CA1265955A - Pumping systems - Google Patents
Pumping systemsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1265955A CA1265955A CA000501557A CA501557A CA1265955A CA 1265955 A CA1265955 A CA 1265955A CA 000501557 A CA000501557 A CA 000501557A CA 501557 A CA501557 A CA 501557A CA 1265955 A CA1265955 A CA 1265955A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- units
- unit
- power
- outflow
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/08—Regulating by delivery pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
PUMPING SYSTEMS
Pumping apparatus, typically incorporating one or more hydraulically actuated reciprocating pump units (P1, P2, P3), for handling slurry or the like, includes sensors (15,16) monitoring the outflow characteristics, e.g. pressure and flow rate, and a control unit (17) coacting with the drive means (12) of the unit(s) to keep the power output developed in the pump outflow (11) at a substantially constant level.
PUMPING SYSTEMS
Pumping apparatus, typically incorporating one or more hydraulically actuated reciprocating pump units (P1, P2, P3), for handling slurry or the like, includes sensors (15,16) monitoring the outflow characteristics, e.g. pressure and flow rate, and a control unit (17) coacting with the drive means (12) of the unit(s) to keep the power output developed in the pump outflow (11) at a substantially constant level.
Description
-1.
PU~l~IN~ ~Y~ M~
This invention relates to pumping systems particularly ~ut not exclusively for handling such materials such as slurry or sludge having high content of solids, particularly but not exclusively the transfer of such materials over substantial distances utilising high pressure small bore pipelines.
Under practical conaitions the volume of material to be handled by a pumpiny system may vary widely at different times as may the consistency and other 1~ properties of the material, for example the ratio of solids content and fluid content and this will affect the flow characteristics of ~he material in the particular pipeline. For maximum efficiency and safety of operation it is desirable that the pipeline is kept fully char~ed at all times with delivery from the output end of the pipeline taking place at a substantially constant rate ana pressure regardless of fluctuations in input. Where the pumping system is part of a water treatment plant or sewage or effluent disposal plant voids in the pipeline flow may become filled wi~h flammable gases such as methane giviny rise to danger of explosion.
The~obJect of the invention is to provide ~S a pu~ping system which will substantially meet the above desirable requirelnents and which will t operate automatically and reliably under service conditions In a wide range of applications.
: ~ ~
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:
s~
~ ne kind of ~ump known for the purposes referred to above such as handling slurry or sluage comurises a ram-ty~e piston or other displacement member mounted for reciprocation in a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports for admission and discharge of material to be pumped, and power actuated drive means, commonly a hydraulic ram, linked to the displacement member and actuated to effect reversal of the latter at the end of each stroke. ~aid 1~ ram is usually operated by a hydraulic pressure system whose prime mover is an electric motor driving a hydraulic power pump. While the ram-type pump may be double-acting utilisin~ the displacement member to define a variable volume chamber at each end of the cylinder, a single acting arrangement is more commonly employed particularly for heavy duty high pressure applications. Double or single actiny pumps as defined above are hereinafter referred to as Ureciprocating pump units of the kind described#.
~U A plurality of such units may be operated in a pumping system in parallel with each other and controlled for sequential operation of their displacemen~ members a~ ~esç~ibed in our co-pending Canadian Patent Application No. 482,812 and to which reerence is made for further details.
According to one aspect of the present invention we provide pumping apparatus comprising one or more reciprocating pump units of the kind described, a delivery duct through which outflow from the unit or units passes in use, control means operatively connected to regulate operation of drive means . . . ~
:
.
~f the unit or units, sensing means responsive to a property or properties of outflow within the delivery ~uct in use, and feedback means applyiny a signal or si~nals wllich are a function or functions of said property or pro~.-erties to the control means to maintain the power output frorn the pump unit or units developed in said outflow at a substantially .constant level duriny operation.
Conveniently said sensing means include a pressure transducer providing a direct reading of the pressure at any given time in the delivery dùct and a flow rate recorder monitoring the rate of flow therethrough, si~nals therefrom being applied in the control means to regulate the drive means of the pump unit or units by maintaining the power a~plied therein at said constant level.
In one example of the invention, as applied to a puTnping system of the kind described in our said co-pendiny patent application, said signals ~U will be applied to a microprocessor based programmable logic controller (PL~) and which also provides other control functions of the system, for servo control of a flow regulator in the hydraulic power drive circuit whereby the wattage exerted by said drive means is maintained at a substantially constant level.
According to a further aspect of the invention we provide a method of o~eratin~ pumping apparatus in which the pressure and flow rate at the output 3U from the apparatus is automatically monitored and applied to regulate the power applied by the apparatus in use to said output whereby the power so applied :
, ' .
. ,~ :. , -: ' .:, .
-: ', :
:: ::
q~
is held at a substanti411y constant predeter~in2d level.
It will be appreciated that the invention may be applied t~ various types of pumping systems and is not restricted to the reciprocating pump units of the kind described.
One example of a pumping ~ystem incorporating the invention is illustrated by the accompanying diagrammatic dra~ing.
1~ In the drawing three single ~cting reciprocating pump units of the kind described, Pl, P2 and P3 are shown which are connected in parallel between a ~uction or inlet duct 10 ~nd a common outflow or deliv~ry duct ll, the latter extendins to ~
lon~ distance small ~ore pipeline. The pumping ~ystem in this example is used for long distance transfer of slu~ge, ~he hydraulic ram drive~ of the three units being controlled and operated ~equentially in the man~er descr.ibq~ i~ our said co pending Canadia'n .
Patent Applicati-on No. 482,812. The rams of each unit are connected to a common hydraulic drive and control module 12 which is powered by a hydraulio drive pump 13 driven by an electric motor 14.
Po~itioned in the delivery duct 11 adjacent 25 to the common output f rom the pump unit~ i~ a pre~sure ~ransducer 15 and, immediately downstrea~n of this, a flow rate transducer 16.
Thes~ tran~ducers operate to con~t~ntly monltor the pressure and flow r~te~ in duct 11 providing 3t) ~i:gnal~ which are ed to an automatic control unit 17 which incorpor~te~ ~ microproce~or ba~ed pro~ral~unabla logic controller (PLC) . Control unlt 17 regulates the operation of the hydraulic control module 12 .
. . .:; . - , . .
. .: . . - : .
- : .. : . ....
. ~., ~ . , -. ~ , - : . . . - . ; , ~2~i5~3~
t`o provide said sequential operation of pump units ~1-3 as described in greater detail in our said co-pendin~ application.
Control unit 17 also functions to apply the signals derived from the transducers 15 and 16 to provi~e an output signal which is a function of the pressure and flow rate sensed in duct 11 and this is fed back to the hydraulic module l~
to regulate the power applied thereby to the actuating lU ra~s of the pump units, in this example by adjusting a flow control ~evice in the hydraulic circuit.
Where P is the power needed to drive the pump uni~s, F is the flow rate and P is the pressure then P_~_ F x P x Constant.
The PLC of control unit 17 is pre-programrned to maintain the power output at a substantially constant preset level and this will be maintained despite any variations in input rate to the pu~p units and/or the consistency or other physical characteristics of the material being pumped, for example variations in solids/liquid content.
Control in this way ensures that the pipeline is always kept fully loaded and operates with optimum ~5 efficiency and substantially constant material output at the delivery end.
As the actual useful work done by the pum~
a ~,, : ' ` ': " , '': . :
: ~ " , '': :;
-~ . ' '' :, ' .. :: ,:: ~' ' ~2~i 6~
units, i.e. the delivery through duct 11 is being directly monitored and the power requirement is being automatically adjusted by control of the hydraulics which are applied directly to the pump rams a very efficient and accurate closed loop feedback system is provided. This is much more responsive, reliable and accurate than known power consumption monitoring systems which "read" the current consumption of the electric drive motor 1~ and attempt to regula~e operation accordingly.
:: :
~: :
:
:
:: :
~:
```: : ` ~ ~ :
., .;
.
:
:. . :
PU~l~IN~ ~Y~ M~
This invention relates to pumping systems particularly ~ut not exclusively for handling such materials such as slurry or sludge having high content of solids, particularly but not exclusively the transfer of such materials over substantial distances utilising high pressure small bore pipelines.
Under practical conaitions the volume of material to be handled by a pumpiny system may vary widely at different times as may the consistency and other 1~ properties of the material, for example the ratio of solids content and fluid content and this will affect the flow characteristics of ~he material in the particular pipeline. For maximum efficiency and safety of operation it is desirable that the pipeline is kept fully char~ed at all times with delivery from the output end of the pipeline taking place at a substantially constant rate ana pressure regardless of fluctuations in input. Where the pumping system is part of a water treatment plant or sewage or effluent disposal plant voids in the pipeline flow may become filled wi~h flammable gases such as methane giviny rise to danger of explosion.
The~obJect of the invention is to provide ~S a pu~ping system which will substantially meet the above desirable requirelnents and which will t operate automatically and reliably under service conditions In a wide range of applications.
: ~ ~
~ - ,, :
:
' ~ ' ' ;, : .
:
s~
~ ne kind of ~ump known for the purposes referred to above such as handling slurry or sluage comurises a ram-ty~e piston or other displacement member mounted for reciprocation in a cylinder having inlet and outlet ports for admission and discharge of material to be pumped, and power actuated drive means, commonly a hydraulic ram, linked to the displacement member and actuated to effect reversal of the latter at the end of each stroke. ~aid 1~ ram is usually operated by a hydraulic pressure system whose prime mover is an electric motor driving a hydraulic power pump. While the ram-type pump may be double-acting utilisin~ the displacement member to define a variable volume chamber at each end of the cylinder, a single acting arrangement is more commonly employed particularly for heavy duty high pressure applications. Double or single actiny pumps as defined above are hereinafter referred to as Ureciprocating pump units of the kind described#.
~U A plurality of such units may be operated in a pumping system in parallel with each other and controlled for sequential operation of their displacemen~ members a~ ~esç~ibed in our co-pending Canadian Patent Application No. 482,812 and to which reerence is made for further details.
According to one aspect of the present invention we provide pumping apparatus comprising one or more reciprocating pump units of the kind described, a delivery duct through which outflow from the unit or units passes in use, control means operatively connected to regulate operation of drive means . . . ~
:
.
~f the unit or units, sensing means responsive to a property or properties of outflow within the delivery ~uct in use, and feedback means applyiny a signal or si~nals wllich are a function or functions of said property or pro~.-erties to the control means to maintain the power output frorn the pump unit or units developed in said outflow at a substantially .constant level duriny operation.
Conveniently said sensing means include a pressure transducer providing a direct reading of the pressure at any given time in the delivery dùct and a flow rate recorder monitoring the rate of flow therethrough, si~nals therefrom being applied in the control means to regulate the drive means of the pump unit or units by maintaining the power a~plied therein at said constant level.
In one example of the invention, as applied to a puTnping system of the kind described in our said co-pendiny patent application, said signals ~U will be applied to a microprocessor based programmable logic controller (PL~) and which also provides other control functions of the system, for servo control of a flow regulator in the hydraulic power drive circuit whereby the wattage exerted by said drive means is maintained at a substantially constant level.
According to a further aspect of the invention we provide a method of o~eratin~ pumping apparatus in which the pressure and flow rate at the output 3U from the apparatus is automatically monitored and applied to regulate the power applied by the apparatus in use to said output whereby the power so applied :
, ' .
. ,~ :. , -: ' .:, .
-: ', :
:: ::
q~
is held at a substanti411y constant predeter~in2d level.
It will be appreciated that the invention may be applied t~ various types of pumping systems and is not restricted to the reciprocating pump units of the kind described.
One example of a pumping ~ystem incorporating the invention is illustrated by the accompanying diagrammatic dra~ing.
1~ In the drawing three single ~cting reciprocating pump units of the kind described, Pl, P2 and P3 are shown which are connected in parallel between a ~uction or inlet duct 10 ~nd a common outflow or deliv~ry duct ll, the latter extendins to ~
lon~ distance small ~ore pipeline. The pumping ~ystem in this example is used for long distance transfer of slu~ge, ~he hydraulic ram drive~ of the three units being controlled and operated ~equentially in the man~er descr.ibq~ i~ our said co pending Canadia'n .
Patent Applicati-on No. 482,812. The rams of each unit are connected to a common hydraulic drive and control module 12 which is powered by a hydraulio drive pump 13 driven by an electric motor 14.
Po~itioned in the delivery duct 11 adjacent 25 to the common output f rom the pump unit~ i~ a pre~sure ~ransducer 15 and, immediately downstrea~n of this, a flow rate transducer 16.
Thes~ tran~ducers operate to con~t~ntly monltor the pressure and flow r~te~ in duct 11 providing 3t) ~i:gnal~ which are ed to an automatic control unit 17 which incorpor~te~ ~ microproce~or ba~ed pro~ral~unabla logic controller (PLC) . Control unlt 17 regulates the operation of the hydraulic control module 12 .
. . .:; . - , . .
. .: . . - : .
- : .. : . ....
. ~., ~ . , -. ~ , - : . . . - . ; , ~2~i5~3~
t`o provide said sequential operation of pump units ~1-3 as described in greater detail in our said co-pendin~ application.
Control unit 17 also functions to apply the signals derived from the transducers 15 and 16 to provi~e an output signal which is a function of the pressure and flow rate sensed in duct 11 and this is fed back to the hydraulic module l~
to regulate the power applied thereby to the actuating lU ra~s of the pump units, in this example by adjusting a flow control ~evice in the hydraulic circuit.
Where P is the power needed to drive the pump uni~s, F is the flow rate and P is the pressure then P_~_ F x P x Constant.
The PLC of control unit 17 is pre-programrned to maintain the power output at a substantially constant preset level and this will be maintained despite any variations in input rate to the pu~p units and/or the consistency or other physical characteristics of the material being pumped, for example variations in solids/liquid content.
Control in this way ensures that the pipeline is always kept fully loaded and operates with optimum ~5 efficiency and substantially constant material output at the delivery end.
As the actual useful work done by the pum~
a ~,, : ' ` ': " , '': . :
: ~ " , '': :;
-~ . ' '' :, ' .. :: ,:: ~' ' ~2~i 6~
units, i.e. the delivery through duct 11 is being directly monitored and the power requirement is being automatically adjusted by control of the hydraulics which are applied directly to the pump rams a very efficient and accurate closed loop feedback system is provided. This is much more responsive, reliable and accurate than known power consumption monitoring systems which "read" the current consumption of the electric drive motor 1~ and attempt to regula~e operation accordingly.
:: :
~: :
:
:
:: :
~:
```: : ` ~ ~ :
., .;
.
:
:. . :
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Pumping apparatus comprising one or more reciprocating pump units of the kind described, a delivery duct through which outflow from the unit or units passes in use, control means operatively connected to regulate operation of drive means of the unit or units, sensing means responsive to flow condition in said delivery duct in use, the condition so sensed having a value related to the operative fluid pressure and flow rate of said outflow in said duct, and feedback means applying a signal received from the sensing means, which signal is a function of said flow condition, to the control means to maintain the power output from the pump unit or units developed in said outflow at a substantially constant level during operation.
2. Apparatus as in Claim 1 wherein the sensing means includes a pressure transducer providing a direct reading of the pressure at any given time in the delivery duct and a flow rate recorder monitoring the rate of flow therethrough.
3. Apparatus as in Claim 2 wherein the signals from the transducer and recorder are operatively applied in the control means to regulate the drive means of the pump unit or units by maintaining the power applied therein at said constant level.
4. Apparatus as in Claim 1 wherein there are a plurality of pump units operating in parallel and controlled for sequential operation of their displacement members.
5. Apparatus as in Claim 1 wherein the feedback means includes a microprocessor based programmable logic controller (PLC) which also provides other control functions of the apparatus.
6. Apparatus as in Claim 1 including a hydraulic power drive circuit for actuating the unit or units, the control means including a servo controlled flow regulator in said circuit responsive to the feedback means whereby the wattage exerted by said drive means is maintained at a substantially constant level.
7. A method of operating pumping apparatus in which the pressure and flow rate at the output from the apparatus is automatically monitored and applied to regulate the power applied by the apparatus in use in said output whereby the power so applied is held at a substantially constant predetermined level.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08503571A GB2170869B (en) | 1985-02-12 | 1985-02-12 | Pumping systems |
| GB8503571 | 1985-02-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1265955A true CA1265955A (en) | 1990-02-20 |
Family
ID=10574345
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000501557A Expired CA1265955A (en) | 1985-02-12 | 1986-02-11 | Pumping systems |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1265955A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2170869B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1227502B (en) * | 1988-12-06 | 1991-04-12 | Alberto Giordani | VOLUMETRIC PUMP FOR THE PUMPING OF FOOD LIQUIDS IN GENERAL AND, IN PARTICULAR, FOR USE IN THE OENOLOGICAL FIELD |
| DE3937900A1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-17 | Lenhardt Maschinenbau | DEVICE FOR CONVEYING LIQUID OR PASTOES SUBSTANCES |
| GB8928450D0 (en) * | 1989-12-16 | 1990-02-21 | Thomas Willett & Company Limit | Pumping systems |
| EP0669462A1 (en) * | 1995-01-30 | 1995-08-30 | Aliva Aktiengesellschaft | Method to adjust the pulse amplitude and concrete pump |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1016407A (en) * | 1971-06-07 | 1977-08-30 | Duane D. Krohn | Pump and operating mechanism therefor |
| US4108574A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1978-08-22 | International Paper Company | Apparatus and method for the indirect measurement and control of the flow rate of a liquid in a piping system |
| DE3035770C2 (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1984-08-16 | Bruker Analytische Meßtechnik GmbH, 7512 Rheinstetten | Multiple piston pump with constant delivery rate |
-
1985
- 1985-02-12 GB GB08503571A patent/GB2170869B/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-02-11 CA CA000501557A patent/CA1265955A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8503571D0 (en) | 1985-03-13 |
| GB2170869B (en) | 1987-11-11 |
| GB2170869A (en) | 1986-08-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |