2/sec.
2. A bag according to claim 1, wherein the fiber sheet is a non-woven sheet.
3. A bag according to claim 1, wherein the bag body has four covers.
4. A bag according to claim 1, wherein at least two tie-strings are attached to a reinforcing cord.
5. A bag according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing cords are attached to the bag body by sewing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 553685 CA1322061C (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Bag used for aerobic fermentation and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 553685 CA1322061C (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Bag used for aerobic fermentation and use thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1322061C true CA1322061C (en) | 1993-09-07 |
Family
ID=4137016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 553685 Expired - Fee Related CA1322061C (en) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Bag used for aerobic fermentation and use thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1322061C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1226884A2 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-31 | Tanaka Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Decontamination bag for soil |
-
1987
- 1987-12-07 CA CA 553685 patent/CA1322061C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1226884A2 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-31 | Tanaka Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Decontamination bag for soil |
| EP1226884A3 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2004-04-14 | Tanaka Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Decontamination bag for soil |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |