CA1301623C - Folding chair - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT:
A folding chair comprises left and right A-frames which are connected by fore and aft jointed cross braces. Each A-frame comprises two legs which are pivotally connected at their upper ends. The cross braces are pivotally attached to the legs of the A-frames at the lower end of the braces, and connected to the legs at the upper end of the cross braces with short links forming the upper joint of the cross brace strut. The seat and back of the chair are pivotally connected to one another. The chair folds into a bundle having a length substantially equal to that of the legs of the A-frames.

Description

130i623 BII~CI~GROUND OF T~IE INVENTION~
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1. Field of the Invention:
Tllis invention relates to portable, collapsible furniture such as might be used for camping, sports events, or furnishing in casual areas of the home. More particularly, the folding chair relates to hinged frame chairs with foldable fabric webs ~hich fold to compact size for storage and transport.

` 1301623 2. General Back~round:
I~lding chai,rs are used in a ~ide variety of applications whenever seating must be compacted for transport or storage and erected for use in different locations. Folding chairs have proven useful for such activities as camping, viewing parades, and extra seating abut the home. Portable folding chairs allo~ persons of advanced age or those with medical infirmities greater mo~ility and enjoyment in attending activities a~ay from home simply because personal seating is available when desire~.
t~any types of folding chairs have been developed in the past but have proven to be less than satisfactory due to their uncomfortable nature ~hen erect. Many chairs have ; small seat or back surfaces which make sitting for even short periods uncomfortable. Often seat and back surfaces of ~olding chairs are perched upon small base frames whlch place the occupant in peril of capsize ~ith even the sliglltest movement. Folding chairs are also difficult to erect or collapse without consiaerable a~k~ard time consuming effort by one or more persons. Folding chairs ~hich manage to overcome these disadvantages usually fold . ~
; into unusual shapes which are difficult to transport or store due to their size or loose dangling components. The geometric configuration of a number of folding chairs also fails to allo~ the use of materials of sufficient size and shape to prevent even slight overloading, unavoidable ~...

A t ` 130~623 misuse, or ~ear from severly damaging the folding or seating cl~aracteri~tics of;the chair.
I~or example, U. S. Patent No. 1,977,766 teaches the use of a single standard to support the seat and bac}; of the chair. This allows for an awkward seating position due to the mallner in ~hich the back must be positioned over the se~t. The single standard design further requires that the folded chair be of considerable length for storage and of unstable geometric design.
The Arnold U.S. Patent No. 2,871,921, entitled "Collapsible Folding Chair," shows a airector-type chair having a fabric-type seat having A-frame-type side portions.
l'he French Patent No. i,ll2,257 shows a chair having four cross brace frames. Other patents which show generall~
chair constructions include the Bauer U.S. Patent No, 1,808,201; the ilarber U.S. Patent No. 2,638,970; the Moreland U.S. Patent No. 2,B20,509; the Crandall U.S. Patent No. 398,943: the Dryden U.S. Patent No. 3,000,667: the Watkins U.S. Patent No. 4,118,065) the Roher et al. U.S.
Patent No. 3,635,520; the Connor U.S. Patent No. 2,192,672~
the ~1cQuilkin U.S. Patent No. 2,713,385: and the Lorenz U.S.
Patent No. 2,894,564.
The above paragraph lists patents which ~ere cited during the prosecution o~ the parent application of this applicationl U.S. Serial No. 818,213, filed January 13, l9B6, and now U.S. Patent No. 4,717,201, issued January 5, l9B8.
_ A construction in accordance with the present invention which comprises a folding chair which can be collapsed for storage and erected to provide seating and the like. The folding chair comprises left and right frames r each comprising front and rear legs which are connected together at their upper level portions with a pivot connection; tensile means for defining the degree of rotation of each leg about the pivot connection; fore and aft, folding cross braces, each forming connections respectively between the front legs of each side frame and the rear legs of each side frame and including cross brace jointed struts that can fold upon each other and simultaneously shorten so that the cross bracing means and side frames can simultaneously fold together with a bundle defining a folded position which generally aligns both legs of each side frame and both cross braces of each cross brace. Handle means are provided which are attached at spaced positions when unfolded to the fore and aft cross bracing respectively for folding the cross bracing and the side frames into the "folded" storage position. A seat is supported by the side frames, and includes means for locking the jointed cross braces into an operative position when the chair is in use.
More specifically the folding chair of the invention solves the aforementioned problems by a unique hinged A-frame structure with a seat and back ~b attached to the A-frame. The structure provides a spacious, comfortable seat and back positioned between the A-frames so that the A-frames provide an arm rest and enhanced stability. The seat rotates about the A-frame to provide substantially compact storage within the length of the A-frames. Once the seat is rotated on the A-frames the chair may be folded simply by lifting a strap connected to cross bracing between the A-frames. The cross bracing features two longer braces connected near a central point. Each cross brace is a two-part strut having a smaller upper portion which folds to shorten the overall brace when the chair folds. During folding, the cross braces pivot and collapse into linear alignment with each A-frame which also collapses into linear alignment. The geometric configuration of the chair allows the strength of materials in each member of the seat, cross bracing and A-frames to be used to optimum advantage. This leads to further stability of the chair in the erected position, greater endurance, greater resistance to overloading, and decreased weight.

Collapsible webbing between the A-frames prevents the legs of the A-frames from spreading beyond a certain distance during erection and use of the chair. Members supporting collapsible material of the seat connect to the A-frame on each side when the seat is erected so that the -4a-~30~623 ~eb of the seat will support the weight of a person and retain its erect shape.
~lhe manner in which the A-frames, cross bracing, and seat combine provide a chair which is more stable, more easily collapsible, more easily portable, and of a greater strengtll to ~eight ratio than to other folding chairs.
The present invention provides an improved folding chair having a locking arrangement ~hich rigidly affixes the cross bracing of the chair when the seat portion of the chair is folded into an operative sitting position. ~n improved construction allows a camber or inclination to be incorporated into the legs of the chair so that heavier loads can be carried.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRA~INGS:
better understanding of the invention can be o~tained ~hen the detailed description of the preferred embodiment set forth below is considered in conjunction ~itl- the following drawings, in which:
l~ig. 1 is a perspective view of the folding chair in the erect position;
.; ~.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the folding chair illustrating the manner in ~hich the seat and back pivot on the A-frame as the chair is folded;
Yig, 3 illustrates the manner in which the cross bracing and A-frames fold;

., ;

_5_ ' .

130~623 Fig. 4 is a fragmentary, perspective view ~hich illustrates the catch bet~een the seat frame members and the legs of the frame:
Fig. 5 is a perspective view ~hich illustrates the preferred embo~iment of the apparatus of the -present invelltion in the folded position;
Fig. 6 is a rear view of the preferred embodiment of tlle appar~tus of the pre~ent invention~
Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of the preferred em~odiment of the apparatus of the present invention illustrating the cross brace strut in a locked position: and Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention in a collapsed-unlocked position.

DÆSCI~IPTION OF TI~E PnEFERRED EMBODIMENT:
Figures 1-3 and 5-6 generally depicts the folding chair 10 of the instant invention. Folding chair 10 has a left 12 an~ right 14 A-frame ~hich are held apart in the erected position by front 16 and rear 18 cross braces. A surface 20 for sitting and the like is made of a seat 22 and back 24 wllicll are pivotally connected to the A-frame 12, 14. In the pxeferred embodiment the pivotal connection at the cro~n of each A-frame 12, 14, forms an arm rest 30. For purposes of illustration, the arm rest 30 is only shown on the A-frame 2512. Each A-frame 12, 14 has an arm rest 30.
~.ach arm res~ 30 has a top surface 32 made of ~ood or _ . . .
other materials comfortable for use as an arm rest. As 13016~3 il]ustrated in Fig. 3, a flange 34 protrudes from the bottom of the u~)per surfa~e 32 to which the front 26 and rear 28 leg oE each A-frame 12, 14 is pivotally attached. The ~-frames 12, 14 and arm rests may be attached to the flange 34 by common means such as threaded nuts and bolts. ~ebbing 36 is connected between the front 26 and rear 28 leg of each ~-frame 12, 14 at a preferred position belo~ seat 22.
Webbing 36 is a foldable, fiexible, generally inextensible material ~llich can be attached to tlle front leg 26 and rear ley 2B by appropriate means known in the art.
The front cross brace 16, comprises a first strut member 38 and second strut member 40. The rear cross member 18 comprises a first strut member 42 an second strut member 44. The strut members 38, 40, of front 16 cross brace are pivotally connected near their mid-portions at a pinned conllection by suitable means such as a nut and bolt at pivotal connection 46. The lo~er end of first member 38 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the front leg 26 of left A-frame 12. Similarly, the lower end 40a of second strut member 40 of front cross brace 16 is pivotally conllected to the lower end of the front leg 26 of right ~-frame 14. Likewise, the lower end 42a of first strut member 42 is pivotally connected to the lower end of left ~-frame 12, and the lower end 44a of second strut member 44 of rear cross brace 18 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the rear leg 28 of ri~ht A-frame 14.
The upper strut ends 38b, 42b, 40b, 44b are links _ . .
forming a connection between the A-frames 12, 14 and the lec3s generally opposite tl~e lower strut ends 38a, ~Oa, 42a, 44a.
Seat 22 is comprised of ~oldable material S2 affixed to spaced apart seat frame members 54. Back 24 is composed of fol~lable material 56 affixed to two back frame members 58.
The seat frame members 5~ are pivotally joined to the back frame members 58 by suitable means such as pin 60. Pin 60 places the pivot point of the seat 22 to the rear of the ~-~rames 12, 14. Back frame members 58 are connected pivotally at the bottom to the rear A-frame legs 28 by using lot~er back sleeve 62. Lower back sleeve 62 can easily slide up and down A-frame leg 28, and is attached to leg 28 by appropriate means known in the art. The back frame members 5~ are also connected pivotally to the front A-frame legs 26 by using back sleeve 64. The upper back sleeve can easily slide up and down the back frame member 58. The pivotal connection between upper back sleeves 64 and the front A-frame le~s 26 at the front fastener of brace 34. Members 5~ align with the rear A-frame members 28 when the seat 22 an~ back 24 slide do~n along the A-frame members 28 so the chair may be fully collapsed. Also the elongated bar 66 serves as a supportive member when the chair is erected in keeping the back frame members 58 from moving inward or backward when pressure is applied to the back 24.
Each of the seat support frame members 54 also have a catch 68 which allows each seat frame member to be attached to tlle front leg 26 and the rear leg 28 of the ~-frame _, proximate to each seat support frame member 54. Figure 4 "

130i6;~3 more clearly illustrates lock-catch 68 comprising a large head bolt 68a. Thie bolt 68a is placed on the seat frame mem~er 54 such that its head 68b will fit into and engage a slot 68c in lock 68. A portion of the leg 26 is recessed bellilld the sleeve-lock 48 in order to accommodate tlle scre~
head 68b. The catches 68 retain seat support frame members 54 in a position near the left 12 and right 14 A-frame when ~eiyht is applied to seat 22 and allow seat 2~ to be released so that it will rotate on pin 60 to the storage position. The seat members 54 lock the upper strut members 38b, 40b, 42b, 44b in an operative position as shown in Fi~ure 7 so that the upper and lo~er strut portions are generally aligned. In Figure 8, a inoperative position is sho~n as the strut portions 38a, 38b are being folded.
Struts 40, 42, 44 similarly fold as the strut 38 illustrated in Figure 8.
The rotational alignment of seat frame members 54, back frame members 58, and arm rest 32 should be noted. Arm rest 32 prevents rotation of bac~ support frame members 58 to~ard tlle cro~n of the left 12 and right 14 A-frames once the back 56 reaches a generally vertical and upright position. Tlle distance bet~een seat frame members 54 is narrower than the ~,idth bet~een the left 12 and 14 A-frames. Seat support members 54 are free to rotate past the crown of left 12 and right 14 A-frames to a horizontal position so that they can be locked by catches 68 on the front legs 26 and rear leg 28 _ of the A-frames 12, 14.

~3016~

In order to fold the chair from the erect position illustrated in Figùre 1 to the compact position illustrated in Figures 3 and 5 one initially releases the seat support frame members 54 upwardly and rotates the seat support frame clock~ise as illustrated in Figure 3. The seat 22 and back 24 as a unit ~ill then slide do~n the rear A-frame legs 28 to tlle storage position as illustrated in Figure 5. The struts 38, 40, 42, 44 are then folded as sho~n in Figures 3 alld 8. Note that the length of seat support frame members 54 and back support frame members 58, and cross bracing members 38, 40, 42, 44 is such that in the storage or folded position they do not extend in length beyond the legs 26, 2B
of the A-frames 12, 14 for compact storage. The cross brace struts 38, 40, 42, 44 do not need to be as long as the legs 26, 28, so that the the chair 10 can be more compact and more stable. The chair seat width can be greater as compared to the length of the legs and a camber or inclination can be imparted to the legs ~Figure 6).
A 1exible handle 70, extends between opposite members of tl~e front 16 and rear 18 cross braces. As illustrated in ~igure 3, flexible handle 70 extends bet~een the upper portion of the second cross member 40 and the upper portion of the first strut cross member 42, but may extend between members 38 and 44. Lifting the flexible handle 70 vertically causes the front 16 and rear 18 cross members to collapse ~hile drawing the left 12 and right 14 ~-frames _ together, and further drawing the front 26 and rear 28 legs of ~he ~-frame together. When collapsed, the folding chair assulnes the positio~ illustrated in Figure 5.
In order to erect the chair from the collapsed position of Fi~ure 5 an operator need merely grasp the handles 32 and separate the left 12 and right 14 A-frames the maximum width allo~ed by tlle front 16 and rear 18 cross braces and the flexi~le fabric of seat 22 and back 24. The operator then spreads the front legs 26 and rear legs 28 of the A-frames 12, 14 to the extent allowed by A-frame webbing 36.
Yinally, the operator lifts the seat 22 and back 24 into the position of Figure 1, such that back frame members 58 press against arm rest 32 and seat support frame members 54 lock itl tlle upper strut portions 38b, 40b, 42b, 44b (See Figure 7 ) The folding chair as illustrated is composed of wood and fabric materials, and connected by nuts and bolts.
~o~ever, the foregoing disclosure and description of the invention are illustrative and explanatory, and various changes in size, shape and materials, as ~ell as in the details of the illustrated method o folding and erecting the chair, ard details of construction, may be made witllout departing from the spirit of the invention. ~11 such changes and variations are contemplated as falling ~ithin the scope of the appended claims.

_..,

Claims (12)

1. A folding chair which can be collapsed for storage and erected to provide seating and the like comprising:
(a) left and right frames, each comprising front and rear legs which are connected together at their upper level portions with a pivot connection;
(b) tensile means for defining the degree of rotation of each leg about the pivot connection;
(c) fore and aft, folding cross braces, each forming connections respectively between the front legs of each side frame and the rear legs of each side frame and including cross brace jointed struts that can fold upon each other and simultaneously shorten 50 that said cross bracing means and side frames can simultaneously fold together with a bundle defining a folded position which generally aligns both legs of each side frame and both cross braces of each cross brace;
(d) handle means attached at spaced positions when unfolded to the fore and aft cross bracing respectively for folding the cross bracing and the side frames into the "folded" storage position; and (e) a seat supported by the side frames, and including means for locking the jointed cross braces into an operative position when the chair is in use.

2. The folding chair of Claim 2 in frames are A-frames and the pivotal connection of the A-frames form arm rests for the occupant of the seat.

3. The folding chair of Claim 3 further comprising a folding back connected to the seat.

4. The folding chair of Claim 4 in which the a seat and back are pivotally attached to the A-frames at a common pivot point respectively on the sides of the seat and back.

5. The folding chair of Claim 1 in which the cross braces are pivotally attached to the side frames at each end so that as the chair folds the upper ends of the cross braces move linearly into proximate co-extensible linear relation with the legs of the side frames.

6. The folding chair of Claim 6 in which the seat is connected to the front and rear legs of the left and right side frame at a point below the pivotal connection of the side frames and above the front and rear cross braces.

7. The folding chair of Claim 7 in which the seat and back are pivotally connected to the rear leg of each side e frame and removably connected to the front leg of each side frame.

8. Folding chair of Claim 8 in which the seat and back comprise foldable material connected between rigid members which are connected to the left and right side frames.

9. The folding chair of Claim 9 in which an inextensible brace extends between a rigid member of the frame and a rigid member of the back to prevent the back from pivoting when the chair is in the erect position.

10. The folding chair of Claim 1 wherein the folding cross braces camber the left and right frames with respect to each other.

11. A folding chair comprising:
a. left and right side A-frames, each comprising front and rear legs which are substantially equal in length and which are connected together at their upper end portions with a pivotal connection;
b. collapsing brace means associated with each side frame for supporting the legs in an unfolded operative position;
c. fore and aft, folding cross braces, each forming connections respectively between the front legs of each side frame and the rear legs of each side frame, the cross braces being pivotally attached to the side frames at the lower end of the cross braces and slidably affixed to the side frames at the upper end of the cross braces so that as the chair folds the cross braces and legs align;
d. a seat supported at its edges upon the side frames when the chair is in an unfolded operative sitting position, the seat being connected to the front and rear legs of the left and right side frames at a point below the pivotal collection of the side frames and above the front and rear cross braces;
e. a back pivotally attached at its side portions to the rear of the seat;
f. sleeve means forming a sliding connection between the bottom edge portions of the back and each rear leg for retaining the lower side portions of the back in two separate, spaced apart positions with respect to the rear legs, including a higher position when the chair is in the unfolded operation position and a lower position near the bottom of the rear legs when the chair is in a folded inoperative storage position; and g. link means connecting the side frames and back for preventing the back from pivoting rearwardly when the chair is in the unfolded operative sitting position, wherein:
the seat and back include foldable fabric material, the legs, back, and seat can collapse into a bundle wherein the legs, cross braces, seat edges, and back side portions are generally aligned parallel to one another, and the bundle has a length substantially equal to the length of the legs.

12. The folding chair of Claim 11, wherein the pivotal connection of the A-frames include arm rests for an occupant of the seat.