CA1282973C - Cylinder lock - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract Slots normal to the axis are provided in the cylinder lock plug of a cylinder lock. These slots either receive a springless additional locking pin or double arm locking lever, which has on each arm a locking projection for engagement with a locking projection recess in the cylinder plug bore. The additional locking pins and the locking levers are controlled by key side face areas of varied level.

Description

Cylinder Lock ____ ______________________ ______ .__ __ The invention relates to a cylinder lock, comprlslng a cylinder lock case, especially a cylinder lock case with a HAHN profile, a cylinder lock plu~ supported rotatably in a cylinder plug bore ln the cylinder lock case and having a keyway to receive a matching key, spring-loaded pln tumblers with spring-loaded driver pins received ln case bores and accompanying key plns recelved in plug bores and controlled by teeth on the key breast, and supplementary tumbler.s positloned axlally between successive pln tumblers, whlch supplementary tumblers are controlled by key slde face areas varying in level and interac-t with recesses in the inner clrcumferential suri'ace of the cylinder plug bore.

A cylinder lo.-k of the above-mentioned cons-truct,ion is known fro~ -the French publication 2 2~0 772 (Utility ~odel 7~ 27 050~, wherein -the cylinder locX plug is provided on both sides of the keyway with slots separated in the axial dlrection and posltioned ~ ....

~2~ 9~3 substantlally perpendicularly to the cylinder plug axis.
These slots receive double arm locking levers, which are positioned swivellably around a locking lever swivel shaft parallel to the cylinder plug axi-i, have on each arm a locking pro~ection for engagement in a locking proJection recess on the lnner circumi'erential surface of the cyllnder 'bore, have one arm in control connection wlth a locklng lever-con-trolling key side face area varying in level, are spring-loaded in order to maintain thls control connection and can have both locking pro~ections wlthdrawn from both locking pro.~ec-tlon recesses by thq matching key.

From German Patent Specification 20 03 05g it is known to provide the cylinder lock plug of a cylinder lock of the above-mentioned type with additional locking pin bores, which are occupied with springless additional locking pins; the ends oi` these additional locklng pins which are ad~acent the key are controlled by a varied level key side face area controlling the additional locking pins and their ends remote from the keyway each interact in the manner of a cam with a locking pin recess in the circumferential sur-face of -the cylinder plug bore. With a matching key these additional lockln~
pins are dlsengagerl from the respective locking pin recesses through rotatlon of the cylinder lock plug.

The problem on whlch the inven-tion ls based is that of providing a cylinder lock whlch i~ distinguished from the known cyllnder locks by a larger range of variations belng posslble i`or cylinder locks of the same 'baslc construction and which i~ more dif'ficult for an unau-thorized person to understand and unlock.

, , .

329~3 To solve this problem it is provided that a cylinder lock of -the type indicated above comprise a combination oi the following features:

a) the cylinder lock plug is provided on at least one slde, and preferably on both sides, of -the keyway wlth slots spaced ln the axlal direction and posl-tloned substantlally perpendlcularly to the cyllnder plug axis;

b) some of these slots recelve double arm locking levers, which are positioned swivellably around a locklng lever swivel shaft parallel to the cylinder plug axls, have on each arm a locking projection for engagement ln a locking projectlon recess on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, have one arm in control connection with a locking lever-controlling key side i`ace area varying in level, are sprin~-loaded in order to maintain this control connection and can have both locking pro~ections withdrawn by the matching key from both . locking proJection recesses;

c) the cylinder lock plug is provided with additional locking pin bores, which each lie wi-th their bore axes approxima-tely in a middle slot plane and cut in the form of a cylinder segment into the respective slot side faces;

d) at least some of those addi-tional locking pin bores which coincide with slots no-t occupied by double arm locking levers are occupied by springless additional locking pins, whose ends adJacen-t the key are controlled by a varied level key side ~ace area . .

~2~3~',9~3 con~rolling the additional locking pins, whase ends remote irom the keyway each interact in the manner of a cam with a recess for an additional locking pin ln the c:Lrcumferential surface of the cylinder case bore, and whlch, wl-th a matchlng key, may be ~isengaged from the respectlve ad~ltlonal locking pin recesses through rotation of the cylinder lock plug.

According to one embodlment of the lnven-tion, whlch is dlstinguished by the highest degree of securl-ty, it is provided that the two locking lever pro~ections are ea,~h simultaneously out of engagement with the respective locking pro~ection recesses in a single angular swivel position of the double arm locXing lever, that is to say both simultaneously lie approximately flush with the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore. This embodiment is also suitable for suites of locks. This embodiment is therefore of particularly high security value, because it is impossible or only extremely difficult to bring all the locking levers simultaneously into this one angular position, in which rotation of the cylinder plug is enabl.ed, by means of a needle or simllar ald.

The con-trol connec-tion be-tween the ~-louble arm locklng lever and -the locklng lever-controlllng key side face area of varied level can be produced via a control pln, which is received by a control pln bore connecting the respec-tive slo-t base with the keyway. Thl~
embodlment offers, inter alla, -the advantage that the slots themselves do not have to be brought right up to the keyway, lt thus beinz possible to construct the slot ln the cyllnder plug in a slmple form and sald slo~ thus ~8291~3 _ 5 _ -not leading to excessive weakening of the cylinder plug.
Furthermore, the embodiment wl-th control plns opens up the possibility of using identical locking levers and of effecting the variation.s in adaptation -to differing release surfaces on the key side face areas of varied level by ~lean:, of carrespondingly differlng control pin lengths, with a view to needing -the lowest possible number of difi'ererlt cylinder lock components.

In the constructlon with con-trol pins it ls recommended that the con-trol pln bore should have a larger dlameter than the wldth of the slo-t and -that lt should cut into the two slot side suriaces in -the manner of a cylinder segment. In this way extended guidance of the control pins is achieved, undesired tilting thus being avoided, and, moreover, the control pin bores can be drilled with an increased diameter with a view to simplifying production.

To spring-load -the double arm locking lever it ls additionally proposed that a double arm locking lever be loaded by a coil compression spring, recelved by a sprlng bore which cuts into the side surfaces of the respective slot and/or the slot base. This construction is desirable with regard to simple assembly of the cyllnder lock.-It would in prlnclple be feaslble for the samevaried level side face areas oi' the key to be used for the control of the lockln2 lever ancL the additlonal locking pins. With a view to broadening the posslbilitles for variation of the locking behaviour of the varlous cylinder lock.s it is advantageous, however, for the locking lever-controlllng, varied level side 29~3 face areas of the key and the varied level, additional locking pin-controlling .side face areas of the key to lie at different distances from the key back. In this case it is recommended that the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face areas of the key should lie nearer to the key back than the additi.onal locking pin-con-trolling, varied level side face areas of the key. Thls embodiment on the one hand ensures extended guidance of the additional locking plns in the respective additional locking pin bores and on the other hand makes possible a desired enlargement of the double arm locking lever, which in turn leads to simplified handling during assembly.

With a view to simplifying production of the cylinder lock, it is recommended that several, and preferably all, slots should have passing through them on at least one side oi the keyway a bearing pin common -to several double arm locking levers.

It has already been lndicated above that uniformity of the double arm locking levers or at least uniformity within the various occurring groups of double arm lockin~ levers ls desirable. Different surface depths of the release surfaces allocated to the individual double arm locklng levers on the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face area can then be compensated by different leng-ths of control pin. A particularly advantageous solution as far as simpllcity oi production and production costs are concerned is obtained if the locking lever-con-trolling, varied level slde face areas oi' the key comprise release surfaces wlth only two dlfi`erent surlace depths and ii, accordlngly, only two control pln types of different len~th are provlded.

~82973 To ensure -that the additional locklng plns and, where applicable, the control pins cannot fall too far or completely lnto the keyway, thereby losing the guidançe afforded by the bores which receive them, it is recommen-led tha-t the additional locklng plns and, correspondingly, the addl-tlonal locklng pln bores and~or the control pins and, correspondlngly, the control pin bores have a stepped dlameter, each havin~ a bore portion near to the keyway with a smaller rllameter and a 'bore portion remote Prom the keyway wlth a larger dlameter The cyllnder lock accordlng to the invention can, in principle, be cons-tructed wlth the mo.st varied key shapes. However, it ls recommended that the key be construc-ted as a flat key, which means that the varled level side face areas are varied regarding level by the boring or mllling of correspondlngly raised side face areas. The flat keys are especially desirable for -the user who carries the key in a coat pocket posslbly on a key-rlng together wlth several other keys and thérefore wants as unbulky a key as possible.

Wlth a view to providing the widest possible range of variation in the locklng behavlour of cy'linder locks of the same basic construction the flat keys can be constructed as cross-sect:Lonally profiled flat keys, corresponding, complementary counter-profilqs being found ln the keyways.

With regard to the most rational manufacture posslble of the cyli.nder loak, it is recommended that the slots should be milled with a circularly curved slot base by mean.s of a side~milling cutter. In any case, .. , . ,, . , . .. ", ... ..

~;28~373 this embodi~ent ls ea.sily possible if the control connection between the double arm locking levers and the key side faces is achieved by control pins.

With regard to simplified manufacture of the locking pro~ection recesses and the additional locking pin recesses, :Lt is further proposed that the locking pro~ectlon rece.sses and the additional locklng pin recesses should be constructed in a hull, which is inserted into a case bore in the cyllnder loc~.

In this case, it is recommended that the hull be pressed into the case bore, to fix the recesses unrotatably.

To simplify manufacture it is particularly advantageous if the locking pro~ection recesses and~or the additional locking pin recesses pass right through the hull in the radial direction.

To make the hull inaccessible from without and to make its appearance indistinguishable fro~ conventional cylinder locks, it is proposed that the hull be covered at lts front end by a cylinder lock plug closing plate.
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A flat key whlch makes full use of the possibilities opened up by the cyllnder lock accordlng to the inventlon is distinguished by the fact that it comprlses a varied level, locking levet-controllln~ s:Lde face area and a varied level, addit:Lonal locklng pln-controlling slde i~ace area at dlfferent dlstances from the key back ~n at leas-t one oi' lts slde i`aces. An appropriate i~Iat key blank ls dlstln~uished by the fact that lt has, at dlfferent distances from the key back, each of a shaped '' ~2~g73 area raised sufficlently to form the locklng lever-controlling, varied level side face area and a shaped area raised sufficiently to form the additlonal locking pin-controlling, varied level side face area. In the raised shaped areas it is then merely necessary to form borings or milled sections to vary the level. These borlngs and milled sec-tions can be produced ln the manufacturer's factory and by authorized key-cu-tting services by the usual methods and with the usual ~achine.s, without the way being opened to unauthorized key imitation.

The cyllnder locks according to the inventlon are suitable both for use individually and ln suite of locks.

For cases where a cylinder lock i5 to be used individually it is intended that each cylinder lock concerned should differ from other cylinder locks of the same basic construction by differing occupation of the slots by double arm locking levers and additional locking pins and~or by different forms of double arm locking lever and, where appropriate, differen-t lengths of control pin and/or by different lengths of additional locking pin and/or by differen-t pln tumblers wlth correspondlngly different key breast design and/or by different proflle design of the ~eyway and accordingly of the key. It should be easily recognized that the baslc cons-truction of the cylinder lock according to the inventlun opens up many more posslblllties for variation than prevlous cyllnder locks, it being possible to widen thls range of possible variations through the selective use of double ar~ locklng levers and locking pins wlthout having to resort to all too delicately stepped a . :, ~ , .

~2~2~'73 gradation of the key profile and/or all too delicately stepped a grada-tion of additional differ blts in the pin tumblers.

In the construction of a suite of locks with a plurality of cylinder locks of the type according to the lnvention, a suite of locks, therefore, in which an lndivldual key ls allocated to each lndividual cylinder lock and a master key posslbly of varylng competence is allocated to a plurality of cyllnder locks, the lndlvidual cylinder locks can be distinguished within the plurality by different dif-fer bit arrangements in the pin tumblers and/or by different key profiles and thus different keyway profiles and/or by differen-t additional locking pln arrangements. It is feasible -for the range of iock variations in such a suite of locks to be widened by differing positions of the double arm locking levers, in such a way that the individual cylinder locks in the plurality differ from one another by differing occupation of the slots by double arm locking levers. It is even possible to use locking levers releasable at different levels, if the locking pro~ections on the locXing levers are simultaneously out of engagement with the respective locking pro~ection recess in an angular range of ~inite angular value; the locking lever-controlllng slde face areas of the individual keys are then constructed with release surfaces with at least two dlfferent surface depths, that is a h:Lgher surface depth and a deeper surface depth, and a master key is constructed with release surfaces of average surface depth. In this case, master keys of varyin~ competence (master keys - grand master keys) can be provided in any way desired, -these keys ,.-~
:: , , '~. ., :

; ~ , g73 comprlsing an ever greater range of control points of average level as competence increases.

The basic idea behind a suite of locks based on the ~ouble arm locking lever princlple, in which sulte the double arm locklng levers, in a larger swlvel range, release the cylinder lock plu~ for rotatlon, so that even master keys can be used, cannot be lnferred from French pu'blicatlon 2 2~0 772 ~Utllity ~odel 7~ ~7 050) an~l should 'be protected lndependently of the comblnation of the dou'ble arm locklng lever prin._iple wi-th the additional locking pln prlnclple.

A preferred form of a sulte of locks comprlslng a group of cylinder locks ls constructed in such a way that at least some of the cylinder locks within the group are distlnguished from each other by dlfferent positions of double arm locking levers releasable at the same level, that the indlvidual keys each have release surfaces of the same surface depth in those positions where locking levers releasable at the same level are present in the corresponding cylinder lock and that a master key comprises release surfaces of the same surface depth for all the locking levers releasable at the same level of several or all of the cylinder locks ln the group. In this embodiment locking levers can be u'sed both of whose locking proJectlons are out of enga~ement wlth the locking pro~ection recesses only ln one slngle swivel posltlon, a feature whlch ls of conslderable lmportance wl-th regard to the securlty ~alue of the cyllnder lock.

Those double arm locklng levers releasabl~ at the same level whlch are especially relevant are those which ~32~3 are identical ln form and size and which, where appropria-te, interacit with control pins of identical length.

It remains to be mentioned that the locking pro~ection recess and the locking pin recess in the circumferential sur~ace of the cylinder plug bore are always al~o easily manufac-turable as continuous grooves.

It should also be men-tioned that it is also po.ssible in the cylinder lock design according to the invention, as in the design according to DE-PS 20 03 059, so to position the addltional locking pin-controlling key side face areas that key stren~th does not allow the replacement of the deepest-lying control points by a continuous groove, as -the key would then either fall in two or be weakened excessively.

The attached Figures explain the invention with the aid of exemplary embodiments. In them:

Fi~ur~ 1 is a side view of the cylinder plug in a cylinder lock according to the invention;

Fl~ure la is a section along line la/la o~ Figure 1 through a cylinder lock according to the invention with a matching key according to Figure le;

Ei~lL~I ~ is a section along line lb/lb wlth a ~atching key accordlng to ~igure le;

Ei~Q_~ is a sec-tion along line la~la with a non-matching key accordlng to Figure lf;

."

~2~29~73 F.i~ure L~ is a section along line lb/lb with a non-matching key accordlng to Figure lf;

Figur-q---2~a is a section through another embodiment corresponding to the line la/la with a matching key according to Figure 2g;

Ei~LP_~ ls a 5ectlon corresponding to line lb/lb through the cylinder lock accordlng -to Figure 2a with a matchlng key accordlng to Flg~re 2g;

Figure~ ls a sectlon accordlng to llne la/la through a cylinder lock corresponding to Flgures 2a and 2b but wlth a non-matchlng key correspondlng to Flgure 2h.

Figure 2d is a section corresponding to line lb/lb through a cylinder lock corresponding to Flgures 2a and 2b wlth a non-matching key corresponding to Figure 2h;

Figur~_~ is a section corresponding to line la/la through a cylinder lock corresponding to Flgures la and lb with a master key according to Flgure 2i;

Fig~lr.e. 2~ is a sectlon along llne lb/lb through a cyllnder lock corresponding to Figures 2a and 2b wlth the master key according to Flgure Zi;

Elg~ur~ L~1-3b are diagramatlc representa-tlons o~ two cyllnder :locks i'ormlng a suite oi' locks;

F4~1ce ~ shows a master key ~or the cyllnder locks accordlng to Figures 3a and 3b;

:
: ~., i~
'.

~829~3 Flgu~_~a is a cross section through the cylinder lock according to Figure 3a in position G;

Fl.~ure ~ is a section through the cylinder lock according to Figure 3b in position H;

Ei~u~ ls a side view of the ilat key according to Figure 3a;

Ei~ure,_~ is a side view o~ the flat key accordln~ to Figure 3b;

Figure 5c is a side view of the flat key according to Figure 3c;

F~gure ~ shows a modi~ication of the embodiment according to Figures 1 and la;

Fig,~Q l is a partially sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 6.

In Flgures 1, la and lb the case of a cylinder lock is given the reference numeral 10 and is constructed wlth a HAHN pro~ile. The cylinder lock case 10 comprises a cylinder plug bore 12, which receives a cylinder lock plug 14. The inner circumferential sur~ace oi~ the cylinder plug bore is designa-ted 12a. The cylinder lock plug 14 comprises a keyway 1~, in which a matchlng flat key 17 is received. The cylinder lock case 10 comprises caie bores 18, which receive driver pins 19. In the cylinder lock plug 14 there are provided plug bores 20, which are intendqd to receive key pins 21. The key 17 comprises a vee-cu-t key breast 22, which is intended to arrange -the surfaces o~ separation between the drlver "i~., . .,, ;~, j ,, j ..

9~3 pins 19 and the key pins 21 ln the inner circumferential surface 12a of the l~ylinder plu~ bore 12 so that the cylinder lock plug 14 can be rotated. To this end, differ bits 23 can be arranged between the driver pins 19 and the key pins 21, to enable rotational movement of the cylinder plug 14 when the key breast vee cut levels vary, especially in ~uites of locks.

~ he cylinder plug 14 is cons-tructed with slo-t.s 24 normal to the axi~ on both sides o1' the keyway 16. The slots Z4 are milled in with a slde-mllllng cutter and have a slot base 24a.

The slots 24 have passing throu~h them, parallel to the cyllndsr plug axls, bearing plns 25 whlch are received ln corresponding bores ln the cylinder plug.
Double arm locking levers 26 are supported on the bearing plns 25. The double arm locklng levers 26 each comprise two locklng pro~ections 26a and 26b, whlch are mounted on arms 27a and 27b respectlvely. The locking pro~ection.s 26a and 26b are so dlmensioned that ln a slngle angular position, shown in Figures la and lb, they both lie flu.sh wlth the inner circumferential surface 12a and thus release the cylinder lock plug for ro-tation. A control pin 28 ad~olns the arm 27a and i9 supported displaceably ln a control pln bore 29 in the cyllnder lock plug 14. This control pin 28 engages with lts inner end in a key boring 30 in the matching ~la-t key 17. The depth of the boring 30 in -the i'lat key 17 is so dimensioned, takin~ into consideration the length of the con-trol pin 28 and the shape oi' the lockin~ lever 26, that the two locking pro~ectlons 26a and 26b lle ~lush with the lnner clrcumi'erential suri'ace 12a o~ the ~8~g~

cylinder plug bore and the cylinder plug 14 can be rotated.

On each sirle of the keyway 16 several slots 24 are provided, each one cen-trally between two pin tumblers 19, 21 .succeeding each othcr in the axlal direction.

The slots 24 are extended by stepped additional locking pin bore.s 31, which each comprise a bore portion .31a with a larger d:Lameter and a bore portion 31b wlth a smaller diameter. In -the addltional locklng pin bores 31 there are received additional locking pins 32, which each compri.se a locking pin portlon 32a wi-th a larger diameter and a locking pin portion 32b with a smaller diameter. The additional locking pin bores 31 pass through the respective slot bases 24a. The additional lockin~ pins 32 have rounded inner ends which lie against the flat key 17 and rounded outer ends constructed to engage in locking pin recesses .33 in the inner circumferential surface 12a of the cylinder plug bore 12. Additional locking pin controlling side face areas 34 of varied level are arranged on the side ~aces o~ -the flat key, for example by borin~, at the level of the additional locking pins 32 and cooperate with these additional locking pins 32. The additional locking pin controlling side face area 3~ of dif~erent levels on the key 17 comprise bored and unbored control points as release surfaces. The leng-ths of all the addltional lacklng plns can be the same, i-f the borlngs in the key are o-f the same depth and the addltlonal locking pin recesses 33 are also the same depth.

In Figure la the additional locking pln 32 :Ls engaged ln the addltlonal locking pin recess 33. What ls -~, ~?d~ 7 3 not shown is that the corresponding side face area 34 of varled level on the key 17 comprises a boring as a release surface for the engagement of the inner end of the additlonal locking pln 32, whlch boring is even sufficient, when the additlonal locking pin 32 ls pushed lnwards, to remove -the radlally outer end of the latter completely from the addltional locklng pin recess 33.
r~hen the cylinder lock plug 14 ls rotated by the flat key 17, the additional locklng pln 32 ls pu.shed lnwards by a cam-llke lnteraction of its outer end wlth the additional locking pin recess 33 lnto the boring in the i'lat key 17. The key back ls glven the reference numeral 50.

All the slots 24 can either be occupied by an additional locklng pln 32 or a locking lever 26. Some slots can even be empty. The occupation by additional locking pins 32 and locking levers 26 differs from cyllnder lock to cylinder lock.

The locking lever 26 is loaded by a coil compression spring 35 in an anticlockwise directlon, in such a way that wlth a matchlng flat key 17 the locking pro~ections 26a and 26b lie flush with the inner circumferential surface 12a of the cylinder plug bore 12. In the basic posltion of the cylinder lock plug 1~ shown in Pigure la the locking proJections 26a and 26b are opposite the locking pro~ection recesses 36a and 36b in the inner circumferential surface 12a o~ the cyllnder plug bore 12.

The coll compresslon sprlng 35 is received by a bore 37 whose diaJneter is lar~er -than the width of the slot , ' ', -.: .
, .. , . , . ;, ,, , ~L2~ 3 .

24, so that the lateral defining surfaces of the slot 24 are cut into.

The side face areas of varled levels on the key, which areas are intended to interact with the control pins 2~, are given the reference numeral 38. The borings 30 are received ln these side face areas.

Figure le shows a sectlon through the matchlng flat key 17 at the level of the varied level side face areas .38 wlth the borlng 30.

Flgure lb shows another locking lever 26 identical ln shape. This locking lever 26 is located a-t a point where the locklng lever-con-trolling side face area 38 of varied level does not have a boring. Accordingly, at this point a shorter control pin 28' is inserted, so that the locking lever 26 with its locklng proJections 26a and 26b again lies flush with the inner circumferential surface 12a.

Only if the correct flat key 17 is inserted are the locking projections 26a and 26b respectively of both locking levers 26 out of engagement with the locking proJection recesses 36a and 36b respectively. The locking proJectlon recesses 36a, 36b are formed in the inner clrcumferential surface 12a as longitudinal grooves.

If a non-matching key 17' accordlng to Figure lf is inserted, the two locklng levers 26 assume the positions according to Figures lc and ld, so that according to Flgure lc the locking proJec-tion 26a engages in the locking proJection recess 36a and according to Figure ld '3 - lS3-the locking pro~ection 26b engages in the locking projectlon recess 36b. Then the cylinder lock plug 14 ls secured against rotatlon.

In the example, ln all only two control plns 28, 28' are provided. Ii` several slots 24 are occupied wlth locklng lev~rs 20 and the borinzs 30 are all equally deep or the other control points of the slde ars~a 38 of varierl level are not bored, only two difierent control pin lengths are needed.

The additional locklng pins 32 also ac-t as catches ii` a non-matching Xey 17' does not comprise a boring or comprises one which is too shallow at the position of the respective additional locking pin.

Figures 2a and 2b show a modified embodiment. It can be seen therefrom that the locking levers 126 are so dimensioned that in a restricted swivel range they do not enga~e with their locking pro~ections 126a and 126b in the locking pro,~ection recesses 136a and 136b.
Figures 2a and 2b show the cylinder lock with the right key accordin~ to Figure 2~. It is assumed here that similar slots 124 to those ln ~lgures la ansl lb are agaln occupied wlth locklng levers and that these locking levers again have allocated to them long and short control pins 128 and 128' respec-tively. In Figures 2a and 2b the locking proJections 12ffa and 126b are at approximately -the same distancq i'rom the inner cirumi'erential surPace 112a.

Flgures 2c and 2d show the angular positions of the locklng levers 12ff when a non-matching key 117' ;"'`", ~'.~`, : -, ~2~3Z~3 accordlng to ~i~ure 2h 1~ inserted. The cylinder lock plug 114 cannot then be ro-tated.

Figures 2e and 2f show the cylinder lock according to Figures 2a and 2'b, when a master key 117" accordlng to Figure 2i is inserted. The key 117" comprises borings 130"of avera~e dep-th in all control position.s of -the locklng lever-controlling slde face areas 138 of varied level, so that all locking levers 12ff present are locatqd in positlons where the cyllnder plug 114 can be rotated. ~igure 2e also shows that the upper locking projçction 126a is exactly flush with the inner circumferential surface 112a, while the lower locking pro~ectlon 12ffb is at its maximum distance from the inner circumferential surface 112a. In contras-t, ln Figure 2f the lockln~ pro~ection 126a is at its maximum distance from the inner clrcumferential surface 112a, while the locking projection 126b is flush with inner circumierential surface 112a.

The key according to Figure 2i is a grand master key and allows all the locking levers 126 to be brought lnto release posi-tions. This grand master key has without exception borings 130" of the same depth in the locking lever-controlling side face areas 13~ of varied level, these 'bor:lngs 130" being of such a dep-th that all the lockin~ levers 126 wl-th their two locking proJections 12ffa, 126'b move out of the lockin~ pro~ectlon recesses 136a, 136b. The embodiment accordlng to ~igures 2a and 2f ls particularly sui-table for sulte of locks. In suite of locks the cyllnder locks can difi'er fro~ each other inter alia by means of differing occupa-tlon o~ the slots 12g with locking levers 12ff and~or additional locklng plns 132. Furthermore, differentiation is possible , , ,.
,. ~ ' -, . .

,: , .... , ~8~3 through the variation of the profile of the i'lat key 117. ~oreover, a difference can also be brought about by varying differ bits according to Flgure la, position 23, as is usual.

Clearly, in those slots in which locking levers are present no additional locking plns need be present in the selected embodiment according to the Figures. It is i'easible, however, -to arrange -the addi-tional locking pins outside the s~ivel ran~e of the locking lever, so that in each slot an additional locking pin can also be present as well as a locking lever.

In the representations of the key accordlng to Figures le, lf and 2~ to 2i the unbored con-trol points or release surfaces 51 are each indicated by a bolder line. These control points do not differ, however, from the rest of the profile.

Figures 3a and 3b show diagrammatically a preferred embodiment of a suite of locks by means of an exemplary embodiment. Analogous parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figure la, each time increased by 200. The indices G and H indicate allocation to the positions G and H, while the indices I and II indicate allocation to two difi`erent cylinder locks I and II of the sulte of locks, consisting in -the example of only two cylinder locks.

Accordin~ to F:lgures 3a anrl ~a, a cylinder lock h~s a sin~le locklng lever 22~GI in positlon G. The other cylinder lock according to Figure 3b has according to ~i~ures 3b and ~'b a single locking lever 22~HII. The locking levers 22~GI and 226HII are slmilarly ,~, "

", , ~; ' ,~
~ .... ~ . ... ..

9~3 -~2 -dimensioned and ad~oin, respectively via control pins 228 GI or 22~ HII.of the same length, the respective flat key 217I or 217II, the first at the release level 230GI and the second at release level 230HII. It can be seen that the locklng levers 226aGI and 22~aHII lie flush wlth the inner circumferential surfaces 212aI and Z12aII respectively. Thus, ln both cylinder locks the rlgh-t key is present, so that the respective cylinder plug can be rotated.

Without difflculty it can be seen -that -the key 217II
does not match the cylinder lock according -to Figure 3a and that conversely the key 217I does not match the cylinder lock according to Figure 3b. In contrast, Figure 3c shows a master key 217I~II with two release .surfaces, that ls -to say 230GI+II and 230HI+II. The key 217I-~II accordlng to Figure 3c is thus a master Xey, which is sultable both for the cylinder lock accordlng to Pigure 3a and the cyllnder lock according to Figure 3b.

In Flgure 3a it is indicated that an additional locking pin 232HI can be arranged there in position H
and in Figure 3b it is indicated that an additional locking pin 232GII can be arranged in position G.
Figures 5a and 5b show side vlews of the keys belonging to Figures 3a and 3b respec-tively. The key according to Flgure 5a reveals a locking lever release .surface 230GI
in -the locklng lever-con-trolling side face area 238 varylng in level and an addi-tional locking lever release surface 250HI in the additional pin con-trolling side face area 23~ varying in level. Correspondingly, the flat key according to Figure 5b reveals a locking lever-con-trolling release surface 230HII in the locking lever-.. . .

controlling side face area 238 varylng in level and an additional locklng pln-con-trolling release surface 250GII ln the additional locking pln-controlling slde face area 234 varying in level. Correspondlngly, the master key accordlng to ~lgure 5c also reveals locking lever-controlllng release sur~aces 230GI-~II and 230HI~II
ln the locklng lever-controlling slde face area 238 varylng ln level and addltional locking pin release suri~aces 250GI-~II and 250HI-~II ln the addltlonal locklng pln-controlllng side face area 234 varylng ln level.

Flgures 5a to 5c also show that the keys 217I, 217II
and 217I~II are provlded wlth shaped parts 251. These shaped parts may, but do not have to, be ldentlcal for all three keys.

Obviously it is possible to arrange the locking levers in other positions A to H. In addltlon, obvlously, locking levers can be provided in each lndividual cylinder lock of the suite of locks each time in several positlons A to H, correspondlng release surfaces being arranged on the matchlng keys ln the relevant posltlons. Where no locking lever is provlded, addltional locklng pins can be mounted.

As can be seen from ~igures ~a and ~b, the locking levers 226GI and 226HII are identlcal to each other in shape and dimensions, so that in a slngle angular posltion they are out of engagement with both correspondin~ locking proJection recesses 236aGI, 236bGI
or 236aHII and 23~bHII respectively. With this embodiment lt ls necessary that the release surfaces 230GI and 230HII and all other locking lever-releasing release surfaces have the same surface depth, so that a ' master key 217I~II can be used. This means that the control pins 228GI and 228~II in the whole suite of locks are also the same length.

It is yossible ~or locking levers releascable at dlfi'erent levels to be provlded in the individual cylinder locks, ior instance ln the same positions.
However, lt is important tha-t in those posltlons, whose locking lever.s are u.~ed -to dis-tln~uish the cylinder locks within the suite of locXs, identlcal release suri~aces 230GI and 23~HII etc. are u:,ed, so that a ~aster key is possible.

It should be recogni~ed that through varying the positlons oi the locking levers and additional locking pins in the positions A to H a considerable number oi`
possible variations is crea-ted. Even the additional locking pins 23~I <Figure 3a>, 232GII ~Figure 3b>, 2.32CI <Figure 4a~ and 232DII ~Figure 4b> are constructed to be releasable at the same level, so that in this respec-t too a ~aster key is possible.

At this point it should also be noted that even at those points where possibly no locking lever and no addltional locking pins are provided, the slots necessary to receive the locking levers and the additional locking pln bores necesary to recelve the additional locklng pins can be present. This means that the cylinder plu~s i`or all the cylinder locks can be o~
idqntlcal construction and that indlvldual cyllnder locks dlf~er i`ro~ each other only through varylng occupation oi the slots by locklng levers and through varylng occupatlon oi` the addltlonal locklng pln bores by additional locking pins. ~his i.s s1gnlflcant ior ~,z~

factory production, without the accessibllity of the cylinder lock thereby being simplified for unauthorized persons.

In the example the release surfaces 230GI, 230HII, 250HI, 250GII etc. are each i`ormed of bores, the depth of the bores 2.30GI and 230HII being the same and the depth of bores 250~1I and 250GII also being the same.
Clearly, it ls also possible to obtain the release surfaces by milllng in corresponding rlbs.

If ths cyllnder lock varlation based on -the locking levers and additional locking pins is lnsufficient, for example in very large suites of locks, it is obviously also possible to use other distinguishing features to dlstingulsh the cyllnder locks within one suite of locks. For e~ample, the shaped parts 251 in the keys accordlng to Flgures 5a and 5b can be made different, in which case a master key shape must be used for the master key according to Figure 5c, which can be used both in the keyway of the cylinder lock according to Figure 4a and in the keyway of the cylinder lock according to Figure 4b. Furthermore, it is possible -to dlstinguish between the cylinder locks of a suite of locks by varylng dlffer blt height and number at polnts 223I (Figure 4a> or 223II in the cylinder lock according to Plgure 4b. In this case the breast vee-cu-ts of a master key must be so formed th~t with several or all cyllnder locks of the suite of locks it brings the tumbler pin palrs :Lnto a release poslt:lon.

In princlple lt ls also posslble to use excluslvely -the shaped key parts 251 and~or thc dl:Eier blts 223I and 223II to dlstlngulsh the cyllnder locks wlthin the sui-te ~ - "~ ; .

';;

-2~ -of locks from each other and to use the lockln~ levers and additlonal lockin~ plns to dis-tinguish different suite of locks from each other. In this latter case it ls naturally no lon~er necessary for all the locking levers to be relea:,eable at the same level, Pigure 6 shows an embodlment ln which the lockin~
proJection recesse.s 336a and 336b and the addltional locklng pln re--esses .333 are constructed in a hull 353.
Thls hull 353 can be made oi s-talnless steel and lnserted, especially pressed, into a cylinder plug bore 312. In this way the productlon of the locking projectlon recesses 336 a and 336 bis substantlally simplifled. It ls also advantageous that the hull 353 can be produced from stainless steel, because the risk of wear to the cylinder ~ock is thereby substantlally reduced compared wlth a cylinder lock ln whlch the locklng proJectlon recesses and the additional locking pin recesses are formed directly in the generally softer material of the cylinder lock case. At this point lt should be noted that for production reasons the cylinder lock case is preferably made of a non-ferrous me-tal, especially brass, which is much more senslt~ve to wear than stainless steel. The locking projection recesses and the additional locking pin recesses can be made -ta pass right through the hull 353, produc-tion -thereby being simplified even more.

Flgure 6 also shows, in contrast to the other cross-sectional Figures, that the locking proJection recesses 336a and 336b are rounded at their corners 35~a, 35~b, 35~c and 35~d. This ls of fundamental signi:eicance when -the addltlonal lockin~ pins 33Z lie in the same plane as the locking lever 326, so that on rotatlon of the ~LZ8~9~73 cylinder lock plug by means of the inserted key the additional locking pins 332 can slide over the corners 35~a to 354d without the rlsk oi` becoming caught up.

Figure 7 shows that the hull 353 is covered by the closlng plate 355 of the cylinder locX plug 314, so -that the hull 353 is lnaccessible and the appearance of the cylinder lock from the front is no different from that of conventional cylinder locks.

On the concept of the HAHN profile, reference is made to Figure 6. The HAHN profile of the cylinder lock 310 shown in Figure 6 is designated "HhH~ profile" in German technical terminology.

It has already been mentioned above that the slots and the additional lockin~ pin bores in the cylinder lock plug can be present in any positions, even where no locking lever and no additlonal locking pins are inserted in the respective cylinder lock. This is also true of the locking pro~ection recesses and the additional locking pin recesses.

Figure 6 also reveals the followi.ng polnts.

The control pin 328 conslsts of an outer portlon 328a with a larger diameter and an inner por-tlon 328b with a smaller dlameter. Aecordingly the eontrol pin bore 32~ eonslst5 of an outer portion 32ga with a larger diameter and an inner portion 32~b with a smaller diameter. In this way it is ensured that the control pin 32~ cannot fall into the locklng ehannel 322.

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~ Z8~9~73 From Figure 6 lt can be seen that the hull 353 comprises a slot 357. The defining edges of this slot lie against bearin~ surfaces 356 of the cylinder lock case 31C~, so that -the hull S5S ls fastened unrotatably in the cylinder lock case.

Claims (33)

1. A cylinder lock, comprising a cylinder lock case, especially a cylinder lock case with a HAHN profile, an axially extending cylinder lock plug supported rotatably in an axially extending cylinder plug bore having an inner circumferential surface in the cylinder lock case and having an axially extending keyway to receive a matching key having a key breast and a key back and dividing the plug bore into axially extending sides, spring-loaded pin tumblers comprising spring-loaded driver pins received in case bores and accompanying key pins received in plug bores and controlled by teeth on the key breast, and supplementary tumblers positioned axially between successive pin tumblers, said supplementary tumblers being controlled by key side face areas of varying levels and interacting with recesses in the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, wherein:
a) the cylinder lock plug is provided on at least one side of the keyway with slots spaced in the axial direction of the cylinder and positioned substantially perpendicularly to the cylinder lock plug axis;
b) at least one of said slots receives a double arm locking lever, which is positioned to swivel around a locking lever swivel shaft parallel to the cylinder plug axis and having on each arm a locking projection for engagement in a locking projection recess on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, one arm being in control connection with a locking lever-controlling, key side face area of varying levels and said lever being spring-loaded in order to maintain said control connection, both locking projections being disengageable by said matching key from both said locking projection recesses;
c) the cylinder lock plug is provided with additional locking pin bores, each of which lies with its bore axis approximately in a middle slot plane and is cut in the form of a cylinder segment into the respective slot side face;
d) at least one of said additional locking pin bores which coincide with slots not occupied by double arm locking levers is occupied by a springless additional locking pin whose end adjacent the key is controlled by a varied level key side face area controlling said at least one additional locking pin whose end remote from the keyway interacts in the manner of a cam with a locking pin recess in the circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore and which, with the matching key, way be disengaged from the respective locking pin recess by rotation of the cylinder lock plug.

2. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein the two locking lever projections are simultaneously disengageable from the respective locking projection recesses in a single angular swivel position of the double arm locking lever, both projections being simultaneously substantially flush with the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore.

3. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein the control connection between a double arm locking lever and the locking lever-controlling, varied level key side face areas is produced via a control pin, which is received by a control pin bore connecting a base of the respective slot with the keyway.

4. A cylinder lock according to claim 3, wherein the control pin bore has a larger diameter than the width of the slot and cuts into the two slot side surfaces in the manner of a cylinder segment.

5. A cylinder lock according to claim 3, wherein the or each said double arm locking lever is loaded by a coil compression spring, received by a spring bore which cuts into the side surfaces of the respective slot and/or the slot base.

6. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face areas of the key and the varied level, additional locking pin-controlling side face areas of the key lie at different distances from the key back.

7. A cylinder lock according to claim 6, wherein the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face areas of the key lie closer to the key back than do the additional locking pin-controlling, varied level side face areas of the key.

8. A cylinder lock according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein several of said slots have passing through them on at least one side of the keyway a common locking lever swivel shaft for a plurality of said locking levers.

9. A cylinder lock according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein all of said slots have passing through them on at least one side of the keyway a common locking lever swivel shaft for a plurality of said locking levers.

10. A cylinder lock according to claim 3, wherein all of the double arm locking levers are of identical construction.

11. A cylinder lock according to claim 10, wherein different release surface depths allocated to the individual double arm locking levers on the locking lever-controlling, varied level key side face area are compensated for by different lengths of control pin.

12. A cylinder lock according to claim 11, wherein the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face areas of the key comprise release surfaces with only two different surface depths and that, accordingly, only two different control pin lengths are provided.

13. A cylinder lock according to claim 3, wherein the additional locking pins and their corresponding additional locking pin bores and/or the control pins and their corresponding control pin bores each have a stepped diameter, with a bore portion adjacent the keyway with a smaller diameter and a bore portion remote from the keyway with a larger diameter.

14. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein the key is a flat key.

15. A cylinder lock according to claim 14, wherein the flat key is a profiled flat key.

16. A cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slots are milled with circularly curved slot bases by means of a side-milling cutter.

17. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder lock case has a hull located therein, said hull having an inner circumferential surface defining the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, the locking projection recesses and the additional locking pin recesses extending into said hull.

18. The cylinder lock of claim 17, wherein said hull is a press-fit in said cylinder lock case.

19. A cylinder lock according to claim 17, wherein said hull is slotted and is secured non-rotatably with its slot edges against stop faces of the cylinder lock case.

20. A cylinder lock according to claim 19, wherein said stop faces are arranged symmetrically in relation to the longitudinal central plane of the cylinder lock case.

21. A cylinder lock according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the locking projection recesses and/or the additional locking pin recesses pass completely through the hull in the radial direction.

22. A cylinder lock according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein said hull is covered at the end through which the key is inserted by a closing plate on the cylinder lock plug.

23. A flat key for the cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein said key comprises a varied level, locking lever-controlling side face area and a varied level, additional locking pin-controlling side face area at different distances from the key back on at least one of the key side faces.

24. A flat key blank for a flat key according to claim 23, whereon said blank has, at different distances from the key back, each of a shaped area raised sufficiently to form the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face area and 8 shaped area raised sufficiently to form the additional locking pin-controlling, varied level side face area.

25. A cylinder lock for individual use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is distinguished from other cylinder locks of the same basic construction by one or more of the following differences:
(a) differing occupation of the slots by the double arm locking levers and additional locking pins; (b) different forms of double arm locking lever and, as appropriate, different lengths of control pin; (c) different lengths of additional locking pin; (d) different pin tumblers with correspondingly different key breast design; (e) different profile design of the keyway and accordingly of the key.

26. A suite of locks with a plurality of cylinder locks according to claim 1, an individual key being allocated to each individual cylinder lock and a master key being allocated to said plurality of cylinder locks, wherein the individual cylinder locks of said suite differ from one another by one or more of the following differences: (a) different differ bit arrangements in the pin tumblers; (b) by different key profiles; (c) by different additional locking pin arrangements.

27. A suite of locks according to claim 26, wherein individual cylinder locks in said suite differ from one another by differing occupation of said slots by double arm locking levers, the locking projections on the locking levers being simultaneously out of engagement with the respective locking projection recesses in an angular range of finite angular value, the locking lever-controlling side face areas of the individual keys having release surfaces with at least two different surface depths, consisting of a higher surface depth and a deeper surface depth, and a master key comprising control points of surface depth which is an average of said higher and deeper surface depths.

28. A suite of locks with a plurality of cylinder locks, each cylinder lock comprising a cylinder lock case, especially a cylinder lock case with a HAHN profile, an axially extending cylinder lock plug supported rotatably in an axially extending cylinder plug bore in the cylinder lock case and having an axially extending keyway to receive a matching individual key, and tumblers which are controlled by varied level side face areas of said key and interact with recesses in the inner circumferential surface of the plug bore, wherein:
a) the cylinder lock plug is provided on at least one side of the keyway with slots spaced in the axial direction of the cylinder and positioned substantially perpendicularly to the cylinder lock plug axis;
b) at least one of said slots receives a double arm locking lever, which is positioned to swivel around a locking lever swivel shaft parallel to the cylinder plug axis and having on each arm a locking projection for engagement in a locking projection recess on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, one arm being in control connection with a locking lever-controlling key side face area of varying levels, and said lever being spring-loaded in order to maintain said control connection, both locking projections being disengageable by said matching individual key from both locking projection recesses;
c) the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face areas of the matching individual key comprise release surfaces with at least two different surface depths consisting of a higher surface depth and a deeper surface depth;
d) the locking levers have an angular swivel range of finite angular value, within which both the locking lever locking projections are out of engagement with the locking projection recesses;
e) a master key comprises release surfaces of surface depth which is an average of said higher and deeper surface depths.

29. A suite of locks with a group of cylinder locks according to claim 2, wherein at least some of the cylinder locks within the group are distinguished from each other by different positions along the axis of said cylinder lock of double arm locking levers releasable at the same level, that individual keys matched to respective ones of said locks each have release surfaces of the same surface depth in those positions where said locking levers releasable at the same level are present in the corresponding cylinder lock and that a master key comprises release surfaces of the same surface depth for all said locking levers releasable at the same level of several or all of the cylinder locks in the group.

30. A suite of locks according to claim 29, wherein said looking levers serving to distinguish the cylinder locks within the group are identical in form and size and, interact with control pins of the same size providing a control connection between said locking levers and the locking lever-controlling, varied level key side face areas.

31. A cylinder lock, comprising z cylinder lock case, especially a cylinder lock case with a HAHN profile, an axially extending cylinder lock plug supported rotatably in an axially extending cylinder plug bore in the cylinder lock case and having an axially extending keyway to receive a matching key and dividing the plug bore into two axially extending sides, spring-loaded pin tumblers comprising spring-loaded driver pins received in case bores and accompanying key pins received in plug bores and controlled by teeth on the key breast, and supplementary tumblers positioned axially between successive pin tumblers, said supplementary tumblers being controlled by key side face areas of varying levels and interacting with recesses in the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, the following features being provided in combination:
a) the cylinder lock plug is provided on at least one side of the keyway with slots spaced in the axial direction of the cylinder and positioned substantially perpendicularly to the cylinder lock plug axis;
b) at least one of said slots receives a respective double arm locking lever located on only one respective side of said keyway, said double arm locking lever being positioned to swivel around a locking lever swivel shaft parallel to the cylinder plug axis, both arms of the or each said double arm locking lever having a respective locking projection f or engagement in respective circumferentially spaced locking projection recesses on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore, one of said two arms of the or each double arm locking lever being in control connection with a locking lever-controlling, key side face area of varying levels, the or each said double arm locking lever being spring-loaded in order to maintain this control connection, both locking projections of the or each said double arm locking lever being simultaneously disengageable by the matching key from both respective locking projection recesses;
c) the cylinder lock plug is provided with additional locking pin bores, each of which is located on one respective side of the sides of said keyway and each of which lies with its bore axis approximately in a middle slot plane extending perpendicular of the cylinder plug axis and cut in the form of a cylinder segment into the respective slot side face;
d) at least one of said additional locking pin bores which coincide with slots not occupied by double arm locking levers is occupied by a springless additional locking in, whose end adjacent the key is controlled by a varied level additional locking pin-controlling key side face area controlling said at least one additional locking pin and radially spaced from said locking lever-controlling key side face area, whose end remote from the keyway interacts in the manner of a cam with a locking pin recess in the circumferential surface of the cylinder plug bore and which, with the matching key, may be disengaged from the respective locking pin recess by rotation of the cylinder lock plug, a plurality of locations on both sides being adapted for either receiving a locking lever in a respective slot or an additional locking pin in the cylinder segments of the slot side faces of such respective slot.

32. A flat key for the cylinder lock according to claim 31, wherein said key comprises a varied level, locking lever-controlling side face area and a varied level, additional locking pin-controlling side face area at different distances from the key back on at least one of the key side faces.

33. A flat key blank for a flat key according to claim 31, wherein said blank has, at different distances from the key back, each of a shaped area raised sufficiently to form the locking lever-controlling, varied level side face area and a shaped area raised sufficiently to form the additional locking pin-controlling, varied level side face area.