CA1267353A - Radiant heater - Google Patents
Radiant heaterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1267353A CA1267353A CA000549184A CA549184A CA1267353A CA 1267353 A CA1267353 A CA 1267353A CA 000549184 A CA000549184 A CA 000549184A CA 549184 A CA549184 A CA 549184A CA 1267353 A CA1267353 A CA 1267353A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- chamber
- intake
- radiator
- disposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C1/00—Stoves or ranges in which the fuel or energy supply is not restricted to solid fuel or to a type covered by a single one of the following groups F24C3/00 - F24C9/00; Stoves or ranges in which the type of fuel or energy supply is not specified
- F24C1/14—Radiation heating stoves and ranges, with additional provision for convection heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C1/00—Stoves or ranges in which the fuel or energy supply is not restricted to solid fuel or to a type covered by a single one of the following groups F24C3/00 - F24C9/00; Stoves or ranges in which the type of fuel or energy supply is not specified
- F24C1/08—Stoves or ranges in which the fuel or energy supply is not restricted to solid fuel or to a type covered by a single one of the following groups F24C3/00 - F24C9/00; Stoves or ranges in which the type of fuel or energy supply is not specified solely adapted for radiation heating
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a high output radiant heater which uses a heat exchanger to obtain a variety of types of heat from a single power source.
The heater is comprised of a housing; a combustion chamber in the housing the combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, the chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along the central axis; a heat exchange chamber surrounding the intake end of the combustion chamber; a heat exchanger disposed within the heat exchange chamber; radiator means defining the exhaust end of the combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of the exhaust end of the combustion chamber, the radiator having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing the central axis, each of the passages having an inlet end communicating with the combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into the heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter the passage inlets and flow therealong and into the heat exchange chamber; and reflector means surrounding the radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of the housing heat radiated by the radiator means.
The present invention provides a high output radiant heater which uses a heat exchanger to obtain a variety of types of heat from a single power source.
The heater is comprised of a housing; a combustion chamber in the housing the combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, the chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along the central axis; a heat exchange chamber surrounding the intake end of the combustion chamber; a heat exchanger disposed within the heat exchange chamber; radiator means defining the exhaust end of the combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of the exhaust end of the combustion chamber, the radiator having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing the central axis, each of the passages having an inlet end communicating with the combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into the heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter the passage inlets and flow therealong and into the heat exchange chamber; and reflector means surrounding the radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of the housing heat radiated by the radiator means.
Description
;7353 The present invention relates to a radiant heater.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The criterion Eor evaluating a radiant heater are output, efficiency and versatili-ty. Output is impor-5 tant, as in applications such as soil sterilization thesterilization will not occur unless specified heat levels are attained. Efficiency is important as fuel costs may determine whether use o~ -the heater for a specific application is economically viable. Ver-10 satility is important as heating requirements fromindustry to industry, or even within a single industry, vary with the application.
SUMMARY OF T~E I~VENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to 15 provide an improved radiant heater.
Broadly, the present invention provides a radiant heater which is comprised of a housing; a combustion chamber in the housing, the combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an in-take end having an intake 20 opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, the chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along the central axis; a heat exchange chamber surrounding the intake end of the combustion chamber; a heat exchanger disposed within the 25 heat exchange chamber, the heat exchanger having a pipe ormed into a plurality of coils one end of which is adapted to be connected to means Eor circulating fluids;
radiator means surrounding the combustion chamber, the radiator means defining the exhaust end of the combus-3~ tion chamber for :radiating heat radially outwardly ofthe exhaust end of the combustion chamber, radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing the central axis, each of the passages having an inlet end communicating with -the 35 combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into the .'. ~;
.
lleat exchange chamber, whereby p:roducts oE combustion enter the passage inlets and Elow therealong and into the heat exchange chamber; and reflector means surround-ing the radiator means for reflectlng axially outwardly 5 of the housing heat radiated by the radiator means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the :Eollowing description in which reference is made -to the appended drawings, 10 wherein:
FIGURE l is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention taken at section line 2-2 of 15 FIGURE 1.
FI~URE 3 is a sectional view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of the inven-tion taken at section line 3-3 of FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 4 is a section view of a preferred embodi-20 ment of the invention taken a-t section line 4-4 of FIGURE l~
FIGURE 5 is a cut away view of a preferred embodi-ment o:E the invention.
ETAILED DESCRIPTION_OF_HE I ENTION
The preferred embodiment of the invention is a radiant heater generally designated by reference numeral 10, which is illustrated in and will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5.
The primary components of radiant heater 10 are, a 30 housing 12, a combustion chamber 14, a heat exchange cha-mb~r 16, a heater exchanger 18, a radiator ~0 and a reflector 22.
,, ~'-3~
Housing 12 is generally cy:~ndrical in cross-section, having a central core port 'on 13, and an outer circum~erence portlon 15, which are secured in relat~ve position by a plurality of struts 1. whi~-h ~re welded 'o portions 13 and 15. Attached to ~.ousing 12 are front and rear mounting brackets 24 and 26. Rear mounting brackets 24 has apertures 28 wh'ch are adapted to receive a f ixed shaf t 30 . The ends 32 of f ixed shaft 30 are received in apertures 34 o~ su?ports 36, in order that housing 12 may be mounted in fa^tory premises or on a platform 19 of a trailer 21 as i:~ustrated in FIGUR~
1. Front mounting bracket 26 is ada?ted to be connected to hydraulic mounts 23 on platform 19, $n order that the central axis 38 of radiant heater 10 may be adjusted verticall~. :Radiant heater 10 is not capable of lateral ad~ustment, other than through relatiYe posltioning of pla~form 19 upon which heater 10 i5 mounted.
Combustion cha~er 14 is disposed within housing 12, and defines central axis 38. Combustion chamber 14 has an intake end 40 having an $ntake opening 42 thereat. Positioned at intake opening 42 ls a gas burner 44. Combustion air is provided to burner 44 through fresh air inlet 46, which is connected by ~r duct 48 to end 50 of burner 44. Conbustion chamber 14 has an exhaust end 52 having a discharge opening 54 thereat. Combustion chamber 14 deflnes a flow passage for products of combustion along oentral axls 38.
Intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14 progressively increases in slze about central axis 38 from intake opening 42 towards discharge opening 54. Exhaust end 52 of combustion chamber 14 progressively decreases in slze from intake end 40 to discharge opening S~ of combustlon chambcr 14.
Burner 44 has a ~uel pump 45 wh~ch draws fuel fro~
fuel tank 47 through filter 49 and fuel suctlon l~ne S1.
~.~6~7~5~
Burner 44 is a two stage burner an~ has a firs~ s~age no~zle 53 and a second stage noz~:~ 55. The flow of fuel from fue~ pump 45 to no~z:Gs 53 and 55 are controlled by solenoid valves 57, ~:~1ch oPe~ to permit the passage of fuel at 34 second in-ervals. Should the air fuel mlxture ~ail to ignlte, soleno~d valves 57 remain closed in order to prevent an excess of fuel from be~ng pumped into burner 44. Excess fuel is returned to fuel tank 47 through fuel return lir.e 59. The presence 1O of solenoid valves 57 and fuel returr. line S9 are safety features to prevent the pos~ibil~ty of explosion~.
Burner 44 can be adapted for operation on any of a number of fuels, ~uch as propane, ~atural gas, diesel fuel, kerosene, and the like.
Radiator 20 is ~in the ~or- of a corrugated conical shell having a. la~yer end 56 concentrically disposed about axi~ 38 and ad~ace~.t intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14, and a ~maller end 58 20 concentrically disposed about axis 38. Radiator 20 defines exhaust end 52 of co~bustion chamber 14 and serves to radiate heat radlally outwardly of exhaust end 52 of combustion chamber 14. Radiator 20 ha~ a plurality of corrugations 61 disposed in plane~ 62 25 containing central axis 38. Corrugation~ 61 are open with the exception of an 18 inch portion remote from smalicr end 58, which is enclosed form~ng fluld flow pa6sages 60. Passages 60 have an lnlet end opening 64 communlcat~ng with combustion chamber 14 and an 30 outlet end 66 remote communicating with heat exchange chamber 16. Products of co~bustion from combu~tion chamber 14 flow from smaller end 5B of con$cal radiator 20, along open corrugations 61 ev~ntually entering passage inlets 64 of passages 60, throu~h 35 outlets 66 and into heat exchange chamber 16. In order that the flow of exhaust gases from inlet end 64 to outlet end 66 may be retarded t~ retain heat wlthin radiator 20 baffl~ partitions 68 and a splral ba~le 70 7~3S~3 are disposed in passages 60, as ls lllustrated ln FIGURE 3.
Conical radiator 20 has an 'rregular exterior s surface 72, which can be attributed to the ~resence of corrugati~ns 61, which ~re present c~. both the interior and exterior surfaces. Corrugations 61 serve to provide a greater surface area for the ~adiation of heat.
~eflector 22 surrounds radiator 20 for reflecting 10 axially outwardly of housing 12 heat rad~ated by radiator 20. Radiator 20 is ~ade ou~ of materials which are known by the trade name "Ferrotherm 4816".
Ferrotherm 4816 was oriyinally develop~d for use in atomic reactors, and has a composi~ion which includes 15 79.9% nickel and .29% titanium for resistance to tempera-ture, aud 1.2% aluminum fo: flexibility. The surface of reflector 2~ ~s sub~ec~ed to a treatment which is described by Krupp Industries of Germany as being "glo-heated". The applicant has attempted to 20 obtain further particulars of this treatment for the purpose of making a full and comp.ete disclosure, and has been advised that the treatment i5 a trade secret of Krupp Industries.
Heat exchange chamber 16 surro~nds intake end 40 of combustion cha~ber 14. Heat exchange chamber 16 has two ann~lar rlngs, a collector ring 76 and an exhaus~ ring 7R. Collector ring 76 communicates with outlet end 66 of each of passages 60. Exhaust ring ~ has an opening 80 which is connected to exhaust duc~ 82. There are two openings 77, whlch permit communication of exhaust gases betwesn collector ring 76 and exhaust ring 78.
Exhaust ring 78 i5 smaller in size than collector ring 76 as the air has cooled down and contracted somewhat by the time it reaches exhaust ring 78.
~;7;3~
A heat exchanger la i5 disr~sed within heat exchange chamber 16. Heat exchange~ lB is comprlsed of two of pipes, 84 and 8~, confi~urec in coils. Pipe 84 i5 posltiolled in collector ring 76, Pipe 34 is 5 connected at one end 85 to cold ai~ intake duct BP and at the opposite end 89 to hot air o-:~let duct 90. Plpe 84 i5 formed into nine coils 92 w :hin collector ring 76. An air blower 94 is connected to cold air intake duct 88 at end 85 of pipe 84 to blow ambient air through 10 pipe 84. As air circulates within coils 92 of plpe 84, the air becomes heated by the products of combustion in collector ring 76. End 89 of pipe a4 is adapted to be connected to the duct wor~ of a hot alr heating system (not shown). Pipe 86 is positioned in exhaust ring 78.
15 Pipe 86 is connected at one end 95 ~~ cold water intake duct 96 and at the opposite end 97 ~o hot water outlet duct 98. Cold wa.ter intake duct 56 is adapted to be connected to a water -source (not shown) . A manual control valve 100 is placed at ene 95 of pipe 36 to 20 control wate~.flow. Pipe B6 is fo~ed into three coils 102, within exhaust rin~ 78. As water circulates through coils 102 of pipe 86, the water becomes heated by the products of combustion within exhaust ring ~8.
End 37 of pipe 86 is adapted to be connected to a network of pipes forming a hot water heating system (not shown).
To operate radiant heater 10, burner 44 is connected to fuel tan~ 47, and air is drawn through fre h air inlet 46 via alr duct 48 until the air/fuel mixture is ignited wlthin combustion chamber 14. The products of combustion pass through intake opening 42 at intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14 and move along centra~ axis 33 to discharge opening 54 at discharge end 52 of combustion chamber 14. At discharge end 52 the products of combustion pass through di~charge open~ng 54 into inlet end 64 of pas~age 60. ~he movement of the 73~
products of combustion along passas~ 60 is retarded by baffle partitlons 68 and a spir~: ba'fle 70 within passages 60. When the products of combus~iorl reach the outlet end 66 of passage 60, the p-,ducts of combustion are discharge~ into collector rins 76 of heat exchange chamber 16. The products of combust'on then flow around collector ring ~6 of heat exchange c:~amber 14, thsn into exhaust ring 78 of heat exchange chamber 14, finally being vented out a single exhaust d~t B2.
At the same time as the above described combustion cycle is opera~ing, two other :~eatlng cycles are operating within heat exchange chamber 16. With one of these cycles, air is blown by blower 94 via cold air 15 inlét duc~- 8~ into pipe 84. Air circula~es through ~oils 92 of p1pe 84 until it reaches hot air outlet duct 90. As the air pas5~s through coi:s 92 of p~pe 84 it becomes heated by the products o' combustion within collecto~l r~ng 76. Hot air outle~ duct 90 serves a 20 secondary function of preheating t~.e air which enters through fresh air 'inlet 46 into barner 44. This i5 accomplished by placing air duct 4~ and hot air outlet ducS 90 in close proximity such that a partial heat exchan~e ta~es place. Preheatins the alr entering 25 ~urner 44, assists in combustion, provided the air is not heated to too great an extènt. Prehea~ing the air to approximately 50 degrees celslus is viewed as acceptable. Due to the tendency o~ air to expand when heated, heating the air to too great an ext~nt can 30 create an undesirable bac~ pressure within the system.
With the other of these cyc:es, water 1B drawn through cold water intake 96 into plpe 86. As wa~r circulates around coils 102 o~ plpe 86, the w~ter is 35 heated by the products of combustion within exhaust rin~
~8. Water flowlng from hot water outlet 98, is heated and can either be used as such or can be connected to a hot water heating system t not shown).
i'7;3S3 The output of heat from radiat-r 20 is enhanced by c o r r u g a t i o n s 6~ a n d -e f lecto r 22 .
Corrugations 61 serve to provlde ~ larger surface area for the radiat~on of heat. Re'lector 22 reflects Gutwardly the heat of radiator 20.
It will be apparent to one s~i:led in the art that an increased output can be obtained from radiant heater lO by virtue of baffle partitions ~a and spiral ba~fle lO ~ retarding the movement of produc~s of combustlon and thereby retaining heat within radiator 20. Ie will similarly be apparent that a greater efficiency o f operation is ~btained by preheating air intake lnto burner 44, and through use of heat exchange ch~mber 16 15 and heat exchanger 18 to give othe- ~or~s of heat from - the same fuel source. It will si311arly be apparent that radiant heater lO, has increased versatility and adaptabi.lity as radiant heat, hot hater, or heated air can be supplied as the appllcation aemands. It will be 20 apparent to one skilled in the art ~hat radiant heater 10, can be adapted to provide steam heating, by circulating water within heat exchan~er 18 until ~t beco~es converted to steam.
Radiator 20 is constructed to be able to with~tand te~peratures approaching 1500 degrees centigrade. ~n controlled tests conducted by the Alberta Re~earch Councll, the radiant heat produced was between 1150 and 1250 degrees cent~grade, and hot air output wa~ 600 30 cubic feet per minute at a temperature of 680 degrees c~ntigrade~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The criterion Eor evaluating a radiant heater are output, efficiency and versatili-ty. Output is impor-5 tant, as in applications such as soil sterilization thesterilization will not occur unless specified heat levels are attained. Efficiency is important as fuel costs may determine whether use o~ -the heater for a specific application is economically viable. Ver-10 satility is important as heating requirements fromindustry to industry, or even within a single industry, vary with the application.
SUMMARY OF T~E I~VENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to 15 provide an improved radiant heater.
Broadly, the present invention provides a radiant heater which is comprised of a housing; a combustion chamber in the housing, the combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an in-take end having an intake 20 opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, the chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along the central axis; a heat exchange chamber surrounding the intake end of the combustion chamber; a heat exchanger disposed within the 25 heat exchange chamber, the heat exchanger having a pipe ormed into a plurality of coils one end of which is adapted to be connected to means Eor circulating fluids;
radiator means surrounding the combustion chamber, the radiator means defining the exhaust end of the combus-3~ tion chamber for :radiating heat radially outwardly ofthe exhaust end of the combustion chamber, radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing the central axis, each of the passages having an inlet end communicating with -the 35 combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into the .'. ~;
.
lleat exchange chamber, whereby p:roducts oE combustion enter the passage inlets and Elow therealong and into the heat exchange chamber; and reflector means surround-ing the radiator means for reflectlng axially outwardly 5 of the housing heat radiated by the radiator means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the :Eollowing description in which reference is made -to the appended drawings, 10 wherein:
FIGURE l is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention taken at section line 2-2 of 15 FIGURE 1.
FI~URE 3 is a sectional view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of the inven-tion taken at section line 3-3 of FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 4 is a section view of a preferred embodi-20 ment of the invention taken a-t section line 4-4 of FIGURE l~
FIGURE 5 is a cut away view of a preferred embodi-ment o:E the invention.
ETAILED DESCRIPTION_OF_HE I ENTION
The preferred embodiment of the invention is a radiant heater generally designated by reference numeral 10, which is illustrated in and will now be described with reference to FIGURES 1 through 5.
The primary components of radiant heater 10 are, a 30 housing 12, a combustion chamber 14, a heat exchange cha-mb~r 16, a heater exchanger 18, a radiator ~0 and a reflector 22.
,, ~'-3~
Housing 12 is generally cy:~ndrical in cross-section, having a central core port 'on 13, and an outer circum~erence portlon 15, which are secured in relat~ve position by a plurality of struts 1. whi~-h ~re welded 'o portions 13 and 15. Attached to ~.ousing 12 are front and rear mounting brackets 24 and 26. Rear mounting brackets 24 has apertures 28 wh'ch are adapted to receive a f ixed shaf t 30 . The ends 32 of f ixed shaft 30 are received in apertures 34 o~ su?ports 36, in order that housing 12 may be mounted in fa^tory premises or on a platform 19 of a trailer 21 as i:~ustrated in FIGUR~
1. Front mounting bracket 26 is ada?ted to be connected to hydraulic mounts 23 on platform 19, $n order that the central axis 38 of radiant heater 10 may be adjusted verticall~. :Radiant heater 10 is not capable of lateral ad~ustment, other than through relatiYe posltioning of pla~form 19 upon which heater 10 i5 mounted.
Combustion cha~er 14 is disposed within housing 12, and defines central axis 38. Combustion chamber 14 has an intake end 40 having an $ntake opening 42 thereat. Positioned at intake opening 42 ls a gas burner 44. Combustion air is provided to burner 44 through fresh air inlet 46, which is connected by ~r duct 48 to end 50 of burner 44. Conbustion chamber 14 has an exhaust end 52 having a discharge opening 54 thereat. Combustion chamber 14 deflnes a flow passage for products of combustion along oentral axls 38.
Intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14 progressively increases in slze about central axis 38 from intake opening 42 towards discharge opening 54. Exhaust end 52 of combustion chamber 14 progressively decreases in slze from intake end 40 to discharge opening S~ of combustlon chambcr 14.
Burner 44 has a ~uel pump 45 wh~ch draws fuel fro~
fuel tank 47 through filter 49 and fuel suctlon l~ne S1.
~.~6~7~5~
Burner 44 is a two stage burner an~ has a firs~ s~age no~zle 53 and a second stage noz~:~ 55. The flow of fuel from fue~ pump 45 to no~z:Gs 53 and 55 are controlled by solenoid valves 57, ~:~1ch oPe~ to permit the passage of fuel at 34 second in-ervals. Should the air fuel mlxture ~ail to ignlte, soleno~d valves 57 remain closed in order to prevent an excess of fuel from be~ng pumped into burner 44. Excess fuel is returned to fuel tank 47 through fuel return lir.e 59. The presence 1O of solenoid valves 57 and fuel returr. line S9 are safety features to prevent the pos~ibil~ty of explosion~.
Burner 44 can be adapted for operation on any of a number of fuels, ~uch as propane, ~atural gas, diesel fuel, kerosene, and the like.
Radiator 20 is ~in the ~or- of a corrugated conical shell having a. la~yer end 56 concentrically disposed about axi~ 38 and ad~ace~.t intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14, and a ~maller end 58 20 concentrically disposed about axis 38. Radiator 20 defines exhaust end 52 of co~bustion chamber 14 and serves to radiate heat radlally outwardly of exhaust end 52 of combustion chamber 14. Radiator 20 ha~ a plurality of corrugations 61 disposed in plane~ 62 25 containing central axis 38. Corrugation~ 61 are open with the exception of an 18 inch portion remote from smalicr end 58, which is enclosed form~ng fluld flow pa6sages 60. Passages 60 have an lnlet end opening 64 communlcat~ng with combustion chamber 14 and an 30 outlet end 66 remote communicating with heat exchange chamber 16. Products of co~bustion from combu~tion chamber 14 flow from smaller end 5B of con$cal radiator 20, along open corrugations 61 ev~ntually entering passage inlets 64 of passages 60, throu~h 35 outlets 66 and into heat exchange chamber 16. In order that the flow of exhaust gases from inlet end 64 to outlet end 66 may be retarded t~ retain heat wlthin radiator 20 baffl~ partitions 68 and a splral ba~le 70 7~3S~3 are disposed in passages 60, as ls lllustrated ln FIGURE 3.
Conical radiator 20 has an 'rregular exterior s surface 72, which can be attributed to the ~resence of corrugati~ns 61, which ~re present c~. both the interior and exterior surfaces. Corrugations 61 serve to provide a greater surface area for the ~adiation of heat.
~eflector 22 surrounds radiator 20 for reflecting 10 axially outwardly of housing 12 heat rad~ated by radiator 20. Radiator 20 is ~ade ou~ of materials which are known by the trade name "Ferrotherm 4816".
Ferrotherm 4816 was oriyinally develop~d for use in atomic reactors, and has a composi~ion which includes 15 79.9% nickel and .29% titanium for resistance to tempera-ture, aud 1.2% aluminum fo: flexibility. The surface of reflector 2~ ~s sub~ec~ed to a treatment which is described by Krupp Industries of Germany as being "glo-heated". The applicant has attempted to 20 obtain further particulars of this treatment for the purpose of making a full and comp.ete disclosure, and has been advised that the treatment i5 a trade secret of Krupp Industries.
Heat exchange chamber 16 surro~nds intake end 40 of combustion cha~ber 14. Heat exchange chamber 16 has two ann~lar rlngs, a collector ring 76 and an exhaus~ ring 7R. Collector ring 76 communicates with outlet end 66 of each of passages 60. Exhaust ring ~ has an opening 80 which is connected to exhaust duc~ 82. There are two openings 77, whlch permit communication of exhaust gases betwesn collector ring 76 and exhaust ring 78.
Exhaust ring 78 i5 smaller in size than collector ring 76 as the air has cooled down and contracted somewhat by the time it reaches exhaust ring 78.
~;7;3~
A heat exchanger la i5 disr~sed within heat exchange chamber 16. Heat exchange~ lB is comprlsed of two of pipes, 84 and 8~, confi~urec in coils. Pipe 84 i5 posltiolled in collector ring 76, Pipe 34 is 5 connected at one end 85 to cold ai~ intake duct BP and at the opposite end 89 to hot air o-:~let duct 90. Plpe 84 i5 formed into nine coils 92 w :hin collector ring 76. An air blower 94 is connected to cold air intake duct 88 at end 85 of pipe 84 to blow ambient air through 10 pipe 84. As air circulates within coils 92 of plpe 84, the air becomes heated by the products of combustion in collector ring 76. End 89 of pipe a4 is adapted to be connected to the duct wor~ of a hot alr heating system (not shown). Pipe 86 is positioned in exhaust ring 78.
15 Pipe 86 is connected at one end 95 ~~ cold water intake duct 96 and at the opposite end 97 ~o hot water outlet duct 98. Cold wa.ter intake duct 56 is adapted to be connected to a water -source (not shown) . A manual control valve 100 is placed at ene 95 of pipe 36 to 20 control wate~.flow. Pipe B6 is fo~ed into three coils 102, within exhaust rin~ 78. As water circulates through coils 102 of pipe 86, the water becomes heated by the products of combustion within exhaust ring ~8.
End 37 of pipe 86 is adapted to be connected to a network of pipes forming a hot water heating system (not shown).
To operate radiant heater 10, burner 44 is connected to fuel tan~ 47, and air is drawn through fre h air inlet 46 via alr duct 48 until the air/fuel mixture is ignited wlthin combustion chamber 14. The products of combustion pass through intake opening 42 at intake end 40 of combustion chamber 14 and move along centra~ axis 33 to discharge opening 54 at discharge end 52 of combustion chamber 14. At discharge end 52 the products of combustion pass through di~charge open~ng 54 into inlet end 64 of pas~age 60. ~he movement of the 73~
products of combustion along passas~ 60 is retarded by baffle partitlons 68 and a spir~: ba'fle 70 within passages 60. When the products of combus~iorl reach the outlet end 66 of passage 60, the p-,ducts of combustion are discharge~ into collector rins 76 of heat exchange chamber 16. The products of combust'on then flow around collector ring ~6 of heat exchange c:~amber 14, thsn into exhaust ring 78 of heat exchange chamber 14, finally being vented out a single exhaust d~t B2.
At the same time as the above described combustion cycle is opera~ing, two other :~eatlng cycles are operating within heat exchange chamber 16. With one of these cycles, air is blown by blower 94 via cold air 15 inlét duc~- 8~ into pipe 84. Air circula~es through ~oils 92 of p1pe 84 until it reaches hot air outlet duct 90. As the air pas5~s through coi:s 92 of p~pe 84 it becomes heated by the products o' combustion within collecto~l r~ng 76. Hot air outle~ duct 90 serves a 20 secondary function of preheating t~.e air which enters through fresh air 'inlet 46 into barner 44. This i5 accomplished by placing air duct 4~ and hot air outlet ducS 90 in close proximity such that a partial heat exchan~e ta~es place. Preheatins the alr entering 25 ~urner 44, assists in combustion, provided the air is not heated to too great an extènt. Prehea~ing the air to approximately 50 degrees celslus is viewed as acceptable. Due to the tendency o~ air to expand when heated, heating the air to too great an ext~nt can 30 create an undesirable bac~ pressure within the system.
With the other of these cyc:es, water 1B drawn through cold water intake 96 into plpe 86. As wa~r circulates around coils 102 o~ plpe 86, the w~ter is 35 heated by the products of combustion within exhaust rin~
~8. Water flowlng from hot water outlet 98, is heated and can either be used as such or can be connected to a hot water heating system t not shown).
i'7;3S3 The output of heat from radiat-r 20 is enhanced by c o r r u g a t i o n s 6~ a n d -e f lecto r 22 .
Corrugations 61 serve to provlde ~ larger surface area for the radiat~on of heat. Re'lector 22 reflects Gutwardly the heat of radiator 20.
It will be apparent to one s~i:led in the art that an increased output can be obtained from radiant heater lO by virtue of baffle partitions ~a and spiral ba~fle lO ~ retarding the movement of produc~s of combustlon and thereby retaining heat within radiator 20. Ie will similarly be apparent that a greater efficiency o f operation is ~btained by preheating air intake lnto burner 44, and through use of heat exchange ch~mber 16 15 and heat exchanger 18 to give othe- ~or~s of heat from - the same fuel source. It will si311arly be apparent that radiant heater lO, has increased versatility and adaptabi.lity as radiant heat, hot hater, or heated air can be supplied as the appllcation aemands. It will be 20 apparent to one skilled in the art ~hat radiant heater 10, can be adapted to provide steam heating, by circulating water within heat exchan~er 18 until ~t beco~es converted to steam.
Radiator 20 is constructed to be able to with~tand te~peratures approaching 1500 degrees centigrade. ~n controlled tests conducted by the Alberta Re~earch Councll, the radiant heat produced was between 1150 and 1250 degrees cent~grade, and hot air output wa~ 600 30 cubic feet per minute at a temperature of 680 degrees c~ntigrade~
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A radiant heater, comprising:
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combus-tion along said central axis;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber, said heat exchanger having a pipe formed into a plurality of coils one end of which is adapted to be connected to means for circulating fluids;
e. radiator means surrounding said combustion chamber, said radiator means defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicat-ing with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combus-tion along said central axis;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber, said heat exchanger having a pipe formed into a plurality of coils one end of which is adapted to be connected to means for circulating fluids;
e. radiator means surrounding said combustion chamber, said radiator means defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicat-ing with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
2. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 1, said intake portion of said combustion chamber progressively increasing in size about said central axis from said intake opening towards said discharge opening.
3. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 1 or 2, said exhaust end of said combustion chamber progressively decreasing in size from said intake end of said combus-tion chamber to said discharge opening of said combus-tion chamber.
4. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 1, said radiator means being in the form of a corrugated conical shell having a larger end concentrically disposed about said axis and adjacent said intake end of said combus-tion chamber and a smaller end concentrically disposed about said axis and defining said discharge opening.
5. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 4, wherein retarding means are disposed in said passages, whereby the flow of exhaust gases from said inlet end to said outlet end may be retarded to retain heat within said radiator.
6. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 5, said retarding means comprising one or more baffle partitions disposed in said passages.
7. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 5, having a spiral baffle disposed in said passages.
8. A radiant heater, comprising:
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along said central axis, said intake portion of said combustion chamber progressively increasing in size about said central axis from said intake opening towards said discharge opening, said exhaust end of said combustion chamber progressively decreasing in size from said intake end of said combustion chamber to said discharge opening of said combustion chamber;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber;
e. a radiator in the form of a conical shell having a larger end concentrically disposed about said axis and adjacent said intake end of said combustion chamber and a smaller end concentrically disposed about said axis and defining said discharge opening, said radiator defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicating with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber, retarding means are disposed in said passages, whereby the flow of exhaust gases from said inlet end to said outlet end may be retarded to retain heat within said radiator; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along said central axis, said intake portion of said combustion chamber progressively increasing in size about said central axis from said intake opening towards said discharge opening, said exhaust end of said combustion chamber progressively decreasing in size from said intake end of said combustion chamber to said discharge opening of said combustion chamber;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber;
e. a radiator in the form of a conical shell having a larger end concentrically disposed about said axis and adjacent said intake end of said combustion chamber and a smaller end concentrically disposed about said axis and defining said discharge opening, said radiator defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicating with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber, retarding means are disposed in said passages, whereby the flow of exhaust gases from said inlet end to said outlet end may be retarded to retain heat within said radiator; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
9. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 8, said retarding means comprising one or more baffle partitions disposed in said passages.
10. A radiant heater as defined in Claim 8, having a spiral baffle disposed in said passages.
11. A radiant heater, comprising:
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along said central axis, said intake portion of said combustion chamber progressively increasing in size about said central axis from said intake opening towards said discharge opening, said exhaust end of said combustion chamber progressively decreasing in size from said intake end of said combustion chamber to said discharge opening of said combustion chamber;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber;
e. a radiator in the form of a conical shell having a larger end concentrically disposed about said axis and adjacent said intake end of said combustion chamber and a smaller end concentrically disposed about said axis and . defining said discharge opening, said radiator defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicating with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber, retarding means comprising one or more baffle partitions and a spiral baffle are disposed in said passages, whereby the flow of exhaust gases from said inlet end to said outlet end may be retarded to retain heat within said radiator; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
a. a housing;
b. a combustion chamber in said housing, said combustion chamber defining a central axis and having an intake end having an intake opening thereat and an exhaust end having a discharge opening thereat, said chamber defining a flow passage for products of combustion along said central axis, said intake portion of said combustion chamber progressively increasing in size about said central axis from said intake opening towards said discharge opening, said exhaust end of said combustion chamber progressively decreasing in size from said intake end of said combustion chamber to said discharge opening of said combustion chamber;
c. a heat exchange chamber surrounding said intake end of said combustion chamber;
d. a heat exchanger disposed within said heat exchange chamber;
e. a radiator in the form of a conical shell having a larger end concentrically disposed about said axis and adjacent said intake end of said combustion chamber and a smaller end concentrically disposed about said axis and . defining said discharge opening, said radiator defining said exhaust end of said combustion chamber for radiating heat radially outwardly of said exhaust end of said combustion chamber, said radiator means having a plurality of fluid flow passages disposed in planes containing said central axis, each said passage having an inlet end communicating with said combustion chamber and an outlet end opening into said heat exchange chamber, whereby products of combustion enter said passage inlets and flow therealong and into said heat exchange chamber, retarding means comprising one or more baffle partitions and a spiral baffle are disposed in said passages, whereby the flow of exhaust gases from said inlet end to said outlet end may be retarded to retain heat within said radiator; and f. reflector means surrounding said radiator means for reflecting axially outwardly of said housing heat radiated by said radiator means.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000549184A CA1267353A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Radiant heater |
| AT88116924T ATE93040T1 (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1988-10-12 | RADIANT HEATING. |
| EP88116924A EP0312005B1 (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1988-10-12 | Radiant heater |
| DE88116924T DE3883138T2 (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1988-10-12 | Radiant heating. |
| JP63258311A JPH01252808A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1988-10-13 | Radiation heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000549184A CA1267353A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Radiant heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1267353A true CA1267353A (en) | 1990-04-03 |
Family
ID=4136636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000549184A Expired - Fee Related CA1267353A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | Radiant heater |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0312005B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01252808A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE93040T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1267353A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3883138T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6629837B2 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2003-10-07 | Philip C. Carbone | Integrated premixed indirect radiant burner |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2174789B1 (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1976-03-05 | Entr Indle Chaudronnerie Fr | |
| US3805763A (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1974-04-23 | E Cowan | Flush-mountable, self-cooling gas-fired heater |
| US3763847A (en) * | 1972-09-07 | 1973-10-09 | Foster Miller Ass | Radiant heater |
| FR2267524A1 (en) * | 1974-04-12 | 1975-11-07 | Florarm | Bowl shaped overhead radiant heater - has refractory lined upper shell clamped onto stainless steel lower shell |
-
1987
- 1987-10-13 CA CA000549184A patent/CA1267353A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-10-12 DE DE88116924T patent/DE3883138T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-12 AT AT88116924T patent/ATE93040T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 EP EP88116924A patent/EP0312005B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-13 JP JP63258311A patent/JPH01252808A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE93040T1 (en) | 1993-08-15 |
| DE3883138D1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
| EP0312005A2 (en) | 1989-04-19 |
| EP0312005A3 (en) | 1989-07-19 |
| JPH01252808A (en) | 1989-10-09 |
| DE3883138T2 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
| EP0312005B1 (en) | 1993-08-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |