CA1306116C - Masonry wall tie - Google Patents

Masonry wall tie

Info

Publication number
CA1306116C
CA1306116C CA000616119A CA616119A CA1306116C CA 1306116 C CA1306116 C CA 1306116C CA 000616119 A CA000616119 A CA 000616119A CA 616119 A CA616119 A CA 616119A CA 1306116 C CA1306116 C CA 1306116C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
wall
tie
plate
tie bar
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA000616119A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael A. Hatzinikolas
Robert M. Pacholok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fero Corp
Original Assignee
Fero Holdings Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB878700603A external-priority patent/GB8700603D0/en
Application filed by Fero Holdings Ltd filed Critical Fero Holdings Ltd
Priority to CA000616119A priority Critical patent/CA1306116C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1306116C publication Critical patent/CA1306116C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E04B1/7612Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
    • E04B1/7616Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space with insulation-layer locating devices combined with wall ties
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178Masonry wall ties
    • E04B1/4185Masonry wall ties for cavity walls with both wall leaves made of masonry

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

MASONRY WALL TIE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A tie assembly is used in a cavity wall having a back up wall and a brick veneer to secure the brick veneer to the back-up wall. The tie assembly includes a plate that is secured to the back-up wall in a vertical orientation, with an tying portion of the plate projecting towards the brick veneer. An insulation retainer is mounted on the plate to retain a layer of insulation against the outer face of the back-up wall. A tie bar is connected to the plate and projects into the mortar between adjacent brick courses. The tie bar is V-shaped with outwardly directed ends to provide a wide keying area with the mortar.

Description

~5L3Q6~

l~[A$QNRY WALL TIE
FIELD OP THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tie assembly ~r caYity walls and more particularly to a ~e assernbly for tying a brick or the like veneer to a back-up wall.
ACKGROUND
With modern construction techniques, the brick ~xt~rior dadding applied to buildings is used plimanly ~ aes~heeic puiposes. Its functional pu}~se is to prevent moisture from coming into contact with interior components of the wall. It is joined ~o the back-up wall using ties extending between the back-up wall and the cladding.
0 The present invention is concerned with improvements ~n a ~all of this general sort where the brick veneer is used as a structural cornponent to resist lateral loads.
The invention accomplishes this through the use af a novel tie assembly that joins the back-up wall and the veneer so as to transmit shear loads therebetween.
SUMMARY
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a tie assembly for a cavity wall having a vertical back-up wall, a vertical brick veneer separated ~rom the back-up wall by a cavity, and a layer of insulation on the back-up wall, inside the cavity, said assembly comprising:
a plate having an inside anchoring portion adapted to be secur~d to the back-up wall, and an outside tying portion;
a tie bar wi~h a bight and ~wo legs projecting to one side of the bight for engagement between courses of the brick veneer;
~e bar engaging means on the outside tying portion of the plate for engaging the bight of ~he tie bal and limiting ~elative movement between the tie bar and the plate;

and insulation retaining means for engaging the tying portion of ~e plate and the layer of insulation to retain the layer of insulation ag~unst the back-up wall.
This provides a simple and effective mechanism for s~curing insulation to ~he face of the baek-up wall.
Ac~rding to another aspect of the present invention, there is a provided a tie bar for use in a caYity wall having a baclc-up wall, a brick veneer s~ac~ from the back-up wall and a tie assembly joining the back-up wall and the brick veneer, the tie assembly comprising a tie plate secured to the back-up wall and the tie bar, which is coupled to the 0 plate and to the brick veneer, wherein the tie bar comprises an elongate bar having a V-shaped centre section and two legs pr~jecting laterally away from the respective ends of the centre section.
A eie bar of this type provides improved anchorage on the larger of mortar in the cladding.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention:
Figure 1 is an isometric view of a wall, partly broken away;
Figure 2 is side ele~ation of the wall of Figure l;
zo Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the effective truss provid~l by ~e wall stnucture o~Figures 1 and 2;
: Figure 4 is an isometric view of a tie;
Figure 5 is an isometric view of a cross leg;
Figure 6 is an isometric view of a leg lock;

~3(~ L6 Figure 7 is an isometric view of a wedge;
Pigure 8 is an isometric view of a tie !bar;
Figure 9 is a detailed view showing the connection of a tie in a wall like that of Figures 1 and 2; and Figu~e 10 is a view like Figure 9 showing the use of the tie in connection with a stud back up wall.
DE~TAILED D~s-RIp~vN
Referring to the aceompanying drawings and pa~ticularly Figures 1 and 2, there ;s illustrated a wall 10 consisting of a back-up wall 12 covered with insulating panels 0 14 and faced with a brick veneer 16 located at some distance from the insulation to provlde a cavity 17 there between. The brick veneer 16 is a conventional brick veneer composed of bricks 18 and mortar 20. The back up wall in this embodiment is forme~ from concrete blocks 22 with mortar joints 24.
The back-up wall 12 and the brick veneer 16 are joined by a plurality of tie assemblies 26. Each tie assembly includes a flat rectangular plate 28, ~ertically oriented, with an anchoring portion embedded in mortar between two concrete blocks 22 in one course. The anchoring portion of the plate 28 has a pair of cross legs 30 extending laterally through fastening openings 32 in the plate and embedded in the mort~r between two courses of concrete blocks 22. The eross legs firmly bond the plate to the back up 20 wall.
Along tlle outer edge of the plate 28 is a series of tie openings 34. They accommodate a V-shaped tie bar 36 that has its legs embedded in the mortar Ibetween two cs)urses of bricks 18.
The plate 28 is also pro~vided with a series of retainer openings 38 that ~3~6 accommodate a wedge-shaped retainer 40 to retain the insulation panels 14 against the outer face of the back up wall 12.
~ aeferring to Figures 2 and 3, the back-up wall is typically supported on a floor slab 41. At the top, it is retained against lateral displacement by two intermediate lateral supports 42 and 43 secured to the next highest floor slab 44. A flange 45 on the lateral support 43 e~tends over the top of the insulating pan~ls, the wall cavity 17 and at least part of the brick veneer 16. At the boetom, a support 46 secured to the floor slab 41 supports the brick veneer. The tie assemblies 26 Join the veneer and the back-up ~,vall at spaced points to produce an effective truss structure as illustrated schematically in Figure o 3.
Referring to Figure 3, the truss 50 has an inner member 52, an outer member 54 and shear legs 56 joining the ewo. The inner member is supported against lateral defleceion at its upper and lower ends.
A lateral loading on the wall, such as the loading schematically represented at 62, eauses the composite wall structure to act as a truss, with the inner member 52 acting as the tension member and the outer member 54 as the compression member. In a physical wall, a loading of this sort may be caused, for example3 by winds or earthquakes.
In ~onventional cavity walls, the brick veneer is tied to the back-up wall with eies that will not sustain a shear loading, so that this effective truss structure is not 20 provided. In the absence of the truss, the back-up wall sustains all of the lateral loads and must there~e be much stronger than is the case where the brick veneer ~ntributes to hteral load resistance.
For leeward wind loads, ~at is loads acting in the opposite direction from that illust~ted at 62 in Figure 3, ~e brick veneer seTves as a tension member, while the ~3 b~ck-up wall acts as a compression member.
The detail~d configuration of the tie assembly is illustrated in Figures 4 through 8. The plate 28 is of rectangular form and has the i~our fastening openings 32 arr~nged in a rectangular array, with two openings adjacent the top edge and two openings adjacent the ~ottom edge. El~ven tie bar openings 34 are spaced along the outermost edge of the plate, while three rectangular retainer openings 38 are located generally ~entrally between the top and bottom edges of the plate and spaced along the plate between ~he outer tying portion and ~he inner anchoIing portion.
The cross legs 30 are illustrated most particularly in Figure 5. Each is a 0 round bar with a v-shaped of~set 66 at the centre and a cIimp 64 to one side of the offset.
The crimp in the tie bar is configured so that it cannot pass through the fastening opening 32. A leg lock 68 for the cross leg is illustrated in Figure 6. This is a square of stiff material with a circular opening 6g adjacent one edge and a series of radial slits 67 projecting from the radial c~pening. The leg lock may be flexed to -fit over that portion of the cross leg 30 adjacent the offset 66, on the side of plate 28 opposite the cnmp 64.
Thus, the crimp and the leg lock will cooperate to retain a cross leg in Position when it is installed through a fastening opening with the of~set 66 in the centre posi~ion.The wedge retainer 40 as illustrated most particularly in Figure 7. This is a wedge-shaped bar with a smooth inner face that engages the insulating panel and a serrated 20 outer face 70 that serves to grip the con~ronting edge of the retainer opening 38 to prevent unwanted displacement of the retainer 40 out of the opelling 38.
The tie bar 36 is generally V-shaped, with a bight 72, divergent legs 74 and oppositely projecting leg end sections 76. In ~e installed condition of the tie bar, ~e bight 72 is centered in one of the tie openings 34 and the legs and leg ends ~e seated in the ~,3C~

mortar between two courses of brick.
Figure 9 illustrates the installation oî the tie assembly in a cavity wall with an insula~ion layer and a concrete block back-up wall. The cross legs 30 pas5. through the bottom fastening openings 32 and are seated in a layer of mortar 24 between two concrete blocks 22. The triangular tie bar 36 extends from ~e uppermost tie opening 34 directly into the mortar 20 bet veen ewo courses of bricks 18. In installing the stIucture, the tie bar is inserted in whichever of the tie openings 34 that will provide this relationship.
In this embodiment~ the retainer openings 78 are circul~r and a circular pin 80 serves as the insulation retainer, retaining the layer of insulation 14 against the concrete 0 block back-up wall. Where desired, the cores of the concrete block can be reinforced and/or grouted to improve the performance of the entire system.
Figure 10 illustrates the use of a tie assembly similar to that in Figure 9 for securing a brick veneer to a stud wall. In this case, the plate 28 is secured to a wooden stud 82 by four nails 84 through the fastening openings 32.
Where metal studs ar~ used, the nails will be replaced by appropriate screws ~r other fasteners.
While particula~ embodiments of the present invention have been described in the foregoing, it is to be understood that other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, the shape and dimensions of the plate 28 may 20 vary widely according to ~e strength, wall dimensions and other physical characteristics of the particular application. The ~e bars 36 may also vary in form~ provided only that the key to ~e mortar 20 between the bncks is adequate to transmit to ~e plate loadings in all orientations within the plane of the plate. Thus, the invention is to be considered limited solely by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

(1) A tie assembly for a cavity wall having a vertical back-up wall, a vertical brick veneer separated from the back-up wall by a cavity, and a layer of insulation on the back-up wall, inside the cavity, said assembly comprising:
a plate having an inside anchoring portion adapted to be secured to the back-up wall, and an outside tying portion;
a tie bar with a bight and two legs projecting to one side of the bight for engagement between courses of the brick veneer;
tie bar engaging means on the outside tying portion of the plate for engaging the bight of the tie bar and limiting relative movement between the tie bar and the plate;
and insulation retaining means for engaging the tying portion of the plate and the layer of insulation to retain the layer of insulation against the back-up wall.
(2) An assembly according to claim 1 wherein the insulation retaining means comprise at least one retainer aperture through the plate between the fastener openings and the tie engagement means, and a cross member engageable through the retainer aperture.
(3) An assembly according to claim 2 including a plurality of retainer apertures spaced between the anchoring and tying portions of the plate.
(4) An assembly according to claim 3 wherein the retainer apertures are rectangular.
(5) An assembly according to claim 4 wherein the cross member is a wedge.
(6) An assembly according to claim 5 wherein the wedge has a serrated face.
(7) An assembly according to claim 3 wherein the retainer apertures are circular.
(8) An assembly according to claim 7 wherein the cross member is a pin.
(9) A tie bar for use in a cavity wall having a back-up wall, a brick veneer spaced from the back-up wall. and a tie assembly joining the back-up wall and the brick veneer, the tie assembly composing a tie plate secured to the back-up wall and the tie bar, which is coupled to the plate and to the brick veneer, wherein the tie bar comprises an elongate bar having a V-shaped centre section and two legs projecting laterally away from the respective ends of the centre section.
CA000616119A 1987-01-14 1991-07-16 Masonry wall tie Expired - Lifetime CA1306116C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000616119A CA1306116C (en) 1987-01-14 1991-07-16 Masonry wall tie

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB87000603 1987-01-14
GB878700603A GB8700603D0 (en) 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 Shear connector
CA000616119A CA1306116C (en) 1987-01-14 1991-07-16 Masonry wall tie

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000556467A Division CA1294457C (en) 1987-01-14 1988-01-13 Shear connector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1306116C true CA1306116C (en) 1992-08-11

Family

ID=25673228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000616119A Expired - Lifetime CA1306116C (en) 1987-01-14 1991-07-16 Masonry wall tie

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1306116C (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8347581B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2013-01-08 Reward Wall Systems, Inc. Adjustable masonry anchor assembly for use with insulating concrete form systems
US8544228B2 (en) 2009-10-27 2013-10-01 Joseph Bronner Winged anchor and spiked spacer for veneer wall tie connection system and method
US8893452B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2014-11-25 Michael Hatzinikolas Tie system for connecting a veneer wall to a cementitious backup wall
US10221559B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2019-03-05 Michael Hatzinikolas Wall tie apparatus and method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8347581B2 (en) 2006-10-18 2013-01-08 Reward Wall Systems, Inc. Adjustable masonry anchor assembly for use with insulating concrete form systems
US10221559B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2019-03-05 Michael Hatzinikolas Wall tie apparatus and method
US8544228B2 (en) 2009-10-27 2013-10-01 Joseph Bronner Winged anchor and spiked spacer for veneer wall tie connection system and method
US8893452B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2014-11-25 Michael Hatzinikolas Tie system for connecting a veneer wall to a cementitious backup wall

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