CA1260763A - Apparatus for reducing the size of and/or for mixing solid, pasty and/or liquid material - Google Patents
Apparatus for reducing the size of and/or for mixing solid, pasty and/or liquid materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1260763A CA1260763A CA000515176A CA515176A CA1260763A CA 1260763 A CA1260763 A CA 1260763A CA 000515176 A CA000515176 A CA 000515176A CA 515176 A CA515176 A CA 515176A CA 1260763 A CA1260763 A CA 1260763A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- guide
- grinding rollers
- central axis
- grinding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE SIZE OF AND/OR FOR
MIXING SOLID, PASTY AND/OR LIQUID MATERIAL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
An apparatus for reducing the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material.
The apparatus includes a cylindrical housing in which is disposed at least one grinding roller, which cooperates with the inner surface of the housing. Each grinding roller is mounted between two bearing disks in such a way as to be rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relative to the central axis of the housing. The bearing disks in turn are rotatably driven about the central axis of the housing. In order to enable the grinding rollers to execute the necessary deflection movements, and to avoid over stressing the bearings or supports for the grinding rollers, both end faces of each grinding roller are provided with an axle end that is guided, with play, between two drive wheels that are rotatably mounted on the bearing disks. When the bearing disks rotate, the drive wheels rotatably drive the grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against the inner surface of the housing. The housing is provided with at least one guide ring to guide the grinding rollers in the axial direction. Each guide ring has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to the central axis of the housing, and each grinding roller is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surfaces that cooperate with these guide surfaces.
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE SIZE OF AND/OR FOR
MIXING SOLID, PASTY AND/OR LIQUID MATERIAL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
An apparatus for reducing the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material.
The apparatus includes a cylindrical housing in which is disposed at least one grinding roller, which cooperates with the inner surface of the housing. Each grinding roller is mounted between two bearing disks in such a way as to be rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relative to the central axis of the housing. The bearing disks in turn are rotatably driven about the central axis of the housing. In order to enable the grinding rollers to execute the necessary deflection movements, and to avoid over stressing the bearings or supports for the grinding rollers, both end faces of each grinding roller are provided with an axle end that is guided, with play, between two drive wheels that are rotatably mounted on the bearing disks. When the bearing disks rotate, the drive wheels rotatably drive the grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against the inner surface of the housing. The housing is provided with at least one guide ring to guide the grinding rollers in the axial direction. Each guide ring has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to the central axis of the housing, and each grinding roller is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surfaces that cooperate with these guide surfaces.
Description
17~3 Background o the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material. The apparatus includes a cylindrical housing that is preferably disposed in a vertical position. Disposed in the housing is at least one grindlng roller, which cooperates with the inner surface o the housing.
Each grinding roller is mounted between two bearing disks in such a way as to be rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relatlve to the central axis o~ the houslng. The bearing dlsks in turn are rotatably driven about the aentral axis of the housing.
Apparatus of this general type, which are also known as role or planetary mills or grinders, are known in various forms. The perlpheral surfaces of their grinding rollers press the material that is to be reduced in size or mixed against the inner surface o the housing. These grind$ng rollers must be in the position to move inwardly when pieces of material that are too hard or too large pass through in order to avoid undue stress or even destruction.
With one heretofors known embodiment, as disclosed in Swiss Patent 158 018, to provide for this inward movement the grinding rollers are ' ~
~6~:77~3 resiliently embodied, for example in the manner of a helical spring. A helical spring also forms the grinding roller body in German Offenlegungsschrift
Each grinding roller is mounted between two bearing disks in such a way as to be rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relatlve to the central axis o~ the houslng. The bearing dlsks in turn are rotatably driven about the aentral axis of the housing.
Apparatus of this general type, which are also known as role or planetary mills or grinders, are known in various forms. The perlpheral surfaces of their grinding rollers press the material that is to be reduced in size or mixed against the inner surface o the housing. These grind$ng rollers must be in the position to move inwardly when pieces of material that are too hard or too large pass through in order to avoid undue stress or even destruction.
With one heretofors known embodiment, as disclosed in Swiss Patent 158 018, to provide for this inward movement the grinding rollers are ' ~
~6~:77~3 resiliently embodied, for example in the manner of a helical spring. A helical spring also forms the grinding roller body in German Offenlegungsschrift
2 542 109, which furthermore provides the possibility for adjustment in the radial direction by having its central axis formed from a 1exible wire cable.
The drawback of these hsretofore known apparatus is that the mobility of the grinding rollers that operate along the lnner surface of the housing cannot be limlted to a movement that is radial relative to the central axis of the housing.
On the contrary, such movements include displacement of the central ax~s of the grindlng roller in the circumferentlal directlon, i.e. ln the dlrection of movement of the grlnding rollers.
Thls leads to pivoting movements of the grinding rollers ln the direction of their circular path, which ln turn leads to great wear of the inner surface of the houslng and of the suxface of the grinding rollers.
Furthermore, these pivoting movements result in unforese0ably great axial forces ln the mounting of the grinding rollers. As a result of the high speeds involved, these axial forces canno~ ~e overcome very well, and in a short period of time destroy the mountings for the grinding rollsrs.
~2~ )763 Proceeding from an apparatus o~ the aforementioned general type, it ls an object of the present invention, while avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks, to provide an arrangement and mounting o:E the grinding rollers that, while providing a straightforward construction and grea~
functional reliability, makes it possible Eor the grinding rollers to deflect radially, yat avoids the generation of unduly great axial mounting or 10 bearing forces.
Briaf Description of the Drawings This ob~act, and other obJects and advantages of the present invention, will appear more clearly from the following specification in conJunction with the accompanying schematic drawings, in which:
Figure 1 ls a cross-sectlonal v~ ew through one exemplary embodiment of the inventlve apparatus;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken 2Q along the line II-II in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a cro~;s-sectional view through a second exemplary embodiment o~ the inventive apparatus.
07~;3 Summary of the Invention By one aspect of this lnventlon, there is provlded an apparatus for reduclng the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material, said apparatus comprising: a cylindrical housing having an inner surface and a central axis;
at least on grinding roller, each of whioh cooperates with said inner surface of said housing;
each grinding roller also has a central axls, with each of said grinding rollars baing rotatabla about its aentral axis and eccentrically relat$ve to said central axis of said housing; each of said grinding rollers has two opposed end face~, each of which is provided with an axle end that is disposed on sa~d central axis of that grinding roller; twe baaring disks, that are rotatably driven about said central axis of said housiny, with each of said grinding rollers being disposed between said bearing disks;
~ drive wheels respectively rotatably mounted on one : 20 of said bearing disks, with each of said axls ends being guided, with play, between two drive whaels in such a way that when said bearing disks rotate, sald drive wheels rotatably drive said grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against said inner surface of said housing ; and at least one guide ring provided on said houslng for guiding said grinding roller~ in the axial ~".
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~2~ q~3 direction; each of said guide rings has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to said central axis of said housing, and each of said guide rollers is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surface means that cooperate with said guide surfacas to effect said axial guidance of said guide rollers.
With the present invention, the drive wheels, which act upon the axle ends, guide the grinding rollers along their path. The arrangement of the drive wheels is such that the contact points of the grinding rollers at the top and bottom are guided with a limited amount of play, so that the grinding rollers can move radially to a limited extent in the direction toward the central a~is of the housing when this is required by the nature o the material that is being ground. However, a pivoting movement oE the grinding rollers in the direction of movement of ths latter along their circular path is limited by the drive wheels that are d~sposed ahead of and behind the axl0 ends. Since with such a pivoting movament the axle ends o~ the grinding rollers move away Erom at }east one of the drive whesls, the wear generated by such pivot movements is reduced conslderably. As a result of the inventive support of the grinding roll~rs on at least one guide ring, fQrces that occur in ths . _ 5 _ ,.
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., :~ :
axial direction ara not transmltted vla the axle ends, but rather ars introduced into the housing via the guide ring. The support and drive of the grinding rollers are thus protected from any significant wear. The guide rings are provided in an easily removable manner.
The inventive design r~sults not only in a greater functional reliabil~ty and a longer service life, but also makes it pnssible to rapidly disassemble the apparatus without any difficulty, for example in order to clean the apparatus.
Finally, the inventive design provides for a signlficant reduction of the bearing or support speeds in the bearing disks, so that economical components can be utilized.
Pursuant to a further feature of the present invention, the cylindrical peripheral surfaces of the axle ends and of the drive wheels are smooth, so that the driving-along function is ef~ected by friction. Pursuant to an alternative embodiment, these cylindrical perlpheral surfaces o~ the axle ends and of the drive whsels could also be provided with teeth in order to effect the drivlng-along function via a posltive connection.
Pursuant to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the ends of the housing ls provided with a ~uide ring that has an inclined ~L~t;~17~
guide surfacs, with both ends of each grlndlng rollar being chamered in conformlty to the inclination of the guide surfaces to form contact surfaces. Such a design makes lt quite simple to replace the guide rings.
Pursuant to a further feature of the present inventlon, it is posslble to dispose on the inner surface of the housing at least one guide ring that has a truncated-cone cross-sectional area, and to provide the grinding rollers with a bearing groove that corresponds to this area of the guide ring, so that the foraes that act in the axial direction of the housing are absorbed by this guide ring, which can be provided either in place of the guide rings disposed at both ends of the housing, or in addition to these guide rings. It i5 to be understood that it is al80 posslble to provide a plurality of such guide rings on the inner surface of the housing. In order to slmplify mounting o~
these guide rings that are disposed on the inner surfacc of the housing, the latter can b~ divided into a number of parts between which the guids rings are securad.
This makss it possible to provide the inventive apparatus with any desired axial length.
A furthar advantage is that due to the fact that the guide rings proJect inwardly, the product or " .
,., : .
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or~ c;3 material that is to be ground or mixed is forced to leave the inner surface of the housing, as a result of which, in con~unction with the praviously resulting built-up or accumulation, the grinding and mixing effect is intensified. This effect can be repeated as often as desired, whereby, for example in the upper portion o~ the apparatus, greater spacing can be provided between the ~uide rings in order to grind lar~e-grained material.
In the last stage of the apparatus, finely profiled guide rln~s can be provided in order to aahieve a high degree of final finenass. Thus, it is a simpls manner to affact the quality of the grinding.
Pursuant to another preferred ambodiment of the present invention, a plurality of grinding rollers and drive wheels are distributed over the periphery, with each drive wheel cooperating with the axle ends o~ the ad~acent grinding rollers.
The bearing disks are preferably mounted together with the drive wheels on a common main shaft. Inventively, thi~ main shaft aan be provided with deflection plates that are disposed either at right angles or at an angle to the axis of rotation of the main shaft, and can axtend lnto annular recesses o the grlnding ro~lers. As a consequence of the speed of the main shaft, these ,.' : ' .
7~i3 deflaction plates again hurl or throw the material that was thrown from the grinding rollers toward the middle back into the grinding region between the grinding rollers and the housing. This assures that no unground material ~alls through into the interior of the apparatus. By setting the de1ection plates at an angle, a paddls efect can be achleved that results in an intens$ve mixlng for mixing processes.
Further features of the present inventlon wlll be descr~bed in detail subsequently.
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~26~i3 Description of Preferred Embodiments Referring now to tha drawings in detail, the illustrated apparatus is intended, for example, for reducing the size of coal or for reducing the size of, and mix~ng, chemical products. The apparatus includes a cylindrical hou~ing 1 which in both illustrated embodiments is disposad in a vertical positlon. A respective guide ring 2 is removably secured at either end of the housing l; each of the guida rings 2 has a guide surface 2a that extends at an angle to the centerline of~the housing.
Adjoining the upper guide ring 2 is a housing ring
The drawback of these hsretofore known apparatus is that the mobility of the grinding rollers that operate along the lnner surface of the housing cannot be limlted to a movement that is radial relative to the central axis of the housing.
On the contrary, such movements include displacement of the central ax~s of the grindlng roller in the circumferentlal directlon, i.e. ln the dlrection of movement of the grlnding rollers.
Thls leads to pivoting movements of the grinding rollers ln the direction of their circular path, which ln turn leads to great wear of the inner surface of the houslng and of the suxface of the grinding rollers.
Furthermore, these pivoting movements result in unforese0ably great axial forces ln the mounting of the grinding rollers. As a result of the high speeds involved, these axial forces canno~ ~e overcome very well, and in a short period of time destroy the mountings for the grinding rollsrs.
~2~ )763 Proceeding from an apparatus o~ the aforementioned general type, it ls an object of the present invention, while avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks, to provide an arrangement and mounting o:E the grinding rollers that, while providing a straightforward construction and grea~
functional reliability, makes it possible Eor the grinding rollers to deflect radially, yat avoids the generation of unduly great axial mounting or 10 bearing forces.
Briaf Description of the Drawings This ob~act, and other obJects and advantages of the present invention, will appear more clearly from the following specification in conJunction with the accompanying schematic drawings, in which:
Figure 1 ls a cross-sectlonal v~ ew through one exemplary embodiment of the inventlve apparatus;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken 2Q along the line II-II in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a cro~;s-sectional view through a second exemplary embodiment o~ the inventive apparatus.
07~;3 Summary of the Invention By one aspect of this lnventlon, there is provlded an apparatus for reduclng the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material, said apparatus comprising: a cylindrical housing having an inner surface and a central axis;
at least on grinding roller, each of whioh cooperates with said inner surface of said housing;
each grinding roller also has a central axls, with each of said grinding rollars baing rotatabla about its aentral axis and eccentrically relat$ve to said central axis of said housing; each of said grinding rollers has two opposed end face~, each of which is provided with an axle end that is disposed on sa~d central axis of that grinding roller; twe baaring disks, that are rotatably driven about said central axis of said housiny, with each of said grinding rollers being disposed between said bearing disks;
~ drive wheels respectively rotatably mounted on one : 20 of said bearing disks, with each of said axls ends being guided, with play, between two drive whaels in such a way that when said bearing disks rotate, sald drive wheels rotatably drive said grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against said inner surface of said housing ; and at least one guide ring provided on said houslng for guiding said grinding roller~ in the axial ~".
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~2~ q~3 direction; each of said guide rings has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to said central axis of said housing, and each of said guide rollers is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surface means that cooperate with said guide surfacas to effect said axial guidance of said guide rollers.
With the present invention, the drive wheels, which act upon the axle ends, guide the grinding rollers along their path. The arrangement of the drive wheels is such that the contact points of the grinding rollers at the top and bottom are guided with a limited amount of play, so that the grinding rollers can move radially to a limited extent in the direction toward the central a~is of the housing when this is required by the nature o the material that is being ground. However, a pivoting movement oE the grinding rollers in the direction of movement of ths latter along their circular path is limited by the drive wheels that are d~sposed ahead of and behind the axl0 ends. Since with such a pivoting movament the axle ends o~ the grinding rollers move away Erom at }east one of the drive whesls, the wear generated by such pivot movements is reduced conslderably. As a result of the inventive support of the grinding roll~rs on at least one guide ring, fQrces that occur in ths . _ 5 _ ,.
:
., :~ :
axial direction ara not transmltted vla the axle ends, but rather ars introduced into the housing via the guide ring. The support and drive of the grinding rollers are thus protected from any significant wear. The guide rings are provided in an easily removable manner.
The inventive design r~sults not only in a greater functional reliabil~ty and a longer service life, but also makes it pnssible to rapidly disassemble the apparatus without any difficulty, for example in order to clean the apparatus.
Finally, the inventive design provides for a signlficant reduction of the bearing or support speeds in the bearing disks, so that economical components can be utilized.
Pursuant to a further feature of the present invention, the cylindrical peripheral surfaces of the axle ends and of the drive wheels are smooth, so that the driving-along function is ef~ected by friction. Pursuant to an alternative embodiment, these cylindrical perlpheral surfaces o~ the axle ends and of the drive whsels could also be provided with teeth in order to effect the drivlng-along function via a posltive connection.
Pursuant to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the ends of the housing ls provided with a ~uide ring that has an inclined ~L~t;~17~
guide surfacs, with both ends of each grlndlng rollar being chamered in conformlty to the inclination of the guide surfaces to form contact surfaces. Such a design makes lt quite simple to replace the guide rings.
Pursuant to a further feature of the present inventlon, it is posslble to dispose on the inner surface of the housing at least one guide ring that has a truncated-cone cross-sectional area, and to provide the grinding rollers with a bearing groove that corresponds to this area of the guide ring, so that the foraes that act in the axial direction of the housing are absorbed by this guide ring, which can be provided either in place of the guide rings disposed at both ends of the housing, or in addition to these guide rings. It i5 to be understood that it is al80 posslble to provide a plurality of such guide rings on the inner surface of the housing. In order to slmplify mounting o~
these guide rings that are disposed on the inner surfacc of the housing, the latter can b~ divided into a number of parts between which the guids rings are securad.
This makss it possible to provide the inventive apparatus with any desired axial length.
A furthar advantage is that due to the fact that the guide rings proJect inwardly, the product or " .
,., : .
,"' '' ~' ': :
, .. . .. .
or~ c;3 material that is to be ground or mixed is forced to leave the inner surface of the housing, as a result of which, in con~unction with the praviously resulting built-up or accumulation, the grinding and mixing effect is intensified. This effect can be repeated as often as desired, whereby, for example in the upper portion o~ the apparatus, greater spacing can be provided between the ~uide rings in order to grind lar~e-grained material.
In the last stage of the apparatus, finely profiled guide rln~s can be provided in order to aahieve a high degree of final finenass. Thus, it is a simpls manner to affact the quality of the grinding.
Pursuant to another preferred ambodiment of the present invention, a plurality of grinding rollers and drive wheels are distributed over the periphery, with each drive wheel cooperating with the axle ends o~ the ad~acent grinding rollers.
The bearing disks are preferably mounted together with the drive wheels on a common main shaft. Inventively, thi~ main shaft aan be provided with deflection plates that are disposed either at right angles or at an angle to the axis of rotation of the main shaft, and can axtend lnto annular recesses o the grlnding ro~lers. As a consequence of the speed of the main shaft, these ,.' : ' .
7~i3 deflaction plates again hurl or throw the material that was thrown from the grinding rollers toward the middle back into the grinding region between the grinding rollers and the housing. This assures that no unground material ~alls through into the interior of the apparatus. By setting the de1ection plates at an angle, a paddls efect can be achleved that results in an intens$ve mixlng for mixing processes.
Further features of the present inventlon wlll be descr~bed in detail subsequently.
_ g _ ~, ' :
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~26~i3 Description of Preferred Embodiments Referring now to tha drawings in detail, the illustrated apparatus is intended, for example, for reducing the size of coal or for reducing the size of, and mix~ng, chemical products. The apparatus includes a cylindrical hou~ing 1 which in both illustrated embodiments is disposad in a vertical positlon. A respective guide ring 2 is removably secured at either end of the housing l; each of the guida rings 2 has a guide surface 2a that extends at an angle to the centerline of~the housing.
Adjoining the upper guide ring 2 is a housing ring
3 that is providad with a funnel-like inclined inlet surface 3a, and on which in turn are arranged feed plat~s 4 to form an annular feed means for material that is to be ground and mixed.
In a suitable manner, not illustrated in the drawings, a central maln shaft 5 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1. Secured beyond the cylindrical housing 1, on thls main shaft 5, are bearing d~sks 6 on which in turn are mountad drive wheels 7. The sleeves 8 that are used or mounting the axle ends 7a of these drive wheels 7 are indicated in Figure 1.
In the illustratad embodiment of Figures 1 and ~, four drive wheels 7 ~re respactively uniformly distributed over the p~riphsry of each bearing disk ..
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6. The axle ends 9a of grinding rollers 9 are guided with the aid o the drive wheels 7. The grinding rollers 9 have a cylindrical surface, and rest against the inner surface o~ the housing 1, as can be seen in Figure 2. This figure also shows that in the normal case the central axes of the grinding rollers 9 are disposed on the same circle as the axes of rotation of the drive wheels 7. The diameter of the drive wheels 7 and the diameter of the axle ends 9a are such that the axle ends 9a of the grinding rollers 9 do not become restrained between ad~acent drive wheels 7. Rather, a certain amount of play remains, with this play making it possible for the grinding rollers 9 to move inwardly in a radial direction if larger and harder pieces of the material that i8 to be ground get between the inner surfac~ of the housing 1 and the grinding rollers 9. As can b~ seen from the plan view of Figure 2, this radial mobility of the axle ends 9a, and hence of the grinding rollers 9, so that only limitsd pivot movements of the grinding rollers 9 in the direction of rotation are possible. The direction of rotation of not only the bearing disks 6 but also of the drive wheels 7 and the grinding rollers 9 are indiçated by arrows in Figure 2.
In the embodiment of Figure~ 1 and 2, to , ~, :
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absorb axial forces the ends of the grinding rollers 9 are chamfered to form contact surfaces 9b with which the grinding rollers 9 rest in the axial direction of the housing 1 on the guide surfaces 2a of the guide rings 2. In thls way, forces in the axial direction are not conveyed via the axle ends 9a and the drive wheels 7, but rather are introduced directly into the housing 1 via the guide rings or transer rings 2. .
In the second embodiment of Figure 3, which in other respects corresponds to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the cylindrical houslng 1 is divided lnto three part~ la, lb, and lc. Guide rings 2 having guide surfaces 2a on one side are again disposed at the end of the housing 1.
Furthermore, additional guide rings 10 are disposed betwesn the central housing part lb and the outer housing parts la and lc respectively. These guide rings or transfar rings 10 have a truncated-cone cross-sectional area that pro~ects inwardly from the inner surface of the houslng l. This truncated-cone cross-sectional area forms two guide surfaces lOa that cooperate with each grind~ng roller 9. This cooperat~on between the guide surfaces lOa and the g~inding rollers 9 i~ effected in that appropriate locatlons of the grinding rollers 9 are provided with appropriate bearing 7~
grooves 9c that have corresponding bearing surfaces that in turn cooperate with the aforementloned guide sur$aces lOa o~ the guide rings 10. This provides additional support for the grinding rollers 9 relative to the housing 1 in the axial directionO
In the embodiment of Figure 3, deflection plates 11 are disposed on the main sha$t 5. The deflection plates 11 rotate with tha main shaft and extend into annular recesses 9d of the grinding rollers 9. The deflection plates 11 prevent material that is to be ground or mixed from passing into the center of the housing 1 without having been handled by the grlnding rollers 9. The deflectlon plates 11 ~uide this material back on to the peripheral surfaces of the grinding rollers 9, which subsequently guide the matarial to the inner wall o$ the housing 1 where the material is procassed.
The present invention is, of course, in no way restricted to the specific disclosure o$ the specification and drawings, but also encompasses any modifications within the scope of the appandsd claims.
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In a suitable manner, not illustrated in the drawings, a central maln shaft 5 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1. Secured beyond the cylindrical housing 1, on thls main shaft 5, are bearing d~sks 6 on which in turn are mountad drive wheels 7. The sleeves 8 that are used or mounting the axle ends 7a of these drive wheels 7 are indicated in Figure 1.
In the illustratad embodiment of Figures 1 and ~, four drive wheels 7 ~re respactively uniformly distributed over the p~riphsry of each bearing disk ..
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6. The axle ends 9a of grinding rollers 9 are guided with the aid o the drive wheels 7. The grinding rollers 9 have a cylindrical surface, and rest against the inner surface o~ the housing 1, as can be seen in Figure 2. This figure also shows that in the normal case the central axes of the grinding rollers 9 are disposed on the same circle as the axes of rotation of the drive wheels 7. The diameter of the drive wheels 7 and the diameter of the axle ends 9a are such that the axle ends 9a of the grinding rollers 9 do not become restrained between ad~acent drive wheels 7. Rather, a certain amount of play remains, with this play making it possible for the grinding rollers 9 to move inwardly in a radial direction if larger and harder pieces of the material that i8 to be ground get between the inner surfac~ of the housing 1 and the grinding rollers 9. As can b~ seen from the plan view of Figure 2, this radial mobility of the axle ends 9a, and hence of the grinding rollers 9, so that only limitsd pivot movements of the grinding rollers 9 in the direction of rotation are possible. The direction of rotation of not only the bearing disks 6 but also of the drive wheels 7 and the grinding rollers 9 are indiçated by arrows in Figure 2.
In the embodiment of Figure~ 1 and 2, to , ~, :
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~L26~7~
absorb axial forces the ends of the grinding rollers 9 are chamfered to form contact surfaces 9b with which the grinding rollers 9 rest in the axial direction of the housing 1 on the guide surfaces 2a of the guide rings 2. In thls way, forces in the axial direction are not conveyed via the axle ends 9a and the drive wheels 7, but rather are introduced directly into the housing 1 via the guide rings or transer rings 2. .
In the second embodiment of Figure 3, which in other respects corresponds to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the cylindrical houslng 1 is divided lnto three part~ la, lb, and lc. Guide rings 2 having guide surfaces 2a on one side are again disposed at the end of the housing 1.
Furthermore, additional guide rings 10 are disposed betwesn the central housing part lb and the outer housing parts la and lc respectively. These guide rings or transfar rings 10 have a truncated-cone cross-sectional area that pro~ects inwardly from the inner surface of the houslng l. This truncated-cone cross-sectional area forms two guide surfaces lOa that cooperate with each grind~ng roller 9. This cooperat~on between the guide surfaces lOa and the g~inding rollers 9 i~ effected in that appropriate locatlons of the grinding rollers 9 are provided with appropriate bearing 7~
grooves 9c that have corresponding bearing surfaces that in turn cooperate with the aforementloned guide sur$aces lOa o~ the guide rings 10. This provides additional support for the grinding rollers 9 relative to the housing 1 in the axial directionO
In the embodiment of Figure 3, deflection plates 11 are disposed on the main sha$t 5. The deflection plates 11 rotate with tha main shaft and extend into annular recesses 9d of the grinding rollers 9. The deflection plates 11 prevent material that is to be ground or mixed from passing into the center of the housing 1 without having been handled by the grlnding rollers 9. The deflectlon plates 11 ~uide this material back on to the peripheral surfaces of the grinding rollers 9, which subsequently guide the matarial to the inner wall o$ the housing 1 where the material is procassed.
The present invention is, of course, in no way restricted to the specific disclosure o$ the specification and drawings, but also encompasses any modifications within the scope of the appandsd claims.
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Claims (11)
AN EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE
IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An apparatus for reducing the size of, and/or for mixing, solid, pasty and/or liquid material, said apparatus comprising:
a cylindrical housing having an inner surface and a central axis;
at least one grinding roller, each of which cooperates with said inner surface of said housing; each grinding roller also has a central axis, with each of said grinding rollers being rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relative to said central axis of said housing; each of said grinding rollers has two opposed end faces, each of which is provided with an axle end that is disposed on said central axis of that grinding roller;
two bearing disks, that are rotatably driven about said central axis of said housing, with each of said grinding rollers being disposed between said bearing disks;
drive wheels respectively rotatably mounted on one of said bearing disks, with each of said axle ends being guided, with play, between two drive wheels in such a way that when said bearing disks rotate, said drive wheels rotatably drive said grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against said inner surface of said housing ; and at least one guide ring provided on said housing for guiding said grinding rollers in the axial direction; each of said guide rings has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to said central axis of said housing, and each of said guide rollers is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surface means that cooperate with said guide surfaces to effect said axial guidance of said guide rollers.
a cylindrical housing having an inner surface and a central axis;
at least one grinding roller, each of which cooperates with said inner surface of said housing; each grinding roller also has a central axis, with each of said grinding rollers being rotatable about its central axis and eccentrically relative to said central axis of said housing; each of said grinding rollers has two opposed end faces, each of which is provided with an axle end that is disposed on said central axis of that grinding roller;
two bearing disks, that are rotatably driven about said central axis of said housing, with each of said grinding rollers being disposed between said bearing disks;
drive wheels respectively rotatably mounted on one of said bearing disks, with each of said axle ends being guided, with play, between two drive wheels in such a way that when said bearing disks rotate, said drive wheels rotatably drive said grinding rollers, which are pressed by centrifugal force against said inner surface of said housing ; and at least one guide ring provided on said housing for guiding said grinding rollers in the axial direction; each of said guide rings has at least one guide surface that extends at an angle to said central axis of said housing, and each of said guide rollers is provided with correspondingly inclined contact surface means that cooperate with said guide surfaces to effect said axial guidance of said guide rollers.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which said drive wheels and said axle ends of said grinding rollers are provided with smooth cylindrical peripheral surfaces.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which said drive wheels and said axle ends of said grinding rollers are provided with toothed cylindrical peripheral surfaces.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which said housing has two axial ends, at each of which is provided one of said guide rings, each of which has an inclined guide surface; and in which each end of a given grinding roller is chamfered, in conformity with the angle of inclination of said guide surfaces, to form said inclined contact surface means.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which said inner surface of said housing is provided with at least one guide ring having an inwardly extending portion with a truncated-cone cross-sectional shape to form guide surfaces; and in which each of said grinding rollers is provided with groove means that correspond to said cross-sectional shape of said inwardly extending portion of said guide rings.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1, which includes a plurality of grinding rollers and drive wheels uniformly distributed about said inner surface of said housing and about the periphery of said bearing disks, with each of said drive wheels cooperating with said axle ends of grinding rollers adjacent to that drive wheel.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1, which includes a main shaft disposed along said central axis of said housing, with said bearing disks, together with said drive wheels mounted thereon, being mounted on said main shaft.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7, in which said main shaft is provided with deflection plates.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, in which said grinding rollers are provided with annular recesses into which said deflection plates extend .
10. An apparatus according to claim 8, in which said deflection plates are disposed at right angles to the axis of rotation of said main shaft.
11. An apparatus according to claim 4, in which said deflection plates are disposed at an angle to the axis of rotation of said main shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000515176A CA1260763A (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Apparatus for reducing the size of and/or for mixing solid, pasty and/or liquid material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000515176A CA1260763A (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Apparatus for reducing the size of and/or for mixing solid, pasty and/or liquid material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1260763A true CA1260763A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
Family
ID=4133667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000515176A Expired CA1260763A (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-08-01 | Apparatus for reducing the size of and/or for mixing solid, pasty and/or liquid material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1260763A (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-08-01 CA CA000515176A patent/CA1260763A/en not_active Expired
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |