CA1304230C - Separating apparatus - Google Patents
Separating apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1304230C CA1304230C CA000557592A CA557592A CA1304230C CA 1304230 C CA1304230 C CA 1304230C CA 000557592 A CA000557592 A CA 000557592A CA 557592 A CA557592 A CA 557592A CA 1304230 C CA1304230 C CA 1304230C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- crop
- auger
- screen
- parts
- grain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/06—Combines with headers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D61/00—Elevators or conveyors for binders or combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Outside Dividers And Delivering Mechanisms For Harvesters (AREA)
Abstract
SEPARATING APPARATUS
ABSTRACT
Harvesting apparatus comprising a mobile frame, and stripping means for detaching from standing crop predetermined required parts of the crop such as grain, leaving stripped stems in the field. The harvested crop mixture contains a high proportion of free grain which has been threshed by the stripping means, and this is separated from the crop mixture before the crop mixture is passed to the threshing drum. In one form of the invention an apertured screen 40 is provided beneath a transverse conveying auger so that free grain passes through the screen while the crop mixture is being conveyed towards the threshing means. Separated free grain is collected and transported to the normal cleaning and separating mechanism of the combine harvester after the threshing drum.
ABSTRACT
Harvesting apparatus comprising a mobile frame, and stripping means for detaching from standing crop predetermined required parts of the crop such as grain, leaving stripped stems in the field. The harvested crop mixture contains a high proportion of free grain which has been threshed by the stripping means, and this is separated from the crop mixture before the crop mixture is passed to the threshing drum. In one form of the invention an apertured screen 40 is provided beneath a transverse conveying auger so that free grain passes through the screen while the crop mixture is being conveyed towards the threshing means. Separated free grain is collected and transported to the normal cleaning and separating mechanism of the combine harvester after the threshing drum.
Description
XEROX TE
., ~ .
1 ~.3~)~L2~a~
,~
~, ~j SEPAR~'l' ll~G APP~Rl~'~U~;
~5 The present invention relates to apparatus ~or , harvesting erop.
The apparatus is concerned with harvestlng 05 apparatus for detaching grain, or other required portions of a crop, from a standing crop, to leave the ' remaining stripped parts of the crop standlng in the ~ield~ The invention has particular application ln the harvesting of grain crops, such as wheat, oats, barley and rice. There have bean proposed previously a larg~
number of different forms of appara~us for ~tripping crop in this way, and the presen~ invention ts :~. particularly applicable in connection with the.
apparatus and method set out in our previou~ patent ;
I ! 15 applicationS WO 86/019~2 (NRDC). In such apparatu~ one of the main advantages is that the erop mixture leavl~g i the stripping means has a much lower portion o~
unwanted material than i~ the case with a conventional cutting table of a combine harves~er. Howe~er, the mlxture leaving the stripper still cont~in3 unwanted material such as straw, and the mix~ure is th~refore fed to a threshing means:for separating the r~uired crop parts ~uch as the grain.
It has b~en found that, in the ease of a grain ~5 crop, the mixture leaving the stripping means includes a ~ubstantial proportion of free grain, which has in ' , .
~.3~ 3~
effect been threshed by the action of the stripping means. It is one object of the present invention, at least in preferred embodiments, to provide apparatus for separating such free grain from the crop mixture 05 before the crop mixture is passed to a threshing means.
However, in a broader aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide means for separating other free required crop parts from a harvested mixture of free required crop parts and other material.
According to the present invention there is provided apparatus for harvesting crop comprising a mobile frame for movement over the ground, crop stripping means comprising a plurality of outwardly projecting crop stripping elements mounted on a moveable support means in a transverse array across the direction of forward movement of the frame, and drive means for driving the moveable support means to move the crop stripping elements upwardly through the crop as the apparatus moves forwardly, so as to detach from standing crop predetermined required parts of the crop, a conveying auger arranged transverse to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus for receiving detached crop material from the crop stripping means and conveying the crop material transversely to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus, and an apertured screen beneath the auger for separating B
13~a2;i~
required crop parts from the crop material by the required crop parts passing through the apertured screen as the crop material i5 moved over the screen by the auger.
05 The apertured screen may comprise a perforated sheet of material, for example having circular holes, or may be formed by any member suitable to ~orm the base of the pathway under the auger and having apertures which may be circular, rectangular, or of any other appropriate shape. For example the apertured screen may comprise a grill or grating.
The auger may be a conventional single Elight auger, or multiple flight auger, or may have separated paddle flights, or other means for transferring the mixture in an axial direction generally in the ~anner of an auger.
Preferably, the auger is arranged to receive crop material from the crop stripping means across substantially the full width o~ the auger, and to gather the material transversely to an exit from the auger which is narrower than the width of the auger.
For example the auger may be a centre feed auger having a centrally placed exit from the auger.
Preferably the moveable support means is a rotor mounted for rotation about an axis transverse to the direction of movement of the apparatus.
~3~
~ 4 --In one preferred arrangement, there is provided a brush or other ~lexible material attached to the outer edge o~ the auger flight, for facilitating passage of free crop parts through the apertured screen by 05 sweeping the crop material across the screen. In addition, or as an alternative, there may be included a series of flexible paddles mounted on a central core of the auger, for sweeping over the apertured screen and for urging free crop parts through the screen.
The ~invention has particular use in apparatus in which the said auger is a feed auger for collecting crop mixture from the full width of an array of stripping elements, and for gathering the crop mixture for onward conveying to a threshing means.
In a preferred form the apparatus includes threshing means arranged to receive from the auger crop material which has been conveyed over the screen.
Preferably the apparatus includes further conveying means for collecting required crop parts which have passed through the perforated screen, and for conveying these required crop parts to join further required crop parts which have been separated by the said threshing means.
The invention has particular use where the apparatus is adapted to strip free grain and grain heads from a standing grain crop, the said apertured X~I~UX T t' ~
3~3 ., j 5 ~areen being dimensioned to allow ~ree grain to ~a~a through the apertures while preventing pa~sa~e of ~ra~n head~.
The apparatus has particular application in a 05 harve~ting apparatus of the kind set out in our publi~hed patent application No: WO 86/01972. The pr~3ent inv~ntion has particular use where a mobile harvesting apparatus includes crop strippin~ elements mounted on a rotor, eaah of the element~ having a di~crete narrow tip for entering into and dividing crop, and haviny edges for detaching re~u~red cro~
parts, the sides of the elements diverging from each , j other in a direction away from the distal tip of the ! 3i:
element, and each crop stripping el~m~nt hav~n~ a , .
! j 15 tran~verse surface between the said diver~ing ~ides for impelling the detached crop parts along a crop flow I pa~sage~ the drive mean~ being arranged to drive the ¦ crop stripping elements at a speed such that detached crop parts do not reside to any substantial ~xt~nt on 2Q the moving crop strlpping elements, and the arrangement being such as to deliver from the rotor a high-~peed st~eam of detached crop parts in a wide crop ~tr~am extending transverse to ~he direction of for~ard movement of ~he apparatus. Such a wide crop stream i~
then conveniently collected centrally by a tran~verse . au~er, which in accordance with the invention aan be XEROX TEI
;
~-3~
~ade to serve an additional function o~ separating crop parts from the mixture by the use of the aper9;ured scr ee n benea th th e aug er .
The u~e of the present invention in such apparatus 05 may be used to increase the grain through-put when the harvested grain crop is passed to a conventional combirle harve3ter, and also to reduce th¢ amount of damage to seed caused by the severe action of the thre~h ing drum. It is known that the composition of 10 the material harvested by a stripping rotor of the k~nd set out abc>ve contain~ between 20% and 72% of free ~rain (an average value may be 47% ) that ha~ b~en thr~hed by the action of the s~ripping ro~or. I this amount of grain can be separated from the main flow o 15 material into the combine threshing and separatlng mechanism, it will (a) not pass through the threslhing drum and risk damage, and (b) reduce the amount o~
grain to be separated by the drum and iEollowing ~eparating system, whether ~chis system ~on~lsts of 20 straw walkers, an axial flow separating ~y~tem7 or multi-drum type, or other type of grain/~traw ~epara~ing mecharlism. Reducing the loading on ths~e components allows an increase in the grain harve~ti~
capacity of the com~ine harvester.
Embodiments of the invention will now bs de~c~ib~d by way o example with r~ference ~o the accompanying drawlngs in wh ich :~
~nu~ I c~ . .
-- 7 -- .
~ igure 1 is a diagrarnmatic side view of ap~aratue ~or separating free grain from a mixture of grain and other material in a mobile harvestin~ apparatu~s Figure 2 is a perspec~ive view of part o~ a 05 conve~ing auger shown in Figure 1, and ~mbodyin~ the invention;
~ igure 3 is a perspective view of a modificatlon of the conveying auger of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an elevator shown in Figure 1; and Figure 5 is a front view of a crop stripping rotor suitable for use in the apparatus of Pi~ure 1.
~ e~erring to Figures 1 and 5, the apparatu~ shown by way o~ example is a harvesting apparatu6 for ~tripping grain frcm a cereal crop. The apparatu~
com~rises a mobile frame 12 on which is mounted a rotor 11~ carrying outwardly projecting crop engaging elements 15~ The rotor 11 is driven in the so-callsd overshot mode so ~hat the crop engaging element~ lS are moved in an upward direction at the ~ront of th~
apparatus. A hood or cover 18 extends around at least part of the fxont half of the rotor and define~ w1th ~he rotor elements 15 a crop 10w passag~ 33 along which crop is conveyed by the rotor.
~5 In operation, rotation of the rotor 11 moves the crop engagin~ elements 15 so that the di~tal tip~ oE
XEROX TEL
i'`' ' .
~30~L~310 3 the elements enter the crop with minimum disturbance o the stems of the crop, the elements 15 then ~ove upwardly through the crop, gatheri~g one or more crop stems. As the elements 15 reach the upper part3 of the 05 cro~ ~he required crop parts, ~or example grain, are detached ~rom the stems. After detachment, the . r~quired crop parts are conveyed upwardly and ; rearwardly over the rotor 11 and pas~ to a transver~e crop feed auger 27 positioned within a collecting 10 trough 28~ for transferring crop laterally towards the c~ntre o~ the apparatus. ~he crop i6 then transferred rearwardly by a ~latted chain elevator 31 up an j incIined pathway.
Re~rring to Figure 5, the rotor 11 compris~s an 15 inner core 13 and a succession of ~ran~verse comb~ 14 ~paced circumferentially around the rotor~ Each tooth 15 of the comb has s~de edges 16 and 17 whlch diverge ~rom e~ch other in a direction away from the dist~l tip o~ th~ tooth 15. There is provided at the junction of 20 aach adjacent pair of side edges 16 and 17 of adjace~t ¦ teeth 15, an enlarged aperturs 21 formed ~y relieved por~ions of adjacent teeth at the ba~e raglon~ ~hereof.
; In operation material incl~ding fre~ gr~in, ~rain 1 head~, and some straw, is di~lodgad by the ~ide edg~
j 2S and ap~rtures 21 of the teeth 15, and i~ impellsd upwardly and rearwardly along th~ pas~age 33 to the .
~3~ 3 ' . 9 aug~r 27, The gener~l operation of the crop strippin~ rotor 11 may be as set out in our prior E~ublished patent ~pplicat~on WO 86/01972.
05 With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the ba~e of the auger trough 28 is constructed ~rom perforated material - forming an apertured screen 40, the perforated material hav~n~ an aperture size best suited to the type of ~ ~rain being harvested. For cereal crop~ the best size i 10 may be 12 mm round holes, but this can ran~e from about 8 to 14 mm. Alternatively ths hole6 could be ~guare, rectangular or any other suitable shape- The 1 p~rforated materi~l may form the total area of the au~er trou~h, or simply form part of it along th~ ~xis o~ the auger, with non-perfora~ed sheet ~orming the ' remainder.
'I By necessity, tha auger usually h~s a alearance of about 10 mm be~ween itself and the auger trough.
Embodiments of the invention may include such an ~ arran~ement, but preferably, for sep~ration to be more effective, the perfo~ated material may b~ ~wept ~y a brush or flexible material attached to the auger.
~eferring to Figure ~ there is shown a modi~ic~t~on of the apparatus in which rubber or other flexi~le paddles ~1 are mounted on ~he core of the auger, following tAe au~er ~crew over the full length o~ the auger. Al~o XEROX TEI
.~'.
.~ ' ' ' .
~ 23~
. 10 W
shown in Figure 4, brush or other flexible material 42 . is attached to the outer edge of the auger flight over the ~ull length of the auger~ Both elements are intended to sweep the perforated screen area 05 intermi~tently, and the two forms ~ sweeping el~ment may be provided as alternatives, or in combination~
Beneath the perforated auger trough 28 is prov~ded a further auger 43, shown in Figure 1, for collecting free gr~in and transporting the grain. Where the 1~ appara~u~ comprises a grain stripping header fitted to a conventional combine harvester, the grain 6eparated at the perforated screan 40 is conven~ently conveyed by the au~er 43 and by a ~urther upwardly inclined ~lsvator 44 to the grain p~n of thé conventional lS comb~ne harvester, for cleaning by the combine ~ieve~.
Referring now to Figures 1 and ~, an additional separating of free grain from the mixture may be ~chieved by an apertured screen 50 forming ths ba~e of the pathway along which crop is elevat~d hy the chain and slat elevator 31. The apertured ~creen 5Q may b~
~ormed of per~orated material such as has b~en . ~e~cribed previously.
Material passing through the perforat0d ~creen 50 iv is collec~ed in a trough 51 ~nd oonveyed tr~n~verEely 'I 25 by a ~urther auger 52~ The free grain i~ ~hen transferred by a fur~her inclined eleva~or 53 to the i " ~3~23~
cleaning system of the combine. The material leaving the elevator 31 passes to a threshing drum 54 Grain threshed rom the drum 54 then passes to the grain pan or straw walkers 55 for separation and cleaning in the 05 usual way. Any un-threshed heads that may be collected by the pre-separator system formed by the two perforated screens 40 and 50, will be returned to the combine threshing drum 54 by way of the normal returns system.
In the main form of the present invention, in which -there is provided a transverse auger for conveying and separating a mixture of free grain and grain heads and other material, there may be provided a modification in which roughened elements are attached to the outer surface of the auger flights, and/or to the auger pan, so as to obtain a degree of threshing of unthreshed or partly threshed material, while the material is moved transversely over the auger pan. The roughened elements may be strips of metal of similar 2~ nature to conventional rasp bars in a conventional threshing cylinder.
Thus in accordance with this feature of the invention, there may be provided on the conveying ` means r and/or along the pathway over which the conveying means conveys crop material, threshing ~, .
~1 3~1~23~
members for effecting threshing of crop material during conveying by conveying means~
Another modification which may be provided of an embodiment of the invention when utilising an auger 05 conveying means, is that the auger pan may comprise a number of easily replaceable sections allowing changes of aperture size for widely differing crops.
Alternatively the auger pan may be formed from adjustable aperture sieve sections.
B
., ~ .
1 ~.3~)~L2~a~
,~
~, ~j SEPAR~'l' ll~G APP~Rl~'~U~;
~5 The present invention relates to apparatus ~or , harvesting erop.
The apparatus is concerned with harvestlng 05 apparatus for detaching grain, or other required portions of a crop, from a standing crop, to leave the ' remaining stripped parts of the crop standlng in the ~ield~ The invention has particular application ln the harvesting of grain crops, such as wheat, oats, barley and rice. There have bean proposed previously a larg~
number of different forms of appara~us for ~tripping crop in this way, and the presen~ invention ts :~. particularly applicable in connection with the.
apparatus and method set out in our previou~ patent ;
I ! 15 applicationS WO 86/019~2 (NRDC). In such apparatu~ one of the main advantages is that the erop mixture leavl~g i the stripping means has a much lower portion o~
unwanted material than i~ the case with a conventional cutting table of a combine harves~er. Howe~er, the mlxture leaving the stripper still cont~in3 unwanted material such as straw, and the mix~ure is th~refore fed to a threshing means:for separating the r~uired crop parts ~uch as the grain.
It has b~en found that, in the ease of a grain ~5 crop, the mixture leaving the stripping means includes a ~ubstantial proportion of free grain, which has in ' , .
~.3~ 3~
effect been threshed by the action of the stripping means. It is one object of the present invention, at least in preferred embodiments, to provide apparatus for separating such free grain from the crop mixture 05 before the crop mixture is passed to a threshing means.
However, in a broader aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide means for separating other free required crop parts from a harvested mixture of free required crop parts and other material.
According to the present invention there is provided apparatus for harvesting crop comprising a mobile frame for movement over the ground, crop stripping means comprising a plurality of outwardly projecting crop stripping elements mounted on a moveable support means in a transverse array across the direction of forward movement of the frame, and drive means for driving the moveable support means to move the crop stripping elements upwardly through the crop as the apparatus moves forwardly, so as to detach from standing crop predetermined required parts of the crop, a conveying auger arranged transverse to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus for receiving detached crop material from the crop stripping means and conveying the crop material transversely to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus, and an apertured screen beneath the auger for separating B
13~a2;i~
required crop parts from the crop material by the required crop parts passing through the apertured screen as the crop material i5 moved over the screen by the auger.
05 The apertured screen may comprise a perforated sheet of material, for example having circular holes, or may be formed by any member suitable to ~orm the base of the pathway under the auger and having apertures which may be circular, rectangular, or of any other appropriate shape. For example the apertured screen may comprise a grill or grating.
The auger may be a conventional single Elight auger, or multiple flight auger, or may have separated paddle flights, or other means for transferring the mixture in an axial direction generally in the ~anner of an auger.
Preferably, the auger is arranged to receive crop material from the crop stripping means across substantially the full width o~ the auger, and to gather the material transversely to an exit from the auger which is narrower than the width of the auger.
For example the auger may be a centre feed auger having a centrally placed exit from the auger.
Preferably the moveable support means is a rotor mounted for rotation about an axis transverse to the direction of movement of the apparatus.
~3~
~ 4 --In one preferred arrangement, there is provided a brush or other ~lexible material attached to the outer edge o~ the auger flight, for facilitating passage of free crop parts through the apertured screen by 05 sweeping the crop material across the screen. In addition, or as an alternative, there may be included a series of flexible paddles mounted on a central core of the auger, for sweeping over the apertured screen and for urging free crop parts through the screen.
The ~invention has particular use in apparatus in which the said auger is a feed auger for collecting crop mixture from the full width of an array of stripping elements, and for gathering the crop mixture for onward conveying to a threshing means.
In a preferred form the apparatus includes threshing means arranged to receive from the auger crop material which has been conveyed over the screen.
Preferably the apparatus includes further conveying means for collecting required crop parts which have passed through the perforated screen, and for conveying these required crop parts to join further required crop parts which have been separated by the said threshing means.
The invention has particular use where the apparatus is adapted to strip free grain and grain heads from a standing grain crop, the said apertured X~I~UX T t' ~
3~3 ., j 5 ~areen being dimensioned to allow ~ree grain to ~a~a through the apertures while preventing pa~sa~e of ~ra~n head~.
The apparatus has particular application in a 05 harve~ting apparatus of the kind set out in our publi~hed patent application No: WO 86/01972. The pr~3ent inv~ntion has particular use where a mobile harvesting apparatus includes crop strippin~ elements mounted on a rotor, eaah of the element~ having a di~crete narrow tip for entering into and dividing crop, and haviny edges for detaching re~u~red cro~
parts, the sides of the elements diverging from each , j other in a direction away from the distal tip of the ! 3i:
element, and each crop stripping el~m~nt hav~n~ a , .
! j 15 tran~verse surface between the said diver~ing ~ides for impelling the detached crop parts along a crop flow I pa~sage~ the drive mean~ being arranged to drive the ¦ crop stripping elements at a speed such that detached crop parts do not reside to any substantial ~xt~nt on 2Q the moving crop strlpping elements, and the arrangement being such as to deliver from the rotor a high-~peed st~eam of detached crop parts in a wide crop ~tr~am extending transverse to ~he direction of for~ard movement of ~he apparatus. Such a wide crop stream i~
then conveniently collected centrally by a tran~verse . au~er, which in accordance with the invention aan be XEROX TEI
;
~-3~
~ade to serve an additional function o~ separating crop parts from the mixture by the use of the aper9;ured scr ee n benea th th e aug er .
The u~e of the present invention in such apparatus 05 may be used to increase the grain through-put when the harvested grain crop is passed to a conventional combirle harve3ter, and also to reduce th¢ amount of damage to seed caused by the severe action of the thre~h ing drum. It is known that the composition of 10 the material harvested by a stripping rotor of the k~nd set out abc>ve contain~ between 20% and 72% of free ~rain (an average value may be 47% ) that ha~ b~en thr~hed by the action of the s~ripping ro~or. I this amount of grain can be separated from the main flow o 15 material into the combine threshing and separatlng mechanism, it will (a) not pass through the threslhing drum and risk damage, and (b) reduce the amount o~
grain to be separated by the drum and iEollowing ~eparating system, whether ~chis system ~on~lsts of 20 straw walkers, an axial flow separating ~y~tem7 or multi-drum type, or other type of grain/~traw ~epara~ing mecharlism. Reducing the loading on ths~e components allows an increase in the grain harve~ti~
capacity of the com~ine harvester.
Embodiments of the invention will now bs de~c~ib~d by way o example with r~ference ~o the accompanying drawlngs in wh ich :~
~nu~ I c~ . .
-- 7 -- .
~ igure 1 is a diagrarnmatic side view of ap~aratue ~or separating free grain from a mixture of grain and other material in a mobile harvestin~ apparatu~s Figure 2 is a perspec~ive view of part o~ a 05 conve~ing auger shown in Figure 1, and ~mbodyin~ the invention;
~ igure 3 is a perspective view of a modificatlon of the conveying auger of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an elevator shown in Figure 1; and Figure 5 is a front view of a crop stripping rotor suitable for use in the apparatus of Pi~ure 1.
~ e~erring to Figures 1 and 5, the apparatu~ shown by way o~ example is a harvesting apparatu6 for ~tripping grain frcm a cereal crop. The apparatu~
com~rises a mobile frame 12 on which is mounted a rotor 11~ carrying outwardly projecting crop engaging elements 15~ The rotor 11 is driven in the so-callsd overshot mode so ~hat the crop engaging element~ lS are moved in an upward direction at the ~ront of th~
apparatus. A hood or cover 18 extends around at least part of the fxont half of the rotor and define~ w1th ~he rotor elements 15 a crop 10w passag~ 33 along which crop is conveyed by the rotor.
~5 In operation, rotation of the rotor 11 moves the crop engagin~ elements 15 so that the di~tal tip~ oE
XEROX TEL
i'`' ' .
~30~L~310 3 the elements enter the crop with minimum disturbance o the stems of the crop, the elements 15 then ~ove upwardly through the crop, gatheri~g one or more crop stems. As the elements 15 reach the upper part3 of the 05 cro~ ~he required crop parts, ~or example grain, are detached ~rom the stems. After detachment, the . r~quired crop parts are conveyed upwardly and ; rearwardly over the rotor 11 and pas~ to a transver~e crop feed auger 27 positioned within a collecting 10 trough 28~ for transferring crop laterally towards the c~ntre o~ the apparatus. ~he crop i6 then transferred rearwardly by a ~latted chain elevator 31 up an j incIined pathway.
Re~rring to Figure 5, the rotor 11 compris~s an 15 inner core 13 and a succession of ~ran~verse comb~ 14 ~paced circumferentially around the rotor~ Each tooth 15 of the comb has s~de edges 16 and 17 whlch diverge ~rom e~ch other in a direction away from the dist~l tip o~ th~ tooth 15. There is provided at the junction of 20 aach adjacent pair of side edges 16 and 17 of adjace~t ¦ teeth 15, an enlarged aperturs 21 formed ~y relieved por~ions of adjacent teeth at the ba~e raglon~ ~hereof.
; In operation material incl~ding fre~ gr~in, ~rain 1 head~, and some straw, is di~lodgad by the ~ide edg~
j 2S and ap~rtures 21 of the teeth 15, and i~ impellsd upwardly and rearwardly along th~ pas~age 33 to the .
~3~ 3 ' . 9 aug~r 27, The gener~l operation of the crop strippin~ rotor 11 may be as set out in our prior E~ublished patent ~pplicat~on WO 86/01972.
05 With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the ba~e of the auger trough 28 is constructed ~rom perforated material - forming an apertured screen 40, the perforated material hav~n~ an aperture size best suited to the type of ~ ~rain being harvested. For cereal crop~ the best size i 10 may be 12 mm round holes, but this can ran~e from about 8 to 14 mm. Alternatively ths hole6 could be ~guare, rectangular or any other suitable shape- The 1 p~rforated materi~l may form the total area of the au~er trou~h, or simply form part of it along th~ ~xis o~ the auger, with non-perfora~ed sheet ~orming the ' remainder.
'I By necessity, tha auger usually h~s a alearance of about 10 mm be~ween itself and the auger trough.
Embodiments of the invention may include such an ~ arran~ement, but preferably, for sep~ration to be more effective, the perfo~ated material may b~ ~wept ~y a brush or flexible material attached to the auger.
~eferring to Figure ~ there is shown a modi~ic~t~on of the apparatus in which rubber or other flexi~le paddles ~1 are mounted on ~he core of the auger, following tAe au~er ~crew over the full length o~ the auger. Al~o XEROX TEI
.~'.
.~ ' ' ' .
~ 23~
. 10 W
shown in Figure 4, brush or other flexible material 42 . is attached to the outer edge of the auger flight over the ~ull length of the auger~ Both elements are intended to sweep the perforated screen area 05 intermi~tently, and the two forms ~ sweeping el~ment may be provided as alternatives, or in combination~
Beneath the perforated auger trough 28 is prov~ded a further auger 43, shown in Figure 1, for collecting free gr~in and transporting the grain. Where the 1~ appara~u~ comprises a grain stripping header fitted to a conventional combine harvester, the grain 6eparated at the perforated screan 40 is conven~ently conveyed by the au~er 43 and by a ~urther upwardly inclined ~lsvator 44 to the grain p~n of thé conventional lS comb~ne harvester, for cleaning by the combine ~ieve~.
Referring now to Figures 1 and ~, an additional separating of free grain from the mixture may be ~chieved by an apertured screen 50 forming ths ba~e of the pathway along which crop is elevat~d hy the chain and slat elevator 31. The apertured ~creen 5Q may b~
~ormed of per~orated material such as has b~en . ~e~cribed previously.
Material passing through the perforat0d ~creen 50 iv is collec~ed in a trough 51 ~nd oonveyed tr~n~verEely 'I 25 by a ~urther auger 52~ The free grain i~ ~hen transferred by a fur~her inclined eleva~or 53 to the i " ~3~23~
cleaning system of the combine. The material leaving the elevator 31 passes to a threshing drum 54 Grain threshed rom the drum 54 then passes to the grain pan or straw walkers 55 for separation and cleaning in the 05 usual way. Any un-threshed heads that may be collected by the pre-separator system formed by the two perforated screens 40 and 50, will be returned to the combine threshing drum 54 by way of the normal returns system.
In the main form of the present invention, in which -there is provided a transverse auger for conveying and separating a mixture of free grain and grain heads and other material, there may be provided a modification in which roughened elements are attached to the outer surface of the auger flights, and/or to the auger pan, so as to obtain a degree of threshing of unthreshed or partly threshed material, while the material is moved transversely over the auger pan. The roughened elements may be strips of metal of similar 2~ nature to conventional rasp bars in a conventional threshing cylinder.
Thus in accordance with this feature of the invention, there may be provided on the conveying ` means r and/or along the pathway over which the conveying means conveys crop material, threshing ~, .
~1 3~1~23~
members for effecting threshing of crop material during conveying by conveying means~
Another modification which may be provided of an embodiment of the invention when utilising an auger 05 conveying means, is that the auger pan may comprise a number of easily replaceable sections allowing changes of aperture size for widely differing crops.
Alternatively the auger pan may be formed from adjustable aperture sieve sections.
B
Claims (10)
1. Apparatus for harvesting crop comprising a mobile frame for movement over the ground, crop stripping means comprising a plurality of outwardly projecting crop stripping elements mounted on a moveable support means in a transverse array across the direction of forward movement of the frame, and drive means for driving the moveable support means to move the crop stripping elements upwardly through the crop as the apparatus moves forwardly, so as to detach from standing crop predetermined required parts of the crop, a conveying auger arranged transverse to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus for receiving detached crop material from the crop stripping means and conveying the crop material transversely to the direction of forward travel of the apparatus, and an apertured screen beneath the auger for separating required crop parts from the crop material by the required crop parts passing through the apertured screen as the crop material is moved over the screen by the auger.
2. Apparatus according to claim l in which the auger is arranged to receive crop material from the crop stripping means across substantially the full width of the auger, and to gather the material transversely to an exit from the auger which is narrower than the width of the auger.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 in which the auger is a centre feed auger having a centrally placed exit from the auger.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 in which the crop stripping elements are arranged to impel detached crop parts into the auger.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 4 in which the moveable support means is a rotor mounted for rotation about an axis transverse to the direction of movement of the apparatus and in a direction such that the crop stripping elements convey detached crop parts upwardly and rearwardly over the rotor into the auger.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 4 in which there is provided a brush or other flexible material attached to the outer edge of the auger flight, for facilitating passage of free crop parts through the apertured screen by sweeping the crop material across the screen.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 4 including a series of flexible paddles mounted on a central core of the auger, for sweeping over the apertured screen and for urging free crop parts through the screen.
8. Apparatus according to claim 1 including threshing means arranged to receive from the auger crop material which has been conveyed over the screen.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8 including further conveying means for collecting required crop parts which have passed through the perforated screen, and for conveying these required crop parts to join further required crop parts which have been separated by the said threshing means.
10. Apparatus according to claim 1, 4 or 8 in which the apparatus is adapted to strip free grain and grain heads from a standing grain crop, the said apertured screen being dimensioned to allow free grain to pass through the apertures while preventing passage of grain heads.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB878701990A GB8701990D0 (en) | 1987-01-29 | 1987-01-29 | Separating apparatus |
| GB8701990 | 1987-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1304230C true CA1304230C (en) | 1992-06-30 |
Family
ID=10611410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000557592A Expired - Lifetime CA1304230C (en) | 1987-01-29 | 1988-01-28 | Separating apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1304230C (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8701990D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2222508A (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1990-03-14 | Esmond Eaton Kimbell | Grain separator |
| DE4010504A1 (en) * | 1990-04-02 | 1991-10-10 | Claas Ohg | SELF-DRIVING DEVICE FOR HARVESTING SENSITIVE HARVESTING LIKE RIZINUS CAPSULES |
| DE19958880A1 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2001-06-13 | Deere & Co | Harvester |
| US7766736B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2010-08-03 | Deere & Company | Conveyor chain support for feeder house |
| GB0525733D0 (en) * | 2005-12-17 | 2006-01-25 | Agco Do Brasil Com E Ind Stria | Combine harvester |
| DE102014014871B8 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2016-05-19 | Lucian Andrej Fink | Harvesting device for cereals, rice, seeds and grains |
| US9516816B2 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-12-13 | Jose Luis Allochis | Multiple drums conveyor for an agricultural platform |
| US9578806B2 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-02-28 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Agricultural harvester header with retracting paddles for conveying crop material |
| US11317563B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2022-05-03 | IP Machinery Pty Ltd | Feeder device for a draper header |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1925933A1 (en) * | 1969-05-21 | 1970-11-26 | Helwig Schmitt | Grain and straw conveyors for combine harvesters |
| GB1479269A (en) * | 1973-07-25 | 1977-07-13 | Massey Ferguson Sa | Crop harvesting and threshing machines |
-
1987
- 1987-01-29 GB GB878701990A patent/GB8701990D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-01-27 GB GB8801740A patent/GB2200526B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-01-28 CA CA000557592A patent/CA1304230C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2200526B (en) | 1991-01-23 |
| GB8801740D0 (en) | 1988-02-24 |
| GB2200526A (en) | 1988-08-10 |
| GB8701990D0 (en) | 1987-03-04 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |