CA1270351A - Fire retardant insulation spray coating composition - Google Patents
Fire retardant insulation spray coating compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1270351A CA1270351A CA000505876A CA505876A CA1270351A CA 1270351 A CA1270351 A CA 1270351A CA 000505876 A CA000505876 A CA 000505876A CA 505876 A CA505876 A CA 505876A CA 1270351 A CA1270351 A CA 1270351A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- silicate
- coating
- weight
- fire
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The use of a liquid mixture of a liquid alkali-metal silicate preferably sodium or potassium silicate and more preferably sodium silicate with an inert mineral filler selected from perlite and vermiculite, suitably in an amount from 5 to 50% by weight and a mineral powder suitably selected from aluminium trihydrate and Wollastonite in an amount such as to intumesce with said silicate and to form a non-porous ceramic coating when subject to fire and suitably in an amount from 2 to 25% by weight for the protection of steel beams and columns against twisting due to fire. The formation of such coating both insulates and protects the steel beam or column from the heat from said fire. Suitably the thickness of the coating is at least two inches and is preferably from 2 to 4 inches to achieve the protection.
The use of a liquid mixture of a liquid alkali-metal silicate preferably sodium or potassium silicate and more preferably sodium silicate with an inert mineral filler selected from perlite and vermiculite, suitably in an amount from 5 to 50% by weight and a mineral powder suitably selected from aluminium trihydrate and Wollastonite in an amount such as to intumesce with said silicate and to form a non-porous ceramic coating when subject to fire and suitably in an amount from 2 to 25% by weight for the protection of steel beams and columns against twisting due to fire. The formation of such coating both insulates and protects the steel beam or column from the heat from said fire. Suitably the thickness of the coating is at least two inches and is preferably from 2 to 4 inches to achieve the protection.
Description
~27~3~
The present invention relates to the protection of surfaces and in particular steel beams and columns in commer-cial buildings from -twisting due to fire and in par-ticular related to a fire retardant composi-ti.on which may be sprayed onto the surfaces o:E the steel beams and columns from conven--tional spray equipment.
Heretofore, for their protec-tion from twisting in a fire in commercial buildings steel columns and beams have inter _ia been coated with a wet mixture of cement and rockwool and 1~ such a coating, which is normally sprayed onto the columns from specially designed spray equipment, has been found to be very effective i.n s-topping the steel columns and beams from twisting and heing subjected to fi..re condi.tions and readily passes the steel column Eire enduxance tes-t.
Howevex, the appearance of the coating is poor and it i.s necessary when a good appearance is required, i.e., where the beam or column is visible in occupied parts of the builidng to further treat the surface of the steel column -to improve its appearance. Further, the use of an aqueous mixture o:E cement and rockwool involves -the use of a subs-tantial amount oE water which makes the p:rocess of coating -the columns very messy and due to the presence of large amounts of water there is dripping of the coated colùmns. This li.mits the areas of the buildings in-which the beams and columns can be coated. In particular, it is not desi.rable to coat steel columns and beams with this mi~ture in areas where the interior decoration of the building has been effected.
It is also known to coat the steel columns and beams with a mixture of alkali.-metal silicate, rockwool and paper 3~ fibers. I-Iowever, it is found that -the rockwool, due -to its low melting point, tends to ~nel-t when subjected to fire and the compositlon does not pass the steel. column fi.re endurance test.
~ 27~335~
It is an o~ject of the present invention to provi.de a composition which may be sprayed on-to steel columns and beams in buildings i.rrespective of thei.r location, involving the use of minimum amounts of water, thus not causing any significan-t mess problems in application of the coating ancl at the same ti.me to provide a good appearance ln -the flnished steel column or beam and further to provide efficien-t pro-tection to avoi.d twisting of the steel colum or beam under fire condi-tions and thus be able to pass the steel column fire endurance test.
According to -the present invention, therefore, there is provided a method of protec-ting steel beams and columns from twisting in a building construction when subjected to fire, which comprises coating said bearns and columns wi.th a mixture of a li.quid alkali-metal silicate, an inert mineral fllle~ selected from perlite, and vermiculite and a mineral powder i.n an amount such as to intumesce with said silica-te and form a non-porous ceramic coating when subjected to fire.
The liquid alkali-metal silicate is preferably sodium or potassium silica-te, such as supplied under the trademarks KASIL, Kasil 88, Kasil 6, by PQ Corporation or SS, SS65, SSG, GD
by National Sili.cates Ltd. The liquid alkali--metal silicate ~s preferably sodium silicate for economic reasons and is suitably waterglass. It will be noted that the only liquid present in -the mi.xture is this li.quid alkali-metal silicate whi.ch con-tains ~a minirnum amount of water and thus the spraylng of the coating composition does no-t present any mess or excess water when it is sprayed onto the steel columns or beams.
The mineral powder is one wilich when present in a sufficient amount will intumesce with said silicate to form a non-porous ceramic coating when subjected ~o ~ire and is sui.tably a].uminium trihy~rate, such as that supplied under the t~ademark llydrated Alumina Polyfil 130 or Wollast:onite such as . .
~X7C~35~
that supplied under the trademark Nyad or Nycor by -the Nyco Division of Process Minerals Inc. In order -to achieve such a non-porous cexamic coating when subjected -to fire, the mi.neral powde:r is suit.ably pre-,ent i.n an amount from 2 to 25% by wei.ght, and more preferahly 10 to 20~ b~ wei.ght il~ -the composition. The inert mineral filler issuitably selected from perlite or ver-miculite which rnaterials besides providing thermal insulation and sound control where required also provde for flre retar-dancy. Further perli-te has a meltlng poi.nt of around 1800 C
vermiculite around 1500C and thus they do not melt in the composition when i-t is subjected to fire, thus maintai.ning -the thermal insula-tion of the composi-tion when subjected to fire.
~ gain the use of par-ticulate vermiculite and perlite provides a very at-tractive appearance to 'che surface of the coated steel beam or column.
In order to achieve the protection of the steel columns and beams the coatlng must of course be of suEficient thickness and suitably the thickness of -the column should be a-t least 2 inches and more preferably of the order to 4 i.nches or more. The maximum -thickness is purely one of economics and desirability. A typical composition which achieves the good appearance and good protection of the steel. column or beam and provides the therrnal insulation and sound control where required i.s one which comprises 40% by weight sodium sil.lcate, 40% by wei.ght perlite and 20% by welght Nyad 400. Such a composition coated onto a steel beam or column, by conventional spray methods using conventional equipment at a thickness of 2 to 4 inches provides -the requlred protecti.on to prevent twisting of the steel columns and beams under flre conditlons and passes the steel column fire endurance tes-t.
It is of cours~ man:i.festly clear -that whi.le the com-posi-tion of the present invention are prlmaril.y intended -to be .,..___.. .......
~27~33S~
used for coating steel co1umns and beams to protect them from twisting under fire conditions in commercial buildings due to the ease of application and the non-messy application it is also possible to coat the surfaces in buildings which have already been subjected to decoration and in particular can be used for spraying ceilings to form a stippled Fire retardant coating thereon. Thus, the present invention also provides a method of forming a fire retardant stipple coating on a ceiling which comprises of blowing thereon the aforesaid composition.
Suitably the amount of mineral filler, such as the Nyad is in the range 2 to 5~%. The protec-tion of the beams and columns from fire increases with amount of mineral powder present. However, as the amount of mineral filler approaches above 50% by weight it is found that there is substantial dusting which occurs in the application of the coating to the steel beams and columns which is undesirable.
The present invention relates to the protection of surfaces and in particular steel beams and columns in commer-cial buildings from -twisting due to fire and in par-ticular related to a fire retardant composi-ti.on which may be sprayed onto the surfaces o:E the steel beams and columns from conven--tional spray equipment.
Heretofore, for their protec-tion from twisting in a fire in commercial buildings steel columns and beams have inter _ia been coated with a wet mixture of cement and rockwool and 1~ such a coating, which is normally sprayed onto the columns from specially designed spray equipment, has been found to be very effective i.n s-topping the steel columns and beams from twisting and heing subjected to fi..re condi.tions and readily passes the steel column Eire enduxance tes-t.
Howevex, the appearance of the coating is poor and it i.s necessary when a good appearance is required, i.e., where the beam or column is visible in occupied parts of the builidng to further treat the surface of the steel column -to improve its appearance. Further, the use of an aqueous mixture o:E cement and rockwool involves -the use of a subs-tantial amount oE water which makes the p:rocess of coating -the columns very messy and due to the presence of large amounts of water there is dripping of the coated colùmns. This li.mits the areas of the buildings in-which the beams and columns can be coated. In particular, it is not desi.rable to coat steel columns and beams with this mi~ture in areas where the interior decoration of the building has been effected.
It is also known to coat the steel columns and beams with a mixture of alkali.-metal silicate, rockwool and paper 3~ fibers. I-Iowever, it is found that -the rockwool, due -to its low melting point, tends to ~nel-t when subjected to fire and the compositlon does not pass the steel. column fi.re endurance test.
~ 27~335~
It is an o~ject of the present invention to provi.de a composition which may be sprayed on-to steel columns and beams in buildings i.rrespective of thei.r location, involving the use of minimum amounts of water, thus not causing any significan-t mess problems in application of the coating ancl at the same ti.me to provide a good appearance ln -the flnished steel column or beam and further to provide efficien-t pro-tection to avoi.d twisting of the steel colum or beam under fire condi-tions and thus be able to pass the steel column fire endurance test.
According to -the present invention, therefore, there is provided a method of protec-ting steel beams and columns from twisting in a building construction when subjected to fire, which comprises coating said bearns and columns wi.th a mixture of a li.quid alkali-metal silicate, an inert mineral fllle~ selected from perlite, and vermiculite and a mineral powder i.n an amount such as to intumesce with said silica-te and form a non-porous ceramic coating when subjected to fire.
The liquid alkali-metal silicate is preferably sodium or potassium silica-te, such as supplied under the trademarks KASIL, Kasil 88, Kasil 6, by PQ Corporation or SS, SS65, SSG, GD
by National Sili.cates Ltd. The liquid alkali--metal silicate ~s preferably sodium silicate for economic reasons and is suitably waterglass. It will be noted that the only liquid present in -the mi.xture is this li.quid alkali-metal silicate whi.ch con-tains ~a minirnum amount of water and thus the spraylng of the coating composition does no-t present any mess or excess water when it is sprayed onto the steel columns or beams.
The mineral powder is one wilich when present in a sufficient amount will intumesce with said silicate to form a non-porous ceramic coating when subjected ~o ~ire and is sui.tably a].uminium trihy~rate, such as that supplied under the t~ademark llydrated Alumina Polyfil 130 or Wollast:onite such as . .
~X7C~35~
that supplied under the trademark Nyad or Nycor by -the Nyco Division of Process Minerals Inc. In order -to achieve such a non-porous cexamic coating when subjected -to fire, the mi.neral powde:r is suit.ably pre-,ent i.n an amount from 2 to 25% by wei.ght, and more preferahly 10 to 20~ b~ wei.ght il~ -the composition. The inert mineral filler issuitably selected from perlite or ver-miculite which rnaterials besides providing thermal insulation and sound control where required also provde for flre retar-dancy. Further perli-te has a meltlng poi.nt of around 1800 C
vermiculite around 1500C and thus they do not melt in the composition when i-t is subjected to fire, thus maintai.ning -the thermal insula-tion of the composi-tion when subjected to fire.
~ gain the use of par-ticulate vermiculite and perlite provides a very at-tractive appearance to 'che surface of the coated steel beam or column.
In order to achieve the protection of the steel columns and beams the coatlng must of course be of suEficient thickness and suitably the thickness of -the column should be a-t least 2 inches and more preferably of the order to 4 i.nches or more. The maximum -thickness is purely one of economics and desirability. A typical composition which achieves the good appearance and good protection of the steel. column or beam and provides the therrnal insulation and sound control where required i.s one which comprises 40% by weight sodium sil.lcate, 40% by wei.ght perlite and 20% by welght Nyad 400. Such a composition coated onto a steel beam or column, by conventional spray methods using conventional equipment at a thickness of 2 to 4 inches provides -the requlred protecti.on to prevent twisting of the steel columns and beams under flre conditlons and passes the steel column fire endurance tes-t.
It is of cours~ man:i.festly clear -that whi.le the com-posi-tion of the present invention are prlmaril.y intended -to be .,..___.. .......
~27~33S~
used for coating steel co1umns and beams to protect them from twisting under fire conditions in commercial buildings due to the ease of application and the non-messy application it is also possible to coat the surfaces in buildings which have already been subjected to decoration and in particular can be used for spraying ceilings to form a stippled Fire retardant coating thereon. Thus, the present invention also provides a method of forming a fire retardant stipple coating on a ceiling which comprises of blowing thereon the aforesaid composition.
Suitably the amount of mineral filler, such as the Nyad is in the range 2 to 5~%. The protec-tion of the beams and columns from fire increases with amount of mineral powder present. However, as the amount of mineral filler approaches above 50% by weight it is found that there is substantial dusting which occurs in the application of the coating to the steel beams and columns which is undesirable.
Claims (16)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for protecting steel columns and beams in a commercial building construction from twisting when subjected to fire, which comprises coating said columns and beams with a mixture of a liquid alkali-metal silicate, 5 to 50% by weight of an inert mineral filler selected from perlite and vermiculite, 2 to 25% by weight of a mineral powder which will intumesce with said silicate and form a non-porous ceramic coating when sub-jected to fire.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the min-eral powder is present in the mixture in an amount from 10 to 20%
by weight.
by weight.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the inert mineral filler is present in the mixture in the amount of from 20 to 40% by weight.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the mineral powder is selected from aluminium trihydrate and wol-lastonite.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the inert mineral filler is perlite.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the alkali-metal silicate is sodium or potassium silicate.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the alkali-metal silicate is sodium silicate.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the coating is at least 2 inches in thickness.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the coating is at least about 4 inches in thickness.
10. A method for protecting a ceiling in a building from the effects of fire which comprises coating by spraying thereon a mixture of a liquid alkali-metal silicate, 5 to 50% by weight of an inert mineral filler selected from perlite and ver-miculite and 2 to 25% by weight of a mineral powder which will intumesce with said silicate and form a non-porous ceramic coat-ing when subjected to fire, said coating being in the form of a stippled coating.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, in which the min-eral powder is present in the mixture in an amount from 10 to 20%
by weight.
by weight.
12. A method as claimed in claim 10, in which the inert mineral filler is present in the mixture in the amount of from 20 to 40% by weight.
13. A method as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the mineral powder is selected from aluminium trihydrate and wollastonite.
14. A method as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the inert mineral filler is perlite.
15. A method as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the alkali-metal silicate is sodium or potassium silicate.
16. A method as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the alkali-metal silicate is sodium silicate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000505876A CA1270351A (en) | 1986-04-04 | 1986-04-04 | Fire retardant insulation spray coating composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000505876A CA1270351A (en) | 1986-04-04 | 1986-04-04 | Fire retardant insulation spray coating composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1270351A true CA1270351A (en) | 1990-06-19 |
Family
ID=4132806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000505876A Expired CA1270351A (en) | 1986-04-04 | 1986-04-04 | Fire retardant insulation spray coating composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1270351A (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-04-04 CA CA000505876A patent/CA1270351A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |