CA1315135C - Washer for roofing insulation - Google Patents
Washer for roofing insulationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1315135C CA1315135C CA000616013A CA616013A CA1315135C CA 1315135 C CA1315135 C CA 1315135C CA 000616013 A CA000616013 A CA 000616013A CA 616013 A CA616013 A CA 616013A CA 1315135 C CA1315135 C CA 1315135C
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- washer
- protrusion
- head
- flange
- aperture
- Prior art date
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Abstract
WASHER FOR ROOFING INSULATION
Abstract of the Invention A washer for attaching insulation to a roof member over which roofing membrane is to be placed. The washer includes a laterally extending apertured flange and an upstanding hollow cylindrical protrusion adapted to snappingly engage the head of a fastener used with the washer. The protrusion has an inwardly extending lip on the inside surface of the free end of the protrusion. In an alternative embodiment sloping ribs guide a fastener head into snapping engagement with an inwardly projecting lip. In all embodiments a resilient rib is disposed on a shoulder formed in the aperture in the washer. The rib resiliently urges the head of the fastener into engagement with the lip. The washer includes a downwardly extending hub, which may be equipped with means for retaining the washer in a batten strip.
Abstract of the Invention A washer for attaching insulation to a roof member over which roofing membrane is to be placed. The washer includes a laterally extending apertured flange and an upstanding hollow cylindrical protrusion adapted to snappingly engage the head of a fastener used with the washer. The protrusion has an inwardly extending lip on the inside surface of the free end of the protrusion. In an alternative embodiment sloping ribs guide a fastener head into snapping engagement with an inwardly projecting lip. In all embodiments a resilient rib is disposed on a shoulder formed in the aperture in the washer. The rib resiliently urges the head of the fastener into engagement with the lip. The washer includes a downwardly extending hub, which may be equipped with means for retaining the washer in a batten strip.
Description
131~
WASHER FOR ROOFING INSULATION
This application is a division of Canadian serial number 531,603 filed March 10, 1987.
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a washer used to attach roofing insulation. The washer of tbe present invention is particularly useful in construction where single ply roofing membranes are placed over the insulation.
The problem addressed by the present invention involves the puncture of membrane material by fastener heads. miS problem arises when screws which are used to secure washers and insulation to a roof substructure become loose and move upward out of their installed positions. Such upward movement is uaually attributable to vibration of some sort.
Attempts to eliminate this problem have taken several forms. For example, U.S. patent 4,361,997 to DeCaro shows engagement between the threads o~ a screw and the walls of a bore in a washer. Another attempt is the Tap Deck-S ~fastener in which an annular ring on the shank of a fastener snaps through the aperture in a washer. A third attempt is shown in Fig. 3 of U.S. patent 4,074,501 to Sandquist.
Sandquist shows a groove formed in a beveled bore. The edges of a ~ .
~ 3 ~
countersunk screw head fit into the groove, and tend to prohibit backward motion of the screw.
U.S. Patent 4,380,413 to George G. Dewey, which is owned by the assignee of the present invention, shows a screw and washer combination in which the head of a screw is loosely captivated within a recess in the washer.
Accordingly, the present invention seeks to provide a roofing insulation washer which prevents backward motion of a screw during vibration.
Further, the invention seeks to provide a washer with means to easily and positively engage the head of a fastener used therewith.
Still further, the present invention seeks to provide a washer with means for firmly and resiliently gripping the head of a fastener used therewith.
Further still, the invention seeks to provide a washer in which engagement between the washer and the head of a fastener is easily obtained.
Summary Of The Invention The invention in one broad aspect provides a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a resilient non-metallic body having a central throughbore, a shoulder formed in the throughbore for engaging the head of a fastener, the shoulder defining and separating upper and lower portions of said throughbore, the upper portion 1 3 ~
having a ma~imum lateral dimension greater than that of the lower portion. Restraining means is formed in the upper portion of the throughbore for engaging a portion of the fastener head and resilient head pushing means is formed on the shoulder for urging the fastener head into engagement with the restraining means.
Another aspect of the invention provides a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough and the washer including an axially extending hub projecting froEn the flange. Gripping means receive and hold the head in a fixed position relative to the flange, the gripping means including a resilient generally cylindrical upstanding protrusion disposed around the aperture, the protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed on an upper inner portion of the protrusion. The protrusion is located on the washer so as to provide a space for radially outward deflection of the protrusion as the head snaps past the lip. The protrusion is disposed in a recess in an upper surface of the flange.
Still further, the invention comprehends a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank and with a batten strip, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an , . , ~ 3 ~
aperture extending therethrough and the aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to the flange. A
resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion has an axis generally co-axial with the axis of the aperture, the protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed at an upper free end of the protrusion. The protrusion extends in a first axial direction and is disposed on the washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of the free end as the head snaps past the lip upon insertion of the screw into the aperture.
The washer has an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite the first axial direction, the hub having means formed thereon for engaging the batten strip, the means including shoulder means formed on legs extending radially of said hub and generally facing the flange. The washer includes an axially extending rib disposed between the protrusion and the aperture for resiliently holding the head in contact with the lip.
Further still, there is provided a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough with the aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to the flange. A resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion has an axis generally co-axial with the axis of the 2b ~3~ 3~
aperture, the protrusions including a radially inwardly ext:ending lip disposed at an upper free end of the protrusion.
The protrusion extends in a first axial direction and is disposed on the washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of the free end as the head snaps past the lip upon insertion of the screw into the aperture. The washer has an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite the first axial direction, the protrusion being disposed within a recess in an upper surface of the flange and lying completely within the recess.
Brief Description Of The Drawings Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following specifications read with reference to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a washer embodying the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevational view in partial section of the washer shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the washer taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1.
, ~, 3 ~ 3 ~
1 Fig. 4 is a cop plan view of another embodiment of the present invent ion .
Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 S and 5.
Fig. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines 7-7 of Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the top of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a side elevational view of the washer shown in Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the third embodiment of a washer of the present invention taken along line 10-10 of Fig. 8.
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the top of a fourth embodiment of a washer of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a plan view of the bottom of the washer shown in Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 in Fig. 11.
1 Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the washer shown in Figs. 11 through 13 in combination with a screw head retaining insert.
Detailed Description of the Invention Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the invention in which the washer 10 is comprised of a laterally extending flange 11 having a central aperture 12 and a protruding hub 23. A recess 14 is formed in the upper side 22 of the flange 11. '~ithin the recess 14 there is a cylindrical protrusion or boss 15 which extends in an axial direction upwardly from a shoulder 20. The boss 15 is spaced laterally fr~m the aperture 12. Between the boss 15 and the aperture 12 there is a smaller axially extending protrusion in the form of a rib 17. An overhanging lip 16 i~ formed on the inner free end of t~e boss 15~
As shown in Fig. 2, a screw 30 has a head 31 which is gripped by the rib 17 and the boss 15. T'ne rib 17 is a resilient tapering rib which engages the underside 32 of the screw head. At t'ne same time, the lip 16 engages the peripheral edge 33 of the top side of the screw head.
The details of the shape of the boss 15 are important. The upper portion of the lip 16 is sloped to act as a guide for the screw head 31.
The inner wall 18 of the boss 15 is generally parallel to the axis of the aperture 12, while the outside wall 19 of the boss 15 is sloped inwardly fro~ bot~om to top. By placing the boss 15 in the recess 14, two benefits are obtained. First, the upper end of the boss 15 has a 13~ ~ ~$ ~ ~
1 space into which it may deflect during ehe movement of ehe screw head :31 passed the lip 16. It has been found that the shape as shown in ]ig. 3 allows lateral deflection of the boss 15 without resultant damage thereto. Also, because the boss 15 is positioned well below the 5 surface 22 on the upper side of the washer, if a screw head fails to snap pass tbe lip 16, it will not interfere with a membrane draped over the washer. Vibrations resulting from wind or from sources within a structure can cause loosening and backward motion of roofing screws.
The present invention minimizes the possibility of a screw backing up to a point where the screw head 31 projects above the upper surface 22 of the washer.
Figs. 4-7 show an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
In Figs. 4-7 the designation "a" following a refer2nce numeral is used to designate elements which correspond to the embodiment shown in Figs.
1-3.
The embodiment of Figs. 4-7 is intended to be used with a batten strip, as shown in Fig. 7. Batten strips are used to attach edges of roofing membranes. The strips are then covered with a membrane sheet which is adhesively attached to a section of underlying membrane adjacent to the batten strip. Thus, the problem of screw heads tending to loosen and puncture overlying membrane sheets is present with the use of batten strips in a manner similar to the problem associated with insulation fastening as discussed above.
1 3 ~
1 The embodiment of Figs. 4-7 is similar to the e~bodiment of Figs.
1-3 in that the washer lOa includes a laterally extending flange lla and an axially excending cylindrical protrusion of boss 15a surrounds an aperture 12a extending through the washer. m e washer further includes a hub 23a depending from the bottom side of the washer.
However, the hub has two legs 24 and 25 which are separated by a slot 29. The legs 24 and 25 have a circumferential notch 26 formed on the outside surface thereof. The notch 26 forms a shoulder 27 which engages a batten strip 40 as the washer is inserted through an aperture 41 in the batten strip.
The cooperation between the boss 15a and I screw heat is substantially the same as the cooperaCion described with reference to the boss 15 and the screw 30 shown in Fig. 2 and discussed above.
Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show a third embodiment of the invention for which the designation "C" is used following reference numbers. The third embodiment is a washer designated generally with the reference number lOc. It includes a wide laterally extending flange 11~, and a central throughbore 12c. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the upper surface of the flange llc. Fig. 9 shows a hub 23c depending from the bottom surface of the washer.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a cross-section through the throughbore of the ~asher lOc. A shoulder 20c divides the throughbore into an upper portion 56c and a lower portion 57c is substantially less than the maximum latter dimension of any part of the upper 13~3~
1 portion 56c. The upper portion includes a shallow recess 14c in the extreme upper surface of the washer. ~elow the shallow recess 14c a series of axially extending spirally disposed ribs 61c. The spiral configuration of the series of ribs can best be seen in Fig. 8. The innermost edges of each of the ribs 61c is tapered such that the edges of the ribs form portions of a truncated cone having a wider opening at its upper end and a narrower opening at its lower end.
At the lower end of the series of ribs 61c tXere is an annular radially inwardly extending lip 16c, which operates in a manner similar to the lip 16 of the embodiment described earlier. The lip 16c cooperates with the rib 17c, which is disposed on the shoulder 20c, to resiliently retain the head of a fastener. The rib 17c deflects an amount sufficient to allow the head of a fastener to snap past the lip 16c, and rib 17c is resilient so that it can push the head of a fastener into gripping engagement with the lip 16c.
The spiral disposition of the ribs 61c is such that retrograde or upward motion of a threaded fastener is severly restricted. However, the insertion of a threaded fastener in a clockwise direction is facilitated by the orientation of the ribs as shown in Fig. 8.
Specifically, a plane 70c which bisects a rib 61c is offset from a plane 71c which is parallel to plane 70c and which bisects the central axis 73c of the washer. It has been found that the offset between planes 70c and 71c should preferably be-approximatel~ 0.05 inches when the ribs are shaped in a manner similar to those shown in Fig. 8.
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1 Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention for which a designation 'd' is added to the reference oumbers. This fourth embodiment, generally designated as washer lOd, combines elements of the embodiment of the Figures 4-7 and Figs. 8-10.
The washer lOd is comprised of two components, a central body 81d made of generally resilient material and a flange 82d carried by the central body 81d. The flange 82d contains an octagonal impression 83d formed therein. A mating octagonal configuration is formed on the under surface of the central body 81d to prevent relative rotation of the two components. As with the third embodiment shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the washer lOd is equipped with ribs 61d which are similar in shape and function to the ribs 61c described earlier, and lip 16d cooperates with rib 17d in substantially the same way in which lip 16c cooperates with rib 17c.
lS It should be noted that the undersurface of the flange 82d, shown in Fig. 12, includes edges 93d and corners 94d for~ed by the octagonal impression 83d in the upper surface of the flange 82d. The edges 93d and corners 94d project slightly below the outer clamping surfaces 95d.
This enables the edges 93d and corners 94d to engage a roofing membrane and prevent lateral movement of that membrane. If substantial movement of the membrane occurs at the location of the edges 93d and corners 94d, stress concentration can occur at points of contact between the membrane and a threaded fastener, which can cause early failure of the membrane.
~ 3 ~
1 Another advantage of the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention is in the abilîty of the ribs 61c and 6Ld to melt.
In some roofing application, lapping of adjacent membranes and heat sealing thereof causes roofing insulation washers, like those of the S present invention, to be exposed to high temperatures. When washers like those of the third and fourth embodiment of the present invention are exposed to high temperature, the ribs 61c and 61d melt easily because of their large surface area. When the ribs melt, the material comprising them flows over the head of the fastener and further prevents rotation and backing out of the fastener.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such variations and modifications are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the appendant claims.
WASHER FOR ROOFING INSULATION
This application is a division of Canadian serial number 531,603 filed March 10, 1987.
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a washer used to attach roofing insulation. The washer of tbe present invention is particularly useful in construction where single ply roofing membranes are placed over the insulation.
The problem addressed by the present invention involves the puncture of membrane material by fastener heads. miS problem arises when screws which are used to secure washers and insulation to a roof substructure become loose and move upward out of their installed positions. Such upward movement is uaually attributable to vibration of some sort.
Attempts to eliminate this problem have taken several forms. For example, U.S. patent 4,361,997 to DeCaro shows engagement between the threads o~ a screw and the walls of a bore in a washer. Another attempt is the Tap Deck-S ~fastener in which an annular ring on the shank of a fastener snaps through the aperture in a washer. A third attempt is shown in Fig. 3 of U.S. patent 4,074,501 to Sandquist.
Sandquist shows a groove formed in a beveled bore. The edges of a ~ .
~ 3 ~
countersunk screw head fit into the groove, and tend to prohibit backward motion of the screw.
U.S. Patent 4,380,413 to George G. Dewey, which is owned by the assignee of the present invention, shows a screw and washer combination in which the head of a screw is loosely captivated within a recess in the washer.
Accordingly, the present invention seeks to provide a roofing insulation washer which prevents backward motion of a screw during vibration.
Further, the invention seeks to provide a washer with means to easily and positively engage the head of a fastener used therewith.
Still further, the present invention seeks to provide a washer with means for firmly and resiliently gripping the head of a fastener used therewith.
Further still, the invention seeks to provide a washer in which engagement between the washer and the head of a fastener is easily obtained.
Summary Of The Invention The invention in one broad aspect provides a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a resilient non-metallic body having a central throughbore, a shoulder formed in the throughbore for engaging the head of a fastener, the shoulder defining and separating upper and lower portions of said throughbore, the upper portion 1 3 ~
having a ma~imum lateral dimension greater than that of the lower portion. Restraining means is formed in the upper portion of the throughbore for engaging a portion of the fastener head and resilient head pushing means is formed on the shoulder for urging the fastener head into engagement with the restraining means.
Another aspect of the invention provides a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough and the washer including an axially extending hub projecting froEn the flange. Gripping means receive and hold the head in a fixed position relative to the flange, the gripping means including a resilient generally cylindrical upstanding protrusion disposed around the aperture, the protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed on an upper inner portion of the protrusion. The protrusion is located on the washer so as to provide a space for radially outward deflection of the protrusion as the head snaps past the lip. The protrusion is disposed in a recess in an upper surface of the flange.
Still further, the invention comprehends a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank and with a batten strip, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an , . , ~ 3 ~
aperture extending therethrough and the aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to the flange. A
resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion has an axis generally co-axial with the axis of the aperture, the protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed at an upper free end of the protrusion. The protrusion extends in a first axial direction and is disposed on the washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of the free end as the head snaps past the lip upon insertion of the screw into the aperture.
The washer has an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite the first axial direction, the hub having means formed thereon for engaging the batten strip, the means including shoulder means formed on legs extending radially of said hub and generally facing the flange. The washer includes an axially extending rib disposed between the protrusion and the aperture for resiliently holding the head in contact with the lip.
Further still, there is provided a washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank, the washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough with the aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to the flange. A resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion has an axis generally co-axial with the axis of the 2b ~3~ 3~
aperture, the protrusions including a radially inwardly ext:ending lip disposed at an upper free end of the protrusion.
The protrusion extends in a first axial direction and is disposed on the washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of the free end as the head snaps past the lip upon insertion of the screw into the aperture. The washer has an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite the first axial direction, the protrusion being disposed within a recess in an upper surface of the flange and lying completely within the recess.
Brief Description Of The Drawings Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following specifications read with reference to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a washer embodying the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevational view in partial section of the washer shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the washer taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1.
, ~, 3 ~ 3 ~
1 Fig. 4 is a cop plan view of another embodiment of the present invent ion .
Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 S and 5.
Fig. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken along lines 7-7 of Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the top of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a side elevational view of the washer shown in Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the third embodiment of a washer of the present invention taken along line 10-10 of Fig. 8.
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the top of a fourth embodiment of a washer of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a plan view of the bottom of the washer shown in Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 in Fig. 11.
1 Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the washer shown in Figs. 11 through 13 in combination with a screw head retaining insert.
Detailed Description of the Invention Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the invention in which the washer 10 is comprised of a laterally extending flange 11 having a central aperture 12 and a protruding hub 23. A recess 14 is formed in the upper side 22 of the flange 11. '~ithin the recess 14 there is a cylindrical protrusion or boss 15 which extends in an axial direction upwardly from a shoulder 20. The boss 15 is spaced laterally fr~m the aperture 12. Between the boss 15 and the aperture 12 there is a smaller axially extending protrusion in the form of a rib 17. An overhanging lip 16 i~ formed on the inner free end of t~e boss 15~
As shown in Fig. 2, a screw 30 has a head 31 which is gripped by the rib 17 and the boss 15. T'ne rib 17 is a resilient tapering rib which engages the underside 32 of the screw head. At t'ne same time, the lip 16 engages the peripheral edge 33 of the top side of the screw head.
The details of the shape of the boss 15 are important. The upper portion of the lip 16 is sloped to act as a guide for the screw head 31.
The inner wall 18 of the boss 15 is generally parallel to the axis of the aperture 12, while the outside wall 19 of the boss 15 is sloped inwardly fro~ bot~om to top. By placing the boss 15 in the recess 14, two benefits are obtained. First, the upper end of the boss 15 has a 13~ ~ ~$ ~ ~
1 space into which it may deflect during ehe movement of ehe screw head :31 passed the lip 16. It has been found that the shape as shown in ]ig. 3 allows lateral deflection of the boss 15 without resultant damage thereto. Also, because the boss 15 is positioned well below the 5 surface 22 on the upper side of the washer, if a screw head fails to snap pass tbe lip 16, it will not interfere with a membrane draped over the washer. Vibrations resulting from wind or from sources within a structure can cause loosening and backward motion of roofing screws.
The present invention minimizes the possibility of a screw backing up to a point where the screw head 31 projects above the upper surface 22 of the washer.
Figs. 4-7 show an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
In Figs. 4-7 the designation "a" following a refer2nce numeral is used to designate elements which correspond to the embodiment shown in Figs.
1-3.
The embodiment of Figs. 4-7 is intended to be used with a batten strip, as shown in Fig. 7. Batten strips are used to attach edges of roofing membranes. The strips are then covered with a membrane sheet which is adhesively attached to a section of underlying membrane adjacent to the batten strip. Thus, the problem of screw heads tending to loosen and puncture overlying membrane sheets is present with the use of batten strips in a manner similar to the problem associated with insulation fastening as discussed above.
1 3 ~
1 The embodiment of Figs. 4-7 is similar to the e~bodiment of Figs.
1-3 in that the washer lOa includes a laterally extending flange lla and an axially excending cylindrical protrusion of boss 15a surrounds an aperture 12a extending through the washer. m e washer further includes a hub 23a depending from the bottom side of the washer.
However, the hub has two legs 24 and 25 which are separated by a slot 29. The legs 24 and 25 have a circumferential notch 26 formed on the outside surface thereof. The notch 26 forms a shoulder 27 which engages a batten strip 40 as the washer is inserted through an aperture 41 in the batten strip.
The cooperation between the boss 15a and I screw heat is substantially the same as the cooperaCion described with reference to the boss 15 and the screw 30 shown in Fig. 2 and discussed above.
Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show a third embodiment of the invention for which the designation "C" is used following reference numbers. The third embodiment is a washer designated generally with the reference number lOc. It includes a wide laterally extending flange 11~, and a central throughbore 12c. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the upper surface of the flange llc. Fig. 9 shows a hub 23c depending from the bottom surface of the washer.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a cross-section through the throughbore of the ~asher lOc. A shoulder 20c divides the throughbore into an upper portion 56c and a lower portion 57c is substantially less than the maximum latter dimension of any part of the upper 13~3~
1 portion 56c. The upper portion includes a shallow recess 14c in the extreme upper surface of the washer. ~elow the shallow recess 14c a series of axially extending spirally disposed ribs 61c. The spiral configuration of the series of ribs can best be seen in Fig. 8. The innermost edges of each of the ribs 61c is tapered such that the edges of the ribs form portions of a truncated cone having a wider opening at its upper end and a narrower opening at its lower end.
At the lower end of the series of ribs 61c tXere is an annular radially inwardly extending lip 16c, which operates in a manner similar to the lip 16 of the embodiment described earlier. The lip 16c cooperates with the rib 17c, which is disposed on the shoulder 20c, to resiliently retain the head of a fastener. The rib 17c deflects an amount sufficient to allow the head of a fastener to snap past the lip 16c, and rib 17c is resilient so that it can push the head of a fastener into gripping engagement with the lip 16c.
The spiral disposition of the ribs 61c is such that retrograde or upward motion of a threaded fastener is severly restricted. However, the insertion of a threaded fastener in a clockwise direction is facilitated by the orientation of the ribs as shown in Fig. 8.
Specifically, a plane 70c which bisects a rib 61c is offset from a plane 71c which is parallel to plane 70c and which bisects the central axis 73c of the washer. It has been found that the offset between planes 70c and 71c should preferably be-approximatel~ 0.05 inches when the ribs are shaped in a manner similar to those shown in Fig. 8.
~ 3 ~ c~
1 Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention for which a designation 'd' is added to the reference oumbers. This fourth embodiment, generally designated as washer lOd, combines elements of the embodiment of the Figures 4-7 and Figs. 8-10.
The washer lOd is comprised of two components, a central body 81d made of generally resilient material and a flange 82d carried by the central body 81d. The flange 82d contains an octagonal impression 83d formed therein. A mating octagonal configuration is formed on the under surface of the central body 81d to prevent relative rotation of the two components. As with the third embodiment shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the washer lOd is equipped with ribs 61d which are similar in shape and function to the ribs 61c described earlier, and lip 16d cooperates with rib 17d in substantially the same way in which lip 16c cooperates with rib 17c.
lS It should be noted that the undersurface of the flange 82d, shown in Fig. 12, includes edges 93d and corners 94d for~ed by the octagonal impression 83d in the upper surface of the flange 82d. The edges 93d and corners 94d project slightly below the outer clamping surfaces 95d.
This enables the edges 93d and corners 94d to engage a roofing membrane and prevent lateral movement of that membrane. If substantial movement of the membrane occurs at the location of the edges 93d and corners 94d, stress concentration can occur at points of contact between the membrane and a threaded fastener, which can cause early failure of the membrane.
~ 3 ~
1 Another advantage of the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention is in the abilîty of the ribs 61c and 6Ld to melt.
In some roofing application, lapping of adjacent membranes and heat sealing thereof causes roofing insulation washers, like those of the S present invention, to be exposed to high temperatures. When washers like those of the third and fourth embodiment of the present invention are exposed to high temperature, the ribs 61c and 61d melt easily because of their large surface area. When the ribs melt, the material comprising them flows over the head of the fastener and further prevents rotation and backing out of the fastener.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such variations and modifications are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the appendant claims.
Claims (12)
1. A washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, said washer comprising a resilient non-metallic body having a central throughbore, a shoulder formed in said throughbore for engaging the head of a fastener, said shoulder defining and separating upper and lower portions of said throughbore, said upper portion having a maximum lateral dimension greater than that of said lower portion, restraining means formed in said upper portion of said throughbore for engaging a portion of said fastener head, resilient head pushing means formed on said shoulder for urging the fastener head into engagement with said restraining means.
2. A washer in accordance with claim 1 wherein said restraining means comprises a radially inwardly protruding annular lip adapted to snappingly engage the head of a fastener.
3. A washer in accordance with claim 1 wherein said pushing means is an axially extending generally annular rib having a V-shaped cross-section tapering from a wider base portion integrally formed with said shoulder to a narrower crest.
4. A washer in accordance with claim 1 wherein said body has a central hub depending from one side of said washer and a flange in snapped engagement with said hub.
5. A washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a fastener having a head and an elongated shank, said washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough, said washer including an axially extending hub projecting from said flange; gripping means for receiving and holding said head in a fixed position relative to said flange, said gripping means including a resilient generally cylindrical upstanding protrusion disposed around said aperture, said protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed on an upper inner portion of said protrusion, said protrusion being located on said washer so as to provide a space for radially outward deflection of said protrusion as said head snaps past said lip; said protrusion being disposed in a recesss in an upper surface of said flange.
6. A washer according to claim 5 wherein a small resilient axially extending generally circular rib is formed between said aperture and said protrusion.
7. A washer according to claim 5 wherein said protrusion lies completely within said recess.
8. A washer according to claim 5 wherein said protrusion has a generally axially oriented inner surface and a generally frustoconical outer surface.
9. A washer according to claim 5 wherein the lateral extent of said flange is substantially greater than the thickness thereof.
10. A washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank and with a batten strip, said washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough, said aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to said flange, a resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion having an axis generally co-axial with the axis of said aperture, said protrusion including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed at an upper free end of said protrusion, said protrusion extending in a first axial direction and being disposed on said washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of said free end as said head snaps past said lip upon insertion of said screw into said aperture, said washer having an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite said first axial direction, said hub having means formed thereon for engaging said batten strip, said means including shoulder means formed on legs extending radially of said hub and generally facing said flange, said washer including an axially extending rib disposed between said protrusion and said aperture for resiliently holding said head in contact with said lip.
11. A washer for use in attaching insulation to a roof member with a screw having a head and an elongated shank said washer comprising a generally flat flange having an aperture extending therethrough, said aperture having a central axis generally perpendicular to said flange, a resilient generally hollow cylindrical upstanding protrusion having an axis generally co-axial with the axis of said aperture, said protrusions including a radially inwardly extending lip disposed at an upper free end of said protrusion, said protrusion extending in a first axial direction and disposed on said washer so as to provide space radially outward therefrom to allow outward deflection of said free end as said head snaps past said lip upon insertion of said screw into said aperture, said washer having an axially extending hub extending in a direction opposite said first axial direction, said protrusion being disposed within a recess in an upper surface of said flange, said protrusion lying completely within said recess.
12. A washer in accordance with claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11 further comprising a rigid outer flange carried by said body, said flange and said body having mating anti-rotation means to prevent relative rotation thereof, said anti-rotation means comprising an impression stamped into said flange such that said impression projects below outer portions of said flange.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US840,152 | 1986-03-17 | ||
| US06/840,152 US4663910A (en) | 1986-03-17 | 1986-03-17 | Washer for roofing insulation |
| US07/014,878 US4757661A (en) | 1986-03-17 | 1987-02-17 | Washer with axial ribs |
| US014,878 | 1987-02-17 | ||
| CA000531603A CA1294158C (en) | 1986-03-17 | 1987-03-10 | Washer for roofing insulation |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000531603A Division CA1294158C (en) | 1986-03-17 | 1987-03-10 | Washer for roofing insulation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1315135C true CA1315135C (en) | 1993-03-30 |
Family
ID=27167682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000616013A Expired - Lifetime CA1315135C (en) | 1986-03-17 | 1991-02-28 | Washer for roofing insulation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1315135C (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-02-28 CA CA000616013A patent/CA1315135C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) |
Effective date: 20121205 |