CA1288648C - Water supply apparatus - Google Patents
Water supply apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1288648C CA1288648C CA000548303A CA548303A CA1288648C CA 1288648 C CA1288648 C CA 1288648C CA 000548303 A CA000548303 A CA 000548303A CA 548303 A CA548303 A CA 548303A CA 1288648 C CA1288648 C CA 1288648C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- water
- fowl
- water supply
- water outlet
- trough
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K39/00—Feeding or drinking appliances for poultry or other birds
- A01K39/02—Drinking appliances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/14—Nest-boxes, e.g. for singing birds or the like
- A01K31/16—Laying nests for poultry; Egg collecting
- A01K31/17—Laying batteries including auxiliary features, e.g. feeding, watering, demanuring, heating, ventilation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K39/00—Feeding or drinking appliances for poultry or other birds
- A01K39/02—Drinking appliances
- A01K39/0213—Nipple drinkers
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A water supply for caged birds includes a water outlet actuated by the birds for drinking purposes. A
V-shaped channel below the outlet serves to catch spillage adjacent the outlet and the upper marginal edges of the channel form a barrier to one side of the water outlet for the birds to approach the outlet with its neck substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly.
A water supply for caged birds includes a water outlet actuated by the birds for drinking purposes. A
V-shaped channel below the outlet serves to catch spillage adjacent the outlet and the upper marginal edges of the channel form a barrier to one side of the water outlet for the birds to approach the outlet with its neck substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly.
Description
:~2~
This invention relates to water supply apparatus for caged birds and in particular fowls.
Fowl m~nure in compressed pelletised form has been found to be a particularly useful fertiliser for both domestic and commercial applications. Most known pelletisation processes require the moisture content of the manure to be in the ~icinity of 12%. However, the manure collected from below the open bottomed cages of caged fowls, which is a m~jor source of manure for pelletisation, has a moisture content typically in the range of 75 to 80%.
It has hitherto, therefore been necessary to dry the manure prior to pelletisation. Drying not only adds significantly to production costs but also can be a source of air pollution and potential explosion due to release of gases during drying, particula~ly in the case of kiln drying.
This invention proceeds from the realisat;on that manure accumulating below caged fowls is maintained at its initial moisture content t~pically around 75 to B0% and prevented from drying by water spilt whilst the birds are drinking. In particular it was recognised that when a bird drin}cs from a bird actuated water outlet, the arrangement o the outlets ;s often such that the birds .
~ 2886i4B
neck is incline~ upwardly. Spllt w~ter therefore runs down ~he birds neck and drip into manure below. Some known drinkirg arrangements provide a trough or the like immediately below the wat8r outle~ bu~ the~e catch only water directl~ dripping from the outlet and not water which runs down the neck o the bird.
It has been found that this spillage is substantially eliminated if a barrier is positioned to the side of the water outlet to force the bird to approach the outlet with its neck substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly.
In practice this is achieved by the birds being forced to turn its head to one side ~o approach the outlet.
I~ is an object of this invention to provide a water supply apparatus for caged birds which will r~duce or substantially eliminat~ spillage of drinking water into manure below the cage.
Accordingly, this invention con~ists in a water supply apparatus for caged fowls compri~ing a water supply channel having a water outlet with nipple means actuable by said fowl to enable s~id fowl to drink directly from said water ~utlet;
trough means positioned immediately below said water outlet and extending generally parallel to said water supply channel to catch substantially all water spillage from said water outlet, nipple means and from the beaks and necks of said fowl during drinking;
said trough means being located closely adjacent said water outlet and well above the level of excrement of said ~ . ...
~2~
caged fowl ~uch that said fowl is prevented from excreting into said trough means; and physical barrier means positioned close to said water outlet and said nipple means to allow said caged fowl to only approach and drink water from said water outlet with their necks substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly toward said trough means so that substantially all spilled water during drinking tends to drip down the necks and beaks of said caged fowl and into said trough means; said water outlet, nipple means and said physical barrier means being at a level with respe~t to ground basically vertically aligned with the necks o~ said fowl when said fowl stands erect.
By forcing the birds to approach the water outlet with their necks ~ubstantially horizontal or inclined downwardly any ~pilled water tends to drip into the trough means rather than running down ~he ~ird~ neck and dropping - 3a -.
.
~ 8~
into the manure.
For preference, the barrier means are at or above the level of the water ou~let although in practice it has been found that as long as the barrier is less than 3.0 to 2.5cm below the outlet the birds are forced to approach the outlet with their necks sufficiently close to horizontal to achieve thP object of the invention.
Also for preference the trough means and barrier means are formed by a channel member the upper marginal edges forming the barrier means and the lower portion within the channel the trough means. The channel can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape and is preferably inclined to drain spilled water away.
It has been found that manure accumulated below cages equipped with water supply apparatus according to this invention shows at least a 50% reduction in water content over manure accumulated below cages with a conventional water supply.
One embodiment of this invention will now be described, by way of e~ample only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a part end view of two adjacent fowl cages with a water supply apparatus according to this invention located therebetween;
Figure 2 is a part side view of the arrangement shown in Figure l; and Figure 3 is a view similar to ~igure 1 showing a : ' . ' ' .
.
~ '~8~
fowl drinking.
As seen in the drawings fowls 1 and 2 are housed in adjacent cages 3, 4 which respectively taper downwardly to form a common wall 5.
The water supply apparatus comprises a water outlet actuated by the fowls in the form of a drinking nipple 6 of known type fitted to a pressurised water supply pipe 7. The supply pipe 7 is supported by brackets 8. Nipples 6 are positioned at suitable intervals along supply pipe 7. Trough means in the form of a V-shaped trough 9 extend below the nipples 6 to catch spillage from or adjacent the nipple. As best seen from Figure 3 the upper marginal edge 10 of the trough 9 form barrier means at the level of the nipples which force the fowls to approach the nipple with their necks substantially horizontal ox inclined downwardly. In this way spilled water drips into trough 9 and does not tend to run down the birds neck~ The trough 9 is inclined to drain the spilled water to a suitable discharge pipe or the like.
The V-shaped trough 9 is preferably formed with an included angle of appro~imately 90 and a distance of greater than 10 cm and most preferably approximately 12,5 cm across the open top. It will be apparent however, that a trough of any suitable cross-sectional shape can be used.
In addition, it is not essential that the trough and barrier be integrally formed. A suitable barrier, such as a rail for e~ample, can be positioned above a shallow - ' ', ` .
' ii4~
trough.
It will also be apparent that this invention is not limited to water outlets of the nipple type. In this regard the invention has been found to be successful when used with other water outlets including those known as watering cups which contain a plate depressed by the bird to actuate a water supply valve.
Tests conducted on manure collected from below eages equipped with water supply apparatus according to this invention have shown at least a 50% reduction in moisture content over manure collected below cages with conventional water supply systems. This reduced moisture content, around 35 to 40% makes it possible to pelletise the manure with only minor further dryin~. In addition the drier con~ition of the accumulatiny manure reduces the offensive odour, flies and maggots normally associated with caged birds. Further the drier condition reduces significantly the loss of ammonia and hence further value.
In addition to the reasons advanced above it has been observed that because the barrier makes access to the water outlet more difficult the instance of birds ~'playing" with water outlets and thereby spilling further water is reduced. It is considered that this can play a significant part in achieving the improvements detailed above.
This invention relates to water supply apparatus for caged birds and in particular fowls.
Fowl m~nure in compressed pelletised form has been found to be a particularly useful fertiliser for both domestic and commercial applications. Most known pelletisation processes require the moisture content of the manure to be in the ~icinity of 12%. However, the manure collected from below the open bottomed cages of caged fowls, which is a m~jor source of manure for pelletisation, has a moisture content typically in the range of 75 to 80%.
It has hitherto, therefore been necessary to dry the manure prior to pelletisation. Drying not only adds significantly to production costs but also can be a source of air pollution and potential explosion due to release of gases during drying, particula~ly in the case of kiln drying.
This invention proceeds from the realisat;on that manure accumulating below caged fowls is maintained at its initial moisture content t~pically around 75 to B0% and prevented from drying by water spilt whilst the birds are drinking. In particular it was recognised that when a bird drin}cs from a bird actuated water outlet, the arrangement o the outlets ;s often such that the birds .
~ 2886i4B
neck is incline~ upwardly. Spllt w~ter therefore runs down ~he birds neck and drip into manure below. Some known drinkirg arrangements provide a trough or the like immediately below the wat8r outle~ bu~ the~e catch only water directl~ dripping from the outlet and not water which runs down the neck o the bird.
It has been found that this spillage is substantially eliminated if a barrier is positioned to the side of the water outlet to force the bird to approach the outlet with its neck substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly.
In practice this is achieved by the birds being forced to turn its head to one side ~o approach the outlet.
I~ is an object of this invention to provide a water supply apparatus for caged birds which will r~duce or substantially eliminat~ spillage of drinking water into manure below the cage.
Accordingly, this invention con~ists in a water supply apparatus for caged fowls compri~ing a water supply channel having a water outlet with nipple means actuable by said fowl to enable s~id fowl to drink directly from said water ~utlet;
trough means positioned immediately below said water outlet and extending generally parallel to said water supply channel to catch substantially all water spillage from said water outlet, nipple means and from the beaks and necks of said fowl during drinking;
said trough means being located closely adjacent said water outlet and well above the level of excrement of said ~ . ...
~2~
caged fowl ~uch that said fowl is prevented from excreting into said trough means; and physical barrier means positioned close to said water outlet and said nipple means to allow said caged fowl to only approach and drink water from said water outlet with their necks substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly toward said trough means so that substantially all spilled water during drinking tends to drip down the necks and beaks of said caged fowl and into said trough means; said water outlet, nipple means and said physical barrier means being at a level with respe~t to ground basically vertically aligned with the necks o~ said fowl when said fowl stands erect.
By forcing the birds to approach the water outlet with their necks ~ubstantially horizontal or inclined downwardly any ~pilled water tends to drip into the trough means rather than running down ~he ~ird~ neck and dropping - 3a -.
.
~ 8~
into the manure.
For preference, the barrier means are at or above the level of the water ou~let although in practice it has been found that as long as the barrier is less than 3.0 to 2.5cm below the outlet the birds are forced to approach the outlet with their necks sufficiently close to horizontal to achieve thP object of the invention.
Also for preference the trough means and barrier means are formed by a channel member the upper marginal edges forming the barrier means and the lower portion within the channel the trough means. The channel can be of any suitable cross-sectional shape and is preferably inclined to drain spilled water away.
It has been found that manure accumulated below cages equipped with water supply apparatus according to this invention shows at least a 50% reduction in water content over manure accumulated below cages with a conventional water supply.
One embodiment of this invention will now be described, by way of e~ample only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a part end view of two adjacent fowl cages with a water supply apparatus according to this invention located therebetween;
Figure 2 is a part side view of the arrangement shown in Figure l; and Figure 3 is a view similar to ~igure 1 showing a : ' . ' ' .
.
~ '~8~
fowl drinking.
As seen in the drawings fowls 1 and 2 are housed in adjacent cages 3, 4 which respectively taper downwardly to form a common wall 5.
The water supply apparatus comprises a water outlet actuated by the fowls in the form of a drinking nipple 6 of known type fitted to a pressurised water supply pipe 7. The supply pipe 7 is supported by brackets 8. Nipples 6 are positioned at suitable intervals along supply pipe 7. Trough means in the form of a V-shaped trough 9 extend below the nipples 6 to catch spillage from or adjacent the nipple. As best seen from Figure 3 the upper marginal edge 10 of the trough 9 form barrier means at the level of the nipples which force the fowls to approach the nipple with their necks substantially horizontal ox inclined downwardly. In this way spilled water drips into trough 9 and does not tend to run down the birds neck~ The trough 9 is inclined to drain the spilled water to a suitable discharge pipe or the like.
The V-shaped trough 9 is preferably formed with an included angle of appro~imately 90 and a distance of greater than 10 cm and most preferably approximately 12,5 cm across the open top. It will be apparent however, that a trough of any suitable cross-sectional shape can be used.
In addition, it is not essential that the trough and barrier be integrally formed. A suitable barrier, such as a rail for e~ample, can be positioned above a shallow - ' ', ` .
' ii4~
trough.
It will also be apparent that this invention is not limited to water outlets of the nipple type. In this regard the invention has been found to be successful when used with other water outlets including those known as watering cups which contain a plate depressed by the bird to actuate a water supply valve.
Tests conducted on manure collected from below eages equipped with water supply apparatus according to this invention have shown at least a 50% reduction in moisture content over manure collected below cages with conventional water supply systems. This reduced moisture content, around 35 to 40% makes it possible to pelletise the manure with only minor further dryin~. In addition the drier con~ition of the accumulatiny manure reduces the offensive odour, flies and maggots normally associated with caged birds. Further the drier condition reduces significantly the loss of ammonia and hence further value.
In addition to the reasons advanced above it has been observed that because the barrier makes access to the water outlet more difficult the instance of birds ~'playing" with water outlets and thereby spilling further water is reduced. It is considered that this can play a significant part in achieving the improvements detailed above.
Claims (5)
1. A water supply apparatus for caged fowls comprising a water supply channel having a water outlet with nipple means actuable by said fowl to enable said fowl to drink directly from said water outlet;
trough means positioned immediately below said water outlet and extending generally parallel to said water supply channel to catch substantially all water spillage from said water outlet, nipple means and from the beaks and necks of said fowl during drinking;
said trough means being located closely adjacent said water outlet and well above the level of excrement of said caged fowl such that said fowl is prevented from excreting into said trough means; and physical barrier means positioned close to said water outlet and said nipple means to allow said caged fowl to only approach and drink water from said water outlet with their necks substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly toward said trough means so that substantially all spilled water during drinking tends to drip down the necks and beaks of said caged fowl and into said trough means; said water outlet, nipple means and said physical barrier means being at a level with respect to ground basically vertically aligned with the necks of said fowl when said fowl stands erect.
trough means positioned immediately below said water outlet and extending generally parallel to said water supply channel to catch substantially all water spillage from said water outlet, nipple means and from the beaks and necks of said fowl during drinking;
said trough means being located closely adjacent said water outlet and well above the level of excrement of said caged fowl such that said fowl is prevented from excreting into said trough means; and physical barrier means positioned close to said water outlet and said nipple means to allow said caged fowl to only approach and drink water from said water outlet with their necks substantially horizontal or inclined downwardly toward said trough means so that substantially all spilled water during drinking tends to drip down the necks and beaks of said caged fowl and into said trough means; said water outlet, nipple means and said physical barrier means being at a level with respect to ground basically vertically aligned with the necks of said fowl when said fowl stands erect.
2. A water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said trough means and said barrier means are formed as a unitary channel member, the upper marginal. edge of said channel member forming said barrier means and the lower portion of said channel member forming said trough means.
3. A water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said trough means has a V-shaped cross-section.
4. A water supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said upper marginal edge is disposed less than about 3.0 cm below said water outlets.
5. A water supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said V-shaped cross-section of said trough means has an included angle of approximately 90% and a width across the top from about 10 cm to about 12.5 cm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPH8330 | 1986-10-03 | ||
| AUPH833086 | 1986-10-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1288648C true CA1288648C (en) | 1991-09-10 |
Family
ID=3771843
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000548303A Expired - Lifetime CA1288648C (en) | 1986-10-03 | 1987-09-30 | Water supply apparatus |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63105625A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1288648C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2604600A1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN173793B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8702337A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69119688T2 (en) * | 1990-10-10 | 1997-01-16 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Graft copolymers and graft copolymer / protein compositions |
| CN107372195B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2023-11-14 | 殷文斐 | Multifunctional chicken raising drinking water system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2104236C3 (en) * | 1971-01-29 | 1974-04-11 | Rudolf 4520 Melle Kreyer | Poultry rearing battery |
| JPS505826Y2 (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1975-02-18 | ||
| JPS5035784U (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1975-04-15 | ||
| GB1566746A (en) * | 1977-12-02 | 1980-05-08 | Mono Flo Nipple Drinkers Ltd | Drinkers for livestock |
-
1987
- 1987-09-29 IN IN860DE1987 patent/IN173793B/en unknown
- 1987-09-30 NL NL8702337A patent/NL8702337A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-09-30 CA CA000548303A patent/CA1288648C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-10-02 JP JP24966887A patent/JPS63105625A/en active Granted
- 1987-10-02 FR FR8713614A patent/FR2604600A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL8702337A (en) | 1988-05-02 |
| FR2604600A1 (en) | 1988-04-08 |
| JPH0544248B2 (en) | 1993-07-05 |
| IN173793B (en) | 1994-07-16 |
| JPS63105625A (en) | 1988-05-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |