CA1316887C - Jaw crusher with drop-in jaws - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract The application relates to rock crushing machines and more particularly to such machines wherein oscillatory vibration or motion is produced in opposed jaws by means of eccentric masses or the like. It has been found that assembly and disassembly is relatively difficult for such crushers with opposed jaws. This is most noticeable in connection with the jaws themselves which tend to experience substantial wear during operation of the crusher and must accordingly be replaced or rebuilt relatively frequently. The improved design of this application includes upper and lower elongated resilient members connected with the frame structure behind one jaw, and upper and lower reaction members connected to the one jaw for respective interaction with the upper and lower elongated resilient members. The upper and lower reaction members are formed in substantially diametric relation for encompassing diametrically opposed portions of the upper and lower elongated resilient members in order to permit oscillatory movement of the one jaw in response to the eccentric means while at the same time limiting travel of the one jaw in all directions on the frame structure.

Description

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~he present invention relates to rock crushing machines Qnd more particularly to such machines wherein oscillatory vibration or motion is produced in opposed jaws b~ means of eccentric masses or the like.
Background of the Invention U.S. Patent 3,079,096, entitled "Crushing Apparatus"
issued February 26, 1963 to David P. McConnell, father of one of the inventors herein. The crusher described and claimed in that patent is particularly representative of the prior art with respect to the pre~ent invention and is accordingly discussed in greater detail below. The jaw cru~her of the pre~ent invention includes certain features in common with the apparatus o~ the above patent and also in common with applicant's copending Canadian Application Serial No. 563,106 , filed March 31, 1988 and entitled "Impro~ed Jaw Crusher with Multiple Drive Means".
Accordingly, both U.S. Patent 3,079,096 and the copending application may be referred to in order to provide a more complete understanding of the background of the present invention particularly as to common crushing apparatus features.
~he crushing apparatus of the present invention also includes certain feature~ in common with apparatus disclosed in another of applicant's copending Canadian Application Serial No. 563,108 , filed March 31, 1988 and entitled "Jaw Crushing Apparatus".

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Referring now to the reference3, U.S. Patent 3,079,096 disclo3ed a jaw crusher o~ the type generally referred to above wherein an eccentric ma3~ was ~upported for rotation behind each of it3 oppo~ed jawe. Sub~-tantial force~ acting upon the jaw~
were absorbed by resilient mean~ including wheels with pneumatic tires arranged in 3hoe~ or cylindrical track3. In addition to ab~orbing tremendou3 shock loading on the jaw~, the resilient tiree permitted the jaw~ to move away from each other a3 nece33ary when uncru~hable material formed, for example, from hardened ~teel or the like, entered between the jaw~
Accordingly, the jaw cru~her of the reference wae particularly effective in cruehing material~ such a~ rock while preventing the jaws or other portion~ of the cru~her from being damaged by uncru~hable material pa~ing between the jaw~.
Other jaw cru~her~ including oppo~ed vibratory jaws operated by rotating eccentric ma~3e~ have also been disclo~ed in the prior art. For example, reference i~ made to U.S. Patent 1,247,701 i~sued ~ovember 27, 1917 to Michaeleen. However, at lea~t for purpo~es of the pre~ent ; 2 kh/~

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invention, these other prior art jaw crushers are believed to be generally equivalent to that of the above reference.
Although the prior art jaw crushers discussed above were very effective for their purpose, it has been found desirable to further improve their design for further enhancing jaw crusher operation in a Yariety of applications In particulsr, it has been found that assembly and disa8Qembly i8 relatiYely difficult for such crushers with opposed jaws. This is most noticeable in connection with the Jaws themselves which tend to experience substantial wear duriDg operation of the crusher and must accordingly be replaced or rebuilt relatively frequently.
Accordingly, there h~s been found to remain a need for a jaw crusher exhibiting improvements in the areas discussed above as well 8S in other areas~

Summary of the Invention It iB therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved jaw crusher capable of overcoming disadvantages ~uch a8 those discu6sed above.
It is a further related object of the invention to prov~de a ~aw crusher having an improved design for supporting at least one ~8W in floating relation on a frame ~tructure of the crusher while facilitating assembly and di6assembly of the crusher, the lmproved de~ign including ;~ upper and lower elongated re~ilient members connected with the frame structure behind ths one ~aw, and upper and lower reaction members connected to the one jaw for respective ~ - , , , .

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~ , $ ''' ~ ' interaction wlth the upper and lower elongated resilient member~, the upper and lower reactlon members being formed in substantially diametric relation for encompassing diametrically opposed portions of the upper and lower elongated resilient members iD order to permit oscillatory movement of the one ~aw in response to the eccentric means while at the same time llmiting travel of the one ~aw in all direction6 on the frame ~tructure.
Preferably, the crusher is designed with both jaws being similarly configured and mounted on its frame ~tructure.
It is preferred that the upper elongated resilient member be replaceably connected to the frame structure to facilitate assembly and disassembly of either or both jaws as drop-in unlts. It i8 also preferred that the lower elongated resillent member be connected with the fra~e structure by additional floating mount meanE for permitting increased movement of the first ~aw relative to the frame 6tructure. Such a configuration i8 described in 8reater detail within the ~ncorporated copending reference entitled "Jaw Crushing Apparatus". The additional floating mount provided at the bottom of the ~8W is particularly important when the overall configuration of the jaw crusher is considered. As described in greater detail below, lower ~5 portions of the ~aws converge toward each other and are preferably geneiall~ parallel in order to achieve fine crushing of material before it exits from the bottom of the crusher. ~ncreased movement made pos~ible by the additional floating mount at the bottom of the ~aw~ allows these ; 30 portions of the ~aws to move even further apart from each ,:

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other in order to allow uncrushable material to pass through the crusher without dQmsging or plugging the crusher.
It is yet another related object of the invention to provide ~n improved crusher ,~aw of drop-in configurntioD ~s described above for use with a crusher. Here again, it is preferably contemplated that two drop-in jaws of similar design be employed in a single crusher.
Additional obJects and advantages of the invention are made apparent in the following description having reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawin~s FIGURE 1 is a side view of A jaw crusher constructed in nccordsnce with the pre~ent invention.
FIGURE 2 is ~ view taken from the left side of FIGURE 1 . in order to show additional features of the inYention.
FIGURE 3 i9 a fragmentary side Yiew of the opposed ~aws in the crusher to better lllustrate their construction and configuration.
FIGURE 4 i8 a Yiew of one of the jaws taken from the right side of FIGURE 3.
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Description of the Preferred Embodiment A Jaw crusher constructed according to the present lnvention is generallg indicated at 10 in the drawings and includes a base frame assembly 12 and a fsbricated floating frame or ~aw carriage structure 14. The b~se frame Qssembly 12 lncludes a platform 16 and upright frame members 18 and ~ ' ; 5 ~ ' .
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20, Both the base frame Assembly 12 and jaw carrisge frame 14 are sub~tantially reinforced as illuatrated.
The Jaw carringe frame 14 includes opposed upright side ,r~ plates 24 and 26 whlch are rigidly interconnected by cross member~ 28. The ~aw carriage frame 14 is resiliently supported upon the bsse frame 12 by a plurality of foiled spring~ 30 interposed between the upright frame members 18 and 20 of the base frame 12 and the cross members 28 of the ~aw carriage framé 14. The springs 30 are positioned relative to both the upri~ht frame members 18 and 20 and the cross members 28 by means of positioning cups 32.
~ psir of crusher ~8WS 34 and 36 are mounted on the jaw carriage frame 14 in fl manner described in greater detail below for allowing oscillatory or vibratory movement of the ~aws in synchronized relation wlth eflch other. The mounting ; of the ~aws 34 and 36 upon the ~aw carriage frame 14 is of psrticular importance because of the very substantial shock forces actlng upon the ~aws during operation of the crusher.
In any event, it wlll be more apparent from the - 20 fo11Owing description that, in their o~cillstory or vibratory movement, the ~aws experience an upward stroke where they move upwsrdly and ~way from each other followed by a downward stroke where the jaws move downwardly and toward each other. The upward and downward strokes of the Jaws produce vibratory snd oscillatory movement in order to develop crushing force on rocks or other material passing between the ~aws.
A~ noted above, the crusher Jaws 34 and 36 ere of substantially Rimilsr construction except that they are formed as mirror images of each other. Accordingly, the .
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following description for the crusher jaw 34 also applies to the crusher ~BW 36 wlth similar primed numerical labels being employed. Although both ~w8 34 and 36 are described as being similRrly configured and mounted in the crusher, it is a8ain noted that one ~aw could be relatively fixed with the other ~aw belng mounted in the manner described below.
Referring now particularly to FIGUR~S 1 and 3, the crusher ~aw 34 is formed with an upper hardened face plate 38 and a lower hardened face plate 42. Both plates 38 and 42 ~re secured to a backing plate 40 preferably by means of countersunk bolts or studs (not shown) in order to permit their remo~al or replacement on the jaw.
The angular relationship between the upper and lower face plates 38 and 42 on the crusher ~AW 34 and the upper and lower f0ce plfltes 38' and 42' on the ~aw 36 i8 important for achieving more effectlve crushlng action on rocks or other material passing between the ~aws.
Generally, lt iB desirable for the lower face plates 42 and 42' to be substantiAllg parallel with each other, for Z0 example, when fine crushing 18 deslred within the crusher 10. At the same time, the upper face plates 38 and 38' form a wider converglng angle for receivlng material to be crushed in the cruaher 10.
For a further discusslon of the ~aws 34 and 36 and their preferred configuration, reference 19 made to the incorporated reference~ ~oted above.
It is again noted that the present invention is ;~ particularly dlrected toward the manner in whlch the crusher ~aws 34 and 36 are supported for oscillatorg vibr~ting mo~ement in the floating frame structure 14. In addition, : ' ~' ~ ' ' ' `' : '' ' .

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the in~entlon i~ pnrticulnrl~ concerned Witll the courl~urntlotl of the Jnw~ 34 ~nd 36 themsélve~ in order lo permit them to bé of n drop-ln de~ign or i~cilitntin~
instellntion and remo~al of the Jnw~ from the crusher 10.
Continuing with reference to FIGURES 1, ~ nnd 3, tl)c upper end of the ~ew 34 i~ supported bg nn elongnted res11ient member 43 which is conaected to the ~nw cDrrinpe ~rnme 14 o11d inter~CtH with nn upper reaction member 44 ottne11ed to or forming nn integrnl portion of the ~a~ 34.
lU Tl~e lower 1-ortion of the ~nw 3~ ~s supported rell\t1vc to the ~nw cbrringe frnme 14 b~ serie~ connected resilicnt ilonting mounts 46 nnd 48. The flonting mount 4G coml~riscs nn elongnted resilient member ~imllnr to the upper mcmbcr 43- noth the upper elongnted senlllent member 43 nnd Lhe flootng mount or lower elongnted resilien~ member 46 nrc formed from compre~siible nnd resilient tireis 50.
A lower renction member 52 is nttnched to or inte6rn11y formed on n lower portion of the Jnw 34 for inter~cting with thc lower elongnted resillent member 46.
Tlle tlres or wheela 50 in the lower elongnted res1lient member 46 ~re nrrnnged ~pon n shaft or ~le 54 whicll ln tnrn iB ~upported ln resilient, flonting relction on the ~nw cnrringe frsme 14 bg the ~econd reailient flonting mount 48.
As lllustrated in FIGURES 2 nnd 3, the second resilicnt f10nting mount 48 nl~o compri~es compres~ible nnd resi1icnt tires 56 mounted on opposite ends of the nxle 54 ~nd errsnged wlthin eddltionnl mountinp menns in the form Or ri8id shoes or cyllndrical trncks 58. Each of the shoes or trDcks 5B la rlgldl~ supported b~ nn nd~ustlng block 60 0 whlch ln positloned, Eor e~nmple, to ndJu~t ~pnCill~ betwcen .

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the ~aw~ by me~ns of an adJusting screw nssembly 62 ~ecured to the bnse frame assemblg 12.
Tllu~, the combinDtion of the first and secDnd resilient floating mounts 46 and 48 together with similnr mount~ 4G' ond 48' for the other ~aw 36 provide n number of ndvantages within the present lnrention. Initinlly, theg further extend the effective ~troke of the ~aws as deacribed aboYe for increQslng cru~hing c~pacltg of the spparatus lO whlle a1BO more rendilg permitting uncrushQble materinl or object6 to pcss between the Jaws and out of the crusher without damaging or plugging the crusl-er. Other advantages for the series connected floating mounts 46 and 48 are set forth in copending application Se~ial No. 563,10~.

It is ~galn noted that osclllating vibratory travel of each ~nw, for elample, tlle ~aw 34, 1B permitted b~ radinl spacing between the pneumatic tire6 50 and the lower reactlon member 52 together with ~imilnr spucing between the tires 56 nnd the cyllndrlcal trDck 58 of the ~econd resilient floQting mount.
The tirès 50 ln the upper elongated resllient member 42 are aimilarlg nrranged upon Q ~h~ft or axle 64 which i~ ;
ndju~tnblg and replacenblg connected to the ~aw carriDge frame 14 bg meQnB of a replacenble Dnd nd~ustable mounting blocks 66 ~nd 68 nrranged nt each end of the axle 64. Tlle replaceQbLe constructlon for the upper elongated resllient ; member 43 i~ lmportnnt in connection with,the drop-ln conflgurQtlon of the ~QW 34 a~ descrlbed in greater detuil below.
Referrlng now partlcularlg to FIGURE 3, the drop-in .

J ~ 7 configurotion for the Jaw 34 i~ pnrticulnrly depen(1et1t UpOI
the configurMtion for the upper nlld lower renction mc~ e 44 nnd 52. Genernll~ these members are diametricnll~
nrrn11ged with relntlon to each other ao that, in combinntion, they limit trnvel o ti1e ~nw in nll direc~ions in response to operntion of eccentrlc menns genernlly indicnted nt 70 nnd described ln ~reater detDil below.
Witi1 the upper and lower elongated reslllent mem~crs 43 nn(1 46 being formed from cylindricnl tires, for exnmple, the 10 u1-11èr nnd lower renction members 44 and 52 nre nlso cylindrlcQl but limlted ln extent to lesa than 180 in or(1er to fncilitnte their movement relati~e tD the tires 50.
As mag be best ~een ln FIGURE 3, the lower renction member 52 is npproximntely l80 in extent while being nrrnnged Kenernll~ above the lower elongnted resilient member 46. At the ~Dme time, the upper renction member 4/~
is nrrnnged genernlly benentl1 the upper elongnted resilient member 43. T11us, the lower renction member 52 tends to ~upport the ~aw 34 on the ~nw cnrringe frnme 14 nnd to prevent downwnrd trnvel oE the ~nw. At the same tlme, thc upper renction member 44 tend~ to prevent or limit e~cessive upwnrd trnvel of the jnw 34, for example, ln response to operation oE the eccentric menns 68, Furthermore, becnuse of the nrrnnBement of the renctio~
member~ 44 nnd 52, with the upper elongnted resilient mcmber 42 being remoYed from the ~nw cerrlnge frnme 14 n8 described nbove, the entlre JBW 34 cen ~lmpl~ be rnlsed upwnrdly ns viewed in FlGURE 3 or lowered downwnrdly for instnllntion in the crusl1er. ~t the snme time, the upper renctlon member 44 - 30 nlso serYes n restrnining function in preventin~ the uppcr , 10 ' -;

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end of the ~aw 34 from collapsing inwardly toward the Jaw 36, particularly when the cru~her is empty.
Referrlng particulnrly to FIGURE 1, the eccentric means 68 is illustrated a~ an elongated eccentric ms~s arrange'd upon a shaft 72 supported at lt6 opposite ends by bearings 74 on the ~8W carrlape frame 14. The elongated conflguration of the eccentric mass 68 permits it to be of reduced diameter eo that it can be mounted more clo~ely adjacent the jaw 34 as may also be seen in FIGURES 2 and 3.
The shaft 72 is connected by means of 8 universal drive assembly 76 with n drive shaft 78 which is interconnected with 8 drive motor 80 by drive belts generally indicated at 82. The universal drlve assembly 76 permits the shaft 72 to be dlsconnected from the drlve sbaft 78 90 that the eccentric means 68 can be assembled and disassembled from the crusher 10 R8 pnrt of the drop-in jaw as6embly 34.
Once again, it 1B noted that the other ~aw 36 is of sub3tsntially simllar constructlon and mounting as the ~aw 34.
Accordingly, there has been described a novel Jaw crusher lO wherein the Jaws 34 and 36 are of drop-in configuratlon for facilltatlng installatlon and removal or ; replacement of the jaws ln the crusher. As noted above, thi~ ls particularly important slnce wear 19 primarily : 25 experienced within the ~aws themselves.
Various modifications and addition~ are believed : apparent in addition to those specifically discus6ed above.
Accordlngly, the scope of the present inventlon 1B defined : only by the following appended claims.
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Claims (6)

1, In a jaw crusher including a supporting frame structure, first and second opposed downwardly converging crusher jaws defining therebetween space for passage of material to be crushed, means supporting the second jaw on the frame structure for opposed crushing action relative to the first jaw, and eccentric means for imparting oscillatory vibration to at least one of the first and second jaws for producing crushing action, an improved design for supporting the first jaw in floating relation on the frame structure and for facilitating assembly or disassembly of the crusher, comprising upper and lower elongated resilient members connected with the frame structure and arranged opposite a face of the first jaw, and upper and lower reaction members connected to the first jaw for respective interaction with the upper and lower elongated resilient members, the upper and lower reaction members encompassing diametrically related portions of the upper and lower elongated resilient members relative to their respective axes for permitting oscillatory movement of the first jaw in response to the eccentric means while at the same time limiting travel of the jaw in all directions on the frame structure, the upper and lower elongated resilient members being cylindrical, the upper and lower reaction members also being cylindrical in configuration and no more than about 180° in extent to facilitate their movement relative to the upper and lower elongated resilient members.

2. The improved jaw crusher of Claim 1 wherein the upper reaction member is arranged generally below the upper elongated resilient member and the lower reaction member is arranged generally above the lower elongated resilient member, the upper elongated resilient member being replaceably connected to the frame structure to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the first jaw from the crusher.

3. The improved jaw crusher of Claim 2 wherein the lower elongated resilient member is connected with the frame structure by additional floating mount means for permitting increased movement of the first jaw relative to the frame structure.

4. The improved jaw crusher of Claim 3 wherein the upper and lower elongated resilient members are formed from compressible tires.

5. The improved jaw crusher of Claim 4 wherein the second jaw is similarly supported in floating relation on the frame structure by upper and lower elongated resilient members and upper and lower reaction members as the first jaw.

6. The improved jaw crusher of Claim 2 wherein the second jaw is similarly supported in floating relation on the frame structure by upper and lower elongated resilient members and upper and lower reaction members as the first jaw.